Perceived stigma and social risk of HIV testing and disclosure among Iranian-Australians living in the Sydney metropolitan area

Sexual Health ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Hosseinzadeh ◽  
Syeda Zakia Hossain ◽  
Shahrzad Bazargan-Hejazi
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Social Risk ◽  
Perceived Stigma ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Aids Stigma ◽  
The Social ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Hiv Aids

Background Fear of being stigmatised is a major social risk for seeking help in the HIV/AIDS arena. However, little is known about the social perceptions that people hold about the disease. This study explores the level of perceived stigma and its effect on the social risk of HIV testing and disclosure among Iranian-Australians immigrants living in the Sydney metropolitan area. Methods: A total of 236 Iranian-Australians immigrants aged 20–65 years participated in this cross-sectional study. Results: The majority of respondents (73.3%) perceived that HIV-infected people face a great deal of or some stigma. Participants were concerned about being stigmatised if they tested positive or were known to be HIV-positive in the future. A significant majority expressed that such concerns would affect their decision-making related to HIV testing and disclosure. Females were more likely to perceive HIV/AIDS stigma. Multiple regression analyses showed that perceived HIV/AIDS stigma could explain 28.6% of the variance in social risk of HIV testing and disclosure (B = 0.89, β = 0.53, P < 0.0001) and 24.6% of the variance in decision-making related to HIV testing and disclosure (B = 0.62, β = 0.49, P < 0.0001) after controlling for sociodemographic factors. Time since migration (predictive power of 4.8–6.78%) strongly influenced the associations. Conclusions: If social stigma is left unaddressed, individuals would be reluctant to undertake HIV testing or disclose their HIV status if tested positive. Further attempts are needed to change the current social construction of HIV/AIDS among Iranians-Australians living in Sydney.

scholarly journals Incentives and barriers to HIV testing in men who have sex with men in a metropolitan area in Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Valéria Freire Gonçalves ◽  
Ligia Regina Franco Sansigolo Kerr ◽  
Rosa Salani Mota ◽  
Raimunda Hermelinda Maia Macena ◽  
Rosa Lívia de Almeida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Respondent Driven Sampling ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Personal Network ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sex With Men

Abstract: This study aimed to identify incentives and barriers to HIV testing in men who have sex with men (MSM). This was a cross-sectional study of MSM who had lived at least three months in greater metropolitan Fortaleza, Ceará State, Brazil, 2010. The study recruited 391 men ≥ 18 years of age who reported sexual relations with men in the previous six months, using Respondent Driven Sampling. Personal network and socio-demographic data were collected and HIV testing was offered, analyzed with RDSAT 6.0 and Stata 11.0. The majority were young (40.3%), had 5 to 11 years of schooling (57.3%), were single (85.1%), had low income (37.6%), and 58.1% had tested for HIV some time in life. Incentive to test: certainty of not being infected (34.1%) and the exposure to national campaign Fique Sabendo [Know your Status] (34%). Barriers: trust in partner(s) (21%) and fear of discrimination if tested positive (20.3%). Policies should be developed to ensure test confidentiality and communication campaigns focusing on information gaps and encouragement for testing.

scholarly journals SOCIAL MEDIA’S OFFICIAL DESTINATION PROMO VIDEOS AND COUNTRY IMAGE INFLUENCING VISITING INTENTION TO RISKY DESTINATIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 02`-16
Author(s):  
Dyuty Firoz
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Information Sources ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Country Image ◽  
Promotion Strategy ◽  
The Social ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Travel Decision

Social media destination promo videos (DPVs), are among the most important information sources of travel decision-making for their interactive and sharing features, and outstanding destination promotion strategy. Country image is also another important factor for travel decision-making. This study’s purpose is to assess whether the social media DPVs like DMOs’ promo videos and country image have any impact on visiting intentions towards risky destinations. A quantitative method was used for this study. Data was collected by online questionnaires, and 609 valid responses were considered for the analysis of the study. The results showed that the country's image positively influences the attitude of young tourists towards the country and that attention towards the promo videos positively influences young tourists’ overall emotions, attitudes, social norms, interests, desires and behaviours toward visiting a risky destination. This study results would be beneficial for those who are interested in using social media DPVs as part of their destination-promotion strategy, and also can guide destination-marketers to monitor and create better destination promotional contents in social media platforms, to encourage tourism to the destinations, especially risky ones.

