scholarly journals Relationship between alcohol and nutrient intakes and blood status indices of older people living in the UK: further analysis of data from the National Diet and Nutrition Survey of people aged 65 years and over, 1994/5

1998 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 157-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
CM Walmsley ◽  
CJ Bates ◽  
A Prentice ◽  
TJ Cole
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Older People ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Pyridoxal Phosphate ◽  
Nutrient Intakes ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Blood Concentrations ◽  
Heavy Alcohol

AbstractObjective:To examine the relationships between alcohol consumption and a range of nutrient intakes and blood status indices in older people.Design:National Diet and Nutrition Survey: cross-sectional survey of nationally representative sample of people aged 65 years or over.Setting:Mainland Britain during 1994/5.Subjects:1198 people (623 males, 575 females) aged 65 years or over, of whom 925 were living in private households and 273 were living in institutions.Results:Intermediate alcohol consumption (particularly 0.1–14 units week−1; 1 unit = 8g) derived from a 4-day diet diary or a 12-month recall questionnaire, was associated with higher intakes of vitamins C, E, B1, iron, calcium, energy from food, carbohydrate and non-starch polysaccharides than heavy alcohol consumption (28 + units week−1) or abstinence, after adjustment for a number of factors (age, sex, domicile, social class, cigarette smoking, self-reported health, grip strength and total energy intake). Intermediate alcohol consumption was also associated with higher blood concentrations (independent of intake) of vitamin C, β-cryptoxanthin, lutein and calcium, with the lowest concentrations being found in heavy alcohol users. The lowest concentrations of serum ferritin were found in light drinkers and the highest levels in heavier alcohol drinkers. Alcohol consumption ranging from 0.1 to > 28 units week−1 was directly correlated with intakes of B vitamins, total energy and fat, with blood concentrations (independent of intake) of lycopene. high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol, plasma pyridoxal phosphate and retinol, and with blood pressure and grip strength.Conclusions:Compared with abstinence and heavy drinking, light to moderate alcohol consumption in older people is associated with higher intakes of certain nutrients, and higher blood concentrations (independent of intake) of some micronutrient status indices, including antioxidants. The explanation for the latter associations remains unclear and further investigation is recommended. Heavier alcohol consumption is associated with both beneficial and adverse effects with respect to nutrient intakes and health status.

scholarly journals Relationship between cigarette smoking and nutrient intakes and blood status indices of older people living in the UK: further analysis of data from the National Diet and Nutrition Survey of people aged 65 years and over, 1994/95

1999 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
CM Walmsley ◽  
CJ Bates ◽  
A Prentice ◽  
TJ Cole
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Older People ◽  
Pyridoxal Phosphate ◽  
Serum Folate ◽  
Plasma Vitamin ◽  
Nutrient Intakes ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Micronutrient Status ◽  
Increased Risk

AbstractObjectivesTo examine the relationship between cigarette smoking and a range of nutrient intakes and blood status indices in older people.DesignNational Diet and Nutrition Survey: cross-sectional survey of nationally representative sample of people aged 65 years and over.SettingMainland Britain during 1994/95.Subjects1191 people (619 male, 572 female) aged 65 years and over, of whom 920 were living in private households and 271 were living in institutions.ResultsCigarette smoking was inversely correlated with intakes of antioxidants and other micronutrients after adjustment for age, sex and domicile. Cigarette smoking was also inversely correlated with a number of antioxidant micronutrient status indices including plasma vitamin C and the carotenoids (but not vitamin E status indices), and with other micronutrient status indices, including plasma pyridoxal phosphate, red cell and serum folate, after adjustment for age, sex, domicile and the corresponding nutrient intake. Previous cigarette smoking or cigar/pipe smoking was not generally associated with lower nutrient intakes or status indices, however, both current and previous cigarette smoking was associated with increased concentrations of acute phase indicators. Further adjustment for total energy intake and/or sociodemographic, health and drug usage variables attenuated only a few of the associations observed.ConclusionOlder people who smoke cigarettes are at increased risk of suboptimal antioxidant and other micronutrient intakes and status, but the lower intakes found in cigarette smokers only partly explain their reduced blood indices.

