scholarly journals Evaluation of the progeny produced by interspecific hybridization between Camelina sativa and C. microcarpa

2020 ◽  
Vol 125 (6) ◽  
pp. 993-1002
Author(s):  
Mark Tepfer ◽  
Aurélie Hurel ◽  
Frédérique Tellier ◽  
Eric Jenczewski
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Camelina Sativa ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Wild Relative ◽  
Developmental Abnormalities ◽  
Interspecific Crossing

Abstract Background and aims Camelina (Camelina sativa, Brassicaceae) has attracted interest in recent years as a novel oilseed crop, and an increasing number of studies have sought to enhance camelina’s yield potential or to modify the composition of its oil. The ability of camelina to cross-hybridize with its wild relative, C. microcarpa, is of interest as a potential source of genetic variability for the crop. Methods Manual crosses were performed between the crop C. sativa and its wild relative C. microcarpa; F1 and F2 progenies were obtained. Cytology was used to study meiosis in the parents and F1s and to evaluate pollen viability. Flow cytometry was used to estimate nuclear DNA amounts and fatty acid methyl ester analysis was used to evaluate the lipid composition of F3 seeds. Key Results The F1 plants obtained by interspecific crossing presented severe abnormalities at meiosis and low pollen viability, and produced very few F2 seeds. The F2s presented diverse phenotypes and in some cases severe developmental abnormalities. Many F2s were aneuploid. The F2s produced highly variable numbers of F3 seeds, and certain F3 seeds presented atypical lipid profiles. Conclusions Considering the meiotic abnormalities observed and the probability of aneuploidy in the F2 plants, the C. microcarpa accessions used in this study would be difficult to use as sources of genetic variability for the crop.

A New Report for Downy Mildew [(Hyaloperonospora camelinae Gäum.) Göker, Voglmayr, Riethm., M. Weiss & Oberw. 2003] of Camelina [Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz] in the High Plains of the United States

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert M. Harveson ◽  
Dipak K. Santra ◽  
Melodie L. Putnam ◽  
Marc Curtis ◽  
Alexander D. Pavlista
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
The United States ◽  
Camelina Sativa ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Plains ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Good Potential ◽  
Pcr Assays

Camelina is a new oilseed crop in Nebraska with good potential as a source of biodiesel. While evaluating cultivars for adaptability and yield potential, an epidemic of downy mildew was observed in research plots in Scottsbluff, NE. The pathogen was identified as Hyaloperonospora camelinae through morphological characteristics and PCR assays. This is the first substantiated report for this disease in the High Plains of the United States. Accepted for publication 20 September 2011. Published 14 October 2011.

scholarly journals Differential physio-biochemical and yield responses of Camelina sativa L. under varying irrigation water regimes in semi-arid climatic conditions

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0242441
Author(s):  
Zeeshan Ahmed ◽  
Junhe Liu ◽  
Ejaz Ahmad Waraich ◽  
Yan Yan ◽  
Zhiming Qi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Camelina Sativa ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Biochemical Activity ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Arid Conditions ◽  
Yield Responses ◽  
Semi Arid

Camelina sativa L. is an oilseed crop with wide nutritional and industrial applications. Because of favorable agronomic characteristics of C. sativa in a water-limiting environment interest in its production has increased worldwide. In this study the effect of different irrigation regimes (I0 = three irrigations, I1 = two irrigations, I2 = one irrigation and I3 = one irrigation) on physio-biochemical responses and seed yield attributes of two C. sativa genotypes was explored under semi-arid conditions. Results indicated that maximum physio-biochemical activity, seed yield and oil contents appeared in genotype 7126 with three irrigations (I0). In contrast water deficit stress created by withholding irrigation (I1, I2 and I3) at different growth stages significantly reduced the physio-biochemical activity as well as yield responses in both C. sativa genotypes. Nonetheless the highest reduction in physio-biochemical and yield attributes were observed in genotype 8046 when irrigation was skipped at vegetative and flowering stages of crop (I3). In genotypic comparison, C. sativa genotype 7126 performed better than 8046 under all I1, I2 and I3 irrigation treatments. Because 7126 exhibited better maintenance of tissue water content, leaf gas exchange traits and chlorophyll pigment production, resulting in better seed yield and oil production. Findings of this study suggest that to achieve maximum yield potential in camelina three irrigations are needed under semi-arid conditions, however application of two irrigations one at flowering and second at silique development stage can ensure an economic seed yield and oil contents. Furthermore, genotype 7126 should be adopted for cultivation under water limited arid and semi-arid regions due to its better adaptability.

