Evaluation of mandibular symmetry and morphology in adult patients with unilateral posterior crossbite: a CBCT study using a surface-to-surface matching technique

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 650-657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosalia Leonardi ◽  
Simone Muraglie ◽  
Antonino Lo Giudice ◽  
K S Aboulazm ◽  
R Nucera
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Surface Matching ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gonial Angle ◽  
Engineering Software ◽  
Mandibular Asymmetry ◽  
Deviation Analysis ◽  
Matching Technique ◽  
Surface Deviation

Summary Objectives To investigate mandibular morphology in adults affected by posterior unilateral crossbite (PUXB) and to evaluate the hemi mandibular volumes from the crossbite (CB) and non-CB sides of the same patients. Methods Thirty-eight cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images were consecutively recruited and the Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM)-formatted scans were volume rendered into a surface three-dimensional (3D) mesh model and volumes to obtain the 3D model of the mandibular bone. To achieve the surface point-to-point analysis of the mandibular models, a reverse engineering software was used. The same procedure was performed for an age-matched control group (19 CBCT images). Results Total mandibular volume showed a difference of 2.46 cm3 between patients and controls, which was not statistically significant. A mean difference of 1.53 cm3 was found comparing the hemi mandibular volumes from the CB and non-CB sides of PUXB patients, this difference was statistically significant (P ≤ 0.01). Findings for the surface-to-surface deviation analysis, demonstrated a higher percentage of mismatch in patients PUXB, over 10% at 0.5 mm tolerance level. Limitations Limitations are related to the intrinsic surfaces matching methodology, that make difficult to evaluate discrepancies among different mandibular anatomical units. Conclusion Adult patients affected by PUXB show a greater mandibular structural asymmetry compared to controls because of a lower matching percentage obtained from the surface-to-surface matching technique. Implications Treatment of adult patients affected by PUXB should take into consideration the possibility of a mild mandibular asymmetry mainly localized at the condyle and gonial angle levels.

The relations between the stress in temporomandibular joints and the deviated distances for mandibular asymmetric patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 235 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-116
Author(s):  
Jingheng Shu ◽  
Xin Xiong ◽  
Desmond YR Chong ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Zhan Liu
Keyword(s):  
Temporomandibular Disorders ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Principal Stresses ◽  
Biomechanical Stress ◽  
Mandibular Asymmetry ◽  
Temporomandibular Joints ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Three Dimensional Finite Element

The study aimed to compare the difference of stress distributions in temporomandibular joints (TMJs) between the patients with mandibular asymmetry and asymptomatic subjects and find the relations between deviated distance and biomechanical stress using three-dimensional finite element method, to give guidance to dentists for correction of mandibular asymmetry. Ten facial symmetric subjects without symptoms of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and 10 mandibular asymmetric patients were recruited and assigned as the Control and Case group respectively. The FE models of the mandible and maxilla were reconstructed from cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. Muscle forces and boundary conditions were applied to the two groups corresponding to centric and anterior occlusions. The simulation manifested significant differences in stresses of the TMJs between the non-deviated and deviated sides in the Case group under the centric and anterior occlusions. The stresses in the Case group were significantly greater than those in the Control group, especially on the non-deviated side. Besides, there were weak and moderate correlations between the third principal stresses and deviated distances for the patients under centric and anterior occlusions. The excessive stresses in the TMJ of patients with mandibular asymmetry were associated with temporomandibular disorders.

Temporal bone Pneumatization in Otosclerosis

2008 ◽  
Vol 139 (6) ◽  
pp. 850-853 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel T. Ganc ◽  
Robert W. Jyung
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Bone ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Neck Surgery ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Temporal Bone Pneumatization ◽  
History Of ◽  
Temporal Bones