North-South Differences in some Indices of Vitamin B6 Nutritional Status in Older British People

1999 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 371-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pentieva ◽  
Bates ◽  
Prentice ◽  
Cole
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Older People ◽  
Pyridoxal Phosphate ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
The North ◽  
Explanatory Factors

The National Diet and Nutrition Survey, nationally representative for the British population aged 65 years and over, has revealed a north-south geographical gradient, with a decline from south to north of vitamin B6 status indices. The present study further explores the possible explanatory factors (dietary intake of vitamin B6 and riboflavin, alcohol consumption, smoking habits and some other lifestyle determinants) on the difference of vitamin B6 indices – plasma concentrations of pyridoxal phosphate (pPLP) and pyridoxic acid (pPA), between older people living in the north (Scotland, North of England) and the south (Southern England, Wales and Midlands). The results showed that older people living in the northern half of Britain are at greater risk of poor vitamin B6 status, mainly as a result of low intakes of this vitamin, than the people living in the southern half of the country. Riboflavin intake, alcohol consumption, smoking and socio-economic status also correlated with the north-south gradient of pPLP and pPA. Other potential determinants such as use of vitamin B6 supplements, medicines probably affecting vitamin B6 metabolism, were not independent correlates of the north-south gradient in vitamin B6 status indices. This may have important implications for disease-risk geographical gradients in the UK.

scholarly journals Foods prepared outside the home: association with selected nutrients and body mass index in adult Australians

2002 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 441-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cate Burns ◽  
Michelle Jackson ◽  
Carl Gibbons ◽  
Rachel M Stoney
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Nutrient Intakes ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Australian Population ◽  
Dietary Recall

AbstractObjective:To determine the proportion of energy from foods prepared outside the home (FPOH) and the relationships with energy and nutrient intakes and body mass index (BMI).Design:A nutrition survey of a representative sample of the Australian population aged 18 years and over (n = 10 863). Measure used was a 24-hour dietary recall. Underreporters (energy intake/estimated basal metabolic rate (EI/BMR) <0.9) were excluded from analysis. Daily energy and selected nutrient intakes were calculated using a 1996 nutrient composition database for all foods/beverages during the 24-hour period.Results:On average FPOH contributed a significant 13% to total energy intake. About a third of the sample had consumed FPOH in the last 24 hours and on average this group consumed a third of their total energy as FPOH. The relative contributions of fat (for men and women) and alcohol (for women) were significantly higher for those in the top tertile of FPOH consumers. The intakes of fibre and selected micronutrients (calcium, iron, zinc, folate and vitamin C) were significantly lower in this group. After adjustment for age and income no relationship between FPOH and BMI was observed.Conclusions:FPOH make a significant contribution to the energy intake of a third of the Australian population. FPOH contribute to poor nutritional intakes. Altering the supply of FPOH may be an effective means of improving diets at a population level.

An exploratory study to investigate alcohol consumption among breast-feeding mothers

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Sarah Baker ◽  
Meaghan Christian
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Higher Educational Attainment

Abstract Objective: We examined the likelihood of breast-feeding mothers consuming alcohol according to several socio-demographic factors. Design: We carried out secondary data analyses using participant information obtained from a cross-sectional survey designed to capture the dietary habits of UK infants aged 4–18 months. Setting: Data concerning breast-feeding mothers’ social and domestic circumstances and alcohol consumption were drawn from the 2011 Diet and Nutrition Survey of Infants and Young Children. Participants: Complete data from 2683 breast-feeding mothers were included, and further analyses were carried out on those who continued to drink alcohol (n 227). Results: Logistic regression enabled the identification of social factors associated with breast-feeding and continued alcohol consumption among mothers. Several social factors were found to influence the likelihood of breast-feeding mothers drinking alcohol. For example, older mothers, mothers with partners who drank alcohol, those with higher educational attainment and household income and those who consumed alcohol whilst pregnant were more likely to continue to drink alcohol. Mothers’ breast-feeding infants older than 12 months were less likely to drink alcohol than those feeding infants aged 4–6 months. Conclusions: Evidence suggests that social circumstances influence the likelihood of alcohol use among mothers who are breast-feeding. Greater understanding of mothers’ decision making with respect to the continuation or discontinuation of alcohol use whilst breast-feeding, according to the social context in which they live, is warranted.

