Is the consumption of sweets a risk factor for thyroid cancer?

Abstract Background Several studies have investigated the role of diet as a risk and/or protective factor on the development of the thyroid cancer but the results are unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of eating habits on the risk of thyroid cancer. Methods We carried out a hospital-based case-control study. The eating habits of the participants were investigated through a validated Lifestyles Questionnaire. The frequency of consumption of the different types of food was reported on a 4-level scale (never, 1 time per week, 2-3 times a week, 6 times a week). Logistic regression models were used to estimate the ORs and their 95% confidence intervals adjusted for age, gender and BMI. Statistical data analysis was conducted using the IBM SPSS Statistics 21.0 program. Results One hundred and six cases (91.2% CA papillary type) and 217 controls were recruited. A positive association was observed for BMI (OR: 1.085; IC95% = 1.022-1.152), consumption of complex carbohydrates (OR: 2,324; IC95%: 1,364-3,960) and a low consumption of legumes, cereals, potatoes, fruit and vegetables (OR: 2.285, 95% CI: 1.330-3.926). The consumption of sweets decreased with age (Rho: -0.445, N = 318, p = 0.000), but at the same age the cases had a higher consumption than controls. In particular, the consumption of sweets was higher in the age group between 39 and 52 years old. Conclusions Our study adds new and relevant information to support the hypothesis that a sugar rich diet may increase the risk of developing thyroid cancer. Funding This research was funded by Intradepartmental Research Plan 2016/2018 of Department of Medical, Surgical and Advanced Technologies, University of Catania, grant number: 5C722012104. Key messages Future studies need to clarify the mechanisms that associate the diet with the risk of thyroid cancer. More research is also needed to explain the differences in thyroid cancer among women and men.

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Diabetes and Insulin Therapy, but Not Metformin, Are Related to Hepatocellular Cancer Risk

Gastroenterology Research and Practice ◽

10.1155/2015/570356 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Luca Miele ◽

Cristina Bosetti ◽

Federica Turati ◽

Gianlodovico Rapaccini ◽

Antonio Gasbarrini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatocellular Cancer ◽

Excess Risk ◽

Diabetes Diagnosis ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Metabolic Conditions ◽

Never Smokers ◽

Fold Excess ◽

Control Study

Introduction. Metabolic conditions, including type 2 diabetes, have been related to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk. We have further analyzed the role of diabetes and antidiabetic treatments on HCC.Methods. Data derived from a hospital-based case-control study (Italy, 2005–2012) on 224 HCC patients and 389 controls. Odds ratios (ORs) were estimated using multiple logistic regression models.Results. Sixty-nine (30.9%) cases versus 52 (13.5%) controls reported a diabetes diagnosis, corresponding to a multivariate OR of 2.25 (95% confidence interval, CI = 1.42–3.56). A stronger excess risk emerged for a longer time since diabetes diagnosis (OR = 2.96 for <10 years and 5.33 for ≥10 years). Oral therapies were inversely, though not significantly, related to HCC risk, OR being 0.44 for metformin and 0.88 for sulfonylureas; conversely, insulin was nonsignificantly directly associated (OR = 1.90). Compared to nondiabetic subjects who were never smokers, those who were diabetics and ever smokers had an OR of 6.61 (95% CI 3.31–13.25).Conclusion. Our study confirms an over 2-fold excess HCC risk in diabetics, with a stronger excess risk in diabetic subjects who are also tobacco smokers. Metformin may decrease the risk of HCC, whereas insulin may increase the risk.

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The Association between Serum Bilirubin Levels and Colorectal Cancer Risk: Results from the Prospective Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg (KORA) Study in Germany

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox9100908 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (10) ◽

pp. 908

Author(s):

Nazlisadat Seyed Khoei ◽

Gabriele Anton ◽

Annette Peters ◽

Heinz Freisling ◽

Karl-Heinz Wagner

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Health Research ◽

High Performance ◽

A Priori ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Positive Association ◽

Population Based ◽

Inverse Association ◽

Control Study

Emerging studies have suggested that bilirubin, particularly unconjugated bilirubin (UCB), has substantial anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties that protect against oxidative stress-associated diseases such as cancer. Few observational studies have investigated the etiological role of bilirubin in colorectal cancer (CRC) development. In this case-control study, nested in the population-based prospective cohort of the Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg (KORA) study in south Germany, pre-diagnostic circulating UCB concentrations were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography in 77 CRC cases and their individually matched controls. Multivariable unconditional logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for associations between log-transformed UCB levels (log-UCB), standardized per one-standard-deviation (one-SD) increment, and CRC risk. The models were a priori stratified by sex based on previous evidence. In the fully adjusted models, each one-SD increment in log-UCB was indicative of a positive association with CRC risk (OR, 1.20; 95% CI, 0.52–2.79) among men, and of an inverse association (OR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.34–1.84) among women (Pheterogeneity = 0.4 for differences between men and women). We found little evidence for sex-specific associations of circulating bilirubin with CRC risk, and further studies are needed to confirm or refute the potential associations.

