scholarly journals Optimization of gamma ray irradiation dose on strawberry plantlets

2021 ◽  
Vol 883 (1) ◽  
pp. 012018
Author(s):  
D Saptadi ◽  
H Arisah ◽  
D Agisimanto
Keyword(s):  
Irradiation Dose ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Dosage Level ◽  
Optimal Dose ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Genetic Changes ◽  
Low Genetic Diversity

Abstract As a commodity that is cultivated vegetatively, strawberries have a relatively low genetic diversity. One effort to increase the diversity of strawberries and genetic quality improvement can be made by using gamma-ray radiation. In vitro explant of strawberry cv Early Bright were radiated with Gamma-ray P3TIR BATAN facility. Starting with a radiosensitivity test to find out Lethal Dose (LD) 50 with dosage level; 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 60, 80, 100, 125, 150, 175, and 200 Gy. LD50 observations were carried out to get the optimal dose. The treatment of several doses of gamma-ray radiation showed varied results, with the percentage of explants living decrease by increasing the dose of irradiation. Irradiation dose until 10 Gy did not affect the survival rate of explant—the treatment dose of 80 Gy and above causes 100% mortality on the final observation. The dose of 60 Gy had a significant effect on shoot growth, as indicated by curly leaves' growth. The next optimal dose recommended for radiation is set at 20 and 30 Gy to anticipate genetic changes that are not morphologically expressed and to avoid the negative effects of morphological changes.

scholarly journals In Vitro Mutagenesis of Etlingera elatior by Gamma Ray Intermittent Irradiation

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 111-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elmi Irmayanti Azzahra ◽  
Syarifah Iis Aisyah ◽  
Diny Dinarti ◽  
Krisantini Krisantini
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Leaf Shape ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Mutation Breeding ◽  
Ornamental Plant ◽  
In Vitro Mutagenesis ◽  
Split Dose ◽  
Etlingera Elatior

Etlingera elatior is tropical ornamental plant commonly called “torch ginger” from Zingiberaceae family. Conventional breeding of E. elatior is limited by cross incompatibility, poor fruit set and low seed production.  In this study irradiation of E. elatior with Gamma ray performed to induce mutation. This study was aimed to increase morphological diversity and to obtain unique morphological characters to increase the aesthetic value of E. elatior as ornamental plants and cut flower. Two genotypes of E. elatior, red and white flowers, were tested. The LD20, LD35, and LD50 were determined following intermittent (split dose) Gamma irradiation with a two-hour gap between each gamma ray shot. Red genotype E. elatior explants were irradiated with dose of 3 + 3 Gy (LD20); 4 + 4 Gy (LD35) and 5 + 5 Gy (LD50); white genotype were irradiated with a dose of 2 + 2 Gy (LD20); 2.8 + 2.8 Gy (LD35) and 3.7 + 3.7 Gy (LD50). Non-irradiated explants were set as control.  The results of this study indicated that the increase in dose of gamma ray irradiation changed shoot length and number of leaves in the red genotype per explant as compared to control. Morphological changes occurred in leaf shape at 5 + 5 Gy and 3.7 + 3.7 Gy and formation of variegated leaves at 2.8 + 2.8 Gy and 5 + 5 Gy. Keywords: mutation breeding, ornamental plant, split irradiation dose, torch ginger, Zingiberaceae

scholarly journals PENGARUH IRADIASI SINAR GAMMA [60Co] TERHADAP BACTROCERA CARAMBOLAE DREW & HANCOCK IN VITRO DAN IN VIVO

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Endang Sri Ratna ◽  
Kemas Usman ◽  
Indah Arastuti ◽  
Dadan Hindayana
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
Adult Survival ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Bactrocera Carambolae ◽  
Gamma Ray Irradiation

