scholarly journals Alternative rapeseed based oil fluid for hydraulic systems of tractors

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 00030
Author(s):  
Alexander P. Bychenin ◽  
Oleg S. Volodko ◽  
Denis N. Bazhutov
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Hydraulic Systems ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Hydraulic Oil ◽  
Mineral Oils

The paper analyzes the main applications of alternative fuels and lubricants in automotive vehicles, considers the possibility of using vegetable oils as a working fluid for hydraulic systems of agricultural machinery. Based on the laboratory findings, it states the ways to improve a lubrication formula based on rapeseed oil. The formula is proven to be optimal if it includes 88.9% rapeseed oil + 3.7% D-11 + 3.2% EFO + 4.197% graphite + 0.003% MS-200A, which is superior in tribological properties to MGE-46V hydraulic oil, and can be recommended for use in hydraulic systems of agricultural machinery as an alternative to mineral oils.

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF OXIDATION ON TRIBOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF RAPESEED OIL / OKSIDACIJOS ĮTAKA RAPSŲ ALIEJAUS TRIBOLOGINĖMS SAVYBĖMS / ВЛИЯНИЕ ОКСИДАЦИИ РАПСОВОГО МАСЛА НА ЕГО ТРИБОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ СВОЙСТВА

Transport ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raimondas Kreivaitis ◽  
Juozas Padgurskas ◽  
Milda Gumbytė ◽  
Violeta Makarevičienė ◽  
Bronislovas Spruogis
Keyword(s):  
Induction Period ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Oxidation Stability ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Hydraulic Systems ◽  
Road Building

Approximately a half of all consumed lubricants, in one or another way, end up in the environment. Some countries put forward recommendations or even requirements for the use of environmentally friendly bio-lubricants the purpose of which is to reduce a negative influence of lubricants. The priority areas of using environmentally friendly lubricants cover water transport, hydraulic systems in forestry machinery, railway applications, road building machines etc. Particularly it is the case when an increased possibility of putting a lubricant in the environment occurs. Regarding good lubricity and excellent biodegradability, vegetable oils are widely used as environmentally friendly lubricants. The biggest disadvantage of vegetable oils as base stock for lubricants is pure oxidation stability. This article deals with the influence of thermal oxidation on tribological properties of rapeseed oil. The obtained results show that oxidation decreases lubrication ability due to structural changes in oil. The greatest negative influence of oxidation is obtained at the end of the induction period. Santrauka Gerai žinomas faktas, jog apie pusė visų šiuo metu naudojamų alyvų vienokiu ar kitokiu būdu patenka į aplinką. Siekiant sumažinti tepamųjų medžiagų neigiamą įtaką aplinkai, tam tikrose srityse rekomenduojama, o kai kuriose šalyse net reikalaujama naudoti aplinkai nekenkiančias biologines tepamąsias medžiagas. Susidaro didesnė galimybė šioms medžiagoms tiesiogiai patekti į aplinką ir prioritetinėmis šių medžiagų naudojimo sritimis yra laikomas vandens transportas, miškų ūkio mašinų hidraulinės sistemos, geležinkelio mechanizmai, kelių tiesimo mašinos ir kt. Dėl gerų tepamųjų savybių ir gero biologinio suirstamumo augaliniai aliejai yra gana plačiai naudojami gaminant aplinkai nekenkiančias alyvas. Didžiausias tokių bazinių tepamųjų medžiagų trūkumas yra palyginti mažas atsparumas oksidacijai. Šiame straipsnyje nagrinėjama rapsų aliejaus oksidacijos įtaka jo tribologinėms savybėms. Gauti rezultatai rodo, jog aliejaus oksidacija dėl jame vykstančių struktūrinių pokyčių padidina trinties nuostolius ir paviršių nusidėvėjimą, didžiausią įtaką šiems parametrams darydama pasibaigus alyvos oksidacijos indukciniam periodui. Резюме Хорошо известен факт, что около половины применяемого масла попадает в окружающую среду. С целью сократить вред, наносимый окружающей среде от этих выбросов, рекомендуется, а в некото рых странах и требуется применение в некоторых областях биологических смазочных материалов. Приоритетными областями для применения этих материалов являются водный транспорт, гидравлические системы машин лесного хозяйства, механизмы железной дороги, машины для строительства дорог и др., т. е. те, в которых имеется повышенная возможность попадания смазочных материалов в окружающую среду. Растительные масла из-за хороших смазочных свойств и быстрого биологического распада широко применяются при производстве биологических масел. Наибольшим недостатком таких базовых масел является их относительно небольшая стойкость к оксидации. В представляемой статье приведены результаты исследований влияния оксидации рапсового масла на его трибологические свойства. Полученные результаты показывают, что оксидация масла из-за происходящих в нем структурных изменений увеличивает потери на трение и изнашивание поверхности, наибольшее влияние проявляется при окончании индукционного периода оксидации масла.

