scholarly journals Model of diagnostics of the efficiency of using the resource potential of the agricultural sector economy

2021 ◽  
Vol 285 ◽  
pp. 01014
Author(s):  
Marina Kholodova
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Resource Potential ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Main Production ◽  
Gps System ◽  
Effective Use

The article examines the problem of the effective use of resource potential in agriculture. It is argued that the reasons for increasing the efficiency of resource use at the current stage of development are closely related to the digital transformation of the industry. The aim of the study is to develop a model for diagnosing the efficiency of using the resource potential of the agricultural sector of the economy, which is based on a regional industry approach that takes into account the current trends of large-scale transformations, the driver of which is the dependence on innovation and the rapid penetration of new technologies. The developed integrated territorial-industrial model allows us to link logically occurring structural changes in agriculture associated with digitalization and technical modernization of its sub-sectors, to identify the specifics of the spatial development of the agricultural sector, to determine the vector of effective management decisions. The criteria for identifying the degree of digitalization of economic resources are justified, the main of which is the percentage of: digitalization of agricultural land; employees with an IT specialty; automation and computerization of the management of the main production assets; agricultural machinery provided with the Glonas and GPS system.

scholarly journals PLANNING OF THE HUMAN RESOURCES OF THE AGRARIAN SECTOR OF THE REGIONAL ECONOMY

2021 ◽  
pp. 23-32
Author(s):  
А.И. Клименко ◽  
М.А. Холодова
Keyword(s):  
Human Resource ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Triple Helix ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Resource Potential ◽  
Variable Approach ◽  
The Creation

Современная трансформация сельскохозяйственного производства, обусловленная переходом к цифровым технологиям и масштабным обновлением материальнотехнической базы, влечет за собой необходимость разработки научно обоснованной методики планирования потребности аграрного производства в рабочей силе и ее адаптации к новым вызовам. Статья посвящена разработке методики планирования кадрового потенциала аграрного сектора экономики в условиях цифровых технологий. Разработан алгоритм планирования кадровой потребности отрасли на среднесрочную перспективу. Ключевыми показателями плановой работы по определению потребности в кадровом обеспечении согласно методике должны выступить контрольные цифры приема в образовательные учреждения и создание условий по обеспечению трудоустройства выпускников. С целью обоснования прогноза ежегодной дополнительной потребности аграрного сектора экономики в кадрах предложен расчетно-аналитический инструментарий с применением технологий стратегического форсайтинга, который позволяет в условиях формирования аграрной экономики инновационного типа сформировать новую парадигму прогнозирования кадровой потребности для сельскохозяйственного производства, демонстрирующую переход от сценарного (вариативного) подхода к подходу «тройная спираль». Подход «тройная спираль» не только позволит прогнозировать качественную динамику кадрового потенциала сельского хозяйства, учитывающую изменение условий труда, тенденции масштабной модернизации производственных фондов, применение современных технологий, достигнув максимального соответствия между ресурсным потенциалом отрасли и ее ежегодными кадровыми потребностями, но и будет способствовать созданию системы объективного государственного регулирования общего профессионального и дополнительного аграрного образования на региональном уровне. Практическая значимость исследования заключается в разработке организационно-экономического механизма государственного регулирования вопроса кадрового обеспечения на основе проектных методов управления в сельском хозяйстве, позволяющего сбалансировать ситуацию на аграрном рынке труда. The modern transformation of agricultural production, due to the transition to digital technologies and large-scale modernization of the material and technical base, entails the need to develop a scientifically based methodology for planning the needs of agricultural production in the labor force and its adaptation to new challenges. The article is devoted to the development of a methodology for planning the personnel potential of the agricultural sector of the economy in the context of digital technologies. An algorithm for planning the personnel needs of the industry for the medium-term perspective has been developed. The key indicators of the planned work to determine the need for personnel support according to the methodology should be the control figures for admission to educational institutions and the creation of conditions for ensuring the employment of graduates. In order to justify the forecast of the annual additional demand for personnel in the agricultural sector of the economy, a calculation and analytical tool is proposed with the use of strategic foresight technologies, which allows, in the conditions of the formation of an innovative agricultural economy, to form a new paradigm for predicting the personnel need for agricultural production, demonstrating the transition from a scenario (variable) approach to the «triple helix» approach. The «Triple Helix» approach will not only predict the qualitative dynamics of the human resource potential of agriculture, taking into account changes in working conditions, trends in large-scale modernization of production assets, the use of modern technologies, achieving maximum compliance between the resource potential of the industry and its annual human resource needs, but will also contribute to the creation of a system of objective state regulation of general professional and additional agricultural education at the regional level. The practical significance of the study lies in the development of an organizational and economic mechanism for state regulation of the issue of labor security on the basis of project management methods in agriculture, which allows to balance the situation in the agricultural labor market.

