scholarly journals Application of biological deodorization methods in the aspect of sustainable development

2018 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 02006
Author(s):  
Urszula Miller ◽  
Izabela Sówka ◽  
Agnieszka Grzelka ◽  
Marcin Pawnuk
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Cleaning Process ◽  
Cleaning Efficiency ◽  
Ecological Benefits ◽  
Gas Cleaning ◽  
Preventive Actions ◽  
Biological Deodorization ◽  
Economic Balance ◽  
Biological Methods

The sequence of actions in matters of restricting odour nuisance is topped by preventive actions taken while an investment is planned and exploited. However, if using the best techniques available and abiding by technological regimes is insufficient and emission is still observed, one should make use of the method of deodorization. The choice of the specific suitable method is determined by many factors such as the properties of the gases being cleaned, the concentration of the pollution being emitted and the designed cleaning efficiency. Odour emission management concerning sustainable development should, therefore, comprise the required level of gas cleaning, the economic balance sheet of the investment and the acquired environmental effects. In the instance of biological methods, especially gas biofiltration, the cleaning process is carried out without virtually any side products, which would produce waste. Biofiltration is more and more commonly used in cleaning waste gases, because of both ecological reasons and economical competitivity with other methods. The balance of costs of an investment in biological gas deodorization along with its profits, as well as the ecological benefits coming from the usage of such methods, are presented in this work. The obtained cleaning efficiencies have also been included.

National Far East Development Program and Sustainable Development Prospects

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 33-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Yu. Dyakov ◽  
E. G. Mikhaylova
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Far East ◽  
Development Program ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Economic Balance ◽  
Formal Requirements ◽  
Development Prospects

The article contains some comments on the project of the National Program for the Development of the Far East until 2025 and for the future till 2035. It is noted that the project does not meet the formal requirements of the program document, has a number of unreasonable proposals and measures, the implementation of which may threaten the sustainable development of the region. The authors believe that in the development process it is necessary to take into account the principles of environmental and economic balance. The conclusion is made about the feasibility of developing a methodological framework for evaluating such documents as a tool for achieving sustainable development goals.

scholarly journals Development of a simplified gas ultracleaning process: experiments in biomass residue-based fixed-bed gasification syngas

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Frilund ◽  
Esa Kurkela ◽  
Ilkka Hiltunen
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Carbonyl Sulfide ◽  
Gas Analysis ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Cleaning Process ◽  
Medium Temperature ◽  
Gas Cleaning ◽  
Adsorption Affinity

AbstractFor the realization of small-scale biomass-to-liquid (BTL) processes, low-cost syngas cleaning remains a major obstacle, and for this reason a simplified gas ultracleaning process is being developed. In this study, a low- to medium-temperature final gas cleaning process based on adsorption and organic solvent-free scrubbing methods was coupled to a pilot-scale staged fixed-bed gasification facility including hot filtration and catalytic reforming steps for extended duration gas cleaning tests for the generation of ultraclean syngas. The final gas cleaning process purified syngas from woody and agricultural biomass origin to a degree suitable for catalytic synthesis. The gas contained up to 3000 ppm of ammonia, 1300 ppm of benzene, 200 ppm of hydrogen sulfide, 10 ppm of carbonyl sulfide, and 5 ppm of hydrogen cyanide. Post-run characterization displayed that the accumulation of impurities on the Cu-based deoxygenation catalyst (TOS 105 h) did not occur, demonstrating that effective main impurity removal was achieved in the first two steps: acidic water scrubbing (AWC) and adsorption by activated carbons (AR). In the final test campaign, a comprehensive multipoint gas analysis confirmed that ammonia was fully removed by the scrubbing step, and benzene and H2S were fully removed by the subsequent activated carbon beds. The activated carbons achieved > 90% removal of up to 100 ppm of COS and 5 ppm of HCN in the syngas. These results provide insights into the adsorption affinity of activated carbons in a complex impurity matrix, which would be arduous to replicate in laboratory conditions.