Objectives To determine whether there is a difference in the pneumatization of temporal bones with otosclerosis versus normal temporal bones. Methods A retrospective study of 46 ears from 24 adult patients with otosclerosis and 64 ears from 47 adult patients in a control group. The study group included temporal bone CT scans available from patients with otosclerosis. The control group consisted of patients who had temporal bone CTs for reasons likely unrelated to a history of middle ear disease. Data were obtained with a virtual reality system that allows three-dimensional manipulation and analysis. Results The temporal bone pneumatization for the otosclerosis group was 4.82 ± 2.27 cm3 vs 6.06 ± 2.71 cm3 for the control group. Two-sample t test analysis revealed no statistical significance ( P = 0.059) between pneumatization in the control vs otosclerosis groups. Conclusion There is no difference in temporal bone pneumatization between patients with otosclerosis and a control population. Therefore, temporal bone pneumatization by itself is not an adequate explanation for the apparent protective effect of otosclerosis against otitis media. © 2008 American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Foundation. All rights reserved.

scholarly journals Skeletal Changes in Growing Cleft Patients with Class III Malocclusion Treated with Bone Anchored Maxillary Protraction—A 3.5-Year Follow-Up

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 750
Author(s):  
Ralph M. Steegman ◽  
Annemarlien Faye Klein Meulekamp ◽  
Arjan Dieters ◽  
Johan Jansma ◽  
Wicher J. van der Meer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Class Iii Malocclusion ◽  
Maxillary Protraction ◽  
Gonial Angle ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Skeletal Changes

This prospective controlled trial aimed to evaluate the skeletal effect of 3.5-years bone anchored maxillary protraction (BAMP) in growing cleft subjects with a Class III malocclusion. Subjects and Method: Nineteen cleft patients (11.4 ± 0.7-years) were included from whom cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans were taken before the start of BAMP (T0), 1.5-years after (T1) and 3.5 y after (T2). Seventeen age- and malocclusion-matched, untreated cleft subjects with cephalograms available at T0 and T2 served as the control group. Three dimensional skeletal changes were measured qualitatively and quantitatively on CBCT scans. Two dimensional measurements were made on cephalograms. Results: Significant positive effects have been observed on the zygomaticomaxillary complex. Specifically, the A-point showed a displacement of 2.7 mm ± 0.9 mm from T0 to T2 (p < 0.05). A displacement of 3.8 mm ± 1.2 mm was observed in the zygoma regions (p < 0.05). On the cephalograms significant differences at T2 were observed between the BAMP and the control subjects in Wits, gonial angle, and overjet (p < 0.05), all in favor of the treatment of Class III malocclusion. The changes taking place in the two consecutive periods (ΔT1-T0, ΔT2-T1) did not differ, indicating that not only were the positive results from the first 1.5-years maintained, but continuous orthopedic effects were also achieved in the following 2-years. Conclusions: In conclusion, findings from the present prospective study with a 3.5-years follow-up provide the first evidence to support BAMP as an effective and reliable treatment option for growing cleft subjects with mild to moderate Class III malocclusion up to 15-years old.

scholarly journals EVALUATING MOBILE LASER SCANNING FOR LANDSLIDE MONITORING

2018 ◽  
Vol XLII-3/W4 ◽  
pp. 211-219
Author(s):  
N. A. Fuad ◽  
A. R. Yusoff ◽  
M. P. M. Zam ◽  
A. Aspuri ◽  
M. F. Salleh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Landslide Monitoring ◽  
Landslide Area ◽  
Project Area ◽  
Deviation Analysis ◽  
Gps Survey ◽  
Surface Deviation ◽  
Dimensional Surface

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Landslide is one of the natural disasters that give a huge impact to human life and social-economic development. Landslide needs to be monitored periodically in order to avoid loss of human life and damages of properties. Various methods have been used for monitoring landslide. This aim of the research is to evaluate the potential of mobile laser scanning technique for monitoring of landslide area. The objectives of the research are to acquire three-dimensional surface data of landslide area in different epochs and to analyze the movement of the landslide area using three-dimensional surface deviation and ground surveying techniques. The methodology begins with the GPS survey for the establishment of ground control points for the project area. The total station survey was then carried out to measure the three-dimensional coordinates of twenty well distributed targets located at the project area. The data collection phase was then continuing with the mobile laser scanning survey. The processing of the two epochs data acquired from both techniques was then carried out simultaneously and the methodology concluded with the output comparison analysis for the movement detection of the land slip. The finding shows that the mobile laser scanning provides fast and accurate data acquisition technique of the landslide surface. The surface deviation analysis of the two epochs laser scanning data was capable to detect the movement occurred in the project area. The results were successfully evaluated using the changes of the three-dimensional coordinates of the targets from the two epoch’s ground surveying data.</p>

scholarly journals A comparison between stereophotogrammetry and smartphone structured light technology for three-dimensional face scanning

