Synthesis—A Synthetic Spatial Information System for Urban and Regional Analysis: Methods and Examples

1988 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 1645-1671 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Birkin ◽  
M Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Regional Analysis ◽  
Aggregate Data ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Analysis Methods ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Microsimulation Models

There is a growing interest from a wide variety of sources in information pertaining to the characteristics of residents of small geographical areas together with their associated activity patterns. Reliance on the use of conventional aggregate data sources combined with the British Government's reluctance to make available microdata in the form of a public-use data set has restricted the type of questions analysts have been able to ask. The application of a methodology for generating synthetic microdata from a number of different aggregate sources is reported. The resultant information system can be used in a flexible manner to produce distributions not currently available from aggregate sources. Additionally, the microdata form direct inputs into microsimulation models. The application described has been undertaken with Leeds Metropolitan District as the system of interest and a wide range of outputs is produced to illustrate the method.

scholarly journals Multivariate Characterization of Hydrogen Balmer Emission in Cataclysmic Variables

2006 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 106-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon E. Sarty ◽  
Kinwah Wu
Keyword(s):  
Principal Components Analysis ◽  
Discriminant Function ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Discriminant Function Analysis ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Cataclysmic Variables ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Analysis Methods ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Components Analysis

AbstractThe ratios of hydrogen Balmer emission line intensities in cataclysmic variables are signatures of the physical processes that produce them. To quantify those signatures relative to classifications of cataclysmic variable types, we applied the multivariate statistical analysis methods of principal components analysis and discriminant function analysis to the spectroscopic emission data set of Williams (1983). The two analysis methods reveal two different sources of variation in the ratios of the emission lines. The source of variation seen in the principal components analysis was shown to be correlated with the binary orbital period. The source of variation seen in the discriminant function analysis was shown to be correlated with the equivalent width of the Hβ line. Comparison of the data scatterplot with scatterplots of theoretical models shows that Balmer line emission from T CrB systems is consistent with the photoionization of a surrounding nebula. Otherwise, models that we considered do not reproduce the wide range of Balmer decrements, including ‘inverted’ decrements, seen in the data.

scholarly journals SOURCES OF SPATIAL INFORMATION ABOUT NOISE AS EXEMPLIFIED BY THE SPATIAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (SIS) IN POZNAŃ

1970 ◽  
pp. 73-86
Author(s):  
Jarosław Kubiak
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
The Public ◽  
Acoustical Data

Noise is subject to compulsory mapping. Access to environmental acoustical data should be available to the public user. These tasks result directly from the provisions of the Environmental Protection Law Act – EPL Act. The method of their implementation is presented using the example of the Poznań Spatial Information System. Available data sources are indicated, mainly in relation to cartographic visualisation of the presented contents.

scholarly journals Integration of spatial datasets to support the review of hydrometric networks and the identification of representative catchments

2004 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 1103-1117 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. L. R. Laize
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Network Management ◽  
Geographical Information System ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Reference Area ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Support Cost

Abstract. The rapidly growing demand for river flow data has increased pressure on hydrometric monitoring programmes to match a wide range of application-focused information needs, in particular, the identification of representative catchments. This paper investigates a novel methodology based on a Geographical Information System to support cost-effective hydrometric network management and information delivery. Raster datasets are integrated as matrices describing the relationship between variables within any given area. Matrices are then compared to index how representative catchments are of a specified reference area. Using south-east Scotland as the reference area, four applications illustrate the methodology’s potential to address a variety of issues (e.g. network rationalisation, selection of impact catchments, identification of new gauging sites). The method is implemented using elevation and land-use datasets. Keywords: spatial information, Geographical Information System, hydrometry, network management, network rationalisation, representative catchment, regionalisation

Geographic Information System and Big Spatial Data

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 101-145
Author(s):  
Raja Sher Afgun Usmani ◽  
Ibrahim Abaker Targio Hashem ◽  
Thulasyammal Ramiah Pillai ◽  
Anum Saeed ◽  
Akibu Mahmoud Abdullahi
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Geographic Information System ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Spatial Datasets ◽  
Big Data Technologies ◽  
The Impact

