Salt tolerance of the halophyte Limonium delicatulum is more associated with antioxidant enzyme activities than phenolic compounds

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (7) ◽  
pp. 607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Souid Aymen ◽  
Gabriele Morena ◽  
Longo Vincenzo ◽  
Pucci Laura ◽  
Bellani Lorenza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Photosynthetic Performance ◽  
Polyphenolic Compounds ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Antioxidant Responses ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Biochemical Assays ◽  
Nacl Concentration

In this work we studied the effect of salinity (ranging from 50 to 500 mM NaCl) on the physiological and the antioxidant responses of the local halophyte Limonium delicatulum Kuntze. We based our analysis on 12 biochemical assays that are commonly used to measure the antioxidant responses under stress such as oxidative stress markers, enzymes activities and polyphenolic compounds. Our aim was to study parameters that are strongly correlated with the growth response to salinity. Results showed two different growth responses depending on the concentration of NaCl in the medium. Under 50 to 200 mM, the growth was stimulated before it decreased significantly at 300–500 mM. L. delicatulum revealed a good aptitude to maintain photosynthetic machinery by increasing the concentrations of photosynthetic pigments, which is essential for the stabilisation of photosystems and the photosynthesis process under optimal NaCl concentration. Their breakdown at higher salinity decreased the photosynthetic performance of plants resulting in growth inhibition. Moreover, to reduce the damaging effect of oxidative stress and to tolerate the accumulation of salt ions, L. delicatulum induced the activities of their antioxidant enzymes more than their contents in polyphenolic compounds.

scholarly journals Physiochemical Studies of Sodium Chloride on Mungbean (Vigna radiataL. Wilczek) and Its Possible Recovery with Spermine and Gibberellic Acid

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srijita Ghosh ◽  
Sanglap Mitra ◽  
Atreyee Paul
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Oxidative Stress Marker ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Oxidative Stress Markers ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Low Concentrations

The physiological and biochemical responses to increasing NaCl concentrations, along with low concentrations of gibberellic acid or spermine, either alone or in their combination, were studied in mungbean seedlings. In the test seedlings, the root-shoot elongation, biomass production, and the chlorophyll content were significantly decreased with increasing NaCl concentrations. Salt toxicity severely affected activities of different antioxidant enzymes and oxidative stress markers. Activities of antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) increased significantly over water control. Similarly, oxidative stress markers such as proline, malondialdehyde (MDA), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) contents also increased as a result of progressive increase in salt stress. Combined application of NaCl along with low concentrations of either gibberellic acid (5 µM) or spermine (50 µM) in the test seedlings showed significant alterations, that is, drastic increase in seedling elongation, increased biomass production, increased chlorophyll content, and significant lowering in all the antioxidant enzyme activities as well as oxidative stress marker contents in comparison to salt treated test seedlings, leading to better growth and metabolism. Our study shows that low concentrations of either gibberellic acid or spermine will be able to overcome the toxic effects of NaCl stress in mungbean seedlings.

scholarly journals Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants in Athletes Undertaking Regular Exercise Training

2005 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trent A. Watson ◽  
Lesley K. MacDonald-Wicks ◽  
Manohar L. Garg
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Defenses ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Regular Exercise ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Β Carotene

Exercise has been shown to increase the production of reactive oxygen species to a point that can exceed antioxidant defenses to cause oxidative stress. Dietary intake of antioxidants, physical activity levels, various antioxidants and oxidative stress markers were examined in 20 exercise-trained “athletes” and 20 age- and sex-matched sedentary “controls.” Plasma F2-isoprostanes, antioxidant enzyme activities, and uric acid levels were similar in athletes and sedentary controls. Plasma α-tocopherol and β-carotene were higher in athletes compared with sedentary controls. Total antioxidant capacity tended to be lower in athletes, with a significant difference between male athletes and male controls. Dietary intakes of antioxidants were also similar between groups and well above recommended dietary intakes for Australians. These findings suggest that athletes who consume a diet rich in antioxidants have elevated plasma α-tocopherol and β-carotene that were likely to be brought about by adaptive processes resulting from regular exercise.

scholarly journals Responses to Salinity in Four Plantago Species from Tunisia

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1392
Author(s):  
Hela Belhaj Ltaeif ◽  
Anis Sakhraoui ◽  
Sara González-Orenga ◽  
Anbu Landa Faz ◽  
Monica Boscaiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Plantago Ovata ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
As Species ◽  
Nacl Concentration ◽  
Antioxidant Metabolites ◽  
Mechanisms Of Salt Tolerance

The genus Plantago is particularly interesting for studying the mechanisms of salt tolerance in plants, as it includes both halophytes and glycophytes, as well as species adapted to xeric environments. In this study, the salt stress responses of two halophytes, P. crassifolia and P. coronopus, were compared with those of two glycophytes, P. ovata and P. afra. Plants obtained by seed germination of the four species, collected in different regions of Tunisia, were subjected to increasing salinity treatments for one month under greenhouse conditions. Morphological traits and biochemical parameters, such as ion accumulation and the leaf contents of photosynthetic pigments, osmolytes, oxidative stress markers and antioxidant metabolites, were measured after the treatments. Salt-induced growth inhibition was more pronounced in P. afra, and only plants subjected to the lowest applied NaCl concentration (200 mM) survived until the end of the treatments. The biochemical responses were different in the two groups of plants; the halophytes accumulated higher Na+ and proline concentrations, whereas MDA levels in their leaves decreased, indicating a lower level of oxidative stress. Overall, the results showed that P. coronopus and P. crassifolia are the most tolerant to salt stress, and P. afra is the most susceptible of the four species. Plantago ovata is also quite resistant, apparently by using specific mechanisms of tolerance that are more efficient than in the halophytes, such as a less pronounced inhibition of photosynthesis, the accumulation of higher levels of Cl− ions in the leaves, or the activation of K+ uptake and transport to the aerial part under high salinity conditions.