scholarly journals Acceptance and utilization of HIV testing among the youth: a cross-sectional study in Techiman, Ghana

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-149
Author(s):  
Bernard YA Asare ◽  
Henrietta Y Yeboaa ◽  
Bismark Dwumfour-Asare
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hiv Screening ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Awareness Campaign ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Prevention Of Hiv ◽  
Structured Questionnaire ◽  
Hiv Aids

Background: In Ghana, efforts including ‘Know Your Status’ campaign have been made to increase awareness and improve the uptake of HIV screening. Objective: This study examined the acceptance and utilization of the HIV/AIDS ‘Know Your Status’ campaign and determine dthe differences in HIV testing by demographic characteristics among the youth in Techiman, Ghana. Method: This study was a cross-sectional study conducted among the youth aged 15-24 years. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 200 purposively selected respondents. Results: The mean age of the respondents was 19.6±2.72 years. There was a universal awareness (100%) of HIV/AIDs, and were knowledgeable about the mode of transmission, symptoms and the prevention of HIV. A high proportion of the respon- dents (n=161, 80.5%) had heard about the ‘Know Your Status’ (KYS) campaign. Less than half of respondents (n=91, 45.5%) had tested for HIV, and only 16.5% (n=15/91) of respondents tested through the KYS campaign. Testing for HIV was associ- ated with age (p<0.001) and marital status (p<0.001). Conclusion: The youth should therefore be targeted in the awareness and the ‘Know Your Status campaigns’, and in an effort- sto promote screening for HIV. Keywords: Awareness; campaign; knowledge; HIV/AIDS; know your status; screening.

scholarly journals Barriers to Acceptance of Provider-Initiated Testing and Counseling among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Shenyang, China: A Cross-Sectional Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qinghai Hu ◽  
Junjie Xu ◽  
Zhenxing Chu ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Ke Yun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Model ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Aids Knowledge ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Testing And Counseling ◽  
Hiv Aids

A high prevalence of HIV infection is present among men who have sex with men (MSM) in China, but many people living with HIV or AIDS (PLWHs) are unaware of their HIV infection status. Provider-initiated HIV testing and counseling (PITC) is a streamlined model that can significantly enhance HIV detection and detect infections earlier. However, PITC has not yet been widely applied, and no studies have been conducted on MSM’s attitudes towards PITC in China. In this study, a total of 438 MSM were recruited in Shenyang city. A multivariate logistic regression model showed that certain conditions made MSM more accepting of PITC: those who had attended VCT (voluntary counseling and testing) more than three times (odds ratio [OR]: 2.95, 95% CI: 1.36–6.37), those who considered PITC beneficial for family and friends (OR: 1.91, 95% CI: 1.25–2.92), those who obtained HIV/AIDS knowledge from brochures (OR: 2.52, 95% CI: 1.64–3.87), those who obtained HIV/AIDS knowledge from the Internet (OR: 1.66, 95% CI: 1.07–2.58), and those who were highly aware of their own risk of being infected with HIV (OR: 2.84, 95% CI: 1.37–5.91). To improve acceptance of PITC among MSM in China, stronger efforts are needed to lower the psychosocial barriers to receiving PITC, to promote HIV/AIDS awareness, and to encourage the extension of HIV testing.

