scholarly journals Understanding How the Strategic Use of Data Can Improve the Implementation of Maternal Nutrition Interventions in Uttar Pradesh (UP), India

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 945-945
Author(s):  
Ahad Bootwala ◽  
Phuong Nguyen ◽  
Shivani Kachwaha ◽  
Rasmi Avula ◽  
Sebanti Ghosh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Nutrition ◽  
Data Use ◽  
Nutrition Interventions ◽  
District Health ◽  
Monthly Review ◽  
Maternal Undernutrition ◽  
Use Of Data ◽  
District Government ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objectives Maternal undernutrition remains high in India and is associated with maternal mortality and adverse birth outcomes. To address this challenge, Alive & Thrive (A&T) aimed to strengthen interpersonal counseling, micronutrient supplement provision, and community mobilization through the government antenatal care (ANC) platform in UP. The nutrition-intensified ANC (I-ANC) intervention facilitated regular use of data to enable corrective actions. We aimed to understand how maternal health data was used for improving the delivery of maternal nutrition services and to identify factors associated with data use. Methods In-depth interviews (N = 35) were conducted among sub-district government staff, frontline worker (FLW) supervisors and A&T staff in two districts in UP. Systematic coding of verbatim transcripts and detailed summaries was undertaken to elucidate themes and patterns related to data use and facilitators and barriers. Results Sub-district government staff reported using government data (i.e., HMIS) to estimate demand for prenatal supplements. Sub-district government staff, FLW supervisors and A&T staff used government and intervention monitoring data to understand the impact and reach of services delivered to women. Key indicators on the attendance of pregnant women at community health events and number of women receiving adequate supplements was discussed with FLWs in monthly review meetings. Data review guided identification of areas of low FLW performance (i.e., monitoring weight gain) and prompted refresher trainings. Facilitators of data use included collaboration between sub-district health department officials on data analysis and monthly review meetings to provide feedback on improving performance (including counseling topics and stock of supplements). Barriers to data use included staff vacancies, education level of FLWs and conflicts between FLWs and supervisors. Conclusions Use of data for decision making is critical for supporting intervention planning and providing targeted supervision and support for FLWs. Collaboration facilitated the use of data, but structural barriers such as staff vacancies need to be addressed to improve the implementation of maternal nutrition interventions. Funding Sources Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (through Alive & Thrive, managed by FHI 360) and Emory University.

Policies and Program Implementation Experience to Improve Maternal Nutrition in Ethiopia

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (2_suppl1) ◽  
pp. S27-S50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa S. Saldanha ◽  
Laura Buback ◽  
Jessica M. White ◽  
Afework Mulugeta ◽  
Solomon G. Mariam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Program Implementation ◽  
Maternal Nutrition ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Nutrition Interventions ◽  
District Health ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Maternal Undernutrition ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Nutrition Service

Background Maternal undernutrition persists as a serious problem in Ethiopia. Although there are maternal nutrition interventions that are efficacious and effective in improving maternal, neonatal, and child health (MNCH) outcomes, implementation has been limited. Objective This study explored needs, perceptions, priorities, facilitating factors and barriers to implementation of relevant policies and programs to find opportunities to improve maternal nutrition in Ethiopia Methods Background information was compiled and synthesized for a situation analysis. This informed focus group discussions and in-depth interviews with mothers, community leaders, health workers, and district health officials in four woredas (districts) in Tigray and Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples Region. Results Findings focused on three priority issues: maternal anemia, intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), and maternal thinness and stunting. Community-level investigations found that women's low status, food insecurity and poverty, and workload were key factors perceived to contribute to women's undernutrition. Awareness of and demand for services to improve women's nutrition were low, except for high demand for supplementary food. On the supply side, barriers included low prioritization of maternal nutrition in health and nutrition service delivery and weak technical capacity to deliver context-sensitive maternal nutrition interventions at all levels. Conclusions Community-based health and nutrition services were promising platforms for expanding access to interventions such as micronutrient supplements and social and behavior change communication. Investments are needed to support these community-based programs, including training, supplies, supervision and monitoring. To address IUGR at scale, increased access to cash or food transfers could be explored.