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giorgio D‘Ettorre ◽  
Marco Farronato ◽  
Ettore Candida ◽  
Vincenzo Quinzi ◽  
Cristina Grippaudo
Keyword(s):  
San Francisco ◽  
Image Acquisition ◽  
Structured Light ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Acquisition Time ◽  
Smartphone Applications ◽  
Processing Times ◽  
Deviation Analysis ◽  
Reference Images ◽  
Surface Deviation

ABSTRACT Objectives To compare three-dimensional facial scans obtained by stereophotogrammetry with two different applications for smartphone supporting the TrueDepth system, a structured light technology. Materials and Methods Facial scans of 40 different subjects were acquired with three different systems. The 3dMDtrio Stereophotogrammetry System (3dMD, Atlanta, Ga) was compared with a smartphone (iPhone Xs; Apple, Cupertino, Calif) equipped with the Bellus3D Face Application (version 1.6.11; Bellus3D Inc, Campbell, Calif) or Capture (version 1.2.5; Standard Cyborg Inc, San Francisco, Calif). Times of image acquisition and elaboration were recorded. The surface-to-surface deviation and the distance between 18 landmarks from 3dMD reference images to those acquired with Bellus3D or Capture were measured. Results Capturing and processing times with the smartphone applications were considerably longer than with the 3dMD system. The surface-to-surface deviation analysis between the Bellus3D and 3dMD showed an overlap percentage of 80.01% ± 5.92% and 56.62% ± 7.65% within the ranges of 1 mm and 0.5 mm discrepancy, respectively. Images from Capture showed an overlap percentage of 81.40% ± 9.59% and 56.45% ± 11.62% within the ranges of 1 mm and 0.5 mm, respectively. Conclusions The face image acquisition with the 3dMD device is fast and accurate, but bulky and expensive. The new smartphone applications combined with the TrueDepth sensors show promising results. They need more accuracy from the operator and more compliance from the patient because of the increased acquisition time. Their greatest advantages are related to cost and portability.

scholarly journals Mandibular Asymmetry in Class II Subdivision Malocclusion

2008 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gökmen Kurt ◽  
Tancan Uysal ◽  
Yildiray Sisman ◽  
Sabri Ilhan Ramoglu
Keyword(s):  
Class Ii ◽  
Asymmetry Index ◽  
Class I ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Gonial Angle ◽  
Mandibular Asymmetry ◽  
Angle Measurements ◽  
Normal Occlusion

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the condylar and ramal mandibular asymmetry in a group of patients with Class II subdivision malocclusion to identify possible gender differences between male and female subjects. Materials and Methods: Mandibular asymmetry measurements (condylar, ramal, and condylar-plus-ramal asymmetry values) were performed on the panoramic radiographs of 80 subjects (34 male and 46 female). The study group consisted of 40 Class II subdivision patients (18 male and 22 female; mean age 14.53 ± 3.14 years). The control group consisted of 40 subjects with normal occlusion (16 male and 24 female; mean age 14.43 ± 3.05 years). The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to determine the possible statistically significant differences between the groups for condylar, ramal, and condylar-plus-ramal asymmetry index measurements. Identified differences between groups were further analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U-test at the 95% confidence interval (P &lt; .05). Results: No gender-related difference was found for any of the asymmetry indices. Comparison of condylar, ramal, and condylar-plus-ramal asymmetry index values and gonial angle measurements for Class I and Class II sides in the Class II subdivision group and for right and left sides in the Class I group showed no statistically significant differences. However, the Class II subdivision group has longer values for condylar, ramal, and condylar-plus-ramal height measurements and only these differences were statistically significant (P &lt; .001). Conclusions: Except for condylar ramal and condylar-plus-ramal height measurements, Class II subdivision patients have symmetrical condyles when compared to normal occlusion samples according to Habbet's mandibular asymmetry indices.