Effect of gamma irradiation [60Co] against Bactrocera carambolae Drew & Hancock in vitro and in vivo. Bactrocera carambolae Drew & Hancock is one of the most important pests on guava fruit. According to a quarantine regulation in export-import commodities, irradiation treatment is a suitable methods for eradicating infested organism, which is relatively safe for the environment. The aim of this research was to determine mortality doses and an effective dose of [60Co] gamma ray irradiation for the eradication purpose, and its implication on the survival of fruit fly B. carambolae. Two irradiation methods of in vitro dan in vivo were carried out, by exposing egg and 3rd instar larvae of B. carambolae obtained from the laboratory reared insect. Eleven doses of gamma ray irradiation of 0, 30, 50, 75, 100, 125, 150, 175, 200, 300, 450, and 600 Gy were applied, respectively. The level of 99% fruit fly mortality was estimated by the value of LD99 using probit analysis and the number of larvae, pupae and adult survival were evaluated by analysis of variance (ANOVA), and the means compared by Tukey’s test, at 5% of significance level. These result showed that the effective lethal dose (LD99) of irradiation that could be successful to eradicate eggs and 3rd instar larvae in vitro were 2225 and 2343 Gy and in vivo were 3165 dan 3177 Gy, respectively. Almost all of the treated larvae survived and developed to pupae, therefore only the minimum irradiation dose of 30 Gy allowed the pupae to develop into adults.

scholarly journals Antigiardial Effect of Kramecyne in Experimental Giardiasis

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Leticia Eligio-García ◽  
Elida Pontifez-Pablo ◽  
Salúd Pérez-Gutiérrez ◽  
Enedina Jiménez-Cardoso
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Antigiardial Activity ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Polymerase Chain

A variety of drugs are used in giardiasis treatment with different levels of efficiency, presence of side effects, and even formation of resistant strains, so that it is important to search new only-one-dose treatments with high efficiency and less side effects. Kramecyne, an anti-inflammatory compound isolated from methanolic extract ofKrameria cytisoides, does not present toxicity, even at doses of 5,000 mg/kg. The objective was to determine the antigiardial effect of kramecyne overGiardia intestinalis in vitroandin vivoand analyze the expression of genes ERK1, ERK2, and AK on kramecyne treated trophozoites by Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RTPCR). The median lethal dose (LD50) was 40 μg/mL and no morphological changes were observed by staining with blue trypan and light microscopy; experimental gerbil infection was eliminated with 320 μg/Kg of weight. After treatment there were no differences between intestines from treated and untreated gerbils. Kramecyne did not have significant effect over ERK1 and AK, but there are differences in ERK2 expression (p=0.04). Results show antigiardial activity of kramecyne; however the mode of action is still unclear and the evaluation of ultrastructural damage and expressed proteins is an alternative of study to understand the action mechanism.

scholarly journals Temporary Immersion System Improves Regeneration of in vitro Irradiated Recalcitrant Rice Embryogenic Calli

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Hernández-Soto ◽  
Jason Pérez-Chávez ◽  
Rebeca Fait-Zuñiga ◽  
Randall Rojas-Vásquez ◽  
Andres Gatica-Arias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Radiation Condition ◽  
Embryogenic Calli ◽  
Temporary Immersion System ◽  
Semisolid Medium ◽  
Regeneration Rate ◽  
In Vitro Establishment

The development of gamma rays mutant rice lines would be a solution for introducing variability in already farmer using varieties. In vitro gamma (60Co) mutagenesis reduces chimeras and allows a faster selection of desired traits but requires laboratory process optimization. The objective of the present work was the in vitro establishment of a recalcitrant rice embryogenic calli, the determination of its sensitivity to gamma radiation (Co-60), sequencing MATK and Rubisco for identification purposes, as well as generation optimization. The radiosensitivity of embryogenic calli resulted in an LD50 of 110Gy, while the 20% lethal dose was 64Gy. All sequenced genes matched perfectly with already reported MATK and Rubisco O. sativa genes with a clear SNP that identifies the local variety related to the southeast Asia Region. Callus induction improves with an MS with 2mg/L 2,4D, and the regeneration was achieved with an MS medium with 3mg/L BAP and 0,5mg/L NAA. The optimized radiation condition was 60Gy with an 83% regeneration in a semisolid medium, allowing a balance between mutation and regeneration. When increased to 80Gy, the regeneration rate falls to 29%. An immersion system (RITA®) of either 60 or 120 seconds every 8hours allowed a systematic and homogeneous total regeneration of the recalcitrant line, in contrast with the semisolid medium that resulted in positive but irregular regeneration. Other well-known recalcitrant cultivars, CR1821, CR1113 also had an improving regeneration in the immersion system, demonstrating its potential use for recalcitrant materials. To our knowledge, this is the first report on using an immersion system to allow regeneration of gamma-ray mutants from recalcitrant rice materials.