scholarly journals Genome-edited Camelina sativa with a unique fatty acid content and its potential impact on ecosystems

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina Kawall
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Genome Editing ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Fatty Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Camelina Sativa ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stress ◽  
Multiple Copies

Abstract‘Genome editing’ is intended to accelerate modern plant breeding enabling a much faster and more efficient development of crops with improved traits such as increased yield, altered nutritional composition, as well as resistance to factors of biotic and abiotic stress. These traits are often generated by site-directed nuclease-1 (SDN-1) applications that induce small, targeted changes in the plant genomes. These intended alterations can be combined in a way to generate plants with genomes that are altered on a larger scale than it is possible with conventional breeding techniques. The power and the potential of genome editing comes from its highly effective mode of action being able to generate different allelic combinations of genes, creating, at its most efficient, homozygous gene knockouts. Additionally, multiple copies of functional genes can be targeted all at once. This is especially relevant in polyploid plants such as Camelina sativa which contain complex genomes with multiple chromosome sets. Intended alterations induced by genome editing have potential to unintentionally alter the composition of a plant and/or interfere with its metabolism, e.g., with the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites such as phytohormones or other biomolecules. This could affect diverse defense mechanisms and inter-/intra-specific communication of plants having a direct impact on associated ecosystems. This review focuses on the intended alterations in crops mediated by SDN-1 applications, the generation of novel genotypes and the ecological effects emerging from these intended alterations. Genome editing applications in C. sativa are used to exemplify these issues in a crop with a complex genome. C. sativa is mainly altered in its fatty acid biosynthesis and used as an oilseed crop to produce biofuels.

scholarly journals Genetic Variability and Association Analysis of SomeQuantitative Characters in Sweet Corn

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 404
Author(s):  
Ozlem ALAN ◽  
Gulcan KINACI ◽  
Engin KINACI ◽  
Imren KUTLU ◽  
Zekiye BUDAK BASCİFTCİ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Solid Concentration ◽  
Kernel Quality ◽  
Soluble Solid

The objective of this study was to determine genetic variability, heritability, genetic advance, genotypic and phenotypic correlations of yield, yield components and kernel quality traits in seven sweet corn varieties. The present research was conducted during 2009 and 2010 growing season in Eskisehir, midwestern Turkey. The trials were set up in randomised complete block design with four replications. Analysis of variance observed highly significant differences for all the examined traits in both years. Sugar content, soluble solid concentration and number of leaves per plant revealed the highest genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation values. The high heritability estimates coupled with high genetic advance for sugar content, soluble solid concentration and starch content. Positive correlations were revealed between yield (husked, dehusked and fresh kernel) and yield components except plant height and 1000 seed weight. Negative correlations were found between kernel quality and yield and yield related traits. It can be concluded that, husked ear weight and dehusked ear weight could be used as the main criteria for yield improvement. It should be unfeasible to develop sweet corn varieties with satisfactory yield potential and improved kernel quality for the different sweet corn markets.

scholarly journals Camelina (Camelina sativa L. Crantz) Crop Performance, Insect Pollinators, and Pollen Dispersal in the Northeastern US

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Rizzitello ◽  
Chuan-Jie Zhang ◽  
Carol Auer
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Pollen Dispersal ◽  
Camelina Sativa ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Crop Failure ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Insect Visitation ◽  
Pollinating Insects

AbstractCamelina sativa (camelina) is an oilseed crop in the Brassicaceae that has been genetically engineered for the production of biofuels, dietary supplements, and other industrial compounds. Cultivation in North America is both recent and limited, so there are gaps in knowledge regarding yield, weed competition, and pollen-mediated gene flow. For these experiments, camelina ‘SO-40’ was grown for three years without weed control. Spring-sown camelina was harvested at 80-88 days with ∼1200 growing degree days (GDD) with yields of 425-508 kg/hectare. Camelina yields were the same with or without weeds, showing competitive ability in low-management conditions. Crop failure in 2015 was associated with delayed rainfall and above-average temperatures after seeding. Camelina flowers attracted pollinating insects from the Hymenoptera, Diptera, Lepidoptera, and Coleoptera. Hymenoptera included honey bees (Apis melifera), mining bees (Andrenidae), sweat bees (Halictidae), bumble bees (Bombus spp.) and leaf cutter bees (Megachilidae). Insect visitation on camelina flowers was associated with modest increases in seed yield. Honey bees comprised 28-33% of all pollinators and were shown to carry camelina pollen on their legs. Air sampling showed that wind-blown pollen was present at low concentrations at 9 m beyond the edges of the field. These experiments demonstrated for the first time that camelina pollen dispersal could occur through honey bees or wind, although bee activity would likely be more significant for long-distance gene flow.

