scholarly journals Mammary gene expressions and oxidative indicators in ruminal fluid, blood, milk, and mammary tissue of dairy goats fed a total mixed ration containing piper meal (Piper betle L.)

2022 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-141
Author(s):  
Rayudika Aprilia Patindra Purba ◽  
Siwaporn Paengkoum ◽  
Chalermpon Yuangklang ◽  
Pramote Paengkoum ◽  
Abdelfattah Zeidan Mohamed Salem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Tissue ◽  
Piper Betle ◽  
Dairy Goats ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Ruminal Fluid ◽  
Total Mixed Ration ◽  
Fluid Blood

scholarly journals Rumen-protected choline supplementation in periparturient dairy goats: effects on liver and mammary gland

2011 ◽  
Vol 149 (5) ◽  
pp. 655-661 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. BALDI ◽  
R. BRUCKMAIER ◽  
F. D'AMBROSIO ◽  
A. CAMPAGNOLI ◽  
C. PECORINI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Total Lipid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthase ◽  
Total Lipid Content ◽  
Mammary Tissue ◽  
Dairy Goats ◽  
Transcript Levels ◽  
Lactating Goats

SUMMARYThe current study investigated the effects of supplementing rumen-protected choline (RPC) on metabolic profile, selected liver constituents and transcript levels of selected enzymes, transcription factors and nuclear receptors involved in mammary lipid metabolism in dairy goats. Eight healthy lactating goats were studied: four received no choline supplementation (CTR group) and four received 4 g RPC chloride/day (RPC group). The treatment was administered individually starting 4 weeks before expected kidding and continuing for 4 weeks after parturition. In the first month of lactation, milk yield and composition were measured weekly. On days 7, 14, 21 and 27 of lactation, blood samples were collected and analysed for glucose, β-hydroxybutyrate, non-esterified fatty acids and cholesterol. On day 28 of lactation, samples of liver and mammary gland tissue were obtained. Liver tissue was analysed for total lipid and DNA content; mammary tissue was analysed for transcripts of lipoprotein lipase (LPL), fatty acid synthase (FAS), sterol regulatory binding proteins 1 and 2, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ and liver X receptor α. Milk yield was very similar in the two groups, but RPC goats had lower (P<0·05) plasma β-hydroxybutyrate. The total lipid content of liver was unaffected (P=0·890), but the total lipid/DNA ratio was lower (both P<0·05) in RPC than CTR animals. Choline had no effect on the expression of the mammary gland transcripts involved in lipid metabolism. The current plasma and liver data indicate that choline has a positive effect on liver lipid metabolism, whereas it appears to have little effect on transcript levels in mammary gland of various proteins involved in lipid metabolism. Nevertheless, the current results were obtained from a limited number of animals, and choline requirement and function in lactating dairy ruminants deserve further investigation.

scholarly journals PENDAMPINGAN KEGIATAN DIPPING PUTING PADA TERNAK KAMBING PERAH DI DESA TURGO, TURI, SLEMAN, YOGYAKARTA

Sarwahita ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (01) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Clara Ajeng Artdita ◽  
Morsid Andityas ◽  
Ronny Martien ◽  
Maria Advensia Eka Setyaningrum ◽  
Achmad Fauzi
Keyword(s):  
Community Service ◽  
Goat Milk ◽  
Dairy Goat ◽  
Piper Betle ◽  
Main Process ◽  
Ionic Gelation ◽  
Farming Practices ◽  
Dairy Goats ◽  
Herbal Products ◽  
Livestock Health

Abstract Dipping is one of the main process for the stage of milking process and it serves to prevent the the bacteria infected the udder on post-milking process.  Mastitis can occur because of this stage not being carried out. The program partner is in the Turgo village, Turi, Sleman, Yogyakarta. This partner has obstacles in the magement of Ettawa crossbreed (PE) goat productivity including milking goat Standard Operating Management (SOP). The purpose of t his community service is to make farmer feel easier to do the dipping method by using herbal-based products sprayer to be applied to PE goats after milking to prevent occurence of mastitis. The method of this program is introducing PE goat cultivation by applying the concept of good farming practices and the importance of preventing mastitis, utilizing home yard to plant Piper betle linn. As a basis for making teat dip sprayer, and improving the productivity of PDE goat as dairy goat with herbal teat dip sprayer using ionic gelation method. Teat dip sprayer technology on dairy goats is expected to increase the productivity of PE goat milk in this partner “Kelompok Ternak”. The result is an increasing of farmer’s understanding and the sustainability of milking SOP of dipping with herbal products which easy to apply (sprayer); So that the livestock health and productivity are increases, then it will impact in economic of this farmer community.Abstrak Dipping merupakan proses pencelupan puting ambing ternak perah yang termasuk ke dalam tahapan proses pemerahan susu dan berfungsi untuk mencegah berkembangnya bakteri paska pemerahan. Kasus mastitis dapat terjadi akibat tahapan ini tidak dilakukan usai pemerahan. Mitra program ini adalah kelompok ternak di desa Turgo, Turi, Sleman, Yogyakarta. Mitra ini memiliki kendala dalam manajemen pengelolaan kambing PE produktif termasuk Standar Operasional Prosedur (SOP) dalam pemerahan susu kambing. Tujuan dari pengabdian ini adalah untuk memudahkan petani peternak dalam melakukan metode dipping dengan produk berbahan herbal untuk diaplikasikan pada ternak perahnya usai dilakukan pemerahan sebagai agen antibakterial untuk mencegah kejadian mastitis. Metode yang akan dilakukan melalui program ini yaitu memperkenalkan budidaya kambing PE dengan menerapkan konsep good farming practices dan pentingnya pencegahan mastitis, memanfaatkan pekarangan rumah untuk ditanami daun sirih hijau sebagai dasar pembuatan dipping sprayer, dan memperbaiki produktivitas ternak perah dengan herbal dipping sprayer menggunakan metode ionic gelation. Pemanfaatan teknologi dipping sprayer pada kambing perah diharapkan dapat meningkatkan produktivitas susu kambing PE di Kelompok Ternak mitra ini. Hasil akhir berupa terbentuknya pemahaman peternak serta keberlanjutan SOP pemerahan berupa dipping dengan produk yang mudah pengaplikasiannya (spray dipping) sehingga ternak sehat, produktivitas meningkat, dan ekonomi masyarakat pedesaan mampu terangkat.