Mechanism of PVA Brush Loading with Ceria Particles during Post-CMP Cleaning Process

2021 ◽  
Vol 314 ◽  
pp. 259-263
Author(s):  
Samrina Sahir ◽  
Hwi Won Cho ◽  
Nagendra Prasad Yerriboina ◽  
Tae Gon Kim ◽  
Satomi Hamada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrostatic Attraction ◽  
Particle Removal ◽  
Cross Contamination ◽  
Cleaning Process ◽  
Particle Loading ◽  
Cleaning Efficiency ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Cleaning Solution ◽  
Oppositely Charged ◽  
Process Interaction

Brush scrubbing is a well-known post CMP cleaning process. Interaction between PVA brush and the particles removed during the process must be considered while designing a cleaning process. In this work, the effect of cleaning solution pH was investigated in terms of particle removal from the wafer and subsequent loading to the PVA brush nodule. Higher cleaning of particles from wafer was observed for pH 2 and 12 cleaning solutions and poor cleaning for pH 7 cleaning solution. In contrast, the brushes were loaded heavily for pH 7 compared to pH 2 and 12. Higher electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged PVA and ceria surfaces provided higher ceria particles loading to PVA brush in acidic and neutral cleaning solutions. This particle loading to PVA brush can further effect cleaning efficiency as well as cross-contamination.

scholarly journals Use of ultrasound for cleaning of components of historical vehicles in Technical Museum in Brno

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 79-86
Author(s):  
K. Rapouch ◽  
M. Mrázek
Keyword(s):  
Water Drop ◽  
Bath Temperature ◽  
Cleaning Process ◽  
Fuel System ◽  
Dissolved Metals ◽  
Cleaning Efficiency ◽  
Ultrasound Frequency ◽  
Aas Method ◽  
Ultrasound Effect

Abstract In the collections of Technical Museum in Brno, large number of historical vehicles is placed. During the operation, parts of their motors are being fouled. Frequently, they become even immobile (e. g. due to a fouled fuel system). In this case, the method using ultrasound with a suitable concentrate appears as the most suitable. In fact, ultrasound works also in inaccessible places with large efficiency. Not only the chosen solution influences the cleaning efficiency, but also parameters as time, bath temperature and ultrasound frequency. The cleaning process was evaluated according to the volume of removed dirt and by observing wettability change using the measuring of contact angle of a water drop. The ultrasound shock waves influence the surface to a certain extent also mechanically. That is why, the ultrasound effect on defects in the structure was observed. The aggressivity of cleaning concentrates was evaluated on the ground of determination of dissolved metals in the baths by ET AAS method.

scholarly journals Gandhian Model of Community Development

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Bharat Prasad Badal
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Community Development ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Mahatma Gandhi ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
Great Leader ◽  
The World

 Gandhian Model of Community Development (GMCD) is a sustainable development model for governments in the central, provincial, and local levels of democratic federal countries in the world by the scientific analysis of Gandhian ideology in a specified community. Community Development is a method, a strategy, and a campaign to uplift human life settlements and to solve the community problems from a simple local perspective. The human settlement with local communal acceptance, local norms, and values, environmental protection, help and cooperation, trusteeship, health, education, sanitation, training, transportation, marketing, etc. are the major components of the Gandhian Model of Community Development. The global acceptance with local initiation, norms, knowledge and practices in the positive changes on human life is Gandhian Community Development. It is the core ideological view of the great leader of south Asia-Mahatma Gandhi. Mahatma Gandhi is also pronounced as second Buddha of the world. The main objective of the study is to develop a Gandhian Model of Community Development with the incorporation of thoughts and ideologies of Mahatma Gandhi. The study is the collection of Gandhian ideology with a programmatic model for the future development of the human being specified within the boundary with the specified indicators of the Gandhian Model of Community Development. It is a hermeneutic and historical interpretation of three universal truths- Generation, Operation, and Destruction for the liberation of human beings from a sustainable development strategy guided by Mahatma Gandhi. His ideas are herminuted in contemporary sustainable community development. In conclusion, the Gandhian Model of Community development is a model having Balance Sheet of Production and Consumption within the specified municipality and Gandhian Development Indicators for human liberation or development toward ultimate freedom.

scholarly journals Securitization as an innovative refinancing mechanism and an effective asset management tool in a sustainable development environment

2020 ◽  
Vol 166 ◽  
pp. 13029
Author(s):  
Sergiy Legenchuk ◽  
Maryna Pashkevych ◽  
Olga Usatenko ◽  
Olha Driha ◽  
Valentyna Ivanenko
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Asset Management ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Development Environment ◽  
Management Philosophy ◽  
The Face ◽  
Collateralized Loan Obligation

