Identification of the Phytoconstituents in Methanolic Extract of Adhatoda vasica L. Leaves by GC-MS Analysis and its Antioxidant Activity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nausheen Khan ◽  
Abdul Qadir ◽  
Musarrat Husain Warsi ◽  
Amena Ali ◽  
Abu Tahir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Tetradecanoic Acid ◽  
Adhatoda Vasica ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
Dpph Method ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy ◽  
Identification And Characterization

Abstract Background Adhatoda vasica L. is a medicinal plant, also known as Malabar nut in English, belongs to family Acanthaceae. It has been used traditionally to treat respiratory disorders like severe cough, cold, chronic bronchitis, asthma, tuberculosis, and other illnesses. The multifunctional range of bioactives found in it has piqued the interest of pharmaceutical companies, who are looking for more evidence-based ways to develop new formulations. Method Methanolic extract of Adhatoda vasica L. leaves (MEAV) was analysed by hyphenated gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy for identification and characterization of its bioactives and traditional therapeutic claim. Widely anticipated DPPH method was used to determine the antioxidant activity of MEAV. Results The major compounds revealed in MEAV leaves are 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine (3.06%); 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4H-pyran-4-one (5.35%); 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (16.82%); 2-butylphenol (6.85%); 3,4-dihydroxy-5-methyl-dihydro-furan-2-on (2.5%); 2(OR 3)-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-methoxyphenol (3.52%); megastigmatrienone 3 (1.02%); tetradecanoic acid (1.52%); vomifoliol (0.58%); oxalic acid, cyclobutylhexyl ester (6.03%); hexadecanoic acid (6.06%); 4-ethyl-2-oxo-2,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-cyclopenta[B]pyridine-3-carbonitrile (10.08%); phytol (2.01%); and vitamin E (3.18%). A significant reduction in free radical against DPPH was observed, which revealed antioxidant potential of MEAV. Conclusion Methanolic extract of Adhatoda vasica L. leaves consist of both polar and nonpolar components. GC-MS analysis was used to identify these compounds. The current work validates that the antioxidant activity of methanolic extract attributed to the presence of compounds like vitamin E, alkaloid, and terpene.

scholarly journals GCMS, phytochemicals and antioxidant activities of in vitro callus extracts of Strobilanthes kunthiana (Nees) T. Anderson ex Benth: An endemic plant of Acanthaceae

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 359-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Prabakaran ◽  
E. Kirutheka
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Octadecenoic Acid ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
Dpph Method

Strobilanthes kunthiana (Neelakurinji) is an endemic and underexploited plant belongs to the Family Acanthaceae. The aim of our study was to evaluate phytochemical analysis, GC-MS analysis and antioxidant activity of in vitro callus extract of Strobilanthes kunthiana. In this present study the phytochemical analysis of various extract of S. kunthiana in vitro callus were studied. Phytochemical analysis confirmed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, saponins, tannins, steroids, terpenoids and phenols in the methanolic extract comparing to the other extracts. In this study GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of 10 bioactive phytochemical compounds were identified in the methanolic extract. The prevailing compounds were 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z) (50.32%), hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester (20.69%), 9-octadecenoic acid (Z)-,methyl ester (10.45%), heptadecanoic acid, 16-methyl-, methyl ester (5.78%), 2,6-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-methyl phenol (4.70%). 3-methyl-2-ketobutyric acid tbdms (2.79%), 2,2,3,4-tetramethyl-5-hexen-3-ol (2.41%), N-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-2-(4-methoxyphenyl) allylamine (1.06%), cyclotrisiloxane, hexamethyl (0.94%), benzenesulfonamide (0.87%). The antioxidant property was evaluated for methanol and ethanolic extract by DPPH method. The higher percentage of inhibition (79.23 +/- 0.37) was observed in 250 μg/mL of ethanol extract followed by (90.35 +/- 0.54) methanolic extract against the standard ascorbic acid (91.25 +/- 0.33). The results show that the methanolic extract possesses more antioxidant activity than ethanol. The plant S. kunthiana may be exploited as a source of natural antioxidant and as herbal alternatives for various disorders.

scholarly journals GC-MS Analysis, Phytochemical Screening and Biological Activity of Bauhinia tomentosa (Linn.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (11) ◽  
pp. 2641-2644
Author(s):  
R. Mini ◽  
V. Prabhu ◽  
K. Vimaladevi ◽  
J. Sowmiya ◽  
G. Sibi
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Tetradecanoic Acid ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy ◽  
Minor Compounds