scholarly journals Exports of Agri-Products from Gujarat: Problems and Prospects

2003 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 41-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravindra H Dholakia
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Advantage ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
The State ◽  
Export Market ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Specific Product ◽  
Product Categories

This paper follows a narrow definition of agri-products that include products of agriculture, horticulture, floriculture, animal husbandry, and poultry. Like most other states in India, Gujarat has also prepared several reports and policy papers assessing the potential for agro-processing, identifying constraints in the development and exports of agri-products, suggesting or announcing several important policy measures for removing physical and financial infrastructural bottlenecks, and promoting R&D activities in the sector. However, these exercises lack realistic assessment of the potential, important features of agri-exports from the state, and Gujarat's comparative advantage over the rest of the country in specific product categories. This paper addresses these aspects. A recent survey of exports originating from Gujarat conducted by the Gujarat Industrial Technical Consultancy Organization (GITCO) estimated that, during the year 2000–01, Gujarat contributed Rs 495 billion (or 20.8%) out of the total national exports of Rs 2,385 billion. However, excluding gems and jewellery and petroleum products, Gujarat's share in the national exports is only 9.2 per cent. Compared to this overall proportion, Gujarat's share in national exports in commodities like groundnut, oil-meals, castor oil, poultry, dairy products, spices, sesame and niger seeds, and processed food, fruits, and vegetables is much higher indicating Gujarat's revealed comparative advantage in these product categories. Some important features of the exports activity in Gujarat are: Only 20 per cent are pure traders in the export business. Only a quarter of the units have ‘export house’ or upward status for special benefits. More than 40 per cent of the exporting units have come up after 1991–92. Two-thirds of the exporters belong to small and medium enterprises. Export intensity of Gujarat's agricultural sector is about 12 per cent. Agri-exports represent excess supply and hence highly volatile and fluctuating activity over time. Agri-exports are price elastic. Agri-exports would be highly responsive to exchange rate depreciation. In recent years, Gujarat's agriculture shows considerable dynamic characteristics in contrast to the gloomy official income estimates in the sector. Nineteen out of 30 crops show significant positive time trend in area while five crops show significant negative trend. The cropping pattern in Gujarat has been shifting away from the low value traditional crops to high value commercial crops with business and export potential. A detailed consideration of yield rates of different crops in the state and other states over the past three decades indicates a realistic potential of 5 per cent per annum growth rate for agriculture in Gujarat over the next eight to ten years. In order to ensure exclusive and regular supply to the export market, quality standards have to be according to the foreign destination and not the domestic market. This calls for large-scale production, assured input supplies, good logistics, infrastructural facilities, R&D activities, and technological upgradation. This involves giving priority to investments in several infrastructural facilities and agricultural R&D besides perfecting agricultural land market and encouraging contract farming in the state.

scholarly journals Integrated application of drones for soil management and precision agriculture in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-30
Author(s):  
Agbakoba Augustine Azubuike ◽  
Ema Idongesit Asuquo ◽  
Agbakoba Victor Chike
Keyword(s):  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Information And Communication

