Durability of potholes filled with waste materials

Abstract Repairing and maintenance of potholes continues to be a serious problem for road construction organizations as they need to be reconstructed time to time. For rural and suburb areas the maintenance of potholes is rarely done because of high cost of materials and availability of equipment. Here is when the idea of using waste materials in potholes patching is bolded. With rapid increase of population and construction industry the disposal of waste material seems to be a major challenge for country like Afghanistan where large amount of plastic is being disposed to environment which due to non-biodegradable properties of plastic it would stay in environment almost forever and will cause pollution. Hence, the utilization of waste plastic is a big need for countries. Simultaneously, with spreading cities and upgrading roads lack of origin materials may occur on the other hand waste demolished materials from destructed buildings are being disposed on country sides and often in cities which create land pollution and traffic congestion. However, they can be used in road construction as a replacement of natural aggregate and fillers. Which will reduce in cost of the projects and help in reduction of these materials form environment. In this research poly ethylene plastics (PE) were used as admixture of bitumen in 4%, 6%,8% and 10% which came out that 8% is best for the mix. Accordingly waste demolished aggregate was used as a fully replacement of original aggregate. Basic aggregate tests were done on demolished aggregate and it was found that it can be used in bitumen mixes for use in district roads and village roads.

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The Conjugated Triangle Method CTM of the detection of inconsistent bids in the construction industry

MATEC Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/matecconf/201821904003 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 219 ◽

pp. 04003 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Hubert Anysz ◽

Krzysztof Kaczorek

Keyword(s):

Construction Industry ◽

Road Construction ◽

The Other ◽

Construction Sector ◽

The Public ◽

The Road ◽

Bid Price ◽

Triangle Method ◽

Two Parameters ◽

Means Of Production

The existing system of bids evaluation in the construction industry does not bring the clients the certainty if all placed bids comprise real, achievable prices. Especially in the road construction sector, where the earthworks create significant part of the works, comparing e.g. the price of 1 km of roads often gives misleading results. The paper comprises the complete proposal to modify the scope of information provided by offerors in the public procurements (in the construction industry) allowing the clients to determine easily if the contractors have placed the consistent offers i.e. if the bid prices are not too high and if the lowest bid price is not a dumping price. The Conjugated Triangle Method (CTM) of inconsistent bid detection in construction industry is based on the three inter-related parameters: means of production, time of works, on the value of works. Regardless of the offered price it should match the other two parameters.

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Customisation and Desirable Characteristics of a Standard Method of Measurement for Building Works in Ghana

Construction Economics and Building ◽

10.5130/ajceb.v8i2.3004 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 30-40 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Gabriel Nani ◽

Peter Edwards ◽

Theophilus Adjei-Kumi ◽

Edward Badu ◽

Peter Amoah

Keyword(s):

Construction Industry ◽

Standard Method ◽

The Other ◽

Opinion Survey ◽

British Standard ◽

Industry Practice ◽

Precision Industry ◽

Method Of Measurement ◽

Insight Into ◽

Methods Of Measurement

This paper reports a study that identified andcategorised the modifications to the 5thEdition of the British Standard Method ofMeasurement (SMM5) of building works inGhana. Typical modifications involved ‘costinsignificant items’, ‘minor labour items’,‘custom units of measurement’, ‘methodrelated items’, ‘combinable items’,‘subordinate items’, and ‘items of minorinformative impact’. It was also observed thatthe desirable characteristics/ qualities ofstandard methods of measurement (SMM) ofbuilding work were noteworthy, since theyprovide insight into the nature of a SMMrequired for the construction industry inGhana.The research reviewed available literature,various SMMs and bills of quantities (BQs).The relevance of the modifications andSMM characteristics identified wasconfirmed by a survey of the opinions ofprofessional quantity surveyors conductedthrough a carefully designed questionnaire.Inferences from the opinion survey formedthe basis for grouping both SMMmodifications found and the desired qualitiesof a SMM for Ghana.Survey respondents confirmed all theidentified modifications to the British SMM,except for the elimination of items of minorinformative impact. It was held that allinformation was relevant in measurement.Desirable characteristics of a SMM were ratedin decreasing order of relevance as: easylocation of items; cost significance; simplicity;thoroughness; ease of cost analysis; goodpractice; conciseness; adoptability; precision;industry practice; stakeholders’ opinion;custom classification; regional relevance; andinclusion of jargon. It was noted that therelevance of these characteristics may varyform one region to the other as a result oftechnological, cultural and legal differences.However, the desired SMM characteristicswere recommended as fundamental indeveloping an appropriate SMM for Ghana.

