scholarly journals Wave structure at radar irradiation of homogeneous absorbing media

2021 ◽  
Vol 2140 (1) ◽  
pp. 012020
Author(s):  
V P Butukhanov ◽  
Ju L Lomukhin ◽  
E B Atutov
Keyword(s):  
Field Strength ◽  
Plane Wave ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Specular Reflection ◽  
Wave Structure ◽  
The Other ◽  
Reflection Coefficients ◽  
Propagating Waves ◽  
The Media ◽  
Absorbing Media

Abstract The work is devoted to the study of the structure of waves excited in bordering media under radar irradiation of both smooth and rough interfaces. It is found that counter propagating waves are excited in bordering absorbing media, which determine backward reflection at the interface. On the other hand, the reflection of the counter propagating wave excites waves with a negative angle of refraction. It was found in this work that when the interface is irradiated with a plane wave during polarization, when the electric field strength vector lies in the plane of incidence, the backward reflection and the refracted wave are increases, and the specular reflection decreases. Electrodynamics models of the back reflection coefficients are developed for both the case of smooth and for the case of uneven interfaces between the media.

Experimental Study of Melt Electrospinning in Parallel Electrical Field

2011 ◽  
Vol 221 ◽  
pp. 111-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Feng Hao ◽  
Yong Liu ◽  
Xue Tao He ◽  
Peng Cheng Xie ◽  
Wei Min Yang
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Field Strength ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Field Strength ◽  
Melt Spinning ◽  
Fiber Diameter ◽  
The Other ◽  
Electrical Field ◽  
Melt Electrospinning ◽  
Plate Area

In this paper, self-designed electrospinning equipment was used to make a series of electrospinning experiments with materials of polypropylene. The influences of the receiver area, the upper plate area, and the overlapping area between the receiver and the upper plate, on the melt spinning electric field, the spinning efficiency, and the fiber diameter, were investigated respectively. The results showed that when the other parameters were kept unchanged, with the increase of the receiver’s diameter, the electric field strength and spinning efficiency increased, and the fiber diameter increased at first and then decreased; the bigger the overlapping area between the receiver and the upper plate, the more stable the vertical spinning path.

scholarly journals Protrusion of the Rod Electrode in the Electrospinning Process

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Valtera ◽  
Lucie Vysloužilová ◽  
Jiří Komárek ◽  
Josef Skřivánek ◽  
Petr Žabka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Strength ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Field Intensity ◽  
Electric Field Intensity ◽  
Counter Electrode ◽  
Analytical Calculation ◽  
Electrospinning Process ◽  
The Other ◽  
Critical Voltage ◽  
Technological Parameters

The paper focuses on the influence of the protrusion of the rod electrode on critical voltage in the DC electrospinning process. On the testing and industrial DC electrospinning devices, electrodes of any kind are extended towards the counter electrode. This provides the maximal, that is, supercritical, electric field intensity on the spinning-electrode orifice that is found to be higher than on the other supplementary parts. The principal study and experiments with basic apparatus were carried out and presented by Taylor in 1966. This study is focused on the arrangement closely related to the design of the real electrospinning device with respect to the safety and technological aspects. Results of the carried out experiments of the rod spinning-electrode are compared with the electrostatic simulation and analytical calculation. The presented effect of the electrode protrusion on the potential difference and the critical field strength introduces valuable information for the designers of electrospinning machines as well as for the setting up of the optimal technological parameters for producing modern nonwoven textile products.

scholarly journals Effect of crossed electric and magnetic fields on the helium spectrum

1947 ◽  
Vol 189 (1018) ◽  
pp. 287-295 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Field Strength ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Field Strength ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
The Other ◽  
Small Field ◽  
Hollow Core ◽  
Electric And Magnetic Fields ◽  
Strong Electric Fields ◽  
Set Up

The authors describe a double canal-ray source, and discuss the general features of greatly improved analyses obtained through its use. A small canal-ray tube is placed along the axis of a hollow core of the magnet, the pole tip itself serving as the cathode with one small central perforation. A similar tube is symmetrically placed in the other core so that the double canal-ray tube provides opposing beams in the region between the pole faces. Here small field plates are set up to establish strong electric fields perpendicular to the canal rays. Light is taken out at right angles to both fields and analyzed by a six-prism glass spectrograph. Displacements and qualitative intensities are tabulated mainly for components of three line groups built round and including λλ 4922, 4472 and 4026 respectively. H = 25,800 oersteds while E = 10-131 kV/cm. Resolved components remain sharp at all field strengths. A few components correspond to Δm = ± 2; but there is no evidence for Δm = ± 3. Intensities of many components are critically dependent upon electric field strength, and in at least one notable case (2 3 P-5 3 G) displacements are similarly dependent. The latter is attributed to repulsion between levels of different m values which nevertheless are forced to cross over each other.