Geographic information system (GIS) is designed to generate maps, manage spatial datasets, perform sophisticated “what if” spatial analyses, visualize multiple spatial datasets simultaneously, and solve location-based queries. The impact of big data is in every industry, including the GIS. The location-based big data also known as big spatial data has significant implications as it forces the industry to contemplate how to acquire and leverage spatial information. In this study, a comprehensive taxonomy is created to provide a better understanding of the uses of GIS and big spatial data. The taxonomy is made up of big data technologies, GIS data sources, tools, analytics, and applications. The authors look into the importance of big spatial data and its implications, review the data sources, and GIS analytics, applications, and GIS tools. Furthermore, in order to guide researchers interested in GIS, the challenges that require substantial research efforts are taken into account. Lastly, open issues in GIS that require further observation are summarized.

scholarly journals A Built Heritage Information System Based on Point Cloud Data: HIS-PC

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 588
Author(s):  
Florent Poux ◽  
Roland Billen ◽  
Jean-Paul Kasprzyk ◽  
Pierre-Henri Lefebvre ◽  
Pierre Hallot
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Point Cloud ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Point Cloud Data ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Cloud Data ◽  
Built Heritage ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Common Framework

The digital management of an archaeological site requires to store, organise, access and represent all the information that is collected on the field. Heritage building information modelling, archaeological or heritage information systems now tend to propose a common framework where all the materials are managed from a central database and visualised through a 3D representation. In this research, we offer the development of a built heritage information system prototype based on a high-resolution 3D point cloud data set. The particularity of the approach is to consider a user-centred development methodology while avoiding meshing/down-sampling operations. The proposed system is initiated by a close collaboration between multi-modal users (managers, visitors, curators) and a development team (designers, developers, architects). The developed heritage information system permits the management of spatial and temporal information, including a wide range of semantics using relational along with NoSQL databases. The semantics used to describe the artifacts are subject to conceptual modelling. Finally, the system proposes a bi-directional communication with a 3D interface able to stream massive point clouds, which is a big step forward to provide a comprehensive site representation for stakeholders while minimising modelling costs.

Application of Geographical Information System and Interactive Data Visualization in Healthcare Decision Making

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhecheng Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Information System ◽  
Data Visualization ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Interactive Data ◽  
Visual Impact ◽  
Visualization Techniques

This paper focuses on two techniques and their applications in healthcare systems: geographic information system (GIS) and interactive data visualization. GIS is a type of technique applied to manipulate, analyze and display spatial information. It is a useful tool tackling location related problems. GIS applications in healthcare include evaluation of accessibility to healthcare facilities, site planning of new healthcare services and analysis of risks and spreads of infectious diseases. Interactive data visualization is a collection of techniques translating data from its numeric format to graphic presentation dynamically for easy understanding and visual impact. Compared to conventional static data visualization techniques, interactive data visualization techniques allow user to self-explore the entire data set by instant slice and dice, quick switching among multiple data sources. Adjustable granularity of interactive data visualization allows for both detailed micro information and aggregated macro information displayed in a single chart. Animated transition adds extra visual impact that describes how system transits from one state to another. When applied to healthcare system, interactive visualization techniques are useful in areas such as information integration, flow or trajectory presentation and location related visualization, etc. One area both techniques intersect is location analysis. In this paper, real life case studies will be given to illustrate how these two techniques, when combined together, help in solving quantitative or qualitative location related problem, visualizing geographical information and accelerating decision making procedures.

scholarly journals Intelligent Information System for Suspicious Human Activity Detection in Day and Night

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
J L Mazher Iqbal ◽  
S. Arun
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Human Activity ◽  
Visual Information ◽  
Depth Estimation ◽  
Absolute Difference ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Thermal Camera ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Intelligent Information

The detection of human beings in a camera attracts more attention because of its wide range of applications such as abnormal event detection, person counting in a dense crowd, person identification, fall detection for care to elderly people, etc. Over the time, various techniques have evolved to enhance the visual information. This article presents a novel 3-D intelligent information system for identifying abnormal human activity using background subtraction, rectification, morphology, neural networks and depth estimation with a thermal camera and a pair of hand held Universal Serial Bus (USB) camera to visualize un-calibrated images. The proposed system detects strongest points using Speed-Up Robust Features (SURF). The Sum of Absolute Difference (SAD) algorithm match the strongest points detected by SURF. 3-D object model and image stitching from image sequences are carried out in the proposed work. A series of images captured from different cameras are stitched into a geometrically consistent mosaic either horizontally/vertically based on the image acquisition. 3-D image and depth estimation of un-calibrated stereo images are acquired using rectification and disparity. The background is separated from the scene using threshold approach. Features are extracted using morphological operators in order to get the skeleton. Junction points and end points of the skeleton image are obtained from the skeleton. Data set of abnormal human activity is created using supervised learning such as neural network with a thermal camera and a pair of webcam. The feature vector of an activity is compared with already created data set, if a match occurs the classifier detects abnormal human activity. Additionally the proposed algorithm performs depth estimation to measure real time distance of objects dynamically. The system use thermal camera, Intel computing stick, converter, video graphics array (VGA) to high-definition multimedia interface (HDMI) and webcams. The proposed novel intelligent information system gives 94% maximum accuracy and 89% minimum accuracy for different activities, thus it effectively detects suspicious activity during day and night.