scholarly journals Physical and chemical characteristics and fatty acids composition of seeds oil isolated from Camelina sativa (L) cultivated in Mongolia

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 80-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Chantsalnyam ◽  
Ch Otgonbayar ◽  
O Enkhtungalag ◽  
P Odonmajig
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Camelina Sativa ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Fatty Acids Composition ◽  
Physical And Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Camelina sativa L is a cruciferous oilseed plant. This plant is cultivated as an oilseed crop mainly in Europe and in North America and over the past years the cultivation has arranged in our country. The analyzed oil is obtained from the seeds of Camelina sativa L, growing in Bornuur, Tuv province. The goal of this study was to determine the physical and chemical characteristics and fatty acids composition of Camelina sativa L seed oil cultivated in Mongolia. According to our analysis total lipid was determined 38.52 %, moisture 4.80 % and total mineral elements 4.02 %, respectively. Mineral elements in Camelina sativa L seeds contain calcium (0.56 %), phosphorous (1.22 %), potassium (1.39 %), magnesium (0.53 %) in dominated amounts; iron, zinc, manganese and copper in trace amounts. Eight nonessential amino acids in seeds of this plant with total amount of 75.9 % were identified; phenylalanine was detected in highest amount among the all identified amino acids, while lysine, tryptophan and arginine are followed. The following characteristics in Camelina sativa seeds oil were determined. The refractive index was 1.4774 at 20°C, the peroxide value of fresh oil was 0.03 meq H2O2 /kg, saponification value 185.8 mg KOH/g, iodine value 143.33 g J2 and acidic value 6.27 mg KOH /g. Carotenoid was determined as 16.77 mg %, by spectrometry in Camelina sativa seeds oil. The analysis of fatty acids composition showed that there are 12.5 % saturated and 87.5 % unsaturated fatty acids. In particular, oleic acid (C18:1) 14.0 %, linoleic acid (C18:2) 9.0 %, α-linolenic acid (C18:3) 10.5 % and gondoic acid (C20:1) 32.8 %, were composed the major part of unsaturated fatty acids. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/mjc.v14i0.205 Mongolian Journal of Chemistry 14 (40), 2013, p80-83

scholarly journals Results of Сamelina oil assessment

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.L. Turina ◽  
◽  
S.G. Efimenko ◽  
Yu.A. Kornev ◽  
A.P. Liksutina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Camelina Sativa ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Homogeneous Catalyst ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Alkaline Catalyst ◽  
The Crimea

Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz – is an annual oilseed crop in the family Brassicaceae. The aim of the research was to study oil obtained from camelina seeds cultivated in the Crimea. Determination of fatty acid composition was carried out on the gas chromatograph “Хроматэк – Кристалл 5000” (Hromatek - Crystal 5000); automatic dosing unit ДАЖ-2М (DAJ- 2M); capillary column SolGelWax 30m × 0.25 mm × 0.5 μm; carrier gas – helium; speed – 22 centimeters per second; programming temperature –178–230 °С. The preparation of fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) using gas-liquid chromatography (GC) was performed in line with the methodology. The content of biologically active substances (tocopherols) in Camelina sativa oil was carried out using thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and spectroscopy. To obtain biofuel, we used the transesterification of triglyceride (or triacylglycerols) of camelina oil with methyl alcohol using potassium hydroxide (or sodium) as a homogeneous catalyst, as well as active metal oxides or enzymes (regiospecific lipase) as heterogeneous catalysts. Camelina sativa oil, obtained from false flax cultivated in the Crimea, should be used, first of all, to ensure healthy, dietary and therapeutic nutrition of the locals and tourists. Since, depending on the variety and the amount of precipitation, it contains 17.89-19.66% of linoleic acid; 33.02-37.06% of linolenic acid; not more than 3.05% of erucic acid. Furthermore, the ratio of omega-3 to omega-6 fatty acids varies from 1.7: 1.0 to 2.2: 1.0 even in wet years. The oil from the winter camelina seeds (‘Penzyak’ variety) in its composition and properties is suitable for the synthesis of biodiesel by the methanolysis reaction using a homogeneous alkaline catalyst. The physical and chemical properties of the obtained biodiesel are similar to those of sunflower or rapeseed oils.

