scholarly journals Effects of salt stress on the physiological characteristics of Solanum photeinocarpum

2021 ◽  
Vol 233 ◽  
pp. 01108
Author(s):  
Renyan Liao ◽  
Yinsong Xu
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Photosynthetic Physiology ◽  
Significant Difference

A pot experiment was used to study the effects of different concentrations of salt (100, 200, 300 mmol/L) stress on the photosynthetic physiology and antioxidant enzyme activities of Solanum photeinocarpum. The results showed that NaCl of 100 and 200 mmol/L could significantly improve the contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoid in S. photeinocarpum. However, under different concentrations of salt stress, there was no significant difference in the amount of total chlorophyll in S. photeinocarpum. Besides, as the salt stress increased, the net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, CO2 concentration of intercellular and transpiration rate of S. photeinocarpum gradually decreased, when the concentration of NaCl was 300 mmol/L, reached the lowest value. With the increase of salt stress, the POD activity, CAT activity and soluble sugar content of S. photeinocarpum increased first and then decreased, reaching the highest when the concentration of NaCl was 100 mmol/L. Therefore, S. photeinocarpum had a certain salt tolerance, low concentration of NaCl (≤ 200 mmol/L) stress could promote its growth, but high concentration (> 200 mmol/L) could inhibit its growth.

scholarly journals Effects of Chitosan on Soluble Sugar Content in Prunus davidiana Seedlings

2019 ◽  
Vol 136 ◽  
pp. 06001
Author(s):  
Jing Sun ◽  
Aihui Li ◽  
Qianhe Jing ◽  
Yingying Huang ◽  
Jiaxi Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Pot Experiment ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Soluble Sugar Content ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Relative Conductivity ◽  
Good For ◽  
Soil Conductivity ◽  
Prunus Davidiana

A pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of different concentrations of chitosan solutions (0, 1, 2, 4, 6 g/L) on soluble sugar content in Prunus davidiana seedlings. The result showed that there was no significant difference of the soluble sugar content in roots, stems, leaves and shoot in P. davidiana seedlings between at 1 g/L concentration and the control. All concentration treatments were reduced the soluble sugar content in roots and stems of P. davidiana seedlings compared with the control. On the contrary, all concentration treatments were improved the soluble sugar content in leaves and shoot of P. davidiana seedlings compared with the control and the concentration treatment of 2 g/L and 4 g/L was at a higher level. All concentration treatments were improved the content in relative conductivity of blade in P. davidiana seedlings and the concentration treatment of 4 g/L was at a higher level. On the contrary, all concentration treatments were reduced the content in soil conductivity. Therefore, the chitosan solutions concentration of 2 g/L and 4 g/L concentration was beneficial to soluble sugar content in P. davidiana seedlings. On the contrary, high concentration of chitosan solutions was not good for soluble sugar content.

Germination vigour difference of superior and inferior rice grains revealed by physiological and gene expression studies

2018 ◽  
Vol 156 (3) ◽  
pp. 350-357
Author(s):  
Y. F. Zhao ◽  
H. Z. Sun ◽  
H. L. Wen ◽  
Y. X. Du ◽  
J. Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Rice Grains ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Early Germination ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Gene Expression Studies

AbstractSuperior and inferior rice grains have different weights and are located on the upper primary branch and lower secondary branches of the panicle, respectively. To study differences in germination vigour of these two types of grain, a number of factors were investigated from 0 to 48 h of germination. The present study demonstrated that in inferior grains the starch granule structure was looser at 0 h, with full water absorption at 48 h, while in superior grains the structure was tight and dense. Relative water content increased, and dry matter decreased, more rapidly in inferior grains than in superior ones. Abscisic acid and gibberellin levels, as well as α-amylase activity, also changed more rapidly in inferior grains, while soluble sugar content and amylase coding gene expression increased more rapidly in inferior than superior grains during early germination. The expression of OsGAMYB was higher in inferior grains at 24 h but higher in superior grains at 48 h. The phenotypic index of seedlings was higher in seedlings from superior grains at the two-leaf stage. However, the thousand-grain weight and yield per plant in superior and inferior plants showed no significant difference at harvest. The present study indicates that inferior grains germinate faster than superior ones in the early germination stage. Although inferior grains produced weaker seedlings, it is worthwhile using them in rice production due to their comparative yield potential over that of superior grains.