scholarly journals Possible earthquake precursors revealed by LF radio signals

2001 ◽  
Vol 1 (1/2) ◽  
pp. 99-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. F. Biagi ◽  
R. Piccolo ◽  
A. Ermini ◽  
S. Martellucci ◽  
C. Bellecci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Strength ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Field Strength ◽  
Ionospheric Disturbance ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Radio Signals

Abstract. Among radio signals, low frequency (LF) radio signals lie in the band between 30–300 kHz. Monitoring equipment with the ability to measure the electric strength of such signals at field sites, were designed and assembled in Italy. From 1993 onwards, the electric field strength of the MCO (216 kHz, France) broadcasting station has been collecting measurements at two sites in central Italy that were chosen according to very low noise levels. At the end of 1996, radio signals from the CLT (189 kHz, Italy) and CZE (270 kHz, Czech Republic) broadcasting stations were included in the measurements. Meteorological data from central Italy were also collected over the same time period in order to study the influence of weather conditions on the experimental measurements. During the monitoring period, we observed some evident attenuation of the electric field strength in some of the radio signals at some of the receivers. The duration of the attenuation observed was several days, so it could possibly be related to particular meteorological conditions. On the other hand, this phenomenon might represent precursors of moderate (3.0 < M < 3.5) earthquakes that occurred near the receivers (within 50 km) along the transmitter-receiver path. In this case, it is possible that the pre-seismic processes could have produced irregularities in the troposphere, such as ducts, reflecting layers and scattering zones, so that some local troposphere defocusing of the radio signals might have occurred. These observations were related only to moderate earthquakes and in these cases, suitable meteorological conditions were probably needed to observe the effect. Between February – March 1998, we observed at one measuring site, a significant increase in the CZE electric field strength. Unfortunately, we could not use the data of the other receiver in this case, due to frequent interruptions in the data set. The increase might have been a precursor of the strong seismic sequence (M = 5.0–6.0) that occurred during March – May 1998 in Slovenia at a location over 400 km from the receiver, but lying in the middle of the transmitter-receiver path. In this case, it is possible that an ionospheric disturbance, produced by the pre-seismic processes, might have occurred.

Radiation of X-rays Using Uniaxially Polarized LiNbO3 Single Crystal

2007 ◽  
Vol 1034 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinji Fukao ◽  
Yoshikazu Nakanishi ◽  
Tadahiro Mizoguchi ◽  
Yoshiaki Ito ◽  
Toru Nakamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Strength ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Electric Field Strength ◽  
High Vacuum ◽  
Gas Pressure ◽  
The Other ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Thermal Electron ◽  
X Ray

AbstractIt is well known that by changing the temperature for the polarized hemimorphy single crystal, such as LiNbO3 or BaTiO3, the electric field with high intensity is generated and then atmospheric gas atoms or molecules around the crystal are ionized. Using these phenomena, X-rays could be radiated by the bremsstrahlung radiation of electrons in low pressure [1,2]. However, this method has some disadvantages. For example, it is difficult to maintain the intensity of X-rays for a long term. The gas pressure range, where the intensity of X-rays is high, is narrow. The purpose of this study is to increase the intensity of X-rays in a high vacuum. In a low vacuum, positive charges generated by the ionization of gas molecules near the crystal weaken the electric field strength. Consequently, the intensity of X-rays also becomes weak. On the other hand, in a high vacuum, the number of electrons decreases. Thus, thermally emitted electrons are supplied to the X-rays radiation system in high vacuum to increase and stabilize the intensity of X-rays.The -z plane of the congruent LiNbO3 single crystal polarized in the z-axis direction of a 5 mm thickness and a 10 mm diameter was opposed to the Cu target of a 10 μm thickness placed at a distance of 21 mm from the –z plane in the gas pressure of 10-2-10-4 Pa. The temperature of crystal was changed between from -5 to 75 °C using Peltiert device. The temperature history of the crystal consists of a repetition of a series of the increasing and decreasing processes with the same period. Filament of thorium-added-tungsten as a thermal electrons source was placed at a distance of approximately 20 mm from the crystal side edge. DC current flowing in the filament was adjusted from 0 to 4 A.In the increasing process of the temperature, the characteristic X-ray of Nb was radiated. This result indicates that the sign of net charge on -z plane of the crystal is positive. Because thermally emitted electrons are supplied to the positively charged –z plane, the electric field strength generated by the crystal is very low. Thus, the intensity of characteristic X-ray of Nb is low. On the other hand, in the decreasing process of the temperature, the characteristic X-ray of Cu was radiated. At the pressure of approximately 10-2 Pa and the filament current of 2.5 A, the intensity of X-rays showed the local maximum. If electrons are supplied more, synthetic electric field strength is weakened by the electric field made by the electron. The intensity of X-rays using thermal electron source was ten or more times higher at the maximum than that without the source and was almost comparable as the case of a low vacuum or more than it. Using thermal electron source, the intensity of X-rays increased with decreasing the pressure down to approximately 10-2 Pa and became constant at lower pressure.