scholarly journals Plasma pyridoxal phosphate and pyridoxic acid and their relationship to plasma homocysteine in a representative sample of British men and women aged 65 years and over

1999 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Bates ◽  
K. D. Pentieva ◽  
A. Prentice ◽  
M. A. Mansoor ◽  
S. Finch
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Pyridoxal Phosphate ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Plasma Homocysteine ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Phase Reaction ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Men And Women

Concentrations of pyridoxal phosphate and pyridoxic acid were measured in fasting plasma samples from British men and women aged 65 years and over, participating in a National Diet and Nutrition Survey during 1994–5, selected to be representative of the population of mainland Britain. In this population, the concentration of pyridoxal phosphate declined, whereas pyridoxic acid rose, with increasing age and frailty; however, both status indicators were strongly and directly (with a positive coefficient) correlated with estimates of vitamin B6intake. This was little affected by the inclusion of food energy and protein intakes in the model. Forty-eight percent of the participants living in the community and 75% of those living in institutions had plasma pyridoxal phosphate concentrations below a range considered normal from other studies. In a univariate regression model, plasma pyridoxal phosphate concentrations were inversely correlated with plasma homocysteine concentrations, consistent with the hypothesis that vitamin B6status may influence plasma homocysteine levels, and hence vascular disease risk. However, this relationship was partly attenuated in a multiple regression model including age, sex, domicile and biochemical status indices, including those of folate and vitamin B12. There was evidence that plasma pyridoxal phosphate was sensitive to metabolic conditions associated with inflammation and the acute-phase reaction, and that plasma pyridoxic acid was sensitive to renal function. Thus, neither index is an ideal predictor of vitamin B6status in older people, unless these confounding factors are allowed for. Since poor vitamin B6status may have health implications, e.g. for immune function, cognition, and for essential intermediary metabolic pathways in older people, it needs to be investigated as a possible public health problem.

scholarly journals Does the condition of the mouth and teeth affect the ability to eat certain foods, nutrient and dietary intake and nutritional status amongst older people?

2001 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 797-803 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Sheiham ◽  
J Steele
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Older People ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Number Of Teeth ◽  
Plasma Ascorbate ◽  
Chewing Ability ◽  
Natural Teeth

AbstractObjectives:To assess how the dental status of older people affected their stated ability to eat common foods, their nutrient intake and some nutrition-related blood analytes.Design:Cross-sectional survey part of nation-wide British National Diet and Nutrition Survey: people aged 65 years and older. Data from a questionnaire were linked to clinical data and data from four-day weighed dietary records. Two separate representative samples: a free-living and an institutional sample. Seven-hundred-and-fifty-three free-living and 196 institution subjects had a dental exam and interview.Results:About one in five dentate (with natural teeth) free-living people had difficulty eating raw carrots, apples, well-done steak or nuts. Foods such as nuts, apples and raw carrots could not be eaten easily by over half edentate (without natural teeth but with dentures) people in institutions. In free-living, intakes of most nutrients and fruit and vegetables were significantly lower in edentate than dentate. Perceived chewing ability increased with increasing number of teeth. Daily intake of non-starch polysaccharides, protein, calcium, non-haem iron, niacin, vitamin C and intrinsic and milk sugars were significantly lower in edentate. Plasma ascorbate and retinol were significantly lower in the edentate than dentate. Plasma ascorbate was significantly related to the number of teeth and posterior contacting pairs of teeth.Conclusions:The presence, number and distribution of natural teeth are related to the ability to eat certain foods, affecting nutrient intakes and two biochemical measures of nutritional status.

scholarly journals National Diet and Nutrition Survey: UK food consumption and nutrient intakes from the first year of the rolling programme and comparisons with previous surveys

2011 ◽  
Vol 106 (12) ◽  
pp. 1899-1914 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clare Whitton ◽  
Sonja K. Nicholson ◽  
Caireen Roberts ◽  
Celia J. Prynne ◽  
Gerda K. Pot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
First Year ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Nutrient Intakes ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Daily Food ◽  
Total Fat ◽  
The Uk

