scholarly journals Endophytes and the microbial genetics of traditional medicines

2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Kristin I Miller ◽  
Shane D Ingrey ◽  
Alfonsus Alvin ◽  
Man Yuen Daniel Sze ◽  
Basil D Roufogalis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Microbial Genetics ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Australian Aboriginal ◽  
Healthcare Needs ◽  
Culturally Based

Traditional medicine continues to play an essential role in the healthcare systems of many cultures. In some Asian and African countries up to 80% of the population depend on these ancient and culturally based medicinal practices for their primary healthcare needs. Plants and their derived natural products are frequently employed as traditional medicine and such plants are viewed as attractive targets for the discovery of novel therapeutic agents in natural product investigations. A variety of useful drugs has been discovered following the investigation of traditional herbs, such as morphine (analgesic), digitoxin (cariotonic) and ephedrine (sympathomimetic). These ethnopharmacology approaches to drug discovery are based on the premise that plants used as traditional medicines have shown some form of bioactivity and have the increased likelihood of containing bioactive compounds in comparison to plants selected at random. Three systems of traditional medicine that are relevant to Australian drug discovery researchers include the Chinese, Australian Aboriginal and Indonesian systems.

Traditional medicine poisoning in Zimbabwe: clinical presentation and management in adults

2002 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 579-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Tagwireyi ◽  
D E Ball ◽  
C F B Nhachi
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Therapeutic Modality ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Referral Hospitals

Traditional medicines (TMs) have been reported as major causes of hospital admissions in some African countries including Zimbabwe. There is, however, still a paucity of information with regards to their clinical presentations. We carried out a retrospective case series of all cases of traditional medicine poisoning (TMP) at eight main referral hospitals in Zimbabwe (January 1998–December 1999 inclusive) to describe the most common signs and symptoms, reasons for, and management of TMP in adults. Where the reasons for taking the TM were known, most cases had taken the medicine for either abdominal pains or aphrodisiac purposes. Nonspecific adverse effects including vomiting, abdominal pains, and diarrhoea were the most commonly encountered. A large proportion of patients with TMP also suffered from genito-urinary tract adverse outcomes especially haematuria and dysuria. Intravenous fluids were the most commonly employed therapeutic modality for TMP, probably in an effort to dilute or increase excretion of the toxins. Further research is required to elucidate the toxic components responsible for the observed ill effects and whether these effects are due to the medicines themselves or to co-existing illnesses.

scholarly journals Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude, and Utilization of Traditional Medicine among the Communities of Debre Tabor Town, Amhara Regional State, North Central Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tezera Jemere Aragaw ◽  
Dessie Tegegne Afework ◽  
Kefyalew Ayalew Getahun
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Healthcare Needs ◽  
Debre Tabor

Background. Traditional medicine is used by about 80% of the Ethiopian people to meet their healthcare needs. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of the community on traditional medicine in Debre Tabor town. Methods. A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out from November 1, 2018, to December 30, 2018, with a face-to-face interview method and involved 402 participants recruited by systematic random sampling technique. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. The association of independent and dependent variables was determined by binary logistic regression. Results. Among the participants, 294 (73.13%) were females and 108 (26.87%) were males. The ages of participants ranged from 18 to 80 (mean age of the participants was 35.73 ± 0.59 years). Above three-fourths, 322 (80.1%) of the participants had good knowledge. 158 (39.3%) of the participants had a good attitude and 145 (36.1%) of the participants used traditional medicines in their lifetime for different ailments. From all the participants who use traditional medicine, 41 (28.3%) encountered minor adverse effects. Conclusions. The study participants in Debre Tabor have good knowledge but poor attitude and utilization of traditional medicine.

Level of use and public awareness in consumption of traditional medicines in work area of Health Center Gombong I

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 26-31
Author(s):  
Naelaz Zukhruf Wakhidatul Kiromah ◽  
Tri Cahyani Widiastuti
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Urban Communities ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Work Area ◽  
Level Of Use ◽  
Minor Ailments

Indonesia has 20,000 types of plants where 300 species have been used as traditional medicines. The use of traditional medicine as an alternative treatment in Indonesia that has been used by both rural and urban communities. The use of traditional medicine is considered safer than modern medicine. The purpose of this study was to identify the level of use of traditional medicine and public awareness in the use of traditional medicine in work area of  Health Center Gombong 1 which consists of 5 villages. This research is a non-experimental and descriptive research that uses a questionnaire. Respondents who participated in this study were 140 people. The characteristics of respondents who participated in this study were the majority of men (50,71%), last educated of elementary school (41,43%), as housewives (27,86%). The majority of people in work area of Health Center Gombong choose treatment with modern medicine (64,29%). In addition there are 35,71% using traditional medicine and the majority use rhizome species (46%) for the treatment of minor ailments. In this study also showed that the majority of people do not know the safety of traditional medicines (50%) due to lack of information so that information is needed on the benefits and safety and the use of good and appropriate traditional medicines.