scholarly journals Three-dimensional analysis of mandibular functional units in adult patients with unilateral posterior crossbite: A cone beam study with the use of mirroring and surface-to-surface matching techniques

2019 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 590-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosalia Leonardi ◽  
Simone Muraglie ◽  
Orazio Bennici ◽  
Costanza Cavallini ◽  
Concetto Spampinato
Keyword(s):  
Dominant Role ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
The Body ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mandibular Ramus ◽  
Functional Units ◽  
Matching Techniques

ABSTRACT Objectives: To use three-dimensional (3D) mirroring and surface-to-surface techniques to determine any differences in mandibular functional unit shape and morphology between the crossbite side and non-crossbite side in adult patients with posterior unilateral crossbite who had not received any corrective treatment for malocclusion. Materials and Methods: Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) records from 24 consecutive adult white patients (mean age, 27.5 years; range 22.6–39.7 years; 14 women and 10 men) seeking treatment for maxillary transverse deficiency were assessed in this study. The control group comprised CBCT scans from age- and sex-matched patients. Segmentation masks were generated to obtain 3D surface mesh models of the mandibles and analyze the six skeletal functional units, which were further analyzed with reverse engineering software. Results: Statistically significant differences in the mean surface distance when comparing the study sample and the control sample were found at the condylar process, mandibular ramus, angular process (P ≤ .0001), and alveolar process (P ≤ .01); no statistically significant differences were found for the coronoid process, the chin, and the mandibular body (P ≥ .5). Conclusions: The condylar, angular, and alveolar processes plus the mandibular ramus appear to play a more dominant role than did the body, the coronoid, and the chin units in the asymmetry of the mandible in patients with unilateral crossbite.

scholarly journals Accuracy and Reproducibility of Facial Measurements of Digital Photographs and Wrapped Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) Photographs

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 757
Author(s):  
Maged Sultan Alhammadi ◽  
Abeer Abdulkareem Al-mashraqi ◽  
Rayid Hussain Alnami ◽  
Nawaf Mohammad Ashqar ◽  
Omar Hassan Alamir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Facial Profile ◽  
Digital Photographs ◽  
Gonial Angle

The study sought to assess whether the soft tissue facial profile measurements of direct Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) and wrapped CBCT images of non-standardized facial photographs are accurate compared to the standardized digital photographs. In this cross-sectional study, 60 patients with an age range of 18–30 years, who were indicated for CBCT, were enrolled. Two facial photographs were taken per patient: standardized and random (non-standardized). The non-standardized ones were wrapped with the CBCT images. The most used soft tissue facial profile landmarks/parameters (linear and angular) were measured on direct soft tissue three-dimensional (3D) images and on the photographs wrapped over the 3D-CBCT images, and then compared to the standardized photographs. The reliability analysis was performed using concordance correlation coefficients (CCC) and depicted graphically using Bland–Altman plots. Most of the linear and angular measurements showed high reliability (0.91 to 0.998). Nevertheless, four soft tissue measurements were unreliable; namely, posterior gonial angle (0.085 and 0.11 for wrapped and direct CBCT soft tissue, respectively), mandibular plane angle (0.006 and 0.0016 for wrapped and direct CBCT soft tissue, respectively), posterior facial height (0.63 and 0.62 for wrapped and direct CBCT soft tissue, respectively) and total soft tissue facial convexity (0.52 for both wrapped and direct CBCT soft tissue, respectively). The soft tissue facial profile measurements from either the direct 3D-CBCT images or the wrapped CBCT images of non-standardized frontal photographs were accurate, and can be used to analyze most of the soft tissue facial profile measurements.

scholarly journals Coenzyme Q10 supplementation for prophylaxis in adult patients with migraine—a meta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. e039358
Author(s):  
Suhairul Sazali ◽  
Salziyan Badrin ◽  
Mohd Noor Norhayati ◽  
Nur Suhaila Idris
Keyword(s):  
Random Effects ◽  
Coenzyme Q10 ◽  
Migraine Headache ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Statistical Heterogeneity ◽  
Coq10 Supplementation ◽  
The Impact

