Impact of salicylic acid and biosilica application on plant growth of shallot under water deficit

Abstract Shallot is a horticulture crop with a fibrous root system, which is susceptible to water deficit, particularly in the bulb formation stage. This study was carried out to examine the effects of salicylic acid (SA) and biosilica (Si) exogenous induction on plant growth of shallot grown under water deficit in plastic baskets. A factorial 4×2 experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with four blocks. The first factor of treatments was a four-level exogenous induction, i.e., 0.5mM SA, 6mM Si, combination (0.5mM SA and 6mM Si), and control (0 without SA and Si). The second factor was a level of interval irrigations i.e, one-day interval and three-day interval. The results showed that the treatment of combination 0.5mM SA and 6mM Si can maintained a plant height and the number of leaves was better than the control under water deficit. Avoidance was one of the mechanisms of shallot in dealing with water deficit, namely by reducing the stomatal density. Decreased stomatal density was negatively correlated with water use efficiency.

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Growth Performance of Lettuce Using Fermented Products as Organic Fertilizers

Aloha International Journal of Multidisciplinary Advancement (AIJMU) ◽

10.33846/aijmu10303 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

pp. 65

Author(s):

Kareen Lynn E. Negado

Keyword(s):

Growth Performance ◽

Block Design ◽

Organic Fertilizers ◽

Control Groups ◽

Lettuce Seeds ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

The Mean ◽

And Control ◽

Fermented Products

This study evaluates the growth performance of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) utilizing various fermented products as organic fertilizers. Growth performance is determined through the plant’s weight and leaves and significant differences in growth among various treatments: (a) fish trash, (b) scrap seaweeds, (c) kangkong, and control groups urea (positive) and water (negative) was also determined. Kangkong leaves are fermented for 10 days, fish trash for 14 days and 1 month for seaweeds. Lettuce seeds are sown before transplanting (15 days after germination) into pots and placed in raised beds. Randomized complete block design is utilized in the experiment. Growth performance is measured through the number of leaves 10, 20, and 30 days after transplant and mass of plant upon harvest. After 30 days, the lettuce was harvested. Based on the findings, the soil and fermented products are acidic and the needed organic matter for optimum growth of lettuce are not sufficient as well as some nutrients of the fermented products. Among the organic fertilizers, kangkong at 30 ml performs best in terms of the growth performance of lettuce. Urea performs best in terms of the mass upon harvest. Significant differences exist in the mean number of leaves of lettuce treated with various amounts of organic fertilizers with the plants that receive urea. Lettuce produce more number of leaves and with the highest mass upon harvest when treated with urea compared with organic fertilizers applied after 30 days from transplant. Keywords: fermented kangkong; fish trash; growth performance; lettuce; scrap seaweeds

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RESPON PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN CABAI MERAH TERHADAP BERBAGAI KONSENTRASI GARAM PADA INCEPTISOL JATINANGOR

Composite: Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian ◽

10.37577/composite.v3i01.299 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (01) ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Ibnu Rizki Perdana ◽

Mieke Rochimi S ◽

Pujawati Suryatmana

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Block Design ◽

Economic Value ◽

Soil Salinization ◽

Marginal Lands ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Nacl Concentration ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

Saline Land

Chili (Capsicum annum L) was one of the vegetable commodities that have a significant economic value. Farmland narrowed due to land conversion led to a shift of fertile agricultural lands into marginal lands such as saline land. This research aimed to determine respond of chili plant growth to salinity stress in Inceptisols. The experiment was conducted in August-October 2020 with located at Ciparanje Experimental field of Faculty of Agriculture, Padjadjaran University, Jatinangor District, Sumedang Regency. This research used randomized block design using four level treatment of NaCl concentration: 0 dS/m (a0), 2 dS/m (a1), 4 dS/m (a2), and 6 dS/m (a3). The result showed that there was no significant between treatment soil salinization of plant growth parameters like plant height and shoot root ratio but significant of number of leaves at 7 day after plant and canopy width at 28 day after plant on treatment salinization 6 dS/m.