Medicinal Chemistry of Alternative Therapeutics: Novelty and Hopes with Genus Ammannia

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 784-794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harish C. Upadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
World Health ◽  
Biologically Relevant ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Drug Molecules ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Pharmacologically Active ◽  
Herbal Formulations

The plants have formed the basis of folklore remedy since the beginning of human civilization. The cumulative human endeavor and experience over a period of thousands of years developed into well to organize traditional medicine systems viz. Ayurvedic, Unani, Chinese amongst others. Across the world, traditional medicine is either the mainstay of health care or serves as a complement to modern drugs. In view of worldwide use of traditional medicines, World Health Organization launched ‘WHO-Traditional Medicine Strategy 2014-2023’ for the development of strong policies regarding knowledge-base, safety, quality-control and effectiveness of traditional/alternative therapeutics for national health systems. Besides their use in traditional medicine, plants have always been a good source of modern drug/pharmacologically active molecules. More than half of the modern pharmaceuticals are either plant isolates or their derivatives. The plant-based drugs are not only effective, but have better compatibility with human biological systems because of more biologically relevant chemistry, hence lesser side effects. Some of the species of genus Ammannia (Lythraceae) have been reported for their magical medicinal values. Many herbal formulations containing Ammannia spp. have been patented for treatment of serious diseases/disorders like cancer, spinal disease, human female infertility, chronic tonsillitis, pelvic inflammatory disease, treatment of bladder stones, urinary tract infections, dermatitis etc. The uses of Ammannia spp. in traditional medicine have been further verified by the biological activities of their extracts as well as isolation of bioactive phytomolecules. The current review provides details about Ammannia spp.; its use in folklore remedy, herbal formulations, biological activities of extracts, isolation of bioactive phytomolecules and SAR study of semi-synthetic derivatives to analyze the possibility of new drug molecules of plant origin.

scholarly journals Factors associated with parental traditional medicine use for children in Fagita Lekoma Woreda Northwest Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 205031212097800
Author(s):  
Damtew Asrat ◽  
Atsede Alle ◽  
Bekalu Kebede ◽  
Bekalu Dessie
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Medicine Use ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Factors Associated

Background: Over the last 100 years, the development and mass production of chemically synthesized drugs have revolutionized health care in most parts of the world. However, large sections of the population in developing countries still depend on traditional medicines for their primary health care needs. More than 88% of Ethiopian parents use different forms of traditional medicine for their children. Therefore, this study aimed to determine factors associated with parental traditional medicine use for children in Fagita Lekoma Woreda. Method: Community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 1 to 30 March 2019 in Fagita Lekoma Woreda. Data collection tool was a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to present the data. Odds ratio and binary and multiple logistic regression analysis were used to measure the relationship between dependent and independent variables. Results: Among 858 participants, 71% of parents had used traditional medicine for their children within the last 12 months. Parents who cannot read and write (adjusted odds ratio = 6.42, 95% confidence interval = 2.1–19.7), parents with low monthly income (adjusted odds ratio = 4.38, 95% confidence interval = 1.58–12.1), and those who had accesses to traditional medicine (adjusted odds ratio = 2.21, 95% confidence interval = 1.23–3.98) were more likely to use traditional medicine for their children. Urban residents (adjusted odds ratio = 0.20, 95% confidence interval = 0.11–0.38) and members of community-based health insurance (adjusted odds ratio = 0.421, 95% confidence interval = 0.211–0.84) were less likely to use traditional medicine for their children. Conclusions: Our study revealed that the prevalence of traditional medicine remains high. Educational status, monthly income, residence, accessibility to traditional medicine, and being a member of community-based health insurance were predictors of potential traditional medicine use. Therefore, the integration of traditional medicine with modern medicine should be strengthened. Community education and further study on efficacy and safety of traditional medicines should be also given great attention.

scholarly journals HISTORY OF INDIAN TRADITIONAL MEDICINE: A MEDICAL INHERITANCE.

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Partha Pradip Adhikari ◽  
Satya Bhusan Paul
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Web Search ◽  
Care Service ◽  
Health Care Service ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Regional Effects ◽  
Practice Of Medicine ◽  
History Of ◽  
Traditional Approaches