Suporte organizacional como fator determinante do impacto de treinamento na prática do profissional de enfermagem

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 609
Author(s):  
Mirela Borges ◽  
Sergio José Nicoletti
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Organizational Support ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Nutritional Therapy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Training Support ◽  
The Social ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTObjectives: to describe, in the perception of nurses, the impact of a Nutritional Support training on the job and Identify the correlations between support organizational support to the transfer and characteristics of customers with the impact of training in the work of nurses. Method: it’s a nature quantitative research, a cross-sectional, correlacional and descriptive study. The data was collected by means a questionnaire asked to 114 nursing professionals. The data was stored and analyzed using the program Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, being carried out analyses descriptive and relevant to study. Results: more than 50% of trainees agreed have a positive impact of training support nutrition at work. The impact of training in nutritional therapy of nursing was significantly correlated with the support organizational (r=0,64, p=0,00). Conclusion: the higher the support of the Organization to training, the higher the positive impact on the work of trainees. Descriptors: organizational support; education; nursing; job training.RESUMOObjetivos: descrever, na percepção dos profissionais de enfermagem, o impacto do treinamento admissional em Suporte Nutricional no trabalho e identificar as correlações entre Suporte Organizacional, Suporte à Transferência e Características da Clientela com o impacto do treinamento no trabalho dos profissionais de enfermagem. Método: pesquisa de natureza quantitativa, onde se realizou um estudo transversal, correlacional e descritivo. Os dados foram obtidos mediante questionário aplicado a 114 profissionais de enfermagem, armazenados e analisados utilizando-se do programa Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (versão 13.0), cujas análises foram descritivas e inferenciais. Resultados: mais de 50% dos treinandos concordaram ter um impacto positivo do treinamento Suporte Nutricional no trabalho. O Impacto do treinamento em terapia nutricional no trabalho da equipe de enfermagem esteve significativamente correlacionado com o Suporte Organizacional (r=0,64, p=0,00). Conclusão: conclui-se que, quanto maior o Suporte de Transferência e o Suporte Organizacional maior foi o Impacto do treinamento no trabalho. Descritores: suporte organizacional; educação; enfermagem; capacitação profissional.RESUMENObjetivo: describir, en la percepción de las enfermerías, el impacto de la capacitación en apoyo nutricional en el lugar de trabajo y determinar las correlaciones entre el apoyo organizativo, apoyo del la transferencia y las características del cliente con el impacto de la capacitación en el trabajo de las enfermerías. Métodos: investigación de carácter cuantitativo, donde há sido hecho un estudio transversal, descriptivo y correlacional. Los datos fueron obtenidos mediante un cuestionario aplicado a 114 profesionales de enfermería. Los datos fueron almacenados y analizados utilizando el programa Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, y se lleva a cabo el análisis descriptivo e inferencial de interés para el estudio. Resultados: más del 50% de los alunos de acuerdo a tener un impacto positivo de apoyo nutricional de formación en el trabajo. El impacto de la formación en la terapia nutricional en el trabajo del personal de enfermería fue significativamente correlacionado con el apoyo organizativo (r=0,64, p=0,00). Conclusión: en conclusión, cuanto mayor sea el apoyo a la transferencia y el apoyo organizativo fue el mayor impacto de la formación en el trabajo. Descriptores: apoyo organizativo; educación; enfermería; capacitación profesional.

scholarly journals Faktor Personal dan Sikap Teman mengenai Tindakan Pencegahan Dampak Penularan HIV/AIDS dengan Stigma Mahasiswa Terhadap Orang dengan HIV/AIDS (ODHA)

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-194
Author(s):  
Rossida Kusuma Dewi ◽  
Tanjung Anitasari Indah Kusumaningrum ◽  
Mayang Widya Saputri ◽  
Dicha Febriyanti ◽  
Sonia Pebrianti
Keyword(s):  
Influential Factor ◽  
P Value ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Aids Stigma ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Bivariate Test ◽  
Hiv Aids