Today’s realities dictate to Ukrainian companies a management philosophy that requires them not only to maintain their position in the market, but also to increase the efficiency of their operations and development in the context of favorable and unfavorable changes in the market environment, which necessitates significant amounts of financial resources. In the face of global competition and the increased turbulence of the external environment, securitization is one of the alternative tools to attract additional financing as well as to minimize risks by which financial markets can support sustainable finance in the transition to a green economy. The article deals with the essence of securitization as one of the major financial innovations of our time. It is established that this financial mechanism allows to diversify sources of financing, to effectively manage the structure of the balance sheet of the enterprise, as well as to significantly increase the level of liquidity of its assets. It also describes the main types of securitization and their impact on the structure of balance sheet indicators. The practical relevance of the study is that the authors’ highlighted areas of change in financial performance make it possible to make an smart decision on the use of a particular securitization mechanism, considering the purpose of its implementation and the capabilities of its initiators, including in the transition to a green economy. It is suggested for the successful implementation of the concept of a “green” economy aimed at achieving sustainable development goals in Ukraine, using such financial instrument as sustainable securitization through the use of the collateralized loan obligation mechanism.

Waste Combustion Technology and Air Emission Control Developments by Fisia Babcock Environment

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Sohnemann ◽  
Walter Scha¨fers ◽  
Armin Main
Keyword(s):  
Flue Gas ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Great Majority ◽  
Optimum Process ◽  
Cleaning Process ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Flash Evaporation ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
Gas Cleaning ◽  
Secondary Air

The efforts for reducing the emissions into the atmosphere start already in the furnace and are completed by an effective flue gas cleaning system. This implies the necessity for design developments of key components for a modern EfW plant. For the core component of the firing system — the grate — Fisia Babcock Environment (FBE) is using forward moving grates as well as roller grates. The moving grate, which is used in the great majority of all our plants, has specific characteristics for providing uniform combustion and optimal burnout. These include, amongst others: - Uniform air supply by means of specific grate bar geometry. - Two grate steps in direction of waste transport for optimum burnout. - Flexible adaptation of the combustion process to the respective conditions and requirements by zone-specific air distribution and transport velocity of waste on grate. - Combustion control adapted to the specific plant for ensuring a consistent combustion process and production of energy. In addition to these features influencing the emissions the moving grate exhibits also specific characteristics regarding the mechanical aspects allowing low-maintenance and reliable operation. For optimum flue gas burnout a good oxygen distribution after leaving the combustion zone is required. For ensuring this, the injection of secondary air is designed to produce a double-swirl, developed by FBE. Final reduction of the nitrogen constituents NO and NO2 to the stipulated emission value is achieved by the SNCR process. As well in this respect, there is a great amount of experience available. Besides these measures regarding the combustion process, this paper also reports about flue gas cleaning systems. In this field the FBE CIRCUSORB® process is presented and compared with the known dry absorption process. CIRCUSORB® is a lime-based flue gas cleaning process with continuous recirculation of the moistened reaction product and simultaneous addition of fresh hydrated lime. The flue gas temperature downstream of the economizer can be selected very low and permits in this way maximized utilization of the energy. The evaporation of the moisture from the reaction product (flash evaporation) effects final cooling down of the flue gas to optimum process temperature and improves at the same time SO2 separation. This reduces the technical investment required for the flue gas cleaning process. The total of all measures taken and the robust design of all components permit economical plant operation while complying with the stipulated emission limit values.

The Waste Handling System of the Waste Disposal Department of the City of Zurich (Abfuhrwesen Zurich)

1995 ◽  
Vol 209 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-241
Author(s):  
M Lemann
Keyword(s):  
District Heating ◽  
Waste Incineration ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Cleaning Process ◽  
District Heating System ◽  
Handling System ◽  
Gas Cleaning ◽  
Wet Gas ◽  
Waste Handling ◽  
The City

This paper outlines the system used by the authorities in Zurich to treat and recycle waste in an environmentally acceptable way. The waste incineration system produces power and incorporates a district heating system as well as a wet gas-cleaning process.

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