scholarly journals Gastroprotective and Antioxidative Effects of the Traditional Thai Polyherbal Formula Phy-Blica-D against Ethanol-Induced Gastric Ulcers in Rats

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 172
Author(s):  
Sineenart Sanpinit ◽  
Piriya Chonsut ◽  
Chuchard Punsawad ◽  
Palika Wetchakul
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Gastric Ulcers ◽  
Vehicle Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Ulcer Area ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Antioxidative Effects

Phy-Blica-D is a traditional Thai polyherbal formula that has reduced oxidative stress in non-communicable diseases. However, evidence supporting the gastroprotective effects of Phy-Blica-D has not been previously reported. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the gastroprotective effects of Phy-Blica-D against gastric ulcers in rats and investigate the potential underlying mechanism. To estimate the possible mechanisms of action, we examined the levels of oxidative stress markers, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA), as well as antioxidant enzymes, including catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione (GSH). According to our results, rats treated with only 80% ethanol (vehicle group) exhibited significant increases in their ulcer area and ulcer index (UI). Moreover, the levels of ROS and MDA markedly increased in the vehicle group compared with the normal control group. Daily oral administration of Phy-Blica-D (500 and 1000 mg/kg) for 7 days not only significantly decreased the ulcer area and UI, but also remarkably decreased the ROS and MDA levels in gastric tissue. Gastric ulcers induced by ethanol had significantly decreased antioxidant enzyme activities (CAT and SOD) and non-enzymatic antioxidant (GSH), whereas pretreatment with Phy-Blica-D significantly improved the activities of CAT, SOD, and GSH. Moreover, after exposure to ethanol, the rats exhibited a significantly increased level of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), which was reduced after treatment with Phy-Blica-D. These findings suggest that Phy-Blica-D potentially exerts its gastroprotective effects by suppressing oxidative stress and stimulating antioxidant enzymes, which is one of the causes of destruction of cell membranes, and it is involved in the pathogenesis of acute gastric ulcers induced by ethanol.

scholarly journals Increased Oxidative Stress Markers in Subjects Occupationally Exposed to Heavy Metals May Be Due to Poor Antioxidant Responses to Stressors

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 184
Author(s):  
Okonkwo Francis Obiora ◽  
Benjamin Danladi ◽  
Bege Jonathan ◽  
Uzonu Ikenna Ugonna ◽  
John Barnabas Nvau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Oxidative Stress Markers ◽  
Antioxidant Responses ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Occupationally Exposed

scholarly journals HEPATOPROTECTIVE ACTION OF AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF Artemisia pallens lEAVES IN CLOFIBRATE AND PHENOL TREATED FRESHWATER FISH Pangasius Sp.

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-78
Author(s):  
B. Vijaya Geetha ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cortisol Level ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Fish Model ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Source Determination ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Artemisia Pallens

Aim: The key motive was to investigate the toxicological upshot of clofibrate and phenol prescribed under human medicine, having potential in water and sediments contamination via input from sewage treatment plants as active pharmaceutical ingredients’ discharge into the environment had kindled present catastrophic effects upon the aquatic ecosystem. Methods: The present study involved, exposing the fish model, Pangasius sp. after acclimatizing them at a suitable LC50 concentration of selective drugs. Their toxic effects were studied in terms of oxidative stress markers, antioxidant status, and protein damage levels in the occupancies under the bioremediation source, Artemisia pallens and further supported by histopathological and cortisol level studies. Results: The results’ comparison between fish maintained under the bioremediation source, when exposed to clofibrate and phenol resulted in severe oxidative stress (significant *P<0.001, #P<0.001) with significant alterations in antioxidant enzyme activities (significant *P<0.001, #P<0.001), histopathological changes and cortisol levels. In the fish exposed to clofibrate and phenol, the significant increase in cortisol level (significant *P<0.05, #P<0.05) may confer distinctive effects on the cell survival by protecting against oxidative stress-induced changes. Conclusion: Since these results varied with the dwelling of the bioremediation source, determination of oxidative stress biomarkers in Pangasius along with Artemisia pallens may serve as a convenient approach for pollution biomonitoring.

Brain antioxidant responses to acute iron and copper intoxications in rats

Metallomics ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 2083-2089 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jimena Semprine ◽  
Nidia Ferrarotti ◽  
Rosario Musacco-Sebio ◽  
Christian Saporito-Magriñá ◽  
Julián Fuda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Antioxidant System ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Responses

The response of brain antioxidant system to the oxidative stress following Fe and Cu overloads involves: antioxidant consumption and an adaptive increase in antioxidant enzyme activities and protein expression.

Oxidative stress markers in women with polycystic ovary syndrome without insulin resistance

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reveka Gyftaki ◽  
Sofia Gougoura ◽  
Nikolaos Kalogeris ◽  
Vasiliki Loi ◽  
George Koukoulis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Oxidative Stress Markers ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Stress Markers
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