A study of repeat-formatted repair initiations in Mandarin Chinese conversation

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-186
Author(s):  
Lihong Quan ◽  
Jinlong Ma
Keyword(s):  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Mandarin Chinese ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Epistemic Stance ◽  
Research Findings

Abstract Using the methodology of Conversation Analysis (or CA), this study examines three types of other-initiated repair initiators (henceforth OIs) that repeats some element in the trouble-source (henceforth repeats) in Chinese conversation: repeats suffixed with question particles ma (吗), repeats suffixed with question particles a (啊), and question-intonated repeats. It attempts to explore the differences between these typical formats, in terms of their forms/functions and the epistemic stance of the speaker who initiates repair. The main research findings indicate that question-intonated repeat implements an understanding check while repeat suffixed with question particles (ma or a) tends to serve different functions, in that, ma-suffixed repeat is inquiry-implicated while a-suffixed repeat contributes to constructing surprise, (dis)agreement or (dis)belief.

Inference-embedded yes/no interrogatives in Mandarin Chinese conversation

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Guo ◽  
Yaxin Wu
Keyword(s):  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Mandarin Chinese ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Epistemic Stance ◽  
State Of Affairs

In talk-in-interaction, the details of the design of a yes/no interrogative (YNI) index the speaker’s epistemic stance about the issue in question. Adopting conversation analysis as the research method, the present study examines the interactional deployment of inference-embedded YNIs in Mandarin Chinese. The analysis of the turn designs and sequential environments of these interrogatives, as well as the design of the responses to them, indicates that a sequence organisation is engendered in and through the production of inference-embedded YNIs. Since the recipient has epistemic primacy over what is questioned, the questioner’s inference embedded in YNIs may be congruent or incongruent with the recipient’s own state of affairs. In this respect, the questioner’ s inference may be right or wrong. If the recipient finds that the inference is wrong, he or she has the responsibility to execute correction of the questioner’s wrong inference. Indeed, the recipient does display his/her treatment of the inference as wrong through correction. It is through such reflexive connection between the production (action formation) and the interpretation (action ascription) of the YNI that the inference-embedded YNI is treated as a practice for projecting a correction of what is inferred to the question recipient.

THE METADIALOGUE CONCEPT IN ITS LINGUISTIC ASPECT

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 721-726
Author(s):  
Yu.V. Kupriyanova ◽  
I.M. Vasilyanova
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
Dynamic Structure ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Semantic Relations ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Linguistic Aspect

The article summarizes the key points in the development of the metadialogue phenomenon from a linguistic point of view. Some stages of the development of this concept and the difficulties associated with its structuring are covered. The main research findings of modern foreign and domestic experts on its study are considered. Some characteristics of the subject of the research from the standpoint of various pragmatic installations are given. On the basis of the dynamic structure of the metadialogue development, certain principles of semantic relations connected with the dialectical nature of human cognition are presented. Excursion into the history and evolution of the concept is presented. Several types of formulation of the subject matter are given. In accordance with the goal of speech exposure, internal problems of the development of metadialogue are highlighted and the critical points related to solving these problems are described. The rules of metadialogue flow are explained at the level of steps, the success/failure of which directly affects the final result of communication. The prospects of development of the concept research in accordance with various types of discourse are indicated.

Restrictiveness, exclusivity, adversativity, and mirativity

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Fang Wang ◽  
Mei-Chi Tsai ◽  
Wayne Schams ◽  
Chi-Ming Yang
Keyword(s):  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Mandarin Chinese ◽  
Discourse Marker ◽  
Spoken Discourse ◽  
Interactional Linguistics ◽  
English Only ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Turn Taking

Mandarin Chinese zhishi (similar to English ‘only’), comprised of the adverb zhi and the copula shi, can act as an adverb (ADV) or a discourse marker (DM). This study analyzes the role of zhishi in spoken discourse, based on the methodological and theoretical principles of interactional linguistics and conversation analysis. The corpus used in this study consists of three sets of data: 1) naturally-occurring daily conversations; 2) radio/TV interviews; and 3) TV panel discussions on current political affairs. As a whole, this study reveals that the notions of restrictiveness, exclusivity, and adversativity are closely associated with ADV zhishi and DM zhishi. In addition, the present data show that since zhishi is often used to express a ‘less than expected’ feeling, it can be used to indicate mirativity (i.e. language indicating that an utterance conveys the speaker’s surprise). The data also show that the distribution of zhishi as an adverb or discourse marker depends on turn taking systems and speech situations in spoken discourse. Specifically, the ADV zhishi tends to occur in radio/TV interviews and TV panel news discussions, while the DM zhishi occurs more often in casual conversations.

scholarly journals Introduction to special issue: the <i>TransBrom Sonne</i> expedition in the tropical West Pacific

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1401-1418 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Krüger ◽  
B. Quack
Keyword(s):  
Research Field ◽  
Biological Parameters ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Multidisciplinary Research ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Transport Pathways ◽  
West Pacific ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Scientific Results

Abstract. This special issue provides an overview of scientific results from the TransBrom Sonne expedition in the tropical West Pacific, conducted during October 2009. The ship cruise was part of the national research project TransBrom Sonne, investigating very short lived bromine compounds in the ocean and their transport pathways into the stratosphere. For this purpose chemical and biological parameters were analysed in the ocean and the atmosphere, accompanied by intense meteorological measurements, to derive more insights in this multidisciplinary research field. This introduction paper presents the scientific goals and the meteorological and oceanographic background. The main research findings of the TransBrom Sonne expedition are highlighted.

