scholarly journals 794 DOES TRACHEOSTOMY PREDISPOSE GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX?

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edno Tales Bianchi ◽  
Francisco Tustumi ◽  
Sergio Szachnowicz ◽  
Ary Nasi ◽  
Leticia Nobre Lopes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Chronic Phase ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
The Body ◽  
Demeester Score ◽  
Respiratory Dynamics ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Baseline Characteristics ◽  
Ph Metry

Abstract   Lung diseases have a strong relationship with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). It has been previously demonstrated that conditions such as tracheal stenosis, asthma and even lung transplantation may worsen with reflux and these patients have few symptoms of GERD. With the COVID-19 pandemic, the number of people who needed mechanical ventilation and tracheostomy increased. Our objective was to demonstrate the prevalence of gastro-oesophageal reflux in patients with tracheostomy and describe its characteristics. Methods Esophageal manometry and 24 h pH-metry was performed in 137 consecutive patients with a tracheostomy already in a chronic phase, independent of symptoms. Inquire on respiratory and digestive symptoms was also carried out at the time of the examination. Prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux was identified in this population and description of the groups with reflux and without it, as well as comparison between them. Results Of the 137 patients, 49 were male, the average age was 40.94 ± 17.3 and the body mass index was 26.3 ± 4.85. The prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux was 45.2%. Baseline characteristics were similar between the groups with and without reflux. In the reflux group, the mean DeMeester score was 36.5 ± 20.8 and the presence of lower sphincter hypotonia was found in only 31% of the patients and was not correlated with reflux between the groups (p = 0.285). Regarding the symptoms, 48% had heartburn symptoms and only 30% had a combination of typical symptoms (heartburn + regurgitation). Conclusion The presence of tracheostomy is related to an increased prevalence of reflux, even without typical symptoms most of the time. The mechanism for this is still unknown, perhaps the altered respiratory dynamics has a role. These patients should be investigated with functional exams if they develop any condition that may be affected by reflux.

scholarly journals Advances in the diagnosis of GERD

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena-Roxana Săraru ◽  
Vlad Enciu ◽  
Razvan Peagu ◽  
Carmen Fierbinţeanu-Braticevici
Keyword(s):  
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Reflux Disease ◽  
Ph Monitoring ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽  
Demeester Score ◽  
First Line Therapy ◽  
Esophageal Ph ◽  
Ph Metry

AbstractGastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is considered one of the most frequent chronic gastrointestinal diseases globally with high costs due to treatment and investigations.First line therapy is with proton pump inhibitors, those who do not respond to initial treatment usually require further investigations such as upper gastrointestinal endoscopy or ambulatory 24-hours esophageal pH monitoring. The total time of exposure to acid and the DeMeester score represent the most useful parameters associated with conventional pH-metry, because they can identify gastroesophageal reflux disease.Although pH-metry is considered the gold standard for the evaluation of gastroesophageal reflux disease, new impedance-based parameters have been introduced in recent years with the role of increasing the accuracy of diagnosing gastroesophageal reflux disease and characterizing the type of reflux. The development of multichannel intraluminal pH-impedance has improved the ability to detect and quantify gastroesophageal reflux. New parameters such as post-reflux swallowing peristaltic wave (PSPW) index and the mean nocturnal basal impedance (MNBI) have recently been introduced to assess GERD phenotypes more accurately. This review evaluates current GERD diagnotic tools while also taking a brief look at newer diagnostic parameters like PSPW and MNBI.

