scholarly journals Ecological safety of penitentiary institutions in Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 937 (4) ◽  
pp. 042002
Author(s):  
V Voroshuk ◽  
I Karavae ◽  
O Pronin ◽  
S Novitskiy ◽  
E Frolova
Keyword(s):  
Hazardous Waste ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Penal System ◽  
Ecological Safety ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Untreated Wastewater ◽  
Penal Institutions ◽  
Treatment Facilities

Abstract The work is devoted to the issues of ecological safety of production in penitentiary institutions in Russia. The production and economic activity of penitentiary institutions is analyzed from the point of view of its impact on the environment. The main sources of environmental pollution by institutions of the penitentiary system are listed and ways of their solution are proposed. The state and experience of solving problems of environmental safety in different territorial bodies are shown. The question is raised about the work of environmental structures in the activities of the penal system facilities. The authors analyze the powers of the structures under consideration and the problems arising in the implementation of their duties. The main problematic aspects of environmental safety are highlighted, including the absence in penitentiary institutions of Russia in the required means of measuring and monitoring the technical condition of environmental structures and equipment in penal institutions; ineffective operation of the existing treatment facilities due to their deterioration or congestion; presence at the enterprises of the penal system of hazardous waste, including highly toxic; insufficiently productive work on the development of environmental design documentation and obtaining permits for emissions of pollutants into the air, for discharges of untreated wastewater into water bodies, for licensing of hazardous waste management activities. As a result - a large number of sanctions for violation of environmental legislation. As measures to ensure environmental safety in the Russian penitentiary system, the authors, among other things, propose: the development and adoption of an order of the Ministry of Justice regulating environmental safety in the penal system; ensuring the attraction of investments for the timely implementation of environmental protection measures; establishment and organization of sanitary protection zones.

LEGAL, MORAL AND ETHICAL SIDE OF THE OFFENSE, DISCREDITING HONOR EMPLOYEE THE PENAL SYSTEM

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-218
Author(s):  
OKSANA KOCHKINA ◽  
◽  
OLGA MARCHUK ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Penal System ◽  
Moral Norms ◽  
Ethical Aspects ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Personal Qualities ◽  
Executive System ◽  
Correction System

The article examines the legal and moral and ethical aspects of a misdemeanor that discredits the honor of an employee of the criminal Executive system. The considered reason for dismissal has the main feature associated with the integration of legal and moral norms, which often raises a lot of questions about the attribution of a particular offense to this basis. Using the analysis of normative legal acts, the authors attempt to identify the signs that contribute to the separation of the studied grounds for dismissal from all their diversity. The classification of offenses that discredit the honor of an employee of the criminal Executive system is presented, which allows to systematize and organize the knowledge obtained about the considered grounds for dismissal. The analysis of a misdemeanor that defames the honor of an employee of the penal system from a moral and ethical position gives an understanding, first of all, that it does not have a clear regulation from the point of view of the law, but the consequences of committing such a misdemeanor are clearly legal. The concepts of “honor” and “dignity” are considered as ethical categories and are analyzed as personal qualities that are manifested in an employee of the penal correction system during the period of service. These categories in the behavior of a person or employee are manifested both externally (assessment from the outside) and internally (self-assessment). The article describes the value orientation of an employee of the criminal Executive system to ethical standards in professional activity, which is an integral part of the moral and ethical side of a misdemeanor that discredits the honor of an employee.

Effectiveness of Flood Protection Project Valuation Methods

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-289
Author(s):  
Tadeusz Liziński ◽  
Marcin Bukowski ◽  
Anna Wróblewska
Keyword(s):  
Essential Element ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Flood Protection ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Investment Projects ◽  
Market Values ◽  
Project Valuation ◽  
The Subject

Projects for flood protection are increasingly the subject of investment projects in the field of water management. This is related to the increasing frequency of worldwide threats caused by extreme weather conditions, including extremely high rainfall causing floods. Technical and nontechnical flood protection measures are also increasing in importance. In the decision-making process, it is necessary to take into account both the costs and benefits of avoiding losses, including an analysis of social benefits, whose valuation of non-market goods is an essential element. A comprehensive account of projects in the field of flood protection based on the estimated costs and benefits of the investment allows the economic efficiency from a general social point of view to be determined. Previous evaluations of the effectiveness of investment projects have mainly taken into account only categories and market values. The aim of the article is to identify the possibilities to expand the values of non-market assessments and categories formulated on the basis of the theoretical economics of the environment. 

