Study of maximum tensile strength of fancy yarns using the design of experiments

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malek Alshukur ◽  
Alex Fotheringham
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Maximum Load ◽  
Cotton Yarn ◽  
Core Component ◽  
Structure Quality ◽  
The Core ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Fancy Yarns

This study was conducted to identify the factors and the interactions which affect the maximum load of multi-thread fancy yarns. The objectives of this research was to identify the relative contribution of each factor and interaction leading to the maximisation of the tensile strength. The fancy yarns were made on a hollow-spindle spinning machine. The experimental design of this study had seven factors – with two levels each and was repeated five times. It was found that using two single yarns, instead of a similar two-ply yarn, for the core component increased the value of maximum load. The effect component contributed positively to the load only when it was a three-ply cotton yarn rather than a three-ply bamboo yarn since the former had interactions with the core and the binder. Excessive wraps reduced the maximum load. The effect of the overfeed ratio on the maximum load was weak. The manufacturing process in general had low levels of variability. This research is important because it contributes to a broader understanding to the effect of seven factors on the structure, quality, and mechanical properties of multi-thread fancy yarn.

Effect of Elastane Denier and Draft Ratio of Core-Spun Cotton Weft Yarns on the Mechanical Properties of Woven Fabrics

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 155892501400900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bilal Qadir ◽  
Tanveer Hussain ◽  
Mumtaz Malik
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Linear Density ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Cotton Yarn ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Tear Strength ◽  
The Core ◽  
Specific Effects

Elastane percentage in the core-spun cotton yarn of a specific linear density can be affected in two ways: either by changing the elastane denier or the draft ratio. The purpose of this study was to find out whether different mechanical properties of fabrics woven from such yarns simply depend upon the elastane percentage or whether the method of achieving a desired elastane percentage has specific effects. It was found through regression analyses that both the elastane denier and the draft ratio are almost equally important for fabric tear strength and stretchability, whereas the fabric tensile strength is predominantly influenced by the elastane denier while the fabric recovery after stretch is mainly influenced by the elastane draft ratio.

scholarly journals Experimental Study on the Effects of Coolants on Surface Quality and Mechanical Properties of Micromilled Thin-Walled Elgiloy

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Da Qu ◽  
Peng Zhang ◽  
Jiadai Xue ◽  
Yun Fan ◽  
Zuhui Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Surface Quality ◽  
Lower Surface ◽  
Work Piece ◽  
Dry Machining ◽  
Core Component ◽  
The Core ◽  
Thin Walled ◽  
The One

In this study, minimum quantity coolant/lubrication (MQCL) is found to have significant impact on the surface quality and mechanical properties of the micromilled thin-walled work piece that is the core component of an aeroaccelerometer. Three kinds of coolants were used in the micromilling process to analyze their effects on surface quality and mechanical properties of the component. The experiment results show that an appropriate dynamic viscosity of coolant helps to improve surface roughness. The high evaporation rate of the coolants can enhance the cooling performance. Comparing with the dry machining case, MQCL has better performance on improving tool wear, surface quality, and mechanical properties of the micromilled work piece. It yielded up to 1.4–10.4% lower surface roughness compared with the dry machining case in this experiment. The machined work piece with the best mechanical properties and the one with the worst mechanical properties appeared in the ethyl alcohol and the dry machining case, respectively. The reasons for deteriorating surface quality and mechanical properties in dry machining cases are also analyzed. For improving the micromilling process, the penetration and cooling effect of the coolants are more important. This paper gives references to obtain better service performance of the component by improving the micromilling process.

Modification of Cotton Yarns for Smart Socks Production

2019 ◽  
Vol 800 ◽  
pp. 331-335
Author(s):  
Ieva Bake ◽  
Vineta Afanasjeva ◽  
Silvija Kukle
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Linear Density ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Cotton Yarn ◽  
Yarn Strength ◽  
Prototype Development ◽  
Cotton Yarns

The functionality of textiles can be complimented by using a wide variety of modification technologies. This study focuses on textile modification with sol-gel technology as a part of smart sock prototype development. Zinc acetate dehydrate (ZAD) is integrated in sol synthesis and used as modifier thus improving modified cotton yarn mechanical properties and also can prolong time between washing, taking into account modifiers antimicrobial properties. Four hanks of pure cotton yarns with length of 300 m, where modified with silica-based sol with 7,5 wt% ZAD as a modifier. As a part of this study tensile strength and elongation of yarn was determined and changes in liner density were observed. Average yarn linear density increases by 19 % and linear density for knitted samples increases by 2,6 %. Therefore, yarn strength for 80 % of modified samples shows mean value of 2,32 N, that is 17 % higher than unmodified samples.