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Physiological and Agronomic Responses of Four Rice Varieties to Drought in the Rainforest

Notulae Scientia Biologicae ◽

10.15835/nsb10210187 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 220-227 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mamadou FOFANA ◽

Lekan Suleiman SAKARIYAWO ◽

Mauton O. POPOGBE ◽

Akeem A. OYEKANMI ◽

Jamiu O. AZEEZ ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Deficit ◽

Growth Stage ◽

Upland Rice ◽

Water Status ◽

Block Design ◽

Physiological Mechanism ◽

International Institute ◽

Reproductive Growth ◽

Rice Varieties ◽

And Control

The present investigation tested the hypothesis that there would be variation in physiological responses to water deficit among rice varieties from different production ecologies, with contrasting tolerance to water deficit under repeated cycle of soil moisture deficit, at reproductive growth stage. A screen house and a field trial were conducted at International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Ibadan and Ikenne (Latitude 6° 52' N, Longitude 3° 43' E) respectively. Both experiments had rice varieties (‘IR 64’, ‘WAB 56-104’, ‘IR 77298-1-2-B-10’ and ‘NERICA 4’) and stress status (stress and control) as treatment factor’s, arranged in a randomised complete block design with three replicates. In both trials, the physiological mechanism that underpins varietal differences with repeated cycles of water deficit at the reproductive growth stage was more balanced water status, improved foliar characters, efficient photosynthetic capacity and higher grain yield in comparatively drought tolerant upland rice varieties (‘NERICA 4’ and ‘WAB 56-104’), as opposed with the results for the drought susceptible cultivar ‘IR 64’. A converse pattern was observed on water stressed rice, despite fewer cycles of water deficit on the field. The results could have suggested that the initiation of water deficit is the rate limiting step rather than its intensity at the reproductive growth stage.

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Effect of different application forms of efficient microorganisms on the agricultural productive of two bean cultivars

Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomía Medellín ◽

10.15446/rfnam.v72n3.76272 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 72 (3) ◽

pp. 8927-8935 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Alexander Calero Hurtado ◽

Yanery Pérez Díaz ◽

Dilier Olivera Viciedo ◽

Elieni Quintero Rodríguez ◽

Kolima Peña Calzada ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Block Design ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Control Soil ◽

Soil Inoculation ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Two Factors ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

The Common ◽

Number Of Seeds

The use of Efficient Microorganisms (EM) can be an effective alternative to improve plant growth and yield in the bean cultivation. Therefore, different forms of application of efficient microorganisms were evaluated in the production of two cultivars of the common bean from November of 2013 to March of 2014. Two factors were studied; the first one was comprised of the two cultivars, Velazco Largo (VL) and Cuba Cueto (CC-25-9-N). The second factor consisted of four treatments with EM; without EM (control), soil inoculation (100 mL L-1), foliage applications (100 mL L-1), and the combined soil inoculation (100 mL L-1) plus foliar applications (100 mL L-1). The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design, in factorial outline 2×4, with three repetitions. The agronomic indicators were evaluated as the number of leaves per plant, the height of plants, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, the mass of 100 seeds (g) and the yield (t ha-1). The results showed that the different forms of application of efficient microorganisms stimulated the agronomic indicators evaluated in both crops. The associated applications between the inoculation of the soil and foliage applications of efficient microorganisms provided better results, producing increments in the yield of 1.13 t ha-1 in VL and 2.15 t ha-1 in CC-25-9-N.