Present study aimed to evaluate the chemical composition and biological activity for methanolic extract of Bauhinia tomentosa (Linn.) leaves grown in Western Ghats region of South India. The preliminary phytochemical screening tests revealed the presence of steroids, alkaloids, terpenoids, flavonoids, glycosides and phenolic compounds in the leaf extract. A total of 19 compounds were identified through gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) analysis of methanolic extract of B. tomentosa. The major compounds identified were phytol (23.96%), n-hexadecanoic acid (11.62%), squalene (8.85%) and the minor compounds are trans-bis(2-methylpropyl)-4,6-dioxane(0.13%), dihydro-cis-α-copaene-8-ol (0.14%), tetradecanoic acid (0.81%), respectively. Antibacterial activity of the extract showed the zone of inhibition 18 mm at 200 μg/mL against S. aureus, followed by 15 and 16 mm against S. anginosus, K. pneumoniae at 200 μg/mL, respectively. Antioxidant activity of methanolic extract of B. tomentosa leaves showed the maximum IC50 value with 75.07 % of scavenging activity at the concentration of 5 μg/mL.

scholarly journals Ekstraksi, Karakterisasi dan Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Astaxanthin dari Produk Fermentasi Udang (Cincalok)

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-322
Author(s):  
Mauludia Mauludia ◽  
Thamrin Usman ◽  
Winda Rahmalia ◽  
Dwi Imam Prayitno ◽  
Siti Nani Nurbaeti
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
High Pressure Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Dpph Method ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Tlc Analysis ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Shrimp is one of the aquatic organisms that contain several active compounds, including astaxanthin. Cincalok is one of the fermented shrimp products containing astaxanthin. This study aims to determine the characteristics of astaxanthin extract from cincalok and its antioxidant activity. Extraction of astaxanthin from cincalok was carried out using the reflux method with acetone : cyclohexane (20:80 v/v) as a solvent. The identification and characterization of astaxanthin was carried out using thin-layer chromatography (TLC), UV-Vis spectrophotometry, and High-Pressure Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Meanwhile, the antioxidant activity test was carried out using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method in one serial concentration (5; 15; 25 ppm). The results of TLC analysis showed that astaxanthin in cincalok extract has Rf value (0.32). The analysis using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer produced a spectrum with a maximum wavelength of 477 nm, which corresponds to the maximum wavelength of standard astaxanthin. The yield of astaxanthin extract from cincalok in this study was 1.47 mg/100 g wet weight. The chromatogram from the results of UHPLC analysis showed that the retention time of cincalok astaxanthin extract was 6.27 minutes with a purity of 18.03%. The antioxidant activity of cincalok astaxanthin extract was 568.32 ppm. Udang merupakan salah satu organisme air yang mengandung banyak senyawa aktif, termasuk astaxanthin. Cincalok merupakan salah satu produk hasil fermentasi udang yang mengandung astaxanthin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik ekstrak astaxanthin dari cincalok dan aktivitas antioksidannya. Ekstraksi astaxanthin dari cincalok menggunakan metode refluks dengan pelarut aseton:sikloheksan (20:80 v/v). Identifikasi dan karakterisasi astaxanthin dilakukan dengan menggunakan kromatografi lapis tipis (KLT), spektrofotometri UV-Vis, dan High Pressure Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Sedangkan uji aktivitas antioksidan dilakukan menggunakan metode 1,1-difenil-2-pikrilhidrazil (DPPH) dengan memvariasikan konsentrasi larutan uji, yaitu 5; 15; 25 ppm. Hasil dari penelitian ini melaporkan astaxanthin pada ekstrak cincalok menunjukkan nilai Rf 0,32 pada kromatografi lapis tipis (KLT). Hasil analisis menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis menghasilkan spektra dengan panjang gelombang maksimum 477 nm, yang sesuai dengan panjang gelombang maksimum astaxanthin standar. Randemen ekstrak astaxanthin dari cincalok pada penelitian ini adalah 1,47 mg/100 g berat basah. Kromatogram dari hasil analisis UHPLC menunjukkan waktu retensi ekstrak astaxanthin cincalok yaitu selama 6,27 menit dengan kemurnian sebesar 18,03%. Aktivitas antioksidan dari ekstrak astaxanthin cincalok diperoleh sebesar 568,32 ppm.  

scholarly journals An Integrated NMR, LC-DAD-MS, LC-QTOF Metabolomic Characterization of Sartoria hedysaroides: Correlation of Antioxidant and Enzyme Inhibitory Activity with Chemical Composition by Multivariate Data Analysis

Antioxidants ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 110
Author(s):  
Stefano Dall’Acqua ◽  
Stefania Sut ◽  
Kouadio Ibrahime Sinan ◽  
Gokhan Zengin ◽  
Irene Ferrarese ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Multivariate Data Analysis ◽  
Aerial Part ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Multivariate Data ◽  
Chemical Data ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Inhibition ◽  
Biological Potential