The prevention program of the impact of HIV / AIDS is a form of handling the existence of the stigma and discrimination of PLWHA. This study aims to analyze the relationship of personal factors consisting of knowledge, perceptions and attitudes of friends about prevention the impact of HIV / AIDS with the stigma of student at the PLWHA, as well as looking for the factors that most influence student stigma against people living with HIV/AIDS. This research is an analytic observational study with a cross sectional approach with a research population of all students of the 2016 and 2017 batches classes of the University in Sukoharjo, totaling 12,457 students with a sample used was 500 students with Proportional Random Sampling. The data collection was using a self administered questionnaire and the data were analyzed using the Chi-Square test in the bivariate test while the logistic regression test was used for multivariate analysis. The results of the bivariate test showed that knowledge (p value = 0,0001), perception (p value = 0,0001), and the attitudes of friends (p value = 0,0001) with stigma of students towards PLWHA with a significant level of a = 0,05. The multivariate test found that the attitude of friends is the most influential factor on student stigma in PLWHA (OR=5,627). It is necessary to provide information to students and the scope of their friendship about HIV/AIDS, as well as HIV prevention programs to reduce stigma in PLWHA.  Keywords : personal factors, friend attitude, HIV/AIDS, stigma, PLWHA

scholarly journals SOCIAL SUPPORT RELATIONSHIP WITH SELF CONCEPT IN HIV / AIDS PATIENTS

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-171
Author(s):  
Sri Sudarsih ◽  
Yusarief Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Life Goal ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
The Social ◽  
Analytic Design ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Hiv Aids

A positive self-concept in people with HIV / AIDS is needed. This is because the various problems that occur in people with HIV / AIDS both physical and psychological problems. The concept of self has the role of helping the sufferer achieve his life goal, one way that can be used is through social support from. The purpose of this research is to know the relationship of social support with self concept of HIV / AIDS patient. Independent variable is social support and dependent variable that is self concept. The design of the study used correlation analytic design with cross sectional design. The sample is 26 respondents. The sampling technique uses non probability sampling type consecutive sampling. The instrument uses a questionnaire consisting of a questionnaire to measure social support and to measure self-concept. The Stabilistic Test uses the Fisher's Exact Test. Result of research got most respondent have social support that is 15 respondent (57,7%), most of respondent have positive self concept that is 16 respondent (61,5%). The result p (0,032) and α (0,05) which means there is relationship of social support with self concept in patient of HIV / AIDS. The higher the social support the more positive the self-concept, the lower the social support will produce negative self-concept. Counseling for families about social support for people with HIV / AIDS will increase family knowledge so it is expected to develop patient self-concept.    

scholarly journals Patient autonomy in dental medical decision making – demonstrating the need for shared decision making

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mareike Benecke ◽  
Jürgen Kasper ◽  
Christoph Heesen ◽  
Nina Schäffler ◽  
Daniel Reissmann
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
General Practice ◽  
Shared Decision Making ◽  
Treatment Decisions ◽  
Medical Decision ◽  
Shared Decision ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Results

Abstract Background: Evidence-based Dentistry (EBD), decision aids, patient preferences and autonomy preferences (AP) play an important role in shared decision making (SDM) and are useful tools in the process of medical and dental decisions as well as in developing of quality criteria for decision making in many fields of health care. However, there aren’t many studies on SDM and AP in the field of dentistry. This study aimed at exploring patients’ autonomy preferences in dentistry in comparison to other medical domains. Methods: As a first step, a consecutive sample of 100 dental patients and 16 dentists was recruited at a university-based prosthodontic clinic to assess and compare patients’ and dentists’ preferences regarding their roles in dental decision making for commonly performed diagnostic and treatment decisions using the Control Preference Scale (CPS). This was followed by a cross sectional survey to study autonomy preferences in three cohorts of 100 patients each recruited from general practices, a multiple sclerosis clinic, and a university-based prosthodontic clinic . A questionnaire with combined items from the Autonomy Preference Index (API) to assess general and the CPS to assess specific preferences was used in this process. Results: Dentists were slightly less willing to deliver control than patients willing to enact autonomy. Decisions about management of tooth loss were however considered relevant for a shared decision making by both parties. Highest AP was expressed by people with multiple sclerosis, lowest by patients in dentistry (CPS means: dentistry 2.5, multiple sclerosis 2.1, general practice 2.4, p=.035). Patients analysis showed considerable differences in autonomy preferences referring to different decision types (p<.001). More autonomy was needed for treatment decisions in comparison to diagnostic decisions, for trivial compared to severe conditions, and for dental care compared to general practice (all: p<.001). Conclusion: The study results showed substantial relevance of patient participation in decision making in dentistry. Furthermore, a need has been discovered to refer to specific medical decisions instead of assessing autonomy preferences in general.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN JUMLAH KUNJUNGAN ANC DAN STIGMATISASI DENGAN KEIKUTSERTAAN IBU HAMIL DALAM TES HIV SETELAH KONSELING OLEH PETUGAS KESEHATAN (Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Turi Lamongan)