scholarly journals Effects of Biochar on Soluble Sugar Content in Peach Seedlings

2019 ◽  
Vol 136 ◽  
pp. 07010
Author(s):  
Jing Sun ◽  
Zhiyu Li ◽  
Jinpeng Zhu ◽  
Yuxi Wang ◽  
Tonghao Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Corn Straw ◽  
Paddy Straw ◽  
Soluble Sugar Content ◽  
Rape Straw ◽  
Significant Difference

A pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of different biochar types [addition of rape straw biochar (RB), addition of paddy straw biochar (PB), addition of wheat straw biochar (WB) and addition of corn straw biochar (MB)] on the soluble sugar content and plant height of peach seedlings. The result showed that the soluble sugar content in roots and leaves of peach seedlings treated with biochar was lower than the control. However, the soluble sugar content in stems was higher than control compared with the control. In the soluble sugar content in the aboveground part, there was no significant difference between the treatment of adding biochar and the control except for the treatment of PB. All the treatment of adding biochar increased the plant height of peach seedlings except the treatment of MB than the control and the treatment of RB and PB were at a higher level. Compared to control, all biochar addition treatments increased stem diameter of peach seedlings and the treatment of RB and PB were at a higher level. Therefore, the treatment of RB and PB was beneficial to the growth of peach seedlings.

scholarly journals Effects of storage temperature on the physiological characteristics and vegetative propagation of desiccation-tolerant mosses

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 797-808 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuewei Guo ◽  
Yunge Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Vegetative Propagation ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Physiological Characteristics ◽  
Regenerative Capacity ◽  
Moss Crusts ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mda Content

Abstract. Mosses, as major components of later successional biological soil crusts (biocrusts), play many critical roles in arid and semiarid ecosystems. Recently, some species of desiccation-tolerant mosses have been artificially cultured with the aim of accelerating the recovery of biocrusts. Revealing the factors that influence the vegetative propagation of mosses, which is an important reproductive mode of mosses in dry habitats, will benefit the restoration of moss crusts. In this study, three air-dried desiccation-tolerant mosses (Barbula unguiculata, Didymodon vinealis, and Didymodon tectorum) were hermetically sealed and stored at five temperature levels (0, 4, 17, 25, and 30 °C) for 40 days. Then, the vegetative propagation and physiological characteristics of the three mosses were investigated to determine the influence of storage temperature on the vegetative propagation of desiccation-tolerant mosses and the mechanism. The results showed that the vegetative propagation of the three mosses varied with temperature. The most variation in vegetative propagation among storage temperatures was observed in D. tectorum, followed by the variation observed in B. unguiculata. In contrast, no significant difference in propagation among temperatures was found in D. vinealis. The regenerative capacity of the three mosses increased with increasing temperature from 0 to 17 °C, accompanied by a decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and decreased thereafter. As the temperature increased, the chlorophyll and soluble protein contents increased in B. unguiculata but decreased in D. vinealis and D. tectorum. As to storage, the MDA and soluble sugar contents increased after storage. The MDA content of the three mosses increased at each of the investigated temperatures by more than 50 % from the initial values, and the soluble sugar content became higher than before in the three mosses. The integrity of cells and cell membranes is likely the most important factor influencing the vegetative propagation of desiccation-tolerant mosses. A 40-day storage period caused cell injury. Our results suggest that storage temperature can enhance or suppress such injury and change the regenerative capacity of the three mosses. The data indicate that the suitable storage temperature is 4 °C for B. unguiculata and 17 °C for both D. vinealis and D. tectorum.

Growth and Physiological Effects of Model Acid Rain and Lead Contamination to Tall Fescue Seedlings

2014 ◽  
Vol 665 ◽  
pp. 543-546
Author(s):  
Hui Qin Liu ◽  
Gao Feng Shen ◽  
Yi Liu ◽  
Qin Xu ◽  
Hui Ping Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Lead Contamination ◽  
Stress Concentrations ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Stress Changes