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TP53 rs1042522 C>G polymorphism and Wilms tumor susceptibility in Chinese children: a four-center case–control study

Bioscience Reports ◽

10.1042/bsr20181891 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 39 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Peng Liu ◽

Zhenjian Zhuo ◽

Wenya Li ◽

Jiwen Cheng ◽

Haixia Zhou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Significant Relationship ◽

Wilms Tumor ◽

Tp53 Gene ◽

Chinese Children ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Tumor Susceptibility ◽

Tumor Risk ◽

Larger Sample ◽

Control Study

Abstract Wilms tumor is the most common renal malignancy that occurs in children. TP53 gene is considered as a tumor-suppressing gene through controlling cell growth. TP53 gene rs1042522 C>G (Arg72Pro) polymorphism is widely investigated in various types of cancers. However, it is not established if TP53 rs1042522 C>G polymorphism is a candidate variant for Wilms tumor risk. The aim of the study was to determine whether TP53 rs1042522 C>G polymorphism is responsible for the risk of Wilms tumor in Chinese children. All subjects (355 cases and 1070 controls) from four centers of China were genotyped for rs1042522 C>G polymorphism. The effect of rs1042522 C>G polymorphism on Wilms tumor prevalence was analyzed using logistic regression models. We failed to detect a significant relationship between rs1042522 C>G polymorphism and Wilms tumor risk. Further stratification analysis also could not detect a significant relationship. We conclude that TP53 rs1042522 C>G polymorphism might not have enough impact on the risk of Wilms tumor. More validation study with larger sample size will be required to better define the role of TP53 rs1042522 C>G polymorphism in Wilms tumor risk.

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Renalase levels and genetic variants are associated with preeclampsia: a hospital based study in Chinese cohort

10.21203/rs.3.rs-58899/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Xianshu Li ◽

Qianqian Huang ◽

Jing Xu

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Gene Polymorphisms ◽

Chinese Women ◽

Positive Association ◽

Healthy Pregnancy ◽

Pcr Rflp ◽

Chinese Cohort ◽

Therapeutic Measures ◽

Control Study

Abstract Background Pre-eclampsia (PE) is a major contributor of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. There are many host related biomolecules that regulate the pathophysiology PE. Critical analysis of these parameters is of crucial importance as some of these may be used as prognostic/diagnostic marker of this serious ailment and can be targeted for developing therapeutic measures against the disease. The aim of the current study is to examine the role of renalse in the context PE in a Chinese cohort. Methods A hospital based case control study was designed to investigate role of renalase in PE. 384 Chinese women consisting of subjects with normotensive pregnancy (n = 105), women with PE (n = 121) and healthy pregnancy (n = 158) were included in the study. Serum renalse level was measured in recruited subjects by ELISA. Renalase gene polymorphisms (rs10887800, rs2576178 and rs2296545) were genotyped by PCR-RFLP. Results A higher level of serum renalse in healthy pregnant women compared to controls, whereas, subjects with PE demonstrated a reduced level of this enzyme. Renalse level was negatively correlated with systolic as well as diastolic blood pressure, whereas, a positive association was observed with glomerular filtration rate. Prevalence of homozygous mutant (GG) and minor allele (G) of rs10887800 and rs2576178 polymorphisms were higher in PE patients compared to normotensive pregnant women and healthy controls. Furthermore, association of G-G-C haplotype with susceptibility to PE was observed. Conclusions Low level of renalse may be associated with high risk of PE during pregnancy. Renalase gene polymorphisms (rs10887800 and rs2576178) are correlated with with serum renalase and associated with predisposition to development of PE in Chinese cohort.