A Situation Analysis of Public Health Interventions, Barriers, and Opportunities for Improving Maternal Nutrition in Bihar, India

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (2_suppl1) ◽  
pp. S93-S103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A. Noznesky ◽  
Usha Ramakrishnan ◽  
Reynaldo Martorell
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Maternal Nutrition ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Maternal Undernutrition ◽  
Barriers And Opportunities ◽  
The Government

Background Maternal underweight and anemia are highly prevalent in Bihar, especially among adolescent girls aged 15 to 19 years. Although numerous programs and platforms exist for delivering efficacious interventions for improving maternal nutrition, the coverage and quality of these interventions are low. Objective To examine existing interventions for reducing maternal undernutrition in Bihar and identify barriers to and opportunities for expanding their coverage and quality. Methods The research was conducted in New Delhi and Bihar between May and August 2010. Forty-eight key informant interviews were conducted with policy makers, program managers, and service providers at multiple levels. Secondary data were collected from survey reports and program documents. All data were analyzed thematically. Results Barriers to the delivery and uptake of interventions to improve maternal nutrition include the shortage of essential inputs, low prioritization of maternal undernutrition, sterilization bias within the family planning program, weak management systems, poverty, gender inequality, caste discrimination, and flooding. In order to overcome barriers and improve service delivery, the current government and its partners have introduced structural reforms within the public health system, launched new programs for underserved groups, developed innovative approaches, and experimented with new technologies. Conclusions Since coming to power, the Government of Bihar has achieved impressive increases in the coverage of prioritized health services, such as institutional deliveries and immunization. This success presents it with an excellent opportunity to further reduce maternal and infant mortality by turning its attention to the serious problem of maternal undernutrition and low birthweight.

scholarly journals Perlindungan Konsumen Terhadap Makanan Pangan Industri Rumah Tangga

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-202
Author(s):  
Ernawati Ernawati
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Protection ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Shared Responsibility ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
District Health ◽  
The North ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Consumers have the freedom to determine the type and quality of the goods/services in accordance with their needs. Food safety, quality problems and the impact of irregularities, as well as the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats in the development of food industry quality system is a shared responsibility as the consumer protection efforts. The method in this research using qualitative methods. The research results showed that consumer protection conducted by government agencies and other institutions in the following way i.e. perform monitoring of food products by giving the number of the PIRT against businessmen who are qualified and have previously received counseling about the food products that may be released, as well as to provide warning and withdrawal of products that contain a positive dye textiles.  The efforts made by the North Buton Regency POM Halls namely collaborates with government agencies and Institutions Consumers North Buton Regency to do surveillance, sampling and testing, guidance products. Trade a proven violation reported to the District Health Office of North Buton for follow up. Restricting factors for the Government and Consumers North Buton Regency in coping with a circulation of foods that contain colouring substances in textiles, namely budget constraints to organise activities agenda so that there are no activities were carried out, bureaucratic system which is still so convoluted follow-up to businessmen.

On Federalism and Government Size The Leviathan Hypothesis After Three Decades

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-162
Author(s):  
Domenico da Empoli
Keyword(s):  
Fiscal Federalism ◽  
New Model ◽  
The Public ◽  
Use Of Data ◽  
Free Mobility ◽  
Direct Limits ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Empirical Investigations

Abstract The impact of fiscal federalism on the size of governments has been the subject of an intense (and extended) debate for more than three decades, mainly under the influence of The Power To Tax by Geoffrey Brennan -James Buchanan [1980] where federalism was proposed as a component of a fiscal constitution. According to the Brennan-Buchanan hypothesis, intergovernmental competition (if made effective through a number of conditions, such as free mobility of goods and persons, decentralization of taxes and expenditures) should indirectly ‘constrain’ the power to tax of the government (i.e., in Hobbesian terms, the Leviathan) just as the direct limits of a fiscal constitution.However, more than thirty years later, the numerous empirical investigations, though quite sophisticated, have been unable, at least apparently, to prove (or to disprove) irrefutably Brennan-Buchanan's hypothesis about the effects of federalism, so that quite often the authors of these inquiries recognized that their results are ‘mixed’.This paper will show that those empirical investigations did not take into consideration the basic conditions on which die approach of Brennan and Buchanan was based and, in particular, die new model of federalism proposed by Brennan and Buchanan, compared with the orthodox (‘conventional’, according to B-B) model of federalism. In fact, all these investigations made use of data on existing (orthodox) models of fiscal federalism, without taking account of the innovative conditions required by Brennan and Buchanan for establishing a new model of federalism capable to contract the public sector.