scholarly journals Studi Induksi Mutasi Genetik Pisang Barangan Melalui Aplikasi Iradiasi Sinar Gamma Secara In Vitro

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-102
Author(s):  
Zarmiyeni Zarmiyeni ◽  
Ishak Ishak
Keyword(s):  
Irradiation Dose ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Shoot Tip ◽  
Shoot Bud ◽  
Dose Irradiation

       The study of mutation genetic induct Barangan banana by irradiation gamma ray according in vitro aimed to learning and evaluate dose irradiation gamma ray in to increase various of genetic planet barangan banana that regeneration of shoot tip by direction to withered ache. More 20 shoot tip each in irradiation by 10 Gy and 20 Gy, and countrat as different. Planet in to regeneration in MS media to contain 3 mg/ 1 BAP and 0,5 mg/ 1 IAA. Result accuration showed percentation bud was grow after irradiation Gy 80% Irradiation, 20 Gy 75% Irradiation and 85% countrol. Irradiation dose to affect sum propagoula produce. The increase of irradiation dose tedence to increase sum propagoula produce. The propagoula produce of this accuration was 5 sort that 15 planet, shoot, bud, bud group and nodule

scholarly journals Volatile Compounds of Endophytic Bacillus spp. have Biocontrol Activity Against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

2018 ◽  
Vol 108 (12) ◽  
pp. 1373-1385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Venance Colman Massawe ◽  
Alvina Hanif ◽  
Ayaz Farzand ◽  
David Kibe Mburu ◽  
Sylvans Ochieng Ochola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Bromophenol Blue ◽  
Fungal Mycelium ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Bacillus Spp

To develop an effective biological agent to control Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, three endophytic Bacillus spp. strains with high antagonistic activity were isolated from maize seed and characterized. In vitro assays revealed that the Bacillus endophytes could produce volatile organic compounds (VOC) that reduced sclerotial production and inhibited mycelial growth of S. sclerotiorum. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry revealed that the selected strains produced 16 detectable VOC. Eight of the produced VOC exhibited negative effects on S. sclerotiorum, while a further four induced accumulation of reactive oxygen species in mycelial cells. A mixture of VOC produced by Bacillus velezensis VM11 caused morphological changes in the ultrastructure and organelle membranes of S. sclerotiorum mycelial cells. The bromophenol blue assay revealed a yellow color of untreated fungal mycelium, which grew faster and deeper from 24 to 72 h postinoculation, as an indication of reduced pH. The potassium permanganate (KMnO4) titration assay showed that the rate of oxalic acid accumulation was higher in minimal salt liquid medium cultures inoculated with untreated fungal plugs compared with the Bacillus VOC-treated ones. Interestingly, biological control assays using host-plant leaves challenged with treated fungal mycelial plugs produced reduced lesions compared with the control. These findings provide new viable possibilities of controlling diseases caused by S. sclerotiorum using VOC produced by Bacillus endophytes.

scholarly journals Perubahan Morfologi dan Pertumbuhan Handeuleum (Graptophyllum pictum L. Griff) akibat Iradiasi Sinar Gamma

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 235
Author(s):  
Arrin Rosmala ◽  
Nurul Khumaida ◽  
Dewi Sukma
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Irradiation Dose ◽  
Leaf Morphology ◽  
Color Index ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Morphological Alteration ◽  
Green Color ◽  
Gamma Ray Irradiation

<p>ABSTRACT</p><p>Handeuleum (Graptophyllum pictum L.Griff) is a medicinal plant widely used as a traditional medicine due to its benefecial content. Therefore, it should be developed as one of the leading Indonesian medicinal plants. The purpose of this research was to study the effect of gamma ray irradiation on morphological alteration and growth of Handeuleum accession from Bogor. The doses of gamma rays were 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, and 105 Gy. The results of the research showed that gamma-ray irradiation induced morphological changes and influences the growth of Handeuleum. Irradiation dose at rate of 105 Gy produced new leaf morphology in Handeuleum, namely cordate. Doses of 60, 75, 90, and 105 Gy produce stunted plants with stiff and yellowish-green leaves. The dose of 45 Gy produced relative green color index which was higher than the control plants.</p><p>Keywords: handeuleum, gamma irradiations</p>

scholarly journals Gamma-Ray Treatment ofEchinococcusProtoscoleces prior to Implantation in Mice Reduces Echinococcosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Yuan ◽  
Bo Li ◽  
Shiping Jiang ◽  
Qiang Zhao ◽  
Ji Duo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Irradiation Dose ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Parasitic Disease ◽  
Hydatid Cysts ◽  
Blank Group