The recent push for precision agriculture has resulted in the deployment of highly sophisticated Information and Communication Technology (ICT) gadgets in various agricultural practices and methods. The introduction of ICT devices has been linked to significant improvements in agricultural activities. These devices have been shown to enhance the optimal management of critical resources such as water, soil, crop and arable land. Again, ICT devices are increasingly attractive due to their flexibility, ease of operation, compactness and superior computational capabilities. Especially when in comparison to the mundane methods previously used by most small- and large-scale farmers. For instance, ICT devices such as Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) also referred to as drones, are increasingly being deployed for remote sensing missions where they capture high quality spatial resolution images. The data generated by these UAVs provide much needed information that aids in early spotting of soil degradation, crop conditions, severity of weed infestation and overall monitoring of crop yield variability. This enables farmers to acquire on-the-spot information that will enhance decision making within a short period of time, which will in turn contribute to reduction in running cost and potentially increase yield. It is safe to say that full potentials of drones are yet to be fully utilized in the Nigerian agricultural sector. This is due to several factors; most notably are the numerous challenges that accompany the introduction and adoption of much new technologies. Other factors; include high cost of technology, inadequate or total lack of skilled labour, poor awareness and low-farmer literacy. Therefore, this review work highlights the global progress recorded as a result of the recent application of drones for soil management and efficient crop production. Furthermore, key discussions surrounding the application of drones for precision agriculture and the possible drawbacks facing the deployment of such technology in Nigeria has been covered in this work.

scholarly journals STRUCTURAL DEVELOPMENT CHANGES OF RUSSIAN AGRARIAN SECTOR WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF IMPLEMENTATION OF NATIONAL PRIORITIES

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Kholodova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Comparative Characteristic ◽  
Structural Development ◽  
State Management ◽  
Agrarian Sector ◽  
The One ◽  
Agrarian Structure

Purpose: to study the problem of structural changes in the development of the agricultural sector in Russia within the framework of the national priorities implementation. Materials and methods: the synthetic tools of the study are based on the methods of economic statistics, which helped to analyze the structural dynamics of the country's agricultural sector. The object of the research was the agrarian structure of the Russian agricultural sector. The statistical analysis was carried out in the context of individual categories of farms. Results. The problems of structural changes in the agricultural sector of Russia within the framework of the implementation of national priorities are dealt with. For this, the methodology for calculating structural changes in agriculture and the mining industry, as well as the agricultural sector in the context of certain categories of farms, was used. The analysis is carried out for agricultural organizations, peasant (farmer) households. The problem of structuring the agrarian sector of the Russian economy is considered as a systemic task of state management of the industry, reduced to the formation of optimal proportions between the elements of the agrarian structure and their development. The results of agrarian reforms in agriculture for the period 2006–2019 are presented. A comparative characteristic of the options for organizing large-scale agro-industrial production in Russia and abroad is given. Conclusions. The presented dynamics of structural changes in agriculture on the basis of linear and quadratic coefficients makes it possible to determine the effectiveness of the state agricultural policy in the context of the implementation of national priorities. It has been substantiated that in the mid-term strategic development the intensity of structural changes in agriculture will be determined by the development trends of the small-format sector of the economy, including the one through the system of agricultural cooperation.

scholarly journals Land Consolidation for Agricultural Growth in Vietnam

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Nguyen Thi Thu Huong ◽  
Pham Nguyen My Linh ◽  
Vo Thi Van Khanh ◽  
Nguyen Quang Sang ◽  
Le Hoang Anh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Land Consolidation ◽  
Agricultural Product ◽  
Production Scale ◽  
Agricultural Growth ◽  
Brand Building ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
The Government

In order to effectively restructure agriculture, comprehensive solutions are needed, in which the solution of agricultural land consolidation and concentration must be accompanied by strong reform of the conditions of agricultural production such as organizing good inputs and outputs markets, brand building and protection, strengthening agricultural product quality management, improving the competitiveness of the agricultural sector, respecting market rules, so that the markets can regulate the production scale and technology applied with the orientation and support of the Government, etc. In this way, Vietnam's agriculture can enter a new stage of development. This paper analyzes the current situation of agricultural land consolidation in Vietnam. The authors have clarified the results as well as limitations in agricultural land consolidation for Vietnam. The cause of the limitations in agricultural land consolidation for Vietnam in recent years and recommendations to promote land consolidation for agricultural development in Vietnam in the near future.