Application of fiber-optic measuring technology and phase-chronometric method for control and monitoring of technical condition of aircraft structures

2021 ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
Stanislav S. Khabarov ◽  
Alexander S. Komshin
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Flight Performance ◽  
Diagnostic Systems ◽  
Safe Operation ◽  
Excess Reserves ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Original Approach

Problems of ensuring the safe operation of an aircraft from the point of view of the fatigue life of its structure are considered. The relevance of the creation and implementation of diagnostic systems for monitoring the technical condition of structures of complex technical objects is shown on the example of a helicopter. An original approach to the creation and implementation of complex systems for diagnostics and monitoring of the technical condition of complex technical objects is presented, combining fiber-optic measuring technology and phase-chronometric method. It is shown that the use of monitoring and diagnostic systems ensures the transition to operation based on the actual technical condition. The proposed approach makes it possible to increase the time between overhaul intervals and reduce excess reserves in terms of the reliability factors of structures, which increases the flight performance of aircraft.

MODERN PROBLEMS OF FORMING THE DISCOURSE IN THE PHILOSOPHY OF SOCIAL SECURITY

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 51-59
Author(s):  
S. Kononov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Security Policy ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Philosophical Discussion ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
The Social

The article is devoted to the analysis of the problems of a social security modern discourse formation in the framework of a philosophical discussion of the transformation processes of the formation vector of the state security policy. The task of the article, according to the author, is to present the problem of security in conditions when it ceases to be understood, as a concept associated with the idea of preserving the integrity of a state or nation, and functions as a phenomenon with the broadest possible social parameters. Using the methodology of phenomenological, hermeneutic and comparative analysis, the new areas of security research, common difference of which is social and personal orientation are analyzed. The author pays attention to the features of the methodology of works reflecting the point of view of the modern state, works related to the development of a systematic approach to security, works based on an axiological approach and concludes that, despite the expansion of security interpretations, all these approaches retain a common ideological foundation. presupposing the need to preserve the leading role of the state in the field of social security, including the security of the individual and society and the state. All these approaches are based on the policy of responding to emerging threats to the Russian state and do not reflect the needs of a comprehensive strategic goal-setting covering the sphere of socio-economic development of the social system. This circumstance, according to the author, leads to the formation of a security strategy that exists only in the name of protecting the state and does not imply feedback between the state and the social institutions that the state is going to protect, which leads to the ineffectiveness of modern protection measures and the need to find new ways to justify the need for this protection, a new definition of its content and essence

Сase-systems for development of multiagent system (MAS) in the system of diagnostics and maintenance of vehicles

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-93
Author(s):  
Viacheslav Pavlenko ◽  
◽  
Volodymyr Manuylov ◽  
Volodymyr Kuzhel ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Multi Agent Systems ◽  
Agent Systems ◽  
Software Products ◽  
Multi Agent ◽  
Software Code ◽  
Low Performance ◽  
Intelligent Methods

The article provides a comparative analysis of existing software products and libraries that allow the design of multi-agent systems for diagnostics and maintenance systems for modern cars. The authors substantiate two main shortcomings inherent in all products - analogues: the need for high qualification of the user as a software code developer, and low performance of intelligent methods in the structure of agents, which worsens their performance. Both manufacturers and car owners are objectively interested in the widespread use of telematics systems for monitoring the technical condition of cars. Predictive diagnostics gives them access to a huge amount of information about all the nuances of car operation, wherever they are, during the entire service life. The application of this approach using a multi-agent system (MAS) will allow taking the next step in this direction. Information from the connected vehicles goes to the main server. Systematization and analysis of data make it possible to establish the causes of malfunctions, identify patterns of their occurrence and make further predictions. Purpose of the work: to perform a comparative analysis of existing software products and libraries that allow the design of multi-agent systems. The topic of the work is disclosed on the example of the analysis of software tools for the development and design of MAS at the present stage. There are a number of systems and libraries on the market designed for the development of multi-agent systems. These Case - systems are suitable for the development of multi-agent systems of any direction, that is, they are universal from this point of view. Therefore, for us it is a universal application tool for the automotive industry. Ultimately, the work performed a comparative analysis of existing software products and libraries that allow the design of multi-agent systems. The analysis revealed two main drawbacks inherent in all products - analogs: the need for high user qualifications as a developer of software code, and low indicators of the possibilities of introducing intelligent methods into the structure of agents, worsens the indicators of their work.

scholarly journals The Management of Hazardous Solid Waste in India: An Overview

Environments ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leelavathy Karthikeyan ◽  
Venkatesan Suresh ◽  
Vignesh Krishnan ◽  
Terry Tudor ◽  
Vedha Varshini
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Hazardous Waste ◽  
The State ◽  
Hazardous Waste Management ◽  
Governance Systems ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
Hazardous Solid Waste ◽  
Adaptive Technologies ◽  
Mega Cities

Due largely to economic development, industrialization, and changing lifestyles, quantity of hazardous waste in India is rising significantly. This is particularly true in mega cities, where populations are large and growing. Due to a range of factors including limitations in governance systems, inadequate treatment facilities, limitations in compliance and regulation, and limited trained and skilled stakeholders, the management of hazardous solid waste in the country is largely ineffective. One exception to this is the State of Gujarat, which has sought to implement a number of strategies to better manage the rising quantities of hazardous solid waste being produced. This article highlights the management of solid waste in the country for an effective mitigation of various hazards. Further, this article focused on adaptive technologies for the hazardous waste management all over the country more specifically in the state of Gujarat.