RA06.08: PATIENTS WITH FUNCTIONAL REFLUX SYMPTOMS DO NOT DIFFER SUBJECTIVELY FROM PATIENTS WITH GERD

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 32-33
Author(s):  
Sedat Ciftci ◽  
Michael Weitzendorfer ◽  
Dariya Kalcheva ◽  
Lisa Manzenreiter ◽  
Klaus Emmanuel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Impedance Measurement ◽  
Demeester Score ◽  
Reflux Symptoms ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Functional Complaints ◽  
Ph Metry

Abstract Background Patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) often suffer greatly from their symptoms. The aim of this study was to determine if there is a difference in quality of life and gastrointestinal symptom complexes between patients with purely functional complaints and patients with objective GERD Methods Included were all patients with typical reflux symptoms who had GERD examination in 2017 at our department. All patients underwent high resolution manometry, 24-h ph-metry impedance measurement and gastroscopy. Quality of life was assessed using the Gastrointestinal Quality of Life Index (GIQLI) and gastrointestinal symptoms using a Symptom Checklist (SCL) assessing the severity and intensity of 14 different symptoms. Based on the results of the 24-h ph-metry impedance measurement, patients were divided into 2 groups. Patients with functional reflux symptoms and patients with GERD. These two groups were compared. Results Complete data was available in 162 patients, of whom 86 patients (52.2%) were objectively reflux sick (DeMeester score mean: 37.85, SD ± 29.11) and 76 patients (46.1%) had a normal DeMeester score (Mean: 7.01, SD ± 4.09). Between the two groups no significant difference in quality of life was found (mean GIQLI of GERD patients: 94.81, SD ± 22.40, and mean GIQLI of patients with functional reflux symptoms: 95.26, SD ± 20.33, P = 0.988).Furthermore no significant difference could be found in symptoms (mean general SCL score of reflux patients:46.97, SD ± 29.23, of patients with functional reflux symptoms: 48.03, SD ± 29.17, P = 0.827). Conclusion Patients with functional complaints suffer just as much from their symptoms as patients who are objectively reflux sick. A differentiation between gastroesophageal reflux disease and functional reflux symptoms is only possible by means of functional diagnostics. Disclosure All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.

Applying skin-size limits for management of trade in Asian reptile skins

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Daniel J. D. Natusch ◽  
Jessica A. Lyons ◽  
Mumpuni ◽  
Awal Riyanto ◽  
Syarifah Khadiejah
Keyword(s):  
Strong Relationship ◽  
The Body ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Country Differences ◽  
Size Limits ◽  
Harvest Sustainability ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract ContextEach year, millions of reptile skins are commercially exported from Southeast Asia for exotic leathers. Quotas are commonly used to regulate this trade, but quotas are sometimes exceeded and do little to ensure harvest sustainability. AimsTo explore the relationship between the size of live pythons and their skins, and to assess whether skin measurements can be used to enforce the application of limits on the size of harvested snakes. MethodsWe measured the body size of three heavily harvested python species (Malayopython reticulatus, Python breitensteini and Python brongersmai) in Indonesia and Malaysia and examined the relationship with skin length, skin width, the size of the ventral scale and its adjacent dorsal scale. Key resultsMeasurements of 2261 pythons showed strong relationships between the size of live pythons and measurements made on their skins. Skins can be stretched 30% longer than the body length of snakes from which they came and inter-facility and country differences in stretching technique result in different relationships between the sizes of live snakes and the measurements made on their skins. Male and female Malayopython reticulatus differed in their skin dimensions relative to the size of the live snake, but these differences were minor. ConclusionsDespite variations in stretching techniques, in functional terms, this variation is minor (maximum 3.5% relative to each mean measurement) and does not limit application of skin sizes for regulating trade within an acceptable level of error. However, differences in the stretched length of Indonesian and Malaysian skins were much greater (5.9% of the mean length of skins), and, thus, each country should apply its own limits and predictive tools. ImplicationsThe strong relationship between the skin size and the size of the live snake offers great potential for regulating trade by using skin-size limits. Inspection of the size of skins can be used to enforce harvest-size limits and focus harvesting away from sexes and life stages most critical for population persistence. This management tool has numerous advantages over current regulatory practices (quotas) and should be considered for management of trade in Asian reptile skins.