scholarly journals Agriculture of the Irkutsk Region: Hard Experience in the Industrial Region

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 345-361
Author(s):  
Grigorii Tsykunov
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Material Base ◽  
State Farm ◽  
Irkutsk Region

The article deals with historical and modern problems of agricultural development in the Irkutsk region in the context of industrial development of the region. Structural changes in the agricultural sector, the ratio of crop production and animal husbandry in the production of agricultural products are traced. The study found that within the framework of large-scale programs for the development of the productive forces of the Irkutsk region, the main attention was paid to industrial development, and agriculture was assigned the role of a secondary industry. This was manifested in the residual principle of financing the agricultural sector, its material base and the development of the social sphere in rural areas. Rural youth were involved in the construction and operation of production facilities, which led to a reduction of the population in the nearby villages and villages of the region. Special attention is paid to the problems of modern agriculture in the conditions of market transformations in the industry. On the basis of statistical material, the characteristics of the main categories of farms are given: agricultural organizations, farms and households. The analysis shows the leading role of private households in the total volume of agricultural production. At the same time, there is still an insignificant share of farms in the goods produced. The demographic consequences of the destruction of the state-farm-collective-farm system, manifested in a reduction in the number of villagers and a large shortage of agricultural workers, are particularly noted.

scholarly journals PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES OF THE REGION IN THE CONTEXT OF LAND MARKET FORMATION

2021 ◽  
pp. 80-86
Author(s):  
Dmytro Nemish ◽  
Mariana Humeniuk ◽  
Ivan Balaniuk ◽  
Diana Shelenko
Keyword(s):  
Land Reform ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Land Market ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Reform Implementation ◽  
Market Formation ◽  
Land Relations ◽  
Logical Method

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to reveal the prospects for the development of small agricultural enterprises in view of the transformation processes taking place in the context of land market formation. Methodology of research. Theoretical and methodological basis of the study were legislative and other regulations, scientific works of domestic and foreign scientists on issues related to the functioning of the land market and the development of small enterprises in the agricultural sector. The following general scientific and special methods were used to achieve this goal: abstract and logical method in the formation of theoretical generalizations, assumptions, conclusions; analysis and synthesis in assessing the development of small agricultural entrepreneurship and the functioning of the land market; comparative analysis to compare economic indicators in time and space; graphic method with a visual reflection of the dynamics and structural changes in the distribution of land by ownership. Findings. The research is devoted to a topical issue concerning the prospects for the development of small agricultural enterprises in the context of land market formation. The article pays special attention to aspects of land reform implementation The social and economic preconditions of transformation of the structure of the land fund by forms of ownership are considered. The main restraining factors of agricultural land market development are highlighted. Measures of state support of small agricultural enterprises in the process of land purchase are revealed. The level of efficiency of the land market since its launch is shown. The main positive aspects and problems related to the formation of the land market are presented. The foreign experience of the influence of the land market functioning on the development of small agricultural enterprises is studied. Originality. The substantiation of the dependence of the development of small agrarian entrepreneurship on the level of development of the land market is deepened. Practical value. The implementation of the developed proposals will allow to intensify the development of small agricultural enterprises in the conditions of the land market functioning. It is established that with the support of the state, small agricultural enterprises will receive obvious advantages of development. Key words: small agrarian enterprise, land market, land, land relations, region, land reform.

scholarly journals FACTORS OF THE INTERNAL ENVIRONMENT FOR FORMING THE INVESTMENT ATTRACTIVENESS OF ENTERPRISES IN THE AGRICULTURAL INDUSTRY OF THE SUMY REGION