Sartoria hedysaroides Boiss and Heldr. (Fabaceae) is an endemic plant of Turkey that has received little scientific consideration so far. In the present study, the chemical profiles of extracts from the aerial part and roots of S. hedysaroides obtained using solvents with different polarities were analyzed combining integrated NMR, LC-DAD-MSn, and LC-QTOF methods. In vitro antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activities were evaluated, and the results were combined with chemical data using multivariate approaches. Phenolic acids, flavonoids, ellagitannins, and coumarins were identified and quantified in the extracts of aerial part and roots. Methanolic extract of S. hedysaroides aerial part showed the highest phenolic content and the highest antioxidant activity and cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity. Dichloromethane extract of S. hedysaroides roots showed the highest inhibition of butyryl cholinesterase, while methanolic extract of S. hedysaroides aerial part was the most active tyrosinase inhibitor. Multivariate data analysis allowed us to observe a good correlation between phenolic compounds, especially caffeoylquinic derivatives and flavonoids and the antioxidant activity of extracts. Acetylcholinesterase inhibition was correlated with the presence of caffeoylquinic acids and coumarins. Overall, the present study appraised the biological potential of understudied S. hedysaroides, and provided a comprehensive approach combining metabolomic characterization of plant material and multivariate data analysis for the correlation of chemical data with results from multi-target biological assays.

scholarly journals Phytochemical screening and GC MS analysis of methanolic extract of Abelmoschus moschatus

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL4) ◽  
pp. 3049-3052
Author(s):  
Rani Sebastian ◽  
Jayakar B ◽  
Gomathi V
Keyword(s):  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Cytoprotective Activity ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
Acetate Methyl ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy ◽  
Vinyl Phenol

The study was designed to evaluate the phytoconstituents present in the methanolic extract of aerial parts of Abelmoschus moschatus. The qualitative phytochemical screening of different extracts of aerial parts revealed the presence of some bioactive compounds. GC – MS analysis was performed using Shimadzu Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (Model Number: QP2010S) instrument. GC-MS detection of phytoconstituents was done by computer evaluation of mass spectra of samples through National Institute Standard and Technology (NIST II) and WILEY 8 library. GC – MS analysis detected the presence of 14 compounds. GC – MS profile of the methanolic extract revealed the presence of megastigmatrienone, phytol, loliolide, farnesyl acetate, methyl linoleates, gamma-sitosterol, cis, cis, cis-7,10,13-Hexadecatrienal, thymine, pyranone, coumarin, 2 – methoxy 4 – vinyl phenol, guanosine, chinasaure and 3- cyclopentyl propionic acid 2 dimethyl aminoethyl ester. The current study suggests that methanolic extracts of aerial parts of Abelmoschus moschatus contain phytoconstituents with antioxidant and cytoprotective activity. The study results will pave a way for the production of therapeutic agents which can be used for the treatment of various diseases.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities, Cytotoxicity of Acacia seyal Del Bark Extracts and Isolated Compounds

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 2392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdirahman Elmi ◽  
Rosella Spina ◽  
Arnaud Risler ◽  
Stéphanie Philippot ◽  
Ali Mérito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Frap Assay ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Dpph Method ◽  
Acacia Seyal

Water extract of Acacia seyal bark is used traditionally by the population in Djibouti for its anti-infectious activity. The evaluation of in vitro antibacterial, antioxidant activities and cytotoxicity as well as chemical characterization of Acacia seyal bark water and methanolic extracts were presented. The water extract has a toxicity against the MRC-5 cells at 256 μg/mL while the methanolic extract has a weak toxicity at the same concentration. The methanolic extract has a strong antioxidant activity with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 150 ± 2.2 μg/mL using 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and IC50 of 27 ± 1.3 μg/mL using 2,2′-azino-bis 3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) radical methods. For ferric reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP) assay, the result is 45.74 ± 5.96 μg Vitamin C Equivalent (VCE)/g of dry weight (DW). The precipitation of tannins from methanol crude extract decreases the MIC from 64 µg/mL to 32 µg/mL against Staphylococcus aureus and Corynebacterium urealyticum. However, the antioxidant activity is higher before tannins precipitation than after (IC50 = 150 µg/mL for methanolic crude extract and 250 µg/mL after tannins precipitation determined by DPPH method). By matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) analysis, the results showed that the condensed tannins consist of two types of catechin and gallocatechin-based oligomers. The fractionation led to the identification of three pure compounds: two flavanols catechin and epicatechin; one triterpene as lupeol; and a mixture of three steroids and one fatty acid: campesterol, stigmasterol, clionasterol, and oleamide.