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Physical Activity and Thyroid Cancer Risk: A Case-Control Study in Catania (South Italy)

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16081428 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (8) ◽

pp. 1428 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Maria Fiore ◽

Antonio Cristaldi ◽

Valeriya Okatyeva ◽

Salvatore Lo Bianco ◽

Gea Oliveri Conti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Thyroid Cancer ◽

Case Control Study ◽

The Elderly ◽

Case Control ◽

University Hospital ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

South Italy ◽

Physical Activity Adherence ◽

Control Study

Background: The health benefits of physical activity are well established, but the association between physical activity and thyroid cancer remains poorly understood. The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between physical activity and thyroid cancer in order to determine type, frequency, and duration of exercise needed to maximize prevention. Method: Cases, diagnosed from January 2009 to July 2018, and controls were enrolled at the University Hospital “Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele” of Catania (South Italy). Logistic regression models were used to estimate the crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals. Results: A total of 106 cases (91.2% papillary type) and 217 controls were enrolled. Physical activity was rare in Catania (32.8%) and was not correlated to risk of total thyroid cancer (OR: 0.997; 95% CI: 0.515–1.929). Conversely, walking every day for at least 60 minutes reduced the risk of thyroid cancer (OR: 0.357; 95% CI: 0.157–0.673). Conclusions: Our study showed that daily walking duration was associated with lower risk of thyroid cancer using a case-control study. Unfortunately, the frequency of physical activity often declines with age, particularly among the elderly, thus more research on physical activity adherence is needed to determine which approaches are most effective in promoting sustained physical activity participation.

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Morning chronotype decreases the risk of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy in women with breast cancer

10.21203/rs.3.rs-120820/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Kyung-Lak Son ◽

Dooyoung Jung ◽

Kwang-Min Lee ◽

Chan-Woo Yeom ◽

Kyu-Han Oh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Peripheral Neuropathy ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Protective Factor ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Disease Stage ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Composite Scale ◽

Md Anderson

Abstract The purpose of this longitudinal prospective cohort study was to investigate the role of chronotype in the incidence of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) among women with breast cancer. A total of 128 subjects with breast cancer awaiting adjuvant chemotherapy without peripheral neuropathy participated in this study. The presence of CIPN was defined as a response of 3 or higher on a peripheral neuropathy subscale in the MD Anderson Symptom Inventory. Candidate psychiatric factors associated with CIPN were assessed, using the Composite Scale of Morningness, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. To examine the association between chronotype and CIPN, we built logistic regression models, adjusting for demographic, clinical, and other psychiatric variables. Forty-nine participants received a chemotherapy regimen containing docetaxel, of which 29 (59%) developed CIPN. We performed subgroup analyses of docetaxel-treated participants. The morning chronotype was inversely associated with CIPN (odds ratio, 0.07; confidence interval, 0.01–0.48; p = 0.016) after adjusting for age, BMI, education, alcohol use, smoking, disease stage, sleep quality, depression, and anxiety. Our results suggest that the morning chronotype is a protective factor against the development of CIPN in patients with breast cancer who were treated with docetaxel.

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Is consumption of vegetables and fruit a protective factor against kidney cancer?

Open Medicine ◽

10.2478/s11536-012-0144-3 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 364-368

Author(s):

Kateřina Azeem ◽

Hana Tomášková ◽

Dagmar Horáková ◽

Silvie Magnusková ◽

Jarmila Ševčíková ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Kidney Cancer ◽

Protective Factor ◽

Dietary Habits ◽

Protective Role ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Fresh Vegetables ◽

Using Data ◽

Pickled Vegetables

AbstractThe role of vegetable and fruit consumption in the aetiology of kidney cancer was analyzed using data from a case-control study conducted in two centres in the Czech Republic between 1999 and 2003. The study comprised 300 patients with newly diagnosed, histologically confirmed kidney cancer and 335 controls. Information on dietary habits was obtained using a standardized food frequency questionnaire including 23 food items. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals were calculated using logistic regression models. A strong protective effect of vegetables consumption on renal cell carcinoma risk was observed among people with high consumption of fresh vegetables (OR 0.42 95% CI (0.29–0.60)) and cooked vegetables (OR 0.71, 95% CI (0.51–1.00)). The protective role of fresh fruit was significant as crude OR 0.71, 95% CI (0.50–1.00), but after adjusting for the main risk factors no association was found (OR 1.08, 95% CI (0.71–1.64)). The protective role of pickled vegetables disappeared after adjustment for the main risk factors.

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Hypertension control and risk of colonic diverticulosis

Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology ◽

10.1177/1756284819855734 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

pp. 175628481985573

Author(s):

Li-Xian Yeo ◽

Tzu-Hsiang Tseng ◽

Wei-Liang Chen ◽

Tung-Wei Kao ◽

Li-Wei Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Regression Models ◽

Antihypertensive Medication ◽

Positive Association ◽

Antihypertensive Drug Therapy ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Epidemiologic Evidence ◽