The development of information interaction as a key element of state risk management and health protection

2020 ◽  
pp. 68-76
Author(s):  
S. Voronkova
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Information System ◽  
Information Interaction ◽  
New Information ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Working Age ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Working Age Population ◽  
Types Of Information

The article discusses ways to obtain information about risk factors and the health status of the population. The article describes a new information system «labor Medicine», which allows to organize the collection of a wide range of data for further analysis and application in the activities of various Executive authorities, public organizations, foundations, legal entities and citizens. It is proposed to improve this system by expanding the types of information collected, creating a passport for health promotion organizations, as well as integration with systems that are being implemented in the Russian Federation for managing the health of the working-age population in the context of state policy in the field of Informatization.

The use of intelligent agents in modeling an integrated information system of transport logistics

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 59-66
Author(s):  
Y.M. Iskanderov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Intelligent Agents ◽  
Technological Processes ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Integrated Information System ◽  
Multi Agent ◽  
Transport Logistics ◽  
Integrated Information

Aim. The use of intelligent agents in modeling an integrated information system of transport logistics makes it possible to achieve a qualitatively new level of design of control systems in supply chains. Materials and methods. The article presents an original approach that implements the possibilities of using multi-agent technologies in the interests of modeling the processes of functioning of an integrated information system of transport logistics. It is shown that the multi-agent infrastructure is actually a semantic shell of the information system, refl ecting the rules of doing business and the interaction of its participants in the supply chains. The characteristic of the model of the class of an intelligent agent, which is basic for solving problems of management of transport and technological processes, is given. Results. The procedures of functioning of the model of integration of information resources of the participants of the transport services market on the basis of intelligent agents are considered. The presented procedures provide a wide range of network interaction operations in supply chains, including traffi c and network structure “fl exible” control, mutual exchange of content and service information, as well as their distributed processing, and information security. Conclusions. The proposed approach showed that the use of intelligent agents in modeling the functioning of an integrated information system makes it possible to take into account the peculiarities of transport and technological processes in supply chains, such as the integration of heterogeneous enterprises, their distributed organization, an open dynamic structure, standardization of products, interfaces and protocols.

NEW APPROACHES TO THE ORGANIZATIONAL AND TECHNICAL SUPPORT OF THE EXAMINATION OF COMPETITIVE APPLICATIONS FOR STATE SUPPORT IN THE FORM OF GRANTS OF THE PRESIDENT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION TO YOUNG RUSSIAN SCIENTISTS – DOCTORS OF SCIENCES AND PHILOSOPHY DOCTORS (DOCTORS AND Ph. D.) AND LEADING SCIENTIFIC SCHOOLS

2020 ◽  
pp. 59-67
Author(s):  
N.A. Mironov ◽  
E.A. Maryshev ◽  
N.A. Divueva
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Technical Support ◽  
Examination System ◽  
State Support ◽  
New Approaches ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Integrated Information System ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Integrated Information

The article discusses the issues of improving the examination system of competitive applications for state support in the form of grants of the President of the Russian Federation on the basis of an integrated information system that includes the information support system of the Grants Council of the President of the Russian Federation and the information system of the Federal Roster of Scientific and Technological Experts and containing information about experts, applications and expert examination results. In order to improve the principles of transparency and openness of support programs and competition winners, to ensure the objectivity of the competitive selection of projects, a number of organizational and technical solutions are proposed in the application examination system based on an integrated information system. The new and proposed new approaches to the organizational and technical support of the examination of competitive applications for state support in the form of grants of the President of the Russian Federation to young Russian scientists made it possible, by attracting a wide range of scientific and technological communities, to conduct examination of more than five thousand applications with high quality and deadlines set by the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia.

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