Impact of maternal undernutrition on diabetes and cardiovascular disease risk in adult offspring

2009 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Le Clair ◽  
Tina Abbi ◽  
Heather Sandhu ◽  
Paramjit S. Tappia
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Maternal Nutrition ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Adult Disease ◽  
Maternal Undernutrition ◽  
The Impact

Epidemiological, clinical, and experimental observations have led to the hypothesis that the risk of developing chronic diseases in adulthood is influenced not only by genetic and adult lifestyle factors, but also by environmental factors during early life. Low birth weight, a marker of intrauterine stress, has been linked to predisposition to cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes. The compelling animal evidence and significant human data to support this conclusion are reviewed. Specifically, the review discusses the role of maternal nutrition before and during pregnancy, placental insufficiencies and epigenetic changes in the increased predisposition to diabetes and CVD in adult life. The impact of low birth weight and catch-up growth as they pertain to risk of disease in adult life is also discussed. In addition, adult disease risk in the overnourished fetus is also mentioned. Reference is made to some of the mechanisms of the induction of diabetes and CVD phenotype. It is proposed that fetal nutrition, growth and development through efficient maternal nutrition before and during pregnancy could constitute the basis for nutritional strategies for the primary prevention of diabetes and CVD.

scholarly journals Scoping Review of Intervention Strategies for Improving Coverage and Uptake of Maternal Nutrition Services in Southeast Asia

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (24) ◽  
pp. 13292
Author(s):  
Kauma Kurian ◽  
Theophilus Lakiang ◽  
Rajesh Kumar Sinha ◽  
Nishtha Kathuria ◽  
Priya Krishnan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Maternal Nutrition ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽  
Conditional Cash Transfer ◽  
Cash Transfer ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Nutrition Interventions ◽  
Maternal Undernutrition

Maternal undernutrition can lead to protein-energy malnutrition, micronutrient deficiencies, or anemia during pregnancy or after birth. It remains a major problem, despite evidence-based maternal-nutrition interventions happening on ground. We conducted a scoping review to understand different strategies and delivery mechanisms to improve maternal nutrition, as well as how interventions have improved coverage and uptake of services. An electronic search was conducted in PubMed and Google Scholar for published studies reporting on the effectiveness of maternal-nutrition interventions in terms of access or coverage, health outcomes, compliance, and barriers to intervention utilization. The search was limited to studies published within ten years before the initial search date, 8 November 2019; later, it was updated to 17 February 2021. Of 31 studies identified following screening and data extraction, 22 studies were included for narrative synthesis. Twelve studies were reported from India and eleven from Bangladesh, three from Nepal, two from both Pakistan and Thailand (Myanmar), and one from Indonesia. Nutrition education and counselling, home visits, directly observed supplement intake, community mobilization, food, and conditional cash transfer by community health workers were found to be effective. There is a need to incorporate diverse strategies, including various health education approaches, supplementation, as well as strengthening of community participation and the response of the health system in order to achieve impactful maternal nutrition programs.