scholarly journals Mammary gene expression and activity of antioxidant enzymes and oxidative indicators in the blood, milk, mammary tissue and ruminal fluid of dairy cows fed flax meal

2013 ◽  
Vol 110 (10) ◽  
pp. 1743-1750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Luiza Bachmann Schogor ◽  
Marie-France Palin ◽  
Geraldo Tadeu dos Santos ◽  
Chaouki Benchaar ◽  
Pierre Lacasse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Mrna Abundance ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Mammary Tissue ◽  
Related Factor ◽  
Nuclear Factor ◽  
Ruminal Fluid ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

The effects of flax meal (FM) on the activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT)) in the blood, mammary tissue and ruminal fluid, and oxidative stress indicators (thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl-scavenging activity) in the milk, plasma and ruminal fluid of dairy cows were determined. The mRNA abundance of the antioxidant enzymes and oxidative stress-related genes was assessed in mammary tissue. A total of eight Holstein cows were used in a double 4 × 4 Latin square design. There were four treatments in the diet: control with no FM (CON) or 5 % FM (5FM), 10 % FM (10FM) and 15 % FM (15FM). There was an interaction between treatment and time for plasma GPx and CAT activities. Cows supplemented with FM had a linear reduction in TBARS at 2 h after feeding, and there was no treatment effect at 0, 4 and 6 h after feeding. TBARS production decreased in the milk of cows fed the 5FM and 10FM diets. There was a linear increase in nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (NFE2L2) mRNA abundance in mammary tissue with FM supplementation. A linear trend for increased mRNA abundance of the CAT gene was observed with higher concentrations of FM. The mRNA abundance of CAT, GPx1, GPx3, SOD1, SOD2, SOD3 and nuclear factor of κ light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells (NFKB) genes was not affected by the treatment. These findings suggest that FM supplementation can improve the oxidative status of Holstein cows as suggested by decreased TBARS production in ruminal fluid 2 h post-feeding and increased NFE2L2/nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) mRNA abundance in mammary tissue.

scholarly journals Effect of Weeping Teats on Intramammary Infection and Somatic Cell Score in Dairy Goats

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Gazzola ◽  
Giulietta Minozzi ◽  
Stefano Biffani ◽  
Silvana Mattiello ◽  
Giovanni Bailo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Bacterial Culture ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Mammary Tissue ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Dairy Goats ◽  
Positive Bacterial Culture

Mastitis is the most common disease affecting dairy goats and causing economic losses. Although it is accepted that increased somatic cell count (SCC) is mainly a response to infection, its reliability for subclinical mastitis detection in goats is controversial. Indeed, many physiological and extrinsic variables can increase SCC, including breed, parity, age, stage of lactation, seasonal variations, and milking methods. In some animals, milk-secreting tissue is present in the wall of the teat and, in some instances, milk can filter through pores in the skin to the udder surface. This condition is known as “weeping teat” (WT). In these animals, mammary tissue might be prone to develop bacterial infections, although limited information is provided. Weeping teat seems to have a genetic background and is reported to be especially found in goat breeds selected for high milk production. Moreover, it is observed a genetic correlation between WT and decreased milk yield as well as increased somatic cell scores (SCS). Since information on this topic is very limited, this study aimed at investigating any possible relationship between WT, high SCC, and the presence of bacteria in goat milk. Alpine goat farms in Northern Italy were selected based on the presence of WT. Each herd was divided into two age-matched groups, identified as case (WT+) and control (WT–). Half-udder milk samples were collected aseptically at three timepoints; bacteriological analysis was performed, and SCC were determined and transformed in SCS. There was a positive association between SCS and the presence of bacteria in milk (P = 0.037) overall, whereas WT udder defect was associated with positive bacterial culture in just one herd (P = 0.053). Thus, this herd was further investigated, repeating the sampling and the analysis on the following year. The positive association between high SCS and the presence of bacteria in milk was then confirmed (P = 0.007), whereas no association with WT condition was found. These results indicate that WT defect is usually unrelated to both the outcome of milk bacterial culture and SCS. As a side outcome, we could confirm the role of bacterial infection in increasing SCS.