Evaluation of Salivary Antioxidants and Oxidative Stress Markers in Male Smokers

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 496-501
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Ahmadi-Motamayel ◽  
Parisa Falsafi ◽  
Hamidreza Abolsamadi ◽  
Mohammad T. Goodarzi ◽  
Jalal Poorolajal
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Background: Cigarette smoke free radicals can cause cellular damage and different diseases. All the body fluids have antioxidants which protect against free radicals. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate salivary total antioxidant capacity and peroxidase, uric acid and malondialdehyde levels in smokers and a nonsmoking control group. Methods: Unstimulated saliva was collected from 510 males. A total of 259 subjects were current smokers and 251 were non-smokers. The levels of salivary total antioxidant capacity, uric acid, peroxidase and malondialdehyde were measured using standard procedures. Data were analyzed with t test and ANOVA. Results: The smokers were younger and dental hygiene index was higher than healthy nonsmoking controls. The mean total antioxidant capacity in smokers and nonsmokers was 0.13±0.07 and 0.21±011, respectively (P=0.001). Smokers had significantly lower peroxidase and uric acid levels than healthy controls. In addition, the mean malondialdehyde levels in the smokers and nonsmokers were 4.55 ±2.61 and 2.79 ±2.21, respectively (P=0.001). Conclusion: Cigarette smoke produces free radical and oxidative stress, causing many side effects. Salivary antioxidant levels decreased and malondialdehyde levels increased in smokers, indicating the high oxidative stress among smokers compared to nonsmokers. Cigarette smoke had deleterious effects on main salivary antioxidants levels.

Effect of High Plane of Nutrition on Blood Biochemical Profile and Onset of Puberty in Prepubertal HF X Kankrej Crossbred Heifers

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (02) ◽  
pp. 14-17
Author(s):  
K K Hadiya ◽  
A J Dhami ◽  
D V Chaudhari ◽  
P M Lunagariya
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
The Body ◽  
Monthly Interval ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Biochemical ◽  
Lower Protein ◽  
The Mean

This study was initiated on 24 prepubertal Holstein x Kankrej crossbred heifers of nearly identical age (7-9 months) and body weight (130-140 kg) at University farm to evaluate the effect of high plane of nutrition on blood biochemical and minerals profile and the age at puberty. Twelve heifers were managed under routine farm feeding (control) and the rest 12 under ideal optimum feeding regime (treatment) that included extra 1 kg concentrate, 30 g min mix and ad-lib dry fodder. The body weight and ovarian ultrasonography together with blood sampling was carried out at monthly interval from 10 to 18 months of age to study the ovarian dynamics and blood biochemical changes. High plane of nutrition to growing heifers was beneficial in reducing the age of onset of puberty (by 2-3 months) compared to routine farm fed group. The mean plasma total protein and cholesterol concentrations showed a rising trend with significant variations from 10 to 16 months of age, where it got mostly stabilized indicating adult profile. The activity of enzymes GOT and GPT also rose gradually and significantly from 10 months till 14-15 months of age, and thereafter it remained more or less static till 18 months of age. The levels of both these enzymes were higher, with lower protein and cholesterol, in control than the treatment group from 15-16 months of age onwards. The mean plasma levels of both calcium and phosphorus increased gradually and significantly with advancing age till 16-17 months of age, with little higher values in supplemented than a control group. The plasma levels of zinc, iron, copper, and cobalt also showed rising trend with significant differences between 10th and 12th-14th months of age, and from 15th to 18th months of age the levels were statistically the same in all the groups with slightly higher values in the treatment group.

scholarly journals Comparative study between fascia lata and temporalis fascia in myringoplasty

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayman Ali Abdel Fattah ◽  
Abdel Hay Rashad Elasy ◽  
Ahmed Helmy Hoseini ◽  
Tarek Abdel Rahman Abdel Hafez
Keyword(s):  
Tympanic Membrane ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Fascia Lata ◽  
The Body ◽  
Temporalis Fascia ◽  
Fascia Graft ◽  
Fascia Lata Graft ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B