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larysa Rybina ◽  
Mykhaylo Heyenko
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Internal Environment ◽  
Agricultural Industry ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Reproduction Process ◽  
Acceptable Method ◽  
Effective Use

The article is devoted to the study of the key factors of the internal environment of the formation of investment attractiveness of agricultural enterprises of the Sumy region. The current state of investments in agricultural enterprises of the Sumy region, their financial support, as well as the actual and predicted financial results of enterprises’ activities, reflecting the efficiency of using the resource potential of enterprises, have been investigated. Positive trends in the development of agricultural enterprises of the Sumy region are revealed, indicating an increase in the level of their investment attractiveness, both for domestic and foreign potential investors, respectively, on the activation of investment processes in the region based on the mobilization of internal and external sources of investment. In general, capital expenditures play a very important role for ensuring the reproduction process for each enterprise. Expansion of operations and economic development are impossible without investments. They are necessary for the development or acquisition of new technologies, equipment etc. The peculiarities of investing activities of agricultural enterprises are considered. They affect the investment attractiveness of agricultural enterprises and the choice of methods for assessing the investment attractiveness of an enterprise. The implementation of a long-term strategy for the economic development of the region’s agro-industrial complex requires an increase in the volume of investment resources, an improvement in the structure of investment sources and an increase in the efficiency of their use in accordance with the priorities of economic growth. In solving this problem, a regional policy for the formation and effective use of investment resources should play an important role. Despite the large amount of research devoted to investments, some of the related issues are the subject of further discussion. Increasing the investment attractiveness of the agricultural sector means creating a competitive environment, as well as an acceptable method for assessing the profitability of proposed investments.

Estimation of the Domestic Agricultural Sector Potential for the Growth of Energy Cultures for Bioenergy Fuel Production

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-82
Author(s):  
Yaroslava Larina ◽  
Julia Galchynska ◽  
Petro Kucheruk ◽  
Oksana Zghurska ◽  
Ganna Ortina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Social Efficiency ◽  
Fuel Production ◽  
Resource Potential ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Attractive Option ◽  
Legislative Framework ◽  
Alternative Sources

Abstract The article presents discussion on the state and prospects of bioenergy development in the context of rationalization of energy crops application as resource potential of Ukraine. Along with the development of society and increase of life intensity, the needs of mankind with regard to energy resources are increasing. The reduction rates of traditional types of energy resources are progressively growing, and their shortage is increasing. In addition, Ukraine belongs to import-dependent countries in the energy sector. At the expense of its own sources, our country provides only about half of the energy needs, while domestic national economy is one of the most energy-intensive industries in the world. In this regard, there is an urgent need to search for new, alternative sources of energy. Taking into account the potential present in Ukraine, the biomass use for energy production is the most attractive option. However, along with this, there is a problem of purposeful use of the agricultural land and a competitive struggle between agricultural products for nutrition and energy purposes. At the same time, many problems arise, which concerdevelopment of an appropriate legislative framework, methodological approaches to the economic, environmental and social efficiency of production and use of biological types of energy.

The Twenty-First Century Agricultural Land Rush

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory Thaler
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
First Century ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
Land Grab ◽  
Investment Capital ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
Political Economic

The 2007–2008 global food crisis has been followed by a rapid acceleration in large-scale agricultural land deals, which activists have labeled a “global land grab.” This chapter explores the origins of this twenty-first century agricultural land rush, its geography, and the responses it has engendered. The origins of the land rush are located in interlinked food, financial, and ecological crises that are indicative of fundamental shifts in the global political economy. In response to these crises, land grabbing represents an effort to reconstruct a stable political-economic order, both on the part of investment capital seeking to relaunch accumulation and on the part of political actors and companies seeking to secure stable supplies of food and energy. The geography of the land rush is analyzed through the interrelated variables of land availability, the structural position of a country in the global economy, and a country’s domestic institutional structure. Finally, the main theoretical positions in the debate over land deals are linked to distinct political responses. The real historical significance of the structural changes behind the agricultural land rush suggests that the implications of the land rush will be both durable and systemic.

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