Effect of Elastane Parameters on the Dimensional and Mechanical Properties of Stretchable Denim Fabrics

2020 ◽  
pp. 0887302X2096881
Author(s):  
Muhammad Bilal Qadir ◽  
Zulfiqar Ali ◽  
Ali Afzal ◽  
Muhammad Irfan ◽  
Tanveer Hussain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Elastic Properties ◽  
Linear Density ◽  
Cotton Yarn ◽  
Performance Properties ◽  
The Core ◽  
Denim Fabric ◽  
And Performance

Denim is one of the most popular casual apparel all over the globe due to a variety of available looks, comfort, and convenience. Comfort and performance properties of stretched denim fabrics depend on the elastane content, which can be controlled through the linear density of elastane and draft-ratio in the core of the cotton yarn. Optimization of both of linear density and draft-ratio of elastane for the better performance of denim fabric were focused upon in this study. The results indicated that the elastane content inside the core of yarn affects the dimensional and mechanical properties of denim fabrics. Regression analysis indicated that elastane linear-density and draft-ratio had an almost equal significance on contraction after washing, stretchability, stiffness, skewness, and bow of fabric. However, the elastic properties of fabric were mainly dependent on the elastane draft-ratio. This study will be an endeavor for industry personnel to achieve more durable and dimensionally stable denim fabrics.

scholarly journals Novel Bicomponent Functional Fibers with Sheath/Core Configuration Containing Intumescent Flame-Retardants for Textile Applications

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (19) ◽  
pp. 3095 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Maqsood ◽  
Gunnar Seide
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Core Component ◽  
Cone Calorimetry ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index ◽  
Bicomponent Fibers ◽  
The Core ◽  
Melt Spun ◽  
Intumescent Flame Retardants

The objective of this study is to examine the effect of intumescent flame-retardants (IFR’s) on the spinnability of sheath/core bicomponent melt-spun fibers, produced from Polylactic acid (PLA) single polymer composites, as IFR’s have not been tested in bicomponent fibers so far. Highly crystalline PLA-containing IFR’s was used in the core component, while an amorphous PLA was tested in the sheath component of melt-spun bicomponent fibers. Ammonium polyphosphate and lignin powder were used as acid, and carbon source, respectively, together with PES as a plasticizing agent in the core component of bicomponent fibers. Multifilament fibers, with sheath/core configurations, were produced on a pilot-scale melt spinning machine, and the changes in fibers mechanical properties and crystallinity were recorded in response to varying process parameters. The crystallinity of the bicomponent fibers was studied by differential scanning calorimetry and thermal stabilities were analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis. Thermally bonded, non-woven fabric samples, from as prepared bicomponent fibers, were produced and their fire properties, such as limiting oxygen index and cone calorimetry values were measured. However, the ignitability of fabric samples was tested by a single-flame source test. Cone calorimetry showed a 46% decline in the heat release rate of nonwovens, produced from FR PLA bicomponent fibers, compared to pure PLA nonwovens. This indicated the development of an intumescent char by leaving a residual mass of 34% relative to the initial mass of the sample. It was found that the IFRs can be melt spun into bicomponent fibers by sheath/core configuration, and the enhanced functionality in the fibers can be achieved with suitable mechanical properties.

The Effect of Nickel on the Mechanical Properties of High-Oxygen Underwater Wet Welds

1996 ◽  
Vol 118 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Pope ◽  
J. C. G. Teixeira ◽  
V. R. dos Santos ◽  
M. T. P. Paes ◽  
S. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Weight Percent ◽  
Structural Steels ◽  
High Oxygen ◽  
Metal Solidification ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Low Performance ◽  
Haz Cracking

The use of oxidizing electrodes for wet welding of offshore structural steels, in spite of their low susceptibility to hydrogen HAZ cracking, is limited, in part, by the poor mechanical properties of their weld deposits. Low levels of carbon, manganese, and other deoxidizers, together with high oxygen contents seems to be one of the reasons for this low performance. This work investigated the influence of nickel additions on the tensile strength and impact resistance of wet welds deposited at 1.1 m of water depth. It was found that welds with nickel contents between 2 and 3 weight percent exhibited maximum toughness and tensile strength. Nickel additions also had a strong effect in reducing the grain size of equiaxed ferrite in the reheated region of underwater wet welds, thereby improving their mechanical properties. The drop of mechanical properties for nickel contents higher than 3 weight percent was associated with weld metal solidification cracking.