The National Diet and Nutrition Survey (NDNS) is a cross-sectional survey designed to gather data representative of the UK population on food consumption, nutrient intakes and nutritional status. The objectives of the present paper were to identify and describe food consumption and nutrient intakes in the UK from the first year of the NDNS rolling programme (2008–09) and compare these with the 2000–01 NDNS of adults aged 19–64 years and the 1997 NDNS of young people aged 4–18 years. Differences in median daily food consumption and nutrient intakes between the surveys were compared by sex and age group (4–10 years, 11–18 years and 19–64 years). There were no changes in energy, total fat or carbohydrate intakes between the surveys. Children aged 4–10 years had significantly lower consumption of soft drinks (not low calorie), crisps and savoury snacks and chocolate confectionery in 2008–09 than in 1997 (all P < 0·0001). The percentage contribution of non-milk extrinsic sugars to food energy was also significantly lower than in 1997 in children aged 4–10 years (P < 0·0001), contributing 13·7–14·6 % in 2008–09 compared with 16·8 % in 1997. These changes were not as marked in older children and there were no changes in these foods and nutrients in adults. There was still a substantial proportion (46 %) of girls aged 11–18 years and women aged 19–64 years (21 %) with mean daily Fe intakes below the lower reference nutrient intake. Since previous surveys there have been some positive changes in intakes especially in younger children. However, further attention is required in other groups, in particular adolescent girls.

scholarly journals Coronary deaths during Midsummer festival in Finland: miseries of long, light nights

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simo Näyhä
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Negative Binomial Regression ◽  
Adverse Consequence ◽  
Heavy Alcohol ◽  
Summer Peak ◽  
Binomial Regression ◽  
Heavy Alcohol Consumption

AbstractThis paper examines whether the anomalous summer peak in deaths from coronary heart disease (CHD) in Finland could be attributed to adverse effects of the Midsummer festival and alcohol consumption during the festival. Daily deaths from CHD and alcohol poisoning in Finland, 1961–2014, that occurred during the 7 days centering on Midsummer Day were analysed in relation to deaths during 14 to 4 days before and 4 to 14 after Midsummer Day. Daily counts of deaths from CHD among persons aged 35–64 years were regressed on days around the Midsummer period by negative binomial regression. Mortality from CHD was highest on Midsummer Day (RR 1.25 (95% confidence interval 1.12–1.31), one day after the peak in deaths from alcohol poisonings. RR for CHD on Midsummer Day was particulary high (RR = 1.43; 1.09–1.86) in the 2000s, 30% of deaths being attributable to that day. In conclusion, the anomalous and prominent summer peak in deaths from CHD in Finland is an adverse consequence of the Midsummer festival. The most likely underlying reason is heavy alcohol consumption during the festival period, especially on Midsummer Eve. In the 2000s, one third of deaths from CHD on Midsummer Day are preventable.

scholarly journals Association of Time-of-Day Energy Intake Patterns with Nutrient Intakes, Diet Quality, and Insulin Resistance

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 725
Author(s):  
Xiaoyun Song ◽  
Huijun Wang ◽  
Chang Su ◽  
Zhihong Wang ◽  
Feifei Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Asian Population ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Quality Score ◽  
Nutrient Intakes ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Dominant Pattern

Evidence shows time-of-day of energy intake are associated with health outcomes; however, studies of time-of-day energy patterns and their health implication are still lacking in the Asian population. This study aims to examine the time-of-day energy intake pattern of Chinese adults and to examine its associations with nutrient intakes, diet quality, and insulin resistance. Dietary data from three 24-h recalls collected during the 2015 China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) were analyzed (n = 8726, aged ≥ 18 years). Time-of-day energy intake patterns were determined by latent class analysis (LCA). General Linear Models and Multilevel Mixed-effects Logistic Regression Models were applied to investigate the associations between latent time-of-day energy intake patterns, energy-adjusted nutrient intakes, diet quality score, and insulin resistance. Three time-of-day energy intake patterns were identified. Participants in the “Evening dominant pattern” were younger, had higher proportions of alcohol drinkers and current smokers. The “Evening dominant pattern” was associated with higher daily energy intake and a higher percentage of energy from fat (%) (p < 0.001), as well as higher insulin resistance risk (OR = 1.21; 95% CI: 1.05, 1.40), after adjusting for multivariate covariates. The highest diet quality score was observed in participants with “Noon dominant pattern” (p < 0.001). A higher proportion of energy in the later of the day was associated with insulin resistance in free-living individuals.

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