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EFFECTS OF SOIL COMPACTION ON DEVELOPMENT AND YIELD OF CORN (MAIZE)

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps78-066 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 58 (2) ◽

pp. 435-443 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

G. S. V. RAGHAVAN ◽

E. McKYES ◽

G. GENDRON ◽

B. BORGLUM ◽

H. H. LE

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Contact Pressure ◽

Soil Compaction ◽

Prediction Models ◽

Growth Models ◽

Block Design ◽

Soil Bulk Density ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Before And After ◽

Four Blocks

A 100-plot experiment was performed during the growing season of 1976 in a Ste. Rosalie clay soil, using a randomized complete-block design with 25 treatments of machinery traffic within each of four blocks. Three vehicle contact pressures, four numbers of tractor passes, before or after seeding groups and a control of zero traffic were used to relate the growth and yield variables to wheel traffic and resulting soil compaction. Plant emergence and tasselling were delayed with increasing machinery traffic. The plant growth rate monitored at 29, 44, 60, 74 and 88 days from the seeding time was dramatically different from plot to plot. Growth models at different times of the season were derived in terms of the product of contact pressure and number of passes of the vehicle. Plant and ear moisture contents were higher in plots with heavier traffic treatment. Yield, ear yield and grain yield all decreased with increases in machine contact pressure and passes. The reduction in yield was over 50% in some cases, suggesting that careful traffic planning is essential to obtain better production in agricultural fields. Prediction models were obtained for all the plant growth characteristics in terms of traffic variables for both before- and after-seeding treatments. A relation for yield in terms of soil bulk density was established.

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UJICOBA PENANAMAN LADA - LADA (Micromelum minutum) UNTUK PEMBINAAN HABITAT KUPU – KUPU DI TAMAN NASIONAL BANTIMURUNG BULUSARAUNG

ULIN Jurnal Hutan Tropis ◽

10.32522/ujht.v3i1.1958 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Heri Suryanto

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Efficient Method ◽

National Park ◽

Block Design ◽

Best Value ◽

Number Of Leaves

Butterfly is a typical fauna in Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park. Its population are more and more decreased in nature due to decreased of feed plant of butterfly caused by logging and encroachment. In order to get effective and efficient method, research was conducted. Butterfly improvement research in Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park was carried out in the evaluation of plant growth. Planting trials were carried out in using the Randomysed Completely Block Design (RCBD) method with 4 levels of fertilization treatment, i.e control, 300gr fertilizer dosage for planting holes, 600 gr for planting holes and 900 g for planting holes. The results showed that the best dose of manure in Micromelum minutum 600 gr treatment gave the best value of number of leaves. Chlorosis made growth of the plants were not optimal due to fast drainase of the soil.

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Peningkatan Pertumbuhan Tanaman Cabai dan Pengendalian Busuk Phytophthora melalui Biopriming Benih dengan Rizobakteri Asal Pertanaman Cabai Jawa Timur

Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia ◽

10.29244/jhi.8.3.171-182 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 171 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Aulia Zakia ◽

Satriyas Ilyas ◽

Candra Budiman ◽

Syamsuddin , ◽

Dyah Manohara

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Seed Treatment ◽

Block Design ◽

Phytophthora Capsici ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Phytophthora Blight ◽