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Effect of Fly Ash on Compressive Strength, Drying Shrinkage, and Carbonation Depth of Mortar with Ferronickel-Slag Powder

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11031037 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 1037

Author(s):

Se-Jin Choi ◽

Ji-Hwan Kim ◽

Sung-Ho Bae ◽

Tae-Gue Oh

Keyword(s):

Compressive Strength ◽

Fly Ash ◽

Construction Industry ◽

Bituminous Coal ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Drying Shrinkage ◽

The Other ◽

Test Results ◽

Slag Powder ◽

Ferronickel Slag

In recent years, efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions have continued worldwide. In the construction industry, a large amount of CO2 is generated during the production of Portland cement, and various studies are being conducted to reduce the amount of cement and enable the use of cement substitutes. Ferronickel slag is a by-product generated by melting materials such as nickel ore and bituminous coal, which are used as raw materials to produce ferronickel at high temperatures. In this study, we investigated the fluidity, microhydration heat, compressive strength, drying shrinkage, and carbonation characteristics of a ternary cement mortar including ferronickel-slag powder and fly ash. According to the test results, the microhydration heat of the FA20FN00 sample was slightly higher than that of the FA00FN20 sample. The 28-day compressive strength of the FA20FN00 mix was approximately 39.6 MPa, which was higher than that of the other samples, whereas the compressive strength of the FA05FN15 mix including 15% of ferronickel-slag powder was approximately 11.6% lower than that of the FA20FN00 mix. The drying shrinkage of the FA20FN00 sample without ferronickel-slag powder was the highest after 56 days, whereas the FA00FN20 sample without fly ash showed the lowest shrinkage compared to the other mixes.

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Measuring the service gaps in the roles of quantity surveyors in the emerging market

Benchmarking An International Journal ◽

10.1108/bij-07-2014-0066 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 23 (5) ◽

pp. 1111-1131 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

AbdulLateef Olanrewaju

Keyword(s):

Emerging Markets ◽

Construction Industry ◽

Design Methodology ◽

Emerging Market ◽

Supply And Demand ◽

The Other ◽

Primary Data ◽

Content Type ◽

Practical Implications ◽

Survey Questionnaires

Purpose – The opportunities that the emerging markets present to the players in the construction industry means that the players need to expand on the scope and size of their responsibilities and duties to the stakeholders. Each of the professionals now demands more specialised and sophisticated services from one another. The other players in the construction industry now require more emerging responsibilities and duties from the quantity surveyors. The purpose of this paper is to examine the roles that “modern” quantity surveyors play by measuring the gaps that exist in the services that the quantity surveyors provide. Design/methodology/approach – Primary data are collected through survey questionnaires. In total, 23 roles played by modern quantity surveyors are identified and addressed to the respondents to rank the rate at which quantity surveyors provide these “emerging” services. The collected data were analysed statistically. Findings – The results of the findings led to the conclusion that the quantity surveyors were not meeting the expectations of other players. Therefore, for competitiveness, quantity surveyors need to better meet demand expectations. Research limitations/implications – This findings of this research are constrained to the services or functions that the quantity provide in the construction industry. Practical implications – This knowledge is valuable to academic institutions that offer quantity surveying programmes, to practicing quantity surveyors, governments, and other players in the construction industry. It will allow quantity surveyors to reconcile supply and demand expectations. Originality/value – There is no known conclusive empirical study on services offered by quantity surveyors in any emerging markets. Therefore, the findings offer a fresh understanding on the services of quantity surveyors not only in Nigeria but elsewhere. While some of the services are common, others are peculiar to emerging markets.