THE TRIBOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF LUBRICATING GREASES BASED ON RENEWABLE OILS

Tribologia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 266 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-72
Author(s):  
Rafał KOZDRACH
Keyword(s):  
Disperse Phase ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Castor Oil ◽  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Modified Silica ◽  
Limiting Load ◽  
Antiwear Properties ◽  
Lubricating Properties ◽  
Limiting Pressure

The paper discusses the influence of vegetable oil basis on lubricating properties of their selected compositions. Four vegetable oils were used for production of lubricating greases: rapeseed, sunflower, soybean, and castor, all thickened with modified silica of Aerosil® type. The tribological properties of lubricating greases based on vegetable oils were investigated. On their basis, the most beneficial compositions were selected. The tribological properties of greases were estimated via measurements of limiting load of wear (Goz/40), welding load (Pz), scuffing load (Pt), limiting load of scuffing (Poz), and the limiting pressure of seizure (Poz). Based on the obtained results, it may be concluded that the best antiwear properties were shown by the lubricating compositions based on rapeseed oil, whereas the best antiscuffing properties have compositions using castor oil as a disperse phase.

scholarly journals Investigation of the Influence of Different Vegetable Oils as a Component of Blended Biofuel on Performance and Emission Characteristics of a Diesel Engine for Agricultural Machinery and Commercial Vehicles

Resources ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Vladimir Markov ◽  
Vyacheslav Kamaltdinov ◽  
Sergey Devyanin ◽  
Bowen Sa ◽  
Anatoly Zherdev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
Commercial Vehicles ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Specific Emissions

Biofuels derived from renewable plant materials are considered promising alternative fuels to decrease emissions of ICEs. This study aimed to justify the possibility of using vegetable oils of different sources as a 10% additive in blended biofuel for diesel engines of agricultural machinery and commercial vehicles. Seven different vegetable oils were investigated. Experiments have been performed by fueling a diesel engine with blended biofuels of 90% petroleum diesel fuel and 10% vegetable oil. In the maximum power and maximum torque modes, the brake power drop was no more than 1.5%, and the brake-specific fuel consumption increase was less than 4.3%; NOx emissions were reduced by up to 8.3%, exhaust smoke—up to 37.5%, CO—up to 20.0%, and unburned HC—up to 27.9%. In the operating modes of the European 13-mode steady-state test cycle, the integral specific emissions of HC decreased by up to 30.0%, integral specific emissions of CO—up to 15.0%, and integral specific emissions of NOx—up to 16.0%. The results obtained show the feasibility and rationality of using the investigated vegetable oils as a 10% additive in blended biofuel for diesel engines of agricultural machinery and commercial vehicles.

Bio-Based Hydraulic Fluids in Mobile Machines: Substitution Potential in Construction Projects

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Deuster ◽  
Katharina Schmitz
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Natural State ◽  
Hydraulic Systems ◽  
Oil Consumption ◽  
Hydraulic Oil ◽  
Wheel Loaders ◽  
Mobile Working

Abstract This paper deals with the hydraulic oil consumption of mobile working machines. Different mobile working machines are going to be investigated by setting out their hydraulic oil consumption per hour. The substitutable amount of mineral by bio-based hydraulic oil is examined by an exemplary calculation for a construction project. The observations are intended to establish the working medium bio-based hydraulic oil on the lubricants market and to increase its use quantities, especially for mobile machines, with regard to environmental protection. Environmentally friendly lubricants and process materials are used in a wide variety of technical applications. In mobile machines in particular, efforts are being made to further establish bio-based lubricants. Due to unforeseeable accidents and leaks, a considerable amount of lubricants is released into the environment every year. This results in contamination of the affected environment. For this reason, contaminated ground, for example, has to be excavated refurbished after contact with hydraulic oil in order to return them to their original natural state. Bio-based hydraulic oils minimize this risk through their biodegradability and antitoxicity. Despite the proven performance of environmentally friendly hydraulic oil, the market share of biolubricants is stagnating at a constant and very low level. The majority of mobile machines use mineral oil, as working fluid in their hydraulic systems. To evaluate the substitution potential of mineral oil by bio-based oil in construction projects, various mobile machines are considered. In addition to widely used mobile machines like, for example excavators or wheel loaders, road construction equipment is also considered, due to a high hydraulic oil consumption resulting through heavy heat loads.