Blight Disease ◽

And Control ◽

East West

ABSTRACT The objectives of this study was to evaluate biopriming of chili seed with rhizobacteria to improve plant growth and control Phytophthora blight disease in a greenhouse. This experiment used three isolates of rhizobacteria, i.e. E1, E3C2 and F2B1, and isolate Phytophthora capsici (Cb6) isolated from the production center of chili in East Jawa. Laris variety from PT. East West was used in this experiment. This experiment used randomized block design with one factor, i.e. 11 levels of seed treatment (E1 rhizobacteria, E3C2 rhizobacteria, F2B1 rhizobacteria, E1+E3C2 rhizobacteria, E1+F2B1 rhizobacteria, E1+E3C2+F2B1 rhizobacteria, seed soaking in water, without soaking, metalaxyl, positive control and negative control). The result showed that seed treatment with combination of E1+F2B1 isolates when grown in nursery, significantly increased the height and number of leaves in chilli. Besides, seed treatment with F2B1 isolate and combination of E1+F2B1 isolates after transplanting were capable to improve plant growth and control Phytophthora blight disease in greenhouse.Keywords: greenhouse, isolate rhizobacteria, Phytophthora capsici ABSTRAK Tujuan penelitian ini ialah mengevaluasi perlakuan biopriming benih cabai dengan rizobakteri dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan bibit dan mengendalikan kejadian busuk Phytophthora di rumah kaca. Perlakuan biopriming benih dengan rizobakteri menggunakan tiga isolat rizobakteri E1, E3C2 dan F2B1 dan isolat Phytophthora capsici Cb6 hasil eksplorasi pertanaman cabai Jawa Timur. Benih yang digunakan dalam percobaan merupakan benih varietas Laris produksi PT. East West. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok satu faktor, masing-masing perlakuan diulang empat kali, dengan 11 taraf perlakuan, antara lain R0+ (kontrol positif, benih direndam dalam PDB tanpa perlakuan rizobakteri dengan inokulasi P. capsici), R0- (kontrol negatif, benih direndam dalam PDB tanpa perlakuan rizobakteri dan tanpa inokulasi P. capsici), R1 (perlakuan benih dengan isolat E1), R2 (isolat E3C2), R3 (isolat F2B1), R4 (kombinasi isolat E1+E3C2), R5 (kombinasi isolat E1+F2B1), R6 (kombinasi isolat E1+E3C2+F2B1), R0RA (benih direndam dalam air 24 jam), R0TR (benih tanpa rendam), R0M (benih direndam dalam metalaksil). Tanah inokulum P. capsici diberikan 28 hari setelah pindah-tanam di sekitar pangkal batang tanaman cabai di bawah permukaan tanah. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan, perlakuan dengan kombinasi isolat E1+F2B1 saat persemaian di rumah kaca nyata meningkatkan tinggi dan jumlah daun tanaman cabai. Perlakuan benih dengan isolat F2B1 maupun kombinasi isolat E1+F2B1 setelah pindah-tanam di rumah kaca memiliki kemampuan meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman serta mengendalikan penyakit busuk Phytophthora. Kata kunci: isolat rizobakteri, Phytophthora capsici, rumah kaca

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EFFECTS OF CHITOSAN AND SALICYLIC ACID ON PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF EGGPLANT (Solanum melongena)

Knowex food and agriculture ◽

10.17501/2682728x.2021.2103 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 23-33

Author(s):

Sayed Eshaq Hossaini ◽

◽

Jaafar Juju Nakasha ◽

Siti Sakimin Zaharah ◽

Nur Omar Faezah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Salicylic Acid ◽

Growth And Development ◽

Block Design ◽

Solanum Melongena ◽

Physiological Characteristics ◽

Control Group ◽

Mean Values ◽

Fruit Species ◽

The Family ◽

Number Of Leaves

Eggplant (Solanum melongena) falls under the fruit species under the family of Solanaceae. It is grown widely throughout tropical and subtropical Zones in the world. It is a good source of phenolics, flavonoids, vitamins, calcium and protein. Due to its high nutritional properties, the demand for eggplant is increasing annually. However, due to limited planting space, it is difficult for the producers to increase the production in order to meet the demand. Thus, the objective of this study is to improve the growth and development of selected physiological characteristics of eggplant with chitosan and salicylic acid. The experiment was carried out in factorial randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 4 replications. This experiment was conducted at Field 15, Universiti Putra Malaysia. The plants were treated with chitosan and salicylic acid at four different rates; 0, 2, 4 and 6 ml/L for chitosan and 0, 50, 100 and 150 mg/L for salicylic acid. The treatments were applied either alone or in combination. Results revealed that the application of chitosan combined with salicylic acid influenced the physiological characteristics of the eggplant compared to the control group. Combination of 4 ml/L chitosan with 150 mg/L salicylic acid gave the highest mean values of plant height (107.13 cm), number of branches (14.91), number of leaves (136.08), total number of flowers per plant (101.8), compared to other treatments. Therefore, due to cost effectiveness and better impact on physiological characteristics the combination of 4 ml/L chitosan and 150 mg/L salicylic acid as foliar fertilizer is recommended to improve the growth and development of eggplant. Keywords: Solanum melongena, chitosan, salicylic acid, physiology