ObjectiveTo determine the effects of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) for reduction in the severity, frequency of migraine attacks and duration of headache in adult patients with migraine.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourcesCochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) and Psychological Information Database (PsycINFO) from inception till December 2019.Study selectionAll randomised control trials comparing CoQ10 with placebo or used as an adjunct treatment included in this meta-analysis. Cross-over designs and controlled clinical trials were excluded.Data synthesisHeterogeneity at face value by comparing populations, settings, interventions and outcomes were measured and statistical heterogeneity was assessed by means of the I2 statistic. The treatment effect for dichotomous outcomes were using risk ratios and risk difference, and for continuous outcomes, mean differences (MDs) or standardised mean difference; both with 95% CIs were used. Subgroup analyses were carried out for dosage of CoQ10 and if CoQ10 combined with another supplementation. Sensitivity analysis was used to investigate the impact risk of bias for sequence generation and allocation concealment of included studies.ResultsSix studies with a total of 371 participants were included in the meta-analysis. There is no statistically significant reduction in severity of migraine headache with CoQ10 supplementation. CoQ10 supplementation reduced the duration of headache attacks compared with the control group (MD: −0.19; 95% CI: −0.27 to −0.11; random effects; I2 statistic=0%; p<0.00001). CoQ10 usage reduced the frequency of migraine headache compared with the control group (MD: −1.52; 95% CI: −2.40 to −0.65; random effects; I2 statistic=0%; p<0.001).ConclusionCoQ10 appears to have beneficial effects in reducing duration and frequency of migraine attack.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42019126127.

scholarly journals Intraoperative protective ventilation in patients undergoing major neurosurgical interventions: a randomized clinical trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Longhini ◽  
Laura Pasin ◽  
Claudia Montagnini ◽  
Petra Konrad ◽  
Andrea Bruni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Protective Ventilation ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Neurosurgical Procedures ◽  
Neurosurgical Patients

Abstract Background Post-operative pulmonary complications (PPC) can develop in up to 13% of patients undergoing neurosurgical procedures and may adversely affect clinical outcome. The use of intraoperative lung protective ventilation (LPV) strategies, usually including the use of a low Vt, low PEEP and low plateau pressure, seem to reduce the risk of PPC and are strongly recommended in almost all surgical procedures. Nonetheless, feasibility of LPV strategies in neurosurgical patients are still debated because the use of low Vt during LPV might result in hypercapnia with detrimental effects on cerebrovascular physiology. Aim of our study was to determine whether LPV strategies would be feasible compared with a control group in adult patients undergoing cranial or spinal surgery. Methods This single-centre, pilot randomized clinical trial was conducted at the University Hospital “Maggiore della Carità” (Novara, Italy). Adult patients undergoing major cerebral or spinal neurosurgical interventions with risk index for pulmonary post-operative complications > 2 and not expected to need post-operative intensive care unit (ICU) admission were considered eligible. Patients were randomly assigned to either LPV (Vt = 6 ml/kg of ideal body weight (IBW), respiratory rate initially set at 16 breaths/min, PEEP at 5 cmH2O and application of a recruitment manoeuvre (RM) immediately after intubation and at every disconnection from the ventilator) or control treatment (Vt = 10 ml/kg of IBW, respiratory rate initially set at 6–8 breaths/min, no PEEP and no RM). Primary outcomes of the study were intraoperative adverse events, the level of cerebral tension at dura opening and the intraoperative control of PaCO2. Secondary outcomes were the rate of pulmonary and extrapulmonary complications, the number of unplanned ICU admissions, ICU and hospital lengths of stay and mortality. Results A total of 60 patients, 30 for each group, were randomized. During brain surgery, the number of episodes of intraoperative hypercapnia and grade of cerebral tension were similar between patients randomized to receive control or LPV strategies. No difference in the rate of intraoperative adverse events was found between groups. The rate of postoperative pulmonary and extrapulmonary complications and major clinical outcomes were similar between groups. Conclusions LPV strategies in patients undergoing major neurosurgical intervention are feasible. Larger clinical trials are needed to assess their role in postoperative clinical outcome improvements. Trial registration registered on the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry (www.anzctr.org.au), registration number ACTRN12615000707561.

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