Echinococcosis is a serious parasitic disease caused byEchinococcustapeworms. Protoscoleces are sometimes released during surgical treatment for hydatid cysts, causing the recurrence of echinococcosis. Protoscoleces may be susceptible to radiation therapy. In this studyEchinococcusprotoscoleces were culturedin vitroand then divided into four differentγ-ray irradiation dose groups (10 Gy, 20 Gy, 40 Gy, and 80 Gy) and a blank group. The protoscoleces were then implanted into the abdominal cavity of mice. Four months later, we observed that the incidence and weight of cysts declined with the increase of irradiation dose.γ-ray irradiation can suppress the generation ofEchinococcusoriginated from protoscolex, the reason of which is due to the damaging to the structure ofEchinococcus. Irradiation may prevent echinococcosis recurrence after surgical removal of hydatid cysts.

scholarly journals EVALUATION AND SELECTION FENOTYPE OF GARUT PLANT (Maranta arundinacea L.) WITH GAMMA RAY RADIATION TREATMENTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Puspita Deswina ◽  
Sri Indrayani ◽  
Ambar Yuswi Perdani ◽  
Enung S Mulyaningsih
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Optimal Dose ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Gamma Ray Irradiation ◽  
Potential Alternative ◽  
Radiation Treatments

ABSTRACT Garut (Maranta arundinaceae L.) is one crop a potential alternative source of carbohydrate that has enormous potential to be developed. Food made from arrowroot flour has the advantage that is easy to digest up to very good for health. These plants are generally propagated vegetative, so it has a narrow genetic diversity. To increase the genetic diversity of arrowroot plants, gamma ray irradiation was performed at the Center for Radiation and Isotopes, BATAN, at a dose of 10 to 140 Gy with intervals of 10.  Analysis of morphological changes and the selection was done by observing the characteristic changes of the plant began generating plant shoots up to a maximum plant growth or plant produces flowers. The research objective was to determine the optimal dose of irradiation in determining the LD 50 for expanding the arrowroot plant genetic diversity. The method used was completely randomized design with 15 treatments and two replications. Based on the results revealed that the radiation could be affect to the morphological characteristics of plants such as leaves, number of shoots, plant height and tubers production. Key words: gamma ray radiation, alternative food, Garut plant (Maranta arundinaceae L).

scholarly journals Design Collimator and Dosimetry of in Vitro and in Vivo Test Using MCNP-X Code

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Sri Yuniarti ◽  
Yohannes Sardjono ◽  
Bilalodin Bilalodin
Keyword(s):  
Dose Rate ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Dose Calculation ◽  
Optimal Dose ◽  
Energy Agency ◽  
Neutron Sources ◽  
In Vivo Test ◽  
Simulation Results

Studies were carried out to collimator modelling and dosimetry BNCT of in vitro and in vivo test using MCNP-X code. Collimator modelling performed to obtain neutron beam as required by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). Dosimetry calculations performed to obtain the results of the dose calculation (dosimetry) in the application of BNCT.  Collimator modelling and dosimetry simulations performed with MCNPX program. Neutron sources used for simulation, namely cyclotrons HM-30, energy 30 MeV, the current is 1.1 mA. Collimator modelling utilizes to program MCNPX covers cells target as beryllium, collimator wall (reflector), moderate, filter, gamma-ray shielding, and aperture. The simulation results of the modelling are Φ<sub>epi </sub>1.02241x10<sup>10</sup> n/cm2 s, D<sub>f</sub>/Φ<sub>epi </sub>2.36487x10<sup>-11 </sup>Gy-cm<sup>2</sup>/n, D<sub>γ</sub>/Φ<sub>epi</sub> 4.68416x10<sup>-12</sup> Gy-cm<sup>2</sup>/n, Φ<sub>th</sub>/Φ<sub>epi </sub>3.76285x10<sup>-01</sup>, J/Φ<sub>epi </sub>8.37678x10<sup>3</sup>. Based on the calculation of the dose rate that has been done, the result that the optimal dose rate at a depth of 1cm.

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