In order to explore phytoremediation and physiological effect of plant to heavy metal, physiological and biochemical changes of tall fescue seedlings were comparatively analyzed when they were contaminated by lead at different times and concentrations. The results showed that: At three lead concentrations, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) activity in tall fescue increased initially and then decreased overall with stress times. Change of POD is slower. It indicated that lead can rapid induce tall fescue protecting enzyme activity at low concentrations or in a short period. Malondialdehyde (MDA) contents were positively correlated with stress time and stress concentrations, which indicated that with the increase of stress concentration and time, membrane lipid peroxidation strengthen. Changes of chlorophyll total concentration increased first and then decreased at low concentration (500 and 1000 mg·L-1), and continued to decline at high concentration. It indicated tall fescue may adapt low lead stress by increasing chlorophyll to, and lose regulation at high concentrations.Proline content decreased initially and then increased with time at 500,1000 mg·L-1, however, it was opposite at 1500 mg·L-1. They were higher than controls, indicating that osmotic adjustment ability enhanced after lead stress. Changes of soluble sugar content were down - up - down with times at three concentrations, eventually they reduced significantly. Therefore, in the process of lead stress, changes of physiological characteristics in tall fescue showed their actively adapt and resistance at low stress, and tolerance and injury at high stress.

Effects of Si+, K+ and Ca2+ on Antioxidant Enzyme Activities and Osmolytes in Halocnemum strobilaceum under Salt Stress

2011 ◽  
Vol 356-360 ◽  
pp. 2542-2550
Author(s):  
Dan Su ◽  
Nian Lai Chen ◽  
Tian Peng Gao ◽  
Chun Yan Wang ◽  
Hong Mei Sheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Complex Ions ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Complex Salts ◽  
Experimental Treatments ◽  
Total Concentrations ◽  
Halocnemum Strobilaceum

We evaluated the effects of silicon , potassium, and calcium on the salt-tolerant plant Halocnemum strobilaceum (Pal.l) Bie under salt stress. The experimental treatments consisted of a NaCl-only treatment (150, 450, or 900 mmol/l NaCl), a complex salts treatment (NaCl with K+, Ca2+,andSi+at total concentrations of 150, 450, or 900 mmol/l;(Na+:K+:Ca2+:Si+=1:0.03:0.14:0.004), and a control with no complex ions or NaCl. After 20 and 60 days of treatments, we investigated activities of the major antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD), as well as succulence and the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), proline(Pro) and glycine betain (GB). We found that additions of K+, Ca2+, and Si+partially alleviated the negative effects of salinity stress by increasing the salt tolerance of the plant. The improved salt tolerance was associated with increased Pro, GB,and increased activities of SOD, CAT, and POD,and decrease MDA. In contrast, the NaCl-only treatments caused marked decreases in succulence and soluble protein contents. The results of these experiments suggest that K+, Ca2+, and Si+can alleviate the damaging effects of salt on H. strobilaceum by preventing oxidative membrane and oxidant enzyme activities damage, and that they may be associated with osmotic adjustment.

scholarly journals Foliar Application of 24-Epibrassinolide Improved Salt Stress Tolerance of Perennial Ryegrass

HortScience ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (10) ◽  
pp. 1518-1523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanshan Sun ◽  
Mengying An ◽  
Liebao Han ◽  
Shuxia Yin
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Salt Stress Tolerance ◽  
Salt Stress Condition ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Antioxidant Defense Systems

Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) is a widely used turfgrass. In this study, the effect of exogenously applied 24-epibrassinolide (EBR) on salt stress tolerance of perennial ryegrass was investigated. The results indicated that pretreatment with four concentrations of EBR (0, 0.1, 10, 1000 nM) improved salt tolerance of perennial ryegrass. Exogenous EBR treatment decreased electrolyte leakage (EL), malondialdehyde (MDA), and H2O2 contents and enhanced the leaf relative water content (RWC), proline, soluble sugar, and soluble protein content under salt stress condition. Meanwhile, EBR reduced the accumulation of Na+ and increased K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+ contents in leaves after salt treatment. Moreover, EBR pretreatment also increased superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity, as well as ascorbic acid (AsA) and glutathione contents. These results suggested that EBR improved salt tolerance by enhancing osmotic adjustment and antioxidant defense systems in perennial ryegrass.

scholarly journals Physiological and Antioxidant Parameters in Two Lycoris Species as Influenced by Water Deficit Stress

HortScience ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (11) ◽  
pp. 1702-1708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng Xu ◽  
Mingmin Jiang ◽  
Jiangyan Fu ◽  
Lijian Liang ◽  
Bing Xia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Guaiacol Peroxidase