Optical Measurement of the Electric Field Strength in a Gel Insulator

2016 ◽  
Vol 136 (10) ◽  
pp. 1420-1421
Author(s):  
Yusuke Tanaka ◽  
Yuji Nagaoka ◽  
Hyeon-Gu Jeon ◽  
Masaharu Fujii ◽  
Haruo Ihori
Keyword(s):  
Field Strength ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Field Strength ◽  
Optical Measurement

Analisa Wacana Pemberitaan Kasus Korupsi E-KTP Pada Media Kompas.com Terhadap Pembentukan Opini Publik

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Neri Widya Ramailis ◽  
Dede Nopendri
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Social Control ◽  
The Other ◽  
Main Function ◽  
General Knowledge ◽  
Visual Method ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Media ◽  
Private Entrepreneurs

Discourse is a series of sentences that relate and connect one proposition with the other propositions to from a unity. The main function of the news is not to warn, instruct, and make the public stunned, the main function of the news is to inform and then it is upto the public to utilize the news. There are two ways for the news to be useful to the public, the first to effort news as general knowledge and the second to effort the news a tool of social control. E-Ktp corruption cases are one of the biggest corruption cases that occurered in Indonesia. Therefore, many mass media reported heavilly on E-Ktp corruption cases, one of which was the kompas.com. furthermore, to find out how the writer gets the source the writer gets the source of data and information the writer uses the criminology visual method and then analyzes it using criminology newsmaking theory. However, the results of this study illustrate that the aspect highlighted are those of actors suspected of being involved in E-Ktp corruption cases. Where the media only emphasizes one institution, namely the people’s representative council, even though in this case the involved parties are not only the legislature but case the involved parties are not only the legislature but also from various institutions such as the interior ministry, state-owned enterprises, and private entrepreneurs. In the aspect of media projection Kompas.com make the bulk of the news about E- Ktp corruption cases as news headline and a tranding topic.

‘Who is Sir Curtis Seretse?’: A Re evaluation of Black Representation in Sixties British Television

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Prime Time ◽  
Black Representation ◽  
Unique Representation ◽  
Prime Ministers ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
Crime Dramas ◽  
The Media ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Head Of Department

This paper re-evaluates the significance of Sir Curtis Seretse, a black character from the 1960s television series Department S (ITV 1969-70) which has largely been ignored. While earlier critical and academic discourse of Department S has primarily centred on the flamboyant Jason King, the importance of Seretse’s character has been overlooked. Seretse, as the head of Department S, is in a position of authority and power over the other (white) characters of the show. Furthermore, he represents a highly educated character that converses on equal terms with Prime Ministers and Presidents, a unique representation of a black character on British television at that time. Seretse’s appearance on prime time television, at a period when black performers in the media were invariably confined to little more than token characters, is therefore worthy of further attention. This paper examines how Seretse represents a different type of black character not previously seen on British television, when compared to the representations of racial problems on other television crime dramas.

scholarly journals Observation of a comb-shaped filamentary plasma array under subcritical condition in 303-GHz millimetre-wave air discharge

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masafumi Fukunari ◽  
Shunsuke Tanaka ◽  
Ryuji Shinbayashi ◽  
Yuusuke Yamaguchi ◽  
Yoshinori Tatematsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Incident Beam ◽  
Wave Structure ◽  
Field Vector ◽  
Interesting Phenomenon ◽  
Millimetre Wave ◽  
Field Plane ◽  
Subcritical Condition ◽  
Air Discharge

AbstractGas breakdown in the millimetre-wave frequency band is an interesting phenomenon in nonlinear dynamics such as self-organized structure formation. We observed the transition between two types of filamentary plasma arrays in air discharge driven by a 303-GHz millimetre wave. Plasma is ignited at a parabolic mirror’s focal point in the overcritical condition. One array parallel to the electric field vector appears with a spacing of λ/4 at the focal point. Filaments then separate into plasma lumps ~10 μs after ignition. At 20 μs, a new comb-shaped array grows in the subcritical condition. Filaments are parallel to the incident beam with spacing of 0.96 λ and elongate towards the incident beam. This comb-shaped array appears only in the electric field plane; bulk plasma with a sharp vertex forms in the magnetic field plane. This array is created by a standing wave structure generated by waves diffracted from the plasma surface. Filamentary plasma array formations can influence the energy absorption by the plasma, which is important for engineering applications such as beamed energy propulsion.

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