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Evaluation Indexes System for Assessing Road Construction with Recycled Waste Materials to Achieve Better Environmental Impacts

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.250-253.1001 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 250-253 ◽

pp. 1001-1006 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

De Zhen Chen ◽

Cui Jie Geng ◽

Wen Zhou Sun

Keyword(s):

Energy Consumption ◽

Environmental Impact ◽

Waste Disposal ◽

Large Scale ◽

Construction Material ◽

Bottom Ash ◽

Road Construction ◽

Waste Materials ◽

Evaluation Indexes ◽

Recycled Waste

Evaluation indexes system has been put forward in this paper for quantifying thesystematical energy consumption, resources consumption, total emissions’ change and waste disposal capacity in road construction with recycled waste materials involved. With help of this evaluation indexes system, the contributions to environmental improvement caused by recycling waste materials in road construction can be quantified through calculating savings on environmental impact potentials, savings on energy consumption, on virgin materials’ consumption and waste disposal capacity provided by road construction. Based on the construction project of a road section numbered No.20 EWK0+400 ~ EWK0+600 of North highway to Shanghai Pudong international airport, which was the first trial project of using several kinds of recycled waste materials including bottom ash from incinerators to replace commonly used materials such as gravel in large scale in road pavement, the results of the four indexes, namely, savings on energy consumption and virgin materials’ consumption, environmental impact potentials as well as waste disposal capacity were obtained. It was found out that with multi recycled waste materials replacing part of the common construction material, systematical energy consumption can be reduced by 30%, a large amount of virgin resource consumption can be avoid and road construction also provides a remarkable large “dumping site” for solid wastes; while at the same time environmental impact potentials were saved for most impact categories except for increase in Ecotoxicity, water chronic, which was caused by heavy metals’ leaching and can be prevented by pre-treatment. Those results are useful for guiding the utilization of recycled waste materials, as well as for developing new technology process and advanced materials in road construction.

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Design of Urban Vehicle Dynamic and Real-Time Navigation System Based on WSNs, GPS, and GPRS Techniques

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.765-767.3291 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 765-767 ◽

pp. 3291-3294

Author(s):

Cheng Lin Li ◽

Zhi Yong Jiang

Keyword(s):

Real Time ◽

Global Positioning System ◽

Navigation System ◽

Traffic Congestion ◽

Road Construction ◽

Sensor Nodes ◽

Wireless Sensor ◽

General Packet Radio Service ◽

Vehicle Navigation System ◽

Global Positioning

Currently, the traffic congestion is a significant problem encountered in urban development, which should be resolved depending primarily on the management and deployment under the circumstance that road construction isn't able to keep the pace of automobile growth. WSNs (Wireless sensor networks), made up of numerous sensor nodes, form a multi-hop and self-organizing cellular system by wireless communication, which can realize real-time monitoring and collecting environmental information by cooperation. In this paper, a design of real-time and dynamic city vehicle navigation system is presented based on WSNs, GPS(Global Positioning System), and GPRS(General Packet Radio Service) techniques..

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Overview of CAST project

Radiocarbon ◽

10.1017/rdc.2018.142 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 60 (6) ◽

pp. 1649-1656

Author(s):

Simon Norris ◽

Manuel Capouet

Keyword(s):

Ion Exchange ◽

Radioactive Waste ◽

European Commission ◽

Source Term ◽

The Other ◽

Waste Materials ◽

Special Edition ◽

Gaseous Species ◽

Geological Disposal ◽

Carbon 14

ABSTRACTThe European Commission CAST project (CArbon-14 Source Term) aimed to develop understanding of the potential release mechanisms of carbon-14 (radiocarbon, 14C) from radioactive waste materials under conditions relevant to waste packaging and disposal to underground geological disposal facilities. The project focused on the release of carbon-14 as dissolved and gaseous species from irradiated metals (steels, Zircaloys), from spent ion-exchange materials and from irradiated graphites. This paper provides an overview of the CAST project and its output. It also acts as an introduction and scene-setter to the other papers in this special edition of Radiocarbon.