From a field experiment, the changes in morphophysiological characters and antioxidant enzyme activities were studied in two Lycoris species (Lycoris radiata and Lycoris aurea) subjected to 16 days of water deficit stress. With the increase of water deficit stress processing time, leaf relative water content (RWC), membrane stability index (MSI), net photosynthesis (Pn), stomatal conductance (gS), transpiration rate (E), and chlorophyll (Chl) content decreased in both studied species. The water use efficiency (WUE) showed an opposite tendency between the two species under water deficit stress, where WUE of L. aurea decreased moderately and WUE of L. aurea increased somehow. Intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) in L. aurea and L. radiata decreased in respond to water deficit stress at early stages of stress treatment, then increased throughout the rest of the stress period, and reached levels higher than those in well-watered plants at the end of the treatment. In addition, there was a significant increment in soluble sugar content and proline accumulation under water deficit stress in both species, and L. radiata showed a much more accumulation. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), guaiacol peroxidase (POD), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) increased in both plants subjected to water deficit stress while declined as the stress time increased. In L. aurea, catalase (CAT) showed a sustained increment, but it responded later and after a transient increase declined again in L. radiata under water deficit stress. In conclusion, L. radiata was more tolerant to water deficit stress than L. aurea as evidenced by its relatively higher water status, higher levels of proline, soluble sugar and pigments, and stronger photoprotection. Moreover, relatively higher antioxidant enzyme activities and lower levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in L. radiata were also associated with its better protection against water deficit stress-induced oxidative damage.

scholarly journals An AP2/ERF Gene, HuERF1, from Pitaya (Hylocereus undatus) Positively Regulates Salt Tolerance

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (13) ◽  
pp. 4586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yujie Qu ◽  
Quandong Nong ◽  
Shuguang Jian ◽  
Hongfang Lu ◽  
Mingyong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Salt Stress Tolerance ◽  
Response Factors ◽  
Ethylene Response ◽  
Hylocereus Undatus ◽  
Ethylene Response Factors

Pitaya (Hylocereus undatus) is a high salt-tolerant fruit, and ethylene response factors (ERFs) play important roles in transcription-regulating abiotic tolerance. To clarify the function of HuERF1 in the salt tolerance of pitaya, HuERF1 was heterogeneously expressed in Arabidopsis. HuERF1 had nuclear localization when HuERF1::GFP was expressed in Arabidopsis protoplasts and had transactivation activity when HuERF1 was expressed in yeast. The expression of HuERF1 in pitaya seedlings was significantly induced after exposure to ethylene and high salinity. Overexpression of HuERF1 in Arabidopsis conferred enhanced tolerance to salt stress, reduced the accumulation of superoxide (O2 · ¯ ) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and improved antioxidant enzyme activities. These results indicate that HuERF1 is involved in ethylene-mediated salt stress tolerance, which may contribute to the salt tolerance of pitaya.

scholarly journals Exogenous Abscisic Acid Alleviates Harmful Effect of Salt and Alkali Stresses on Wheat Seedlings

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 3770
Author(s):  
Xiaoyu Li ◽  
Shuxin Li ◽  
Jinghong Wang ◽  
Jixiang Lin
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Growth Regulation ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Water Solution ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Wheat Seedlings

Exogenous hormones play an important role in plant growth regulation and stress tolerance. However, little is known about the effect of exogenous abscisic acid (ABA) on wheat seedlings under salt and alkali stresses. Here, a pot experiment of saline and alkaline stresses (0 and 100 mmol/L) in which ABA water solution (0, 50 and 100 μmol/L) was sprayed on wheat seedlings was conducted to study the alleviative effectiveness of ABA on salt and alkali stresses. After spraying ABA (50 μmol·L−1), shoot biomass increased 19.0% and 26.7%, respectively. The Na+ content in shoots reduced from 15-fold and 61.5-fold to 10-fold and 37.3-fold in salt and alkali stresses, compared to controls. In addition, proline and organic acid synthesis in shoots also reduced significantly, but the soluble sugar content increased under alkali stress. A high concentration of ABA (100 μmol·L−1) had no significant effects on biomass and ion content in wheat seedlings under both stresses. In conclusion, foliar application of ABA with moderate concentration could effectively accelerate shoot growth of salt-induced wheat seedlings by adjusting the levels of ions and organic solutes.

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