Abstract Background Repair of a perforated tympanic membrane (myringoplasty) can facilitate normal middle ear function, resist infection, and help re-establish normal hearing. Autogenous graft materials are the most popular graft materials used in myringoplasty because of their easy acceptability by the body. This study is conducted to compare between temporalis fascia graft and fascia lata graft in myringoplasty for patients with tubo-tympanic dry perforation. Results A total of 60 patients with persistent dry tympanic membrane perforation were included in our study during the period from January 2018 to May 2020. Patients underwent myringoplasty with temporalis fascia (30 patients as group A) or fascia lata (30 patients as group B). Patients were scheduled for follow-up visits concerning graft status, ear discharge, and audiograms. The mean postoperative air-bone gap in group A was 17.5 ± 4 after 1 month and 8.6 ± 6.9 after 3 months, while in group B, the mean postoperative air-bone gap was 17.6 ± 4.9 after 1 month and 9.4 ± 7.5 after 3 months. There was 90% success in graft uptake in group A, while there was 80% success in group B. Conclusion Using temporalis fascia is still the best and most trustworthy technique of myringoplasty compared to fascia lata graft. However, fascia lata can be a good alternative to temporalis fascia especially in cases of revision myringoplasty, ears having large perforation, or near-total perforation where the chances of residual perforation are high because of the limited margin of remnant tympanic membrane overlapping the graft.

scholarly journals Estimation of Motion and Respiratory Characteristics during the Meditation Practice Based on Video Analysis

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 3771
Author(s):  
Alexey Kashevnik ◽  
Walaa Othman ◽  
Igor Ryabchikov ◽  
Nikolay Shilov
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Body Movement ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
The Body ◽  
Meditation Practice ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Mental Health Training ◽  
Negative Thoughts ◽  
The Mean

Meditation practice is mental health training. It helps people to reduce stress and suppress negative thoughts. In this paper, we propose a camera-based meditation evaluation system, that helps meditators to improve their performance. We rely on two main criteria to measure the focus: the breathing characteristics (respiratory rate, breathing rhythmicity and stability), and the body movement. We introduce a contactless sensor to measure the respiratory rate based on a smartphone camera by detecting the chest keypoint at each frame, using an optical flow based algorithm to calculate the displacement between frames, filtering and de-noising the chest movement signal, and calculating the number of real peaks in this signal. We also present an approach to detecting the movement of different body parts (head, thorax, shoulders, elbows, wrists, stomach and knees). We have collected a non-annotated dataset for meditation practice videos consists of ninety videos and the annotated dataset consists of eight videos. The non-annotated dataset was categorized into beginner and professional meditators and was used for the development of the algorithm and for tuning the parameters. The annotated dataset was used for evaluation and showed that human activity during meditation practice could be correctly estimated by the presented approach and that the mean absolute error for the respiratory rate is around 1.75 BPM, which can be considered tolerable for the meditation application.

P.1.170: BODY MASS INDEX AND GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX ASSESSED BY PH-METRY

2011 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. S204
Author(s):  
V. D'Onofrio ◽  
M. Bruno ◽  
N. Giardullo ◽  
R. Melina ◽  
R. D'Onofrio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Ph Metry

scholarly journals On the Pathology of the dropsy produced by obstruction of the superior and inferior venœ and the portal vein.— Preliminary communication

1907 ◽  
Vol 79 (532) ◽  
pp. 267-283 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Portal Vein ◽  
Mean Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Normal Limit ◽  
The Body ◽  
Diastolic Filling ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Preliminary Communication ◽  
The Mean

In August, 1903, I published a paper in the ‘Journal of Pathology’(1) in which I demonstrated a method experimentally producing uncompensated hear disease in an animal, which was compatible with life. This method consisted in diminishing the size of the pericardial sac by stitches, so that the diastolic filling of the heart was impeded. The main symptoms of this condition were dropsy and diminution in the amount of urine excreted. As the immediate result of this interference with the action of the heart, there occurred a rise of pressure throughout the whole systemic venous system extending as far back as the capillaries, and a fall of the mean arterial blood-pressure. Further, I found that the pressure in all the veins fell to the normal limit again within the space of about one hour, and that subsequently when dropsy was being produced, the vanous pressure in all parts of the body was normal, and the arterial pressure had almost recovered itself.

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