154 UNDERNUTRITION DURING THE PERICONCEPTIONAL PERIOD IN EWES AFFECTS THE BLOOD PRESSURE AND WEIGHT OF THEIR NEONATAL LAMBS

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 194
Author(s):  
N. A. Smith ◽  
P. Lonergan ◽  
P. Duffy ◽  
T. F. Crosby ◽  
P. Quinn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Maternal Nutrition ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Maternal Undernutrition ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Periconceptional Period ◽  
Offspring Health ◽  
The Impact

Evidence from epidemiological and experimental studies has shown that maternal undernutrition during pregnancy can alter fetal growth and development and is associated with increased risk of hypertension and cardiovascular disease in the offspring. However, there is a paucity of data examining the effect of undernutrition during the periconceptual period on offspring health. Therefore, we investigated the impact of ewe undernutrition during the periconceptional period on lamb birth weight and blood pressure. Crossbred ewes (n = 166) were individually penned and randomly allocated to 1 of 2 treatments and fed either 0.7 (restricted) or 1.1 (control) maintenance energy requirements from 28 days prior until 7 days post-mating. After Day 7, ewes in both treatments were managed similarly until parturition. Following parturition, lamb gender, birth weight, and blood pressure were recorded. Lamb weight and blood pressure were subsequently measured at 4 and 10 weeks of age. Restricted ewes lost 2.6 � 0.2 kg over the treatment period compared with control ewes which gained 1.7 � 0.58 kg (P < 0.01). There was no treatment effect on lamb birth weight in either singleton or twin gestations. However, at 4 and 10 weeks of age singleton lambs born to nutritionally restricted ewes were heavier than those born to control ewes (males, n = 17: 19.4 � 0.1 vs. 16.4 � 0.1 kg; females, n = 16: 34.9 � 1.0 vs. 30.9 � 1.6 kg, P < 0.05). Blood pressure, measured within the first 24 h of life, was higher (P < 0.05) in singleton lambs born to nutritionally restricted mothers compared to controls (males: systolic 126 � 11 vs. 94 � 5; diastolic 99 � 12 vs. 58 � 5; mean 112 � 11 vs. 77 � 5 mmHg; P < 0.05; females: systolic 126 � 11 vs. 94 � 5; diastolic 99 � 12 vs. 58 � 5; mean 112 � 11 vs. 77 � 5 mmHg; P < 0.05). This difference was no longer apparent at 4 or 10 weeks of age. Mean blood pressures of twin lambs at birth and 4 weeks of age were numerically greater in the restricted than in the control treatment but were significantly different only among male twin groups at 4 weeks of age (diastolic 77 � 4 vs. 94 � 4; mean 96 � 4 vs. 110 � 3 mmHg; P < 0.01). Maternal undernutrition during the periconceptional period was associated with increased offspring weight at 4 and 10 weeks of age in singletons, as well as alterations in offspring cardiovascular function in both singletons and twins. These findings suggest that maternal nutrition at the time of conception influences offspring health. Exact mechanisms remain to be elucidated but may involve genetic modification. This research was funded by IRCSET and University College Dublin.

scholarly journals The Effect of Recapitalization on Bank Performance in Nigeria

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roseline O. Oluitan ◽  
Sikiru O. Ashamu ◽  
Oluwafemi S. Ogunkenu
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Mergers And Acquisitions ◽  
Economies Of Scale ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Bank Performance ◽  
Sample Period ◽  
Use Of Data ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

This study evaluates the effect of mergers and acquisitions on bank recapitalization inNigeriawith emphasis on the impact of the strategy on economy development. The study makes use of data from the foremost eight banks inNigeriathat account for over 60% of the banking transaction in the country.The research work was evaluated through regression analysis of secondary data covering ten years (2002-2011) from the sampled banks. The research entails a study of the pre-recapitalization and post-recapitalization periods hence the sample period was divided into two. This approach assists to capture the actual effect of the latest recapitalization policy of the government during the period.The result suggests that the effect of the latest recapitalization policy was positive on the operational capability of theNigeriabanking system. There are lot of economies of scale derived from the exercise. Harnessing of resources through mergers and acquisition gave the banks the much required funds to intermediate more effectively within the financial system.