THE EFFECT OF FE ADDITIONS ON THE MICROSTRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF A Ti-Al-Mn ALLOY

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (06n07) ◽  
pp. 783-789 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. BETTLES ◽  
T. PUEHRINGER ◽  
A. J. MORTON ◽  
D. TOMUS ◽  
M. A. GIBSON
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Alloying Additions ◽  
Β Phase ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Cp Ti ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Strength And Ductility

Alloys in the dilute Ti - Al - Mn system, which are considered to be near-α alloys, possess an attractive combination of strength and ductility, with the room temperature properties being intermediate between CP Ti and Ti -6 Al -4 V . Low levels of Fe are often tolerated in such alloys, but rarely introduced as deliberate alloying additions (with the exception of CP Ti grades), and from a processing perspective, it may indeed be desirable to have higher tolerances for Fe as it is often a common contaminant which must be controlled. In this presentation, the effect of 0.3 wt .% Fe on the microstructure and behavior of a Ti -0.75 wt .% Al -0.75 wt .% Mn is reported. It was found that annealing in the (α+β) phase field can lead to an increase in the ductility of the alloy without having a detrimental effect on the tensile strength.

The Effect of Carbon Ash on the Properties of Butadiene-Styrene Rubber (SBR) at Low Levels

2013 ◽  
Vol 746 ◽  
pp. 245-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang Hai Meng ◽  
Yi He Zhang ◽  
Lei Peng Liu ◽  
Zhi Lei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Amorphous Carbon ◽  
Coupling Agent ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Mechanical Agitation ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Butadiene Styrene

Carbon ash composed of mainly amorphous carbon and zinc oxide was used as the filler in the butadiene-styrene rubber (SBR) materials. In this paper, carbon ash was characterized by XRD. Furthermore, the composites were prepared by incorporating carbon ash into SBR matrix through the mechanical agitation and roll mixing technologies. Vulcanization characteristics and mechanical properties of SBR filled with carbon ash were investigated. The effect of coupling agent (KH550/KH570) on the mechanical properties was also discussed. The experimental results indicated that the tensile strength and modulus at 300% of SBR filled with carbon ash could be improved significantly.

The Analysis of the Deformational Behavior and Mechanical Properties of Composite Yarn under the Conditions of Small Deformation

2011 ◽  
Vol 239-242 ◽  
pp. 3024-3027
Author(s):  
Xin Mei Fan ◽  
Hao Li Xia ◽  
Zhao Xiang Zheng ◽  
Yan Pei Li ◽  
Yuan Xue
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Stress Relaxation ◽  
Recovery Rate ◽  
Elastic Recovery ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
Small Deformation ◽  
Constant Load ◽  
Cotton Yarn ◽  
Composite Yarn

This paper studied the mechanical behavior of the filament/staple fiber composite yarn and the pure cotton yarn under the isostress and isostrain of cycling tensile strength with the conditions of small deformation. And it also analyzed the elastic recovery rate, creep rate and stress relaxation rate under the different deformation rate and load. The results show that the mechanical properties of elastic recovery rate, stress relaxation and creep all keep in good range in the experiment of cycling tensile strength with low certain elongation and constant load; as the increase of certain elongation and constant load, the mechanical properties of elastic recovery rate, stress relaxation and creep have much difference, just in terms of the conformality under the cyclic tensile strength, PET/PU/cotton composite yarn shows the best, next is the PU/cotton composite yarn, and then next is the PET /cotton composite yarn, and the pure cotton yarn shows the worst.

Manufacturing Technique and Property Evaluation of Cotton/Polyester/ Rubber Composite Warp Knit

2012 ◽  
Vol 627 ◽  
pp. 302-306
Author(s):  
Jia Horng Lin ◽  
Shih Yu Huang ◽  
Hui Yu Yang ◽  
Ching Wen Lin ◽  
Jin Mao Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Air Permeability ◽  
Cotton Yarn ◽  
Knitted Fabrics ◽  
Synthetic Fibers ◽  
Property Evaluation ◽  
Rubber Composite ◽  
Tearing Strength

Cotton fiber is a type of natural fibers. Using natural fibers to fabricate textile can not only decrease the consumption of synthetic fibers, but also reduce the environmental pollution. This study aims to fabricate elastic knitted fabrics and evaluate their properties. Polyester (PET) filaments and rubber threads serve as the warp while cotton yarn serves as the weft for warp knitting. A crochet machine makes the warp and weft into warp knits with desirable stretchability, during which the amount (single/double) and the ply number (1-, 2-, and 3-ply) of the weft are further varied. The resulting warp knits are evaluated for water absorption, air permeability, and mechanical properties. As demonstrated by the experimental results, the warp knits with single 1-ply weft (S1) yield an optimal air permeability of 224.6 cm3/cm2/s and stiffness along the warp direction of 4.74cm. The warp knits with single 2-ply weft (S2) display an optimal tearing strength of 86N while the warp knits with double 3-ply weft (D3/3) has an optimal tensile strength of 708N.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document