scholarly journals Oil from transgenic Camelina sativa containing over 25 % n-3 long-chain PUFA as the major lipid source in feed for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

2018 ◽  
Vol 119 (12) ◽  
pp. 1378-1392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mónica B. Betancor ◽  
Keshuai Li ◽  
Valentin S. Bucerzan ◽  
Matthew Sprague ◽  
Olga Sayanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Camelina Sativa ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Camelina Oil ◽  
Chain Pufa ◽  
Lipid Source ◽  
Long Chain

AbstractFacing a bottleneck in the growth of aquaculture, and a gap in the supply and demand of the highly beneficial n-3 long-chain PUFA (LC-PUFA), sustainable alternatives to traditional marine-based feeds are required. Therefore, in the present trial, a novel oil obtained from a genetically engineered oilseed crop, Camelina sativa, that supplied over 25 % n-3 LC-PUFA was tested as a sole dietary-added lipid source in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) feed. Three groups of fish were fed three experimental diets for 12 weeks with the same basal composition and containing 20 % added oil supplied by either a blend of fish oil and rapeseed oil (1:3) (COM) reflecting current commercial formulations, wild-type Camelina oil (WCO) or the novel transgenic Camelina oil (TCO). There were no negative effects on the growth, survival rate or health of the fish. The whole fish and flesh n-3 LC-PUFA levels were highest in fish fed TCO, with levels more than 2-fold higher compared with those of fish fed the COM and WCO diets, respectively. Diet TCO had no negative impacts on the evaluated immune and physiological parameters of head kidney monocytes. The transcriptomic responses of liver and mid-intestine showed only mild effects on metabolism genes. Overall, the results clearly indicated that the oil from transgenic Camelina was highly efficient in supplying n-3 LC-PUFA providing levels double that obtained with a current commercial standard, and similar to those a decade ago before substantial dietary fishmeal and oil replacement.

scholarly journals Comparative Reaction of Camelina sativa to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Leptosphaeria maculans

Plant Disease ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 103 (11) ◽  
pp. 2884-2892 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria I. Purnamasari ◽  
William Erskine ◽  
Janine S. Croser ◽  
Ming Pei You ◽  
Martin J. Barbetti
Keyword(s):  
Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽  
Leptosphaeria Maculans ◽  
Resistance Breeding ◽  
Hypersensitive Reaction ◽  
Camelina Sativa ◽  
Lesion Length ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Stem Lesion ◽  
Stem Resistance

Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Leptosphaeria maculans are two of the most important pathogens of many cruciferous crops. The reaction of 30 genotypes of Camelina sativa (false flax) was determined against both pathogens. C. sativa genotypes were inoculated at seedling and adult stages with two pathotypes of S. sclerotiorum, highly virulent MBRS-1 and less virulent WW-1. There were significant differences (P < 0.001) among genotypes, between pathotypes, and a significant interaction between genotypes and pathotypes in relation to percent cotyledon disease index (% CDI) and stem lesion length. Genotypes 370 (% CDI 20.5, stem lesion length 1.8 cm) and 253 (% CDI 24.8, stem lesion length 1.4 cm) not only consistently exhibited cotyledon and stem resistance, in contrast to susceptible genotype 2305 (% CDI 37.7, stem lesion length 7.2 cm), but their resistance was independent to S. sclerotiorum pathotype. A F5-recombinant inbred line population was developed from genotypes 370 × 2305 and responses characterized. Low broad-sense heritability indicated a complex pattern of inheritance of resistance to S. sclerotiorum. Six isolates of L. maculans, covering combinations of five different avirulent loci (i.e., five different races), were tested on C. sativa cotyledons across two experiments. There was a high level of resistance, with % CDI < 17, and including development of a hypersensitive reaction. This is the first report of variable reaction of C. sativa to different races of L. maculans and the first demonstrating comparative reactions of C. sativa to S. sclerotiorum and L. maculans. This study not only provides new understanding of these comparative resistances in C. sativa, but highlights their potential as new sources of resistance, both for crucifer disease-resistance breeding in general and to enable broader adoption of C. sativa as a more sustainable oilseed crop in its own right.

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