Implementation of Regulation of The Minister of Kominfo Number 20 2016 in Disdukcapil Sleman, Temanggung, and Gianyar District

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nfn Darmanto ◽  
Nur Zaini
Keyword(s):  
Personal Data ◽  
Electronic Systems ◽  
Case Study Method ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Civil Registration ◽  
Edwards Model ◽  
District Government ◽  
The Government ◽  
Study Techniques

AbstrakPenelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh menguatnya wacana mengenai pentingnya perlindungan data pribadi  dan terbitnya Peraturan Menteri Komunikasi dan Informatika Nomor 20 Tahun 2016 tentang Perlindungan Data Pribadi dalam Sistem Elektronik. Adapun tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui kinerja implementasi Peraturan Menteri tersebut di lingkungan Pemerintah Kabupaten. Penelitian  dilakukan di Dinas Kependudukan dan Pencatatan Sipil pada Pemerintah Kabupaten Gianyar, Temanggung, dan Sleman dengan menggunakan metode studi kasus, sedangkan pengum­pu­lan data menggunakan teknik studi pustaka, wawancara, dan observasi. Pembahasan dilakukan dengan menggunakan konsep implemen­tasi model Edwards yang melihat implementasi berdasarkan variabel komunikasi, sumber-sumber, kecenderungan-kecenderu­ngan, dan struk­tur birokrasi. Hasil penelitian menunjuk­kan bahwa penyelenggaraan administrasi kependudukan yang di dalamnya termasuk perlindungan data pribadi oleh Dinas Kependudukan dan Pencatatan Sipil merujuk pada Peraturan Menteri Dalam Negeri Nomor 61 Tahun 2015, sedangkan Peraturan Menteri Komunikasi dan Informatika Nomor 20 tahun 2016 sama sekali belum mereka ketahui. AbstractThis research is motivated by the strengthening of discourse regarding the importance of protecting personal data and the issuance of Minister of Communication and Information Regulation No. 20 of 2016 concerning Protection of Personal Data in Electronic Systems. The research objective is to determine the performance of the implementation of the Ministerial Regulation within the District Government. The study was conducted at the Department of Population and Civil Registration at the Government of the Regency of Gianyar, Temanggung, and Sleman by using a case study method, while data collection using literature study techniques, interviews, and observations. The discussion was carried out using the concept of implementation of Edwards model that looked at implementation based on communication variables, sources, trends, and bureaucratic structure. The results showed that the administration of population administration which included the protection of personal data by the Population and Civil Registry Office referred to the Minister of Home Affairs Regulation No. 61 of 2015, while the Minister of Communication and Information Regulation No. 20 of 2016 was completely unknown to them.   

Prinsip Kearifan Lokal dalam Pengembangan Strategi Kehumasan pada Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Bandung

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-248
Author(s):  
Betty Tresnawaty
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Local Knowledge ◽  
Case Study Approach ◽  
West Java ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Positive Image ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Public Relations Strategy

Public Relations of the Bandung Regency Government realizes that its area has a lot of potential for various local wisdom and has a heterogeneous society. This study aims to explore and analyze the values of local knowledge in developing public relations strategies in the government of Bandung Regency, West Java province. This study uses a constructivist interpretive (subjective) paradigm through a case study approach. The results showed that the Bandung Regency Government runs its government based on local wisdom. Bandung Regency Public Relations utilizes local insight and the region's potential to develop a public relations strategy to build and maintain a positive image of Bandung Regency. The impact of this research is expected to become a source of new scientific references in the development of public relations strategies in every region of Indonesia, which is very rich with various philosophies.Humas Pemerintah Kabupaten Bandung menyadari wilayahnya memiliki banyak potensi kearifan lokal yang beragam, serta memiliki masyarakatnya yang heterogen. Penelitian ini bertujuan menggali dan menganalisis nilai-nilai kearifan lokal dalam pengembangan strategi kehumasan di pemerintahan Kabupaten Bandung provinsi Jawa Barat.  Penelitian ini menggunakan paradigma interpretif (subjektif) konstruktivis melalui pendekatan studi kasus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pemerintah Kabupaten (Pemkab) Bandung menjalankan pemerintahannya berlandaskan pada kearifal lokal. Humas Pemkab Bandung memanfaatkan kearifan lokal dan potensi wilayahnya untuk mengembangkan strategi humas dalam membangun dan mempertahankan citra positif Kabupaten Bandung.Dampak penelitian ini diharapkan menjadi sumber rujukan ilmiah baru dalam pengembangan strategi kehumasan di setiap daerah Indonesia yang sangat kaya dengan beragam filosofi. 

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