scholarly journals Address for correspondence: Lugovaja Inna S. – Belarusian National Technical University, 12 Ya. Kolasa str., 220013, Minsk, Republic of Belarus. Tel: +375 17 292-84-37 [email protected]

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 422-426
Author(s):  
I. S. Lugovaja
Keyword(s):  
Construction Materials ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Hydraulic Systems ◽  
Viscous Liquids ◽  
Mineral Oils ◽  
Low Viscosity ◽  
Working Bodies ◽  
Minced Meat

Hydraulic systems used in mechanisms and machines are intended for mechanical movements: load lifting, material pressing, moving of working bodies, etc. Mineral oils with low viscosity are used in them as working fluids. Such liquids include food products (honey, molasses, tar, minced meat, dough, pasta, creams, starches), construction materials (clay, cement, sealant), petroleum products, etc. which are found in chemical and textile, wine and bakery, cosmetic and confectionery, dairy and paintwork, construction industry and many other areas of activity. At the same time, hydraulic systems are used in various sectors of the national economy, which are designed for pumping or transporting a high-viscosity working fluid. However, description of such hydraulic systems, their classification, specific features of the devices of which they consist, has yet received insufficient attention. In this regard, this paper provides a classification of hydraulic systems for pumping and transporting highly viscous liquids, a description of their composition, main types of pumps and devices for controlling and performing technological tasks widely used in various industries. It is shown that all pumps used for these purposes can be divided into two groups: dynamic and volumetric. The paper presents schemes of devices, a brief description and operational principle of pumps used for these purposes. The executed analysis has shown that an operation of hydraulic systems for pumping highly viscous liquids necessitates further study of their characteristics, as well as development of methods for calculation and design.

Comparative TG/DTG/DTA+FTIR Studies Concerning the Stability of Some Mineral and Vegetable Electro-Insulating Fluids

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (9) ◽  
pp. 2366-2371
Author(s):  
Andrei Cucos ◽  
Petru Budrugeac ◽  
Iosif Lingvay ◽  
Adriana Mariana Bors ◽  
Andreea Voina
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Electrical Equipment ◽  
Inert Atmosphere ◽  
Oxidation Products ◽  
Gaseous Products ◽  
Mineral Oils ◽  
Ftir Studies ◽  
Dta Analysis ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
The Stability

Thermal TG/DTG/DTA analysis coupled with FTIR spectroscopy was applied to some sorts of mineral and vegetable oils used in electrical equipment. On heating in inert atmosphere, it was observed that the mineral oils vaporize, while the vegetable oils undergo hydrolysis, yielding fatty acids as main volatiles, as indicated by FTIR. In synthetic air, the FTIR spectra of gaseous products confirm the presence of similar oxidation products, both for mineral and vegetable oils. The TG results indicated that the vegetable-based oils exhibit a substantially higher thermal stability than the mineral oils. The presence or absence of anti-oxidant inhibitors in these oils greatly influences the onset of the oxidation process in air environment factor, as results from the DTA results.

ENSURING QUALITATIVE-ACCURACY CHARACTERISTICS DURING RESTORING OF VEHICLE PARTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (144) ◽  
pp. 116-121
Author(s):  
Nikita A. Pen’kov ◽  
◽  
Oleg A. Sidorkin ◽  
Sergey Yu. Zhachkin ◽  
Anatoliy I. Zavrazhnov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Hydraulic Drive ◽  
Research Purpose ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
Servo Valve ◽  
Contact Points ◽  
Drive Systems