Asymptomatic Patients

Background: The prevalence of diverticulosis has increased in our aging population, but the risk factors for diverticulosis are not fully understood. The role of hypertension in the risk of diverticulosis remains uncertain. This study investigated whether hypertension is associated with asymptomatic colorectal diverticulosis. Methods: This study enrolled asymptomatic patients who received a colonoscopy as part of a health check. Hypertension was defined by actual measured blood pressure. Logistic regression models were used to examine the relationship between hypertension and diverticulosis. In addition, we established three logistic regression models for covariate adjustment, and further stratified patients with hypertension into three subgroups based on their type of hypertension. Results: The study group consisted of 2748 participants, including 141 participants with diverticulosis and 2607 participants without diverticulosis. After adjustments for potential covariates, the odds ratio (OR) for having diverticulosis was 1.83 (95% confidence interval, 1.21–2.75, p = 0.004) in the hypertension group compared with the group without hypertension. In subgroup analyses, hypertension without antihypertensive medication use, and hypertension despite the use of antihypertensive medication were also significantly associated with the occurrence of asymptomatic diverticulosis (OR = 1.73, p = 0.028; OR = 2.07, p = 0.013, respectively). Current normal blood pressure under antihypertensive drug therapy was not associated with diverticulosis (OR = 1.74, p = 0.092). Conclusions: Our findings suggest a positive association between hypertension and diverticulosis. Participants with poorly controlled blood pressure were found to have a higher risk of asymptomatic diverticulosis. Our study presents epidemiologic evidence for future prevention strategies against diverticulosis.

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Examining the role of narratives in civic crowdfunding: linguistic style and message substance

Industrial Management & Data Systems ◽

10.1108/imds-08-2018-0370 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Chang Heon Lee ◽

Yiyang Bian ◽

Rajaa Karaouzene ◽

Nasreen Suleiman

Keyword(s):

Empirical Studies ◽

Relevant Information ◽

Dual Process ◽

Content Type ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Linguistic Style ◽

Goods And Services ◽

Likelihood Model ◽

The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore how linguistic style and message substance influence persuasion in civic crowdfunding marketplaces in which written narrative pitch become a vital communication to attract private contributions to public goods and services. Drawing on the elaboration likelihood model (ELM), the authors operationalize the linguistic style of the narrative pitch as language power and message substance as issue-relevant argument quality. In this paper, the authors examine how characteristics of both style and message are related to the outcome of civic crowdfunded projects. Design/methodology/approach The data on civic crowdfunding projects were retrieved from Spacehive, the platform that dedicated mainly to civic projects ranging from community programs, social-oriented enterprises, to infrastructure or facility development. Each of the narrative samples is analyzed using a computerized text analysis package called the Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count to extract the features of the linguistic style and message substance in the narratives. The logistic regression models are estimated to assess the impact of both linguistic style and message substance on crowdfunding decisions. Findings The results show that funding outcomes can be improved with psychological language dimensions (i.e. positive affective and perceptual language). However, extensive use of social language does not help project creators to increase their chance of funding performance; but instead, such language reduces the likelihood of project success. Additionally, message substance or issue-relevant information such as money and risk language influences funding outcome. Originality/value Very few empirical studies investigated the differential effects of language style and message substance on funding performance of crowdfunding campaigns. The authors draw upon the dual process of persuasion as a theoretical base to identify a comprehensive set of linguistic style and message substance and to examine the role of such features in an emerging civic crowdfunding market. This study advances the application of the dual process in ELM by identifying and examining distinct persuasive cues originating from linguistics styles and message contents.

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Epidemic cholera in urban Zambia: hand soap and dried fish as protective factors

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s0950268806006273 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 134 (6) ◽

pp. 1226-1230 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

A. E. DUBOIS ◽

M. SINKALA ◽

P. KALLURI ◽

M. MAKASA-CHIKOYA ◽

R. E. QUICK

Keyword(s):

Protective Factor ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Fatality ◽

Water Source ◽

Protective Role ◽

Case Control ◽

Prevention Strategies ◽

Treatment Practice ◽

Control Study

Between 28 November 2003 and 23 February 2004, 4343 cases and 154 deaths from cholera (case-fatality rate 3·5%) were reported in Lusaka, Zambia. A case-control study was conducted in February 2004 to assess potential transmission routes and prevention strategies. Consumption of raw vegetables was significantly associated with cholera [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 4·7, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1·7–13, P=0·003). Consumption of a local sardine-like fish was protective (aOR 0·3, 95% CI 0·1–0·7, P=0·008). Hand soap was present in 90% of control homes and 58% of case homes. Observed hand soap was a strongly protective factor (aOR 0·1, 95% CI 0·04–0·4, P=0·001). No water source or treatment practice was significantly associated with cholera. This study documents the importance of foodborne transmission of cholera, illustrates the protective role of hand washing in an epidemic setting, and identifies a novel possible protective factor, a local fish, which warrants further research.

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