Reducing Digital Divide

2010 ◽  
pp. 212-247
Author(s):  
Anand Chand
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
Sustainable Rural Development ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
People First ◽  
The Impact

This chapter examines the role of People First Network (PFnet) services in enhancing information and communication and contributing to sustainable rural development and poverty reduction in Solomon Islands. More specifically, it examines two main issues. First, it examines the uptake and appropriation of PFnet services by rural Solomon Islanders. Second, it examines the impact of PFnet services on sustainable rural development and poverty reduction in Solomon Islands. This chapter is based on a empirical research conducted in Solomon Islands between January-May 2004. The chapter is organised as follows: Section one provides an overview of PFnet Project. Section two states the main aims of the study. Section three outlines the methodology used for the research. The Section four reports the main research findings. Section five discusses some problems and finally section six provides the conclusion.

An Open Innovation Lens on the Digital Transformation Frontiers

2020 ◽  
pp. 83-104
Author(s):  
Maryia Zaitsava ◽  
Elona Marku ◽  
Manuel Castriotta
Keyword(s):  
Open Innovation ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Intellectual Structure ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Digital Era ◽  
Research Findings

The aim of the present study is to explore Digital Transformation frontiers using the lens of Open Innovation. By implementing bibliographic coupling method, the authors bring together segmental publications from different research fields and provide a comprehensive overview of the combined Open Innovation and Digital Transformation field's intellectual structure, revealing the different groups of thoughts, influential authors, and pressing topics. The research findings illustrate, the research area has polycentric composition with absence of overlaps between articles. Five main research groups are identified: Co-evolution of Digital Technologies and Open Innovation; Digital Peer-communities; Digital Ecosystems; Knowledge Management in the Open and Digital Era; and Open Innovation, Digital Technologies, and Businesses Performance. The current research contributes both Open Innovation and Digital Transformation fields by cross-exploring each phenomenon and revealing how Digital Transformation shapes the nature of innovation as a collaborative activity as part of an independent research area.

Lone Actor Terrorism

2021 ◽  
pp. 257-267
Author(s):  
Paul Gill
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽  
Main Research ◽  
The Past ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Online Forms ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter outlines the main research findings in relation to lone actor terrorism from the past decade of work. The results are clustered across seven core themes. The authors explore (1) the heterogeneity of lone actors in terms of their sociodemographic characteristics; (2) the degree to which people within the lone actor’s social or physical space were aware of a plot developing; (3) the prevalence and forms of mental disorders within lone actor samples and how they differ from what you would expect in the general population; (4) the relationship between offline and online forms of radicalization; (5) their similarity with other forms of violent lone offenders who conduct violence in public spaces; (6) what attack planning looks like; and (7) the key role protective factors might play.

scholarly journals Intensive Short-term Dynamic Psychotherapy: A Treatment Overview and Empirical Basis

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allan Abbass ◽  
Joel M. Town ◽  
Ellen Driessen
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Process ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Unconscious ◽  
Dynamic Psychotherapy ◽  
Main Research ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Past ◽  
Character Structure ◽  
Mcgill University ◽  
Research Findings

Based on over forty years of videotaped case-based research, Habib Davanloo of McGill University, Canada, discovered some of the core ingredients that can enable direct and rapid access to the unconscious in resistant3 patients, patients with func-tional disorders, and patients with fragile character structure. We will describe here some of the main research findings that culminated in his description of a central therapeutic process involved in the intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy (ISTDP) model. We will also describe the evolution of the technique over the past thirty years and summarize the empirical base for Davanloo’s ISTDP.

scholarly journals The Neurochemistry of Autism

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa Marotta ◽  
Maria C. Risoleo ◽  
Giovanni Messina ◽  
Lucia Parisi ◽  
Marco Carotenuto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Endogenous Opioids ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Gamma Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Patterns Of Behavior ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) refers to complex neurobehavioral and neurodevelopmental conditions characterized by impaired social interaction and communication, restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior or interests, and altered sensory processing. Environmental, immunological, genetic, and epigenetic factors are implicated in the pathophysiology of autism and provoke the occurrence of neuroanatomical and neurochemical events relatively early in the development of the central nervous system. Many neurochemical pathways are involved in determining ASD; however, how these complex networks interact and cause the onset of the core symptoms of autism remains unclear. Further studies on neurochemical alterations in autism are necessary to clarify the early neurodevelopmental variations behind the enormous heterogeneity of autism spectrum disorder, and therefore lead to new approaches for the treatment and prevention of autism. In this review, we aim to delineate the state-of-the-art main research findings about the neurochemical alterations in autism etiology, and focuses on gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate, serotonin, dopamine, N-acetyl aspartate, oxytocin and arginine-vasopressin, melatonin, vitamin D, orexin, endogenous opioids, and acetylcholine. We also aim to suggest a possible related therapeutic approach that could improve the quality of ASD interventions. Over one hundred references were collected through electronic database searching in Medline and EMBASE (Ovid), Scopus (Elsevier), ERIC (Proquest), PubMed, and the Web of Science (ISI).

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