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Analysis of Time Delay and Cost Overrun in Road Construction

International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering - Special Issue ◽

10.35940/ijitee.i3191.0789s319 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (9S3) ◽

pp. 901-907

Keyword(s):

Economic Development ◽

Time Delay ◽

Construction Industry ◽

Road Construction ◽

Cost Overrun

Road construction is the important division in the construction industry and the most predominant part of a society. The roadway defines the development of a country or a state and brings in the economic development of the same. The reasons for choosing a project on the roadways are its vast scope of day to day development and progress in this area. Thus it is clearly seen that roadways is the most essential in todays world without which progress and development cannot take place at full fledge. Therefore any delay in completion of a road constructing project may have its impact in degrading of a society. Also at the same time the budget overrun or cost overrun of such project is highly unbearable.

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BARRIERS TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS IN THE NIGERIAN CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY

Journal of Information System and Technology Management ◽

10.35631/jistm.624009 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (24) ◽

pp. 90-99

Author(s):

Adetunji Kamoli ◽

Razali Adul Hamid ◽

Syamsul Hendra Mahmud

Keyword(s):

Construction Industry ◽

Safety Management ◽

Health And Safety ◽

Occupational Accidents ◽

Management Systems ◽

Safety Management Systems ◽

Construction Organizations ◽

The Government ◽

Lack Of Commitment ◽

Collaborative Efforts

OHSMS has become the main part of the establishment’s lifeline and a prerequisite for its stability in the 21st century. There is a growing need for OHSMS, in its ability to solve occupational accidents and also to develop a robust relationship among the stakeholders. The mission of OHSMS has not been followed in the Nigerian construction industry. The study, therefore, explores the barriers to the development of OHSMS in the Nigerian construction industry. The study adopted a literature review of OHSMS and thereafter, 300 structured questionnaires were administered to the construction professionals in the built environment of the Nigerian nation’s Capital-Abuja. 247 of the administered questionnaires were returned, considered for the analysis of the study. The data were analysed with SPSS and excel. The findings of the study indicate that the lack of commitment of the government, inefficient regulatory authorities, and lack of expertise in the OHS activities are the major barriers to the development of OHSMS. The study recommends collaborative efforts from the construction organizations, employees, and construction professionals to support the government on the OHSMS.

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Analysis of Request for Proposals in Construction Industry

Quality Innovation Prosperity ◽

10.12776/qip.v20i1.686 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 104 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Michal Tkáč ◽

Radoslav Delina ◽

Martina Sabolová

Keyword(s):

Construction Industry ◽

Single Case ◽

The Other ◽

Pareto Analysis ◽

Construction Companies ◽

Potential Client ◽

Other Hand ◽

Quantitative Results ◽

Main Barrier

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to identify and determine reasons why construction companies reject some of the request for proposals (RFPS) suitable for them. Methodology/Approach: The research has several parts. Within the first part the list of reasons which lead to rejection of RFPS and thus potential client are identified. Then the comparison of differences between groups of rejected RFPS with different configuration is made. The last part of research use Pareto analysis to determine most obvious and most costly reasons of rejection of RFPS. Findings: The paper identifies 12 reasons, why construction companies decline to prepare proposal for their potential clients. It also doesn’t confirm that configuration of RFPS has significant impact on the rejection of RFPS. Moreover the results on the other hand showed that insufficient trust represent the main barrier which influences the rejection of RFPS in selected company. Research Limitation/implication: The main limitation of the research is that it is based on single case study. Although, the quantitative results have to be generalised very carefully, on the other hand paper provide list of the possible reasons why construction companies decline to compete for an offer. Originality/Value of paper: The paper provides unique perspective because apart from traditional attitude, where only the submitted RFPS are evaluated, this paper analyses rejected RFPS and tries to identify and determine reasons why construction companies decide not to prepare proposal and thus reduce the possibility to acquire new contract.

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