 Objective: Indian Traditional Medicine, the foundation of age-old practice of medicine in the world, has played an essential role in human health care service and welfare from its inception. Likewise, all traditional medicines are of its own regional effects and dominant in the West Asian nations; India, Pakistan, Tibet, and so forth, East Asian nations; China, Korea, Japan, Vietnam, and so forth, Africa, South and Central America. This article is an attempt to illuminate Indian traditional medical service and its importance, based on recent methodical reviews.Methods: Web search engines for example; Google, Science Direct and Google Scholar were employed for reviews as well as for meta-analysis.Results: There is a long running debate between individuals, who utilize Indian Traditional Medicines for different ailments and disorders, and the individuals who depend on the present day; modern medicine for cure. The civil argument between modern medicine and traditional medicines comes down to a basic truth; each person, regardless of education or sickness, ought to be educated about the actualities concerning their illness and the associated side effects of medicines. Therapeutic knowledge of Indian traditional medicine has propelled various traditional approaches with similar or different theories and methodologies, which are of regional significance.Conclusion: To extend research exercises on Indian Traditional Medicine, in near future, and to explore the phytochemicals; the current review will help the investigators involved in traditional medicinal pursuit.

scholarly journals Reptiles sold as traditional medicine in Xipamanine and Xiquelene Markets (Maputo, Mozambique)

2016 ◽  
Vol Volume 112 (Number 7/8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivienne L. Williams ◽  
Thibedi J. Moshoeu ◽  
Graham J. Alexander ◽  
◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
International Trade ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Domestic Trade ◽  
Reptile Species

Abstract Zootherapy plays a role in healing practices in Mozambican society. Although several studies have focused on ethnobotany and traditional medicine in the country, little research has been conducted on the use of reptiles in zootherapy. The aim of this study was therefore to fill this gap by assessing the reptile species traded for traditional medicine in the Xipamanine and Xiquelene Markets in Maputo, Mozambique. We found that few reptile species are traded domestically for traditional medicine and that their use appears to be in decline in Mozambique. Our findings also suggest that the domestic trade of reptiles for traditional medicines in Maputo markets is unlikely to have a significant impact on the conservation of reptiles in Mozambique. However, we suggest that international trade with South Africa is likely having a larger impact, given observations of Mozambican nationals selling a diverse range of fauna in urban traditional medicine markets in Johannesburg and Durban.

scholarly journals PEDIATRIC MANIFESTATION OF IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME AND AYURVEDIC MANAGEMENT: A CASE REPORT

2021 ◽  
pp. 89-93
Author(s):  
Deepak S. Khawale ◽  
Sudha Singh ◽  
Varsha N. Sane
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Complete Relief ◽  
The Past ◽  
Frequent Episodes ◽  
Significant Burden ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Combined Interventions

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common and bothersome disorder in children with an increasing prevalence noted during the past two decades. It has a significant effect on the lives of affected children and their parents and poses a significant burden on healthcare systems. As the patho-physiology of IBS is multifactorial It is difficult to overcome the therapeutic demand of childhood IBS using the same conventional therapeutic agents. The treatment trials are still going on to understand the paediatric IBS and currently focusing on multiple combined interventions in modern science. Background: A 14 years old male patient came to OPD (29/02/2020) having complaint of frequent abdominal pain with increased frequency of motion along with visible mucus discharge whole day since 15 days with frequent episodes since last 2 years. Methodology: In Ayurveda this problem comes under Jatharagni dusti and the present case has been successfully treated as per treatment regimen of Grahani chikitsa. Result: The complete relief has been seen in 6 weeks.

scholarly journals Modern Approaches in the Discovery and Development of Plant-Based Natural Products and Their Analogues as Potential Therapeutic Agents

Molecules ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 349
Author(s):  
Asim Najmi ◽  
Sadique A. Javed ◽  
Mohammed Al Bratty ◽  
Hassan A. Alhazmi
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Natural Product ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Throughput Capacity ◽  
Scientific Interest ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Natural Sources ◽  
Discovery Research ◽  
Drug Discovery Research

Natural products represents an important source of new lead compounds in drug discovery research. Several drugs currently used as therapeutic agents have been developed from natural sources; plant sources are specifically important. In the past few decades, pharmaceutical companies demonstrated insignificant attention towards natural product drug discovery, mainly due to its intrinsic complexity. Recently, technological advancements greatly helped to address the challenges and resulted in the revived scientific interest in drug discovery from natural sources. This review provides a comprehensive overview of various approaches used in the selection, authentication, extraction/isolation, biological screening, and analogue development through the application of modern drug-development principles of plant-based natural products. Main focus is given to the bioactivity-guided fractionation approach along with associated challenges and major advancements. A brief outline of historical development in natural product drug discovery and a snapshot of the prominent natural drugs developed in the last few decades are also presented. The researcher’s opinions indicated that an integrated interdisciplinary approach utilizing technological advances is necessary for the successful development of natural products. These involve the application of efficient selection method, well-designed extraction/isolation procedure, advanced structure elucidation techniques, and bioassays with a high-throughput capacity to establish druggability and patentability of phyto-compounds. A number of modern approaches including molecular modeling, virtual screening, natural product library, and database mining are being used for improving natural product drug discovery research. Renewed scientific interest and recent research trends in natural product drug discovery clearly indicated that natural products will play important role in the future development of new therapeutic drugs and it is also anticipated that efficient application of new approaches will further improve the drug discovery campaign.

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