scholarly journals FIELD OF TASKS OF THE CONSTRUCTION OBJECT

2020 ◽  
pp. 78-83
Author(s):  
Elena Gorda
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Information Modeling ◽  
Theoretical Point ◽  
Construction Design ◽  
Information Models ◽  
Merger Integration ◽  
Concept Classification

The generalization of the concept of the task in terms of information environments of construction [ISB] is performed. The approach to the presentation of such concepts as construction issues, construction problem, ontology, idea, concept, classification of problems, tasks, directions, objects included in the staging part of the tasks taking into account the specifics of the tasks solved within the developed information technologies in construction issues. The paper defines and investigates on the basis of methods of construction geodesy the actual tasks of construction, design, modeling, monitoring and their totality in the field of construction by means of information theory. An approach to the description of the technical condition of a construction object on the basis of information modeling in the management of the construction process and information modeling within the life cycle is proposed and described. Information modeling is a process, the results of each stage of which, ie information models of the building, differ greatly from each other depending on the stage of the life cycle of the object and the requirements for modeling in solving emerging problems. The construction object strongly depends on the stage of its existence: if during the design it is virtual, and during construction it gradually finds a real embodiment, then at a long stage of operation the building enters a period of stability and is no longer subject to significant changes. An information model is a variable object that depends on the range of tasks to be solved. Using the methods of construction geodesy in the field of construction, the field of problems, class of problems, the concept of the problem, the state of the problem, subtasks, chains of problems, problem solving and the result of solving the problem, the relationship between problems setting the transformation of aggregation, merger, integration. The urgency of the task from a theoretical point of view is determined by the expansion of the ontology of construction as a science, from an applied point of view is determined by the possibility of accurate formalization of regulatory information and documentation in construction.

scholarly journals Analysis of storm water systems and sanitary sewers: technical, organizational and economic aspects

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktoriia Vorobiyova ◽  
Galina Astratova
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Local Treatment ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Economic Aspects ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Qualified Personnel ◽  
Systems Identification ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
The Moment

The analysis of systems of storm and household Sewerage on the basis of research of some technical, organizational and economic aspects of activity of systems is carried out. It is shown that at the moment the problem of wastewater treatment is extremely relevant. It is established that many companies discharge a large amount of waste water, which is not actually treated in local reservoirs. It is revealed that in the studied area in the Russian Federation as a whole and in the Sverdlovsk region, in particular, there is a failure to comply with the standards of treatment facilities. The key reasons for this situation are the following main factors: physical deterioration of the equipment, unsatisfactory technical condition of treatment facilities; mismatch of the composition of incoming wastewater and treatment systems; lack of wastewater treatment facilities; under-load on hydraulics and uneven flow of wastewater; violation of technical and technological modes of operation of treatment facilities; untimely carrying out of repair and restoration works, replacement of the failed equipment, units and parts; lack of sufficient financing of the industry, financing on the «residual principle»; lack of highly qualified personnel for the implementation of competent operation of treatment facilities; etc. The authors believe that in order to improve the quality of wastewater discharged, reduce their impact on water bodies, reduce the volume of wastewater emissions, the following priority measures are needed: construction of new, reconstruction and expansion of existing treatment facilities; construction of local treatment facilities, post-treatment units; commissioning of recycling and re-water supply systems; identification of additional sources of financing for the treatment facilities system, including through concession agreements, the creation of private-public partnerships; formation of «the state order» and allocation of target budgetary places in colleges and higher education institutions on training in the specialties connected with housing and communal services, water consumption and water disposal.

scholarly journals Improvement of the method of purification of exhaust gases in the production of asphalt concrete

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 218-225
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Hazardous Waste ◽  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Working Life ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Purification System ◽  
Gaseous Waste ◽  
Harmful Substances

The article analyzes the air protection measures of LLP «Asphaltbeton» demonstrated the disadvantages of the efficacy of the purification system for calculating waste emissions and scattering of atmospheric contaminants, as the concentration of sludge substances (dust) is 2.5 times more than 1.206 mg/m3, and nitrogen, the concentration of carbon dioxide and the amount of hydrocarbons in the sanitary dimensions and according to it. The effectiveness of purification of exhaust gas from the asphalt mixer D-645 with the CF-10 chain filter allowed the choice of more systems. The calculations in the FTS-10 showed that it is possible to efficiently clean gas emissions from 95% to 95% by removing the waste from gaseous waste. When preparing asphalt concrete, harmful substances such as dust, oxides, nitrogen and carbon, hydrocarbon are distributed. Therefore, the permissible threshold for all hazardous waste recycling sites has been identified (DHM, mg/m3), which prevents the dust, steam, gas workers from exposing the flu or fluid to the workplace while maintaining a working life of less than 8 hours per day.

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