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Seedling Growth Analysis of Papaya Cultivated on Several Planting Media Enriched by Plant Growth Promotor Microbes

Caraka Tani Journal of Sustainable Agriculture ◽

10.20961/carakatani.v36i2.46882 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 36 (2) ◽

pp. 283

Author(s):

Dewi Fatria ◽

Andre Sparta ◽

Deni Emilda ◽

Bambang Hariyanto ◽

Tri Budiyanti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Seedling Growth ◽

Growth Analysis ◽

Block Design ◽

Medium Composition ◽

Media Composition ◽

Tropical Fruit ◽

Experimental Station ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Number Of Leaves

There are factors contributed to the growth and development of fruit crop seedling. Microbes are well known as plant growth promotors such as symbiotic mycorrhizae and antagonist fungi, Trichoderma spp. The main objective of this experiment is to find out the best medium composition enriched by beneficial microbes to improve papaya seedling growth. The experiment was conducted at Sumani Experimental Station, Indonesian Tropical Fruit Research Institute, Solok, West Sumatera, Indonesia from August until December 2017. The experiment was arranged in a Randomized Complete Block Design with ten treatments and three replicate blocks. The treatments were ten combinations of media for papaya seedling growth enriched by plant growth promotor microbes. In this experiment, medium soil with additional manure, rice husk charcoal and compost (single or combination) combined with mycorrhizae were used. Also, the effect of Trichoderma sp. enrichment into media composition were tested in this experiment. Treatments SCRMc and SCRMcT; with its complexity; were the best media composition to promote papaya seedling growth. These treatments resulted in best performance of plant height, stem diameter and number of leaves of papaya seedlings. The additional of Trichoderma sp. into medium did not show beneficial effect for all parameters in this experiment.

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Changes in Physiological and Relative Genes Expression Response of Mandarin Citrus (Citrus reticulata Blanco) cv Rimau Gerga Lebong (RGL) Grafted onto Different Citrus Rootstocks

Indian Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.18805/ijare.a-615 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Farida Yulianti ◽

Afifuddin Latif Adiredjo ◽

Lita Soetopo ◽

Sumeru Ashari

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Water Deficit ◽

Stomatal Density ◽

Block Design ◽

Physiological Responses ◽

Dry Season ◽

Relative Gene Expression ◽

Gene Expressions ◽

Relative Gene ◽

Better Than

Background: RGL mandarin is one of the important mandarin citrus varieties in Indonesia. The tolerance of RGL mandarin citrus to water deficit can be induced by the rootstock. This study aimed to characterize the physiological responses and transcriptional gene expression of RGL mandarin citrus grafted onto three rootstock genotypes during the dry and the rainy seasons.Methods: Three-years-old mandarin citrus trees cv. Rimau Gerga Lebong (RGL) grafted onto three citruses (JC, Cit and K) were planted at the experimental field of the ICISFRI. The experiment was conducted with a randomized block design and each scion-rootstock combination contained five replications. All of the physiological and relative gene expression parameters observed were conducted at the last of the dry season (September 2019) and the mid of the rainy season (January 2020). Water deficit was induced by no watering plants during the dry season.Result: The results of physiological responses and relative gene expression analyses showed that RGL-Cit combination had better than RGL-JC combination and RGL-JC combination had better than RGL-K combination. RGL-Cit combination showed less wilt than RGL-JC and RGL-K combinations. The RGL-Cit combination had the highest stomatal density, stomatal aperture, stomatal conductance and photosynthetic rate in the dry season. Different plant combinations showed different gene expressions. RGL-JC and RGL-K combinations were upregulated in almost all the primers related to drought responses tested in the dry season. RGL-Cit combination only upregulated the PIP1, PIP2 and ACS2 and unregulated the others in the dry season. Therefore, citrumelo seems to be a valuable type of rootstock.

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