scholarly journals Feeding level regulates the expression of some genes involved with programed cell death and remodeling in goat and sheep mammary tissue

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Eleni Tsiplakou ◽  
Christina Mitsiopoulou ◽  
Dimitrios Skliros ◽  
Alexandros Mavrommatis ◽  
Emmanouil Flemetakis
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Sampling Time ◽  
Mammary Tissue ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Dairy Goats ◽  
Feeding Level ◽  
Programed Cell Death

Abstract Mammary tissue (MT) turnover is characterized by programed cell death and remodeling which might be affected by both feeding level and animal species. Thus, twenty-four dairy goats and the same number of sheep were assigned to three homogenous sub-groups per animal species and fed the same diet in quantities which met 70% (FL70), 100% (FL100) and 130% (FL130) of their daily energy and crude protein requirements. Individual MT samples were taken by biopsy from the animals on the 30th and 60th experimental day. The results showed, in the first sampling time, a significant reduction in the mRNA abundance for selected genes involved in programed cell death in both FL 70 fed goats (STAT3 and BECN1) and sheep (CASPASE8 and BECN1) compared with the respective FL100 groups. The FL130, in comparison with the FL100, caused a significant increase in transcripts accumulation of STAT3 gene in both sampling times and CASPASE8 gene in the second sampling time in goat MT, while the opposite happened for the mRNA expression of CASPASE8 and BECN1 genes in sheep MT, but only in the first sampling time. Moreover, a significant up regulation in the mRNA levels of MMP2 gene in MT of FL130 fed sheep was observed. The FL130, in comparison with the FL70, caused an enhancement in the mRNA expression levels of BECN1, CASPASE8, BAX and STAT3 genes in goat MT only. It was also shown that apoptosis and autophagy can be affected simultaneously by the feeding level. Overfeeding affects MT programed cell death and remodeling by a completely different way in goats than sheep. In conclusion, feeding level and animal species have strong effects on both MT programed cell death (apoptosis and autophagy) and remodeling but the molecular mechanisms need further investigation.

A note on the effects of feeding total mixed ration on performance of dairy goats in late lactation

1991 ◽  
Vol 35 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 15-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Maltz ◽  
N. Silanikove ◽  
Y. Karaso ◽  
G. Shefet ◽  
A. Meltzer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Goats ◽  
Total Mixed Ration

Effects of source of rumen fluid on in vitro dry matter digestibility of feeds determined using the DAISYII incubator

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 439-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. King ◽  
J. C. Plaizier
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Ruminal Fluid ◽  
Total Mixed Ration ◽  
Inoculum Source ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Grass Hay

Apparent (ADD) and true (TDD) in vitro dry matter digestibilities of 12 ruminant feeds were determined with the DAISYII incubator (ANKOM Technology Corp. Macedon, NY) using inoculum prepared from ruminal fluid obtained from steers fed grass hay or from cows fed total mixed ration (56% forage and 44% grain, DM basis). Inoculum source did not affect ADD and TDD. Averaged across feeds and sources of inoculum, ADD was 6.7 percentage points lower than TDD. Key words: In vitro dry matter digestibility, ruminant feeds, inoculum, ANKOM DAISYII incubator

Feed Intake and Digestibility of Total Mixed Ration fed Murciano-Granadina Dairy Goats

2002 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Fernandez . ◽  
P. Sanchez-Seiquer .
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Dairy Goats ◽  
Total Mixed Ration

Use of a Total Mixed Ration with Three Sources of Protein as an Alternative Feeding for Dairy Goats on Southeast of Spain

2002 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Fernandez . ◽  
P. Sanchez-Seiquer . ◽  
A. Sanchez .
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Goats ◽  
Total Mixed Ration ◽  
Alternative Feeding

Formation and Structure of Casein Micelles in Lactating Mammary Tissue

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 150-151
Author(s):  
Robert J. Carroll ◽  
Marvin P. Thompson ◽  
Harold M. Farrell
Keyword(s):  
Size Distribution ◽  
G Protein ◽  
Milk Proteins ◽  
Mammary Tissue ◽  
Colloidal System ◽  
Casein Micelles ◽  
The Stability

Milk is an unusually stable colloidal system; the stability of this system is due primarily to the formation of micelles by the major milk proteins, the caseins. Numerous models for the structure of casein micelles have been proposed; these models have been formulated on the basis of in vitro studies. Synthetic casein micelles (i.e., those formed by mixing the purified αsl- and k-caseins with Ca2+ in appropriate ratios) are dissimilar to those from freshly-drawn milks in (i) size distribution, (ii) ratio of Ca/P, and (iii) solvation (g. water/g. protein). Evidently, in vivo organization of the caseins into the micellar form occurs in-a manner which is not identical to the in vitro mode of formation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document