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Ponco Indah Arista Sari ◽  
Agus Sulistyono ◽  
Hari Basuki Notobroto
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Antenatal Visit ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Hiv Test ◽  
Antenatal Visits ◽  
Hiv Aids

HIV AIDS is considered as global threat due to the adverse impacts it brings to all sectors. The number of person with HIV-AIDS increases both in men and women. For pregnant women, HIV is not just a threat to the mother but also for the infant, therefore as to prevent the transmission and complication during pregnancy, screening should be made through an HIV test. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between the number ofantenatal care and stigmatization on participation of pregnant women for HIV testing after counseling by Health Workers in the working area of Turi Public Health Center, Lamongan. This study applied cross sectional study. The population in this study consisted of 80 pregnant women. Simple random sampling was chosen for Sampling Technique and it was obtained as many as 42 respondents. Data collection was done using a questionnaire and interviews. Data were analyzed using frequency distribution tables and chi square test with significance level of 5% (p = 0.05). The results revealed that from as many as 42 pregnant women who made antenatal visit > 4 times, 100% of these pregnant women did not take HIV test while pregnant women who made only 2–4 times antenatal visit was as many as 16 individuals (64%) took the test, and only one pregnant woman who took the test on the first visit. Pregnant women who did not have the stigmatization, 100% took the HIV test. Statistical analysis showed no correlation between the number of antenatal visits (p = 0.000) and stigmastization (p = 0.000) of pregnant women for HIV testing after counseling by Health Workers. It is necessary to increase the provision of information and education for the pregnant women through health promotion concerning the importance of HIV testing and antenatal visits to the Health Care.Keywords: HIV test, Number of antenatal care, Stigmatization 

scholarly journals A Decision Making Approach Based on Hesitant Fuzzy Linguistic-Valued Credibility Reasoning

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-64
Author(s):  
Xin Liu ◽  
Xiaoying Song ◽  
Wei Gao ◽  
Li Zou ◽  
Álvaro Labella Romero
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Rule Base ◽  
Social Risk ◽  
Uncertainty Reasoning ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Reasoning Process ◽  
The Social ◽  
Maximum Similarity ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Fuzzy Linguistic

Credibility reasoning has attracted a lot of attention due to its distinguished power and efficiency in representing uncertainty and vagueness within the process of reasoning and decision making. Aiming at the problem of inaccurate credibility estimation in uncertainty reasoning and making experts to express hesitant preferences better in evaluation reasoning process, this paper introduces hesitant fuzzy linguistic term set into credibility uncertainty reasoning. First, we propose hesitant fuzzy linguistic-valued credibility (HLCF), and establish the knowledge representation model of the hesitant fuzzy linguistic-valued credibility. Then, in order to solve the problem of incomplete information in the evaluation reasoning process, an information complement algorithm based on maximum similarity is constructed. After that, the algorithms of single rule and multiple rules of parallel relationship of hesitant fuzzy linguistic-valued credibility are proposed to enrich the reasoning rule base and get more accurate reasoning results. The closeness degrees between the conclusions of each alternative after reasoning and the expected value are calculated, so as to select the most suitable alternative. Finally, a practical example which concerned the social risk analysis is given to illustrate the applicability and effectiveness of the proposed approach.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document