One of the most common reasons for the failure of hydraulic drive systems for agricultural machinery is the working fluid leak in the contact points of the rubbing surfaces of hydraulic blocks. The application of composite coatings based on chromium on the contacting surfaces allows you to restore the defect in the shape of the part caused by wear, as well as reduce the friction coefficient at the contact points, which positively affects the wear resistance of the part. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in developing technologies for restoring parts of agricultural machinery with predetermined operational properties. (Materials and methods) A servo valve, widely used in various hydraulic drive systems, was used as an experimental sample. Its working surface was restored with a composite coating applied by electroplating to increase the wear resistance of the servo valve. (Results and discussion) Authors conducted a series of direct measurements under the same conditions. The article presents the de-pendence of the microhardness on the parameters of the electrolysis mode and the thickness of the applied coating using the method of least squares. The nature of changes in microhardness and residual stresses was evaluated to determine the quality of the coatings. The article presents the dependences of these indicators on various control parameters (current density, temperature, tool pressure). The equations of the regression of the main qualitative and accuracy characteristics of the parts were deter-mined using the apparatus of the theory of experimental planning. (Conclusions) The article presents the method for predicting coatings of a given quality, taking into ac-count the influence of the current density and the temperature of the electrolyte during electrolysis on the nature of the precipitation obtained. The influence of the tool pressure on the depth of deformation of the formed layers was estimated. This approach allows us to evaluate the nature of the stress distribution in the formed coating and the quality of the restored parts.

Calculation of a closed hydraulic volumetric system

2021 ◽  
pp. 27-30
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Hydraulic System ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Wind Power Plant ◽  
Hydraulic Systems ◽  
Hydraulic Motor ◽  
Hydraulic Pump ◽  
Oil Pump ◽  
Selection Of

An algorithm is proposed for calculating a closed volumetric hydraulic pump-hydraulic motor system using the example of the hydraulic system of a wind power plant, based on the calculation of the hydraulic systems of mobile machines. The main characteristics of the system components, the selection of initial data for the calculation, working fluid and diameters of hydraulic lines are analyzed. Keywords: hydraulic system, energy, fluid, oil, pump, motor, renewable energy source, wind power plant, machine. [email protected]

scholarly journals The Performance of Diesel Engine Fueled Diesel Oil in Comparison with Heated Pure Vegetable Oils Available in Vietnam

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anh Tuan Hoang
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Petroleum Resources ◽  
Ready Availability

Pure vegetable oils have the greatest promise for alternative fuels for internal combustion engines beside the depletion of conventional petroleum resources. Among various possible options, pure vegetable oils present promising of greener air substitutes for fossil fuels. Pure vegetable oils, due to the agricultural origin, liquidity, ready availability, renewability, biodegradability are able to reduce the CO2 emissions in the atmosphere. Also, in Vietnam, pure vegetable oils such as soybean oil (SoO100), coconut oil (CO100) and sunflower oil (SuO100) are available. The paper presents the results of using heated pure vegetable oils for diesel engine D243 with power of 80 hp (58.88) kW. The results of determining the power (Ne), specific fuel consumption (SFC) and efficiency (n) are used to evaluate the performance of engine. The results show that, the engine power (Ne) is 10%-15% lower, the SFC of engine D243 using pure vegetable oils is 3%-5% higher and the η is 2.5%-6.2% lower compared to diesel oil (DO). Among the pure vegetable oils, the best performance results for D243 diesel engine are obtained from heated pure sunflower oil up to 135oC.

Enhancement of Thermo-Oxidative Stability of Vegetable Oil Based Lubricant via Chemical Modification Techniques

2015 ◽  
Vol 813-814 ◽  
pp. 695-699
Author(s):  
S. Arumugam ◽  
G. Sriram ◽  
A. Hemanth Sai Kumar Chowdary ◽  
Janga Subramanya Sai
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Modification ◽  
Oxidative Stability ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric ◽  
Transesterification Method ◽  
Unique Chemical

The rising demand for environmentally acceptable lubricant has led researchers to look to vegetable oils as an alternative to petroleum based lubricants. Vegetable oils have radically distinctive properties owing to their unique chemical structure which have greater ability to lubricate and have higher biodegradability. In spite of advantages, they are limited to inadequate thermo-oxidative stability and poor low-temperature properties which hinder their utilization. In the present study in order to produce a bio lubricant with good thermo-oxidative stability, rapeseed oil was subjected to two different chemical modification techniques viz., epoxidation method and successive transesterification method. The thermo-oxidative stability of formulated oil was analysed using Thermo Gravimetric Analysis (TGA). TGA analysis divulges that the thermo-oxidative stability of rapeseed oil was greatly improved with the epoxidation method in comparison with the successive transesterification method.

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