scholarly journals Characterization of Thyme and Tansy Extracts Used as Basic Substances in Zucchini Crop Protection

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Claudio Beni ◽  
Laura Casorri ◽  
Eva Masciarelli ◽  
Barbara Ficociello ◽  
Olimpia Masetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Field Trial ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Control Plant ◽  
Elemental Content ◽  
Dpph Method ◽  
Basic Substances

Bio-sourced substances used for crop protection in natural and organic farming have a positive impact both on human and environment health: plant extracts are effective to stimulate plant defense against pests and diseases, with no toxic effect and they could be classified as basic substances. The chemical characterization of thyme and tansy extracts were carried out with ICP and NMR techniques for the analysis of elemental content and organic components. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH method. Phytostimulant effects of extracts were evaluated on zucchini crop in a preliminary field test. Vegetative plant conditions were assessed by measuring the chlorophyll content. The 1% extracts were chosen for field trial because of their maximum antioxidant activity (over 80%) and their cheapness compared to 2% concentration. NMR showed that the spectrum of tansy highlighted the phenolic fraction in 6-9 ppm region and, in particular, at 5.9 ppm the signals of thymol, a peculiar antioxidant compound; while the spectrum of thyme is less significant. The field trial results showed a higher fruit yield and a positive effect on plant growth in treated plants respect to control ones, due to the composition and antioxidant activity of both plant extracts. In fact, thyme extract treated plants showed a yield equal to 6,4 kg per plant, higher than no treated ones, 5,1 kg per plant; also tansy extract induced a higher yield respect to control plant, respectively 5,6 and 3,9 kg per plant. The results obtained indicate the role of the extracts investigated as basic substances.

Stabilitas Fisika‐Kimia Serbuk Daun Kelor (Moringa Oleifera) dan Vitamin E dalam Bentuk Sediaan Krim

CALYPTRA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia Indriani Lian ◽  
Nani Parfati
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Chemical Stability ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Stability Test ◽  
Skin Damage ◽  
Activity Test ◽  
Dpph Method ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Leaves ◽  
Dispersion Test

Abstrak- Tanaman kelor (Moringa oleifera) adalah salah satu tanaman yang memiliki banyak fungsi dan khasiat bagi kehidupan manusia. Salah satu yang paling menonjol dari kandungan tanaman kelor adalah kandungan antioksidan, terutama pada bagian daun. Daun kelor (Moringa oleifera) memiliki kandungan bahan aktif seperti flavonoid, saponin, tanin, dan polifenol. Senyawa tersebut mampu menangkal radikal bebas yang dapat menyebabkan penuaan dini dan kerusakan kulit. Tujuan dilaksanakannya penelitian ini adalah untuk memformulasikan daun kelor (Moringa oleifera) menjadi sediaan krim antioksidan dengan menggunakan variasi bahan aktif yaitu krim basis (F1), krim serbuk daun kelor (F2), dan krim vitamin E (F3). Evaluasi dilakukan untuk melihat stabilitas fisika dan kimia. Parameter uji stabilitas fisika meliputi uji organoleptis, uji daya sebar, uji tipe emulsi, uji bobot jenis, uji viskositas, uji sifat alir, dan uji distribusi ukuran partikel dan droplet. Parameter uji stabilitas kimia meliputi uji pH dan uji aktivitas antioksidan. Pengamatan pada sediaan krim dilakukan selama 28 hari. Penentuan aktivitas antioksidan dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode DPPH yang kemudian serapannya diukur dengan spektrofotometer UV-Vis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna baik pada krim basis, krim serbuk daun kelor, maupun krim vitamin E hal ini ditunjukkan dengan hasil uji statistik ANOVA satu arah yaitu nilai P<0,01. Hasil uji aktivitas antioksidan menunjukkan bahwa krim F2 memilik % peredaman radikal bebas yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan krim F1 dan F3. Kata Kunci: kelor, vitamin e, krim, stabilitas fisika-kimia, aktivitas antioksidan Abstract- Moringa oleifera has many functions and properties for human use. One of the most prominent of the Moringa compounds is the antioxidants from the leaves. Moringa oleifera leaves contain active compounds such as flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and polyphenols. These compounds inhibit free radicals that can cause premature aging and skin damage. The purpose of this study was to formulate Moringa oleifera leaves into an antioxidant cream dosage form using a variety of active ingredients which are cream base (F1), cream of Moringa leaf powder (F2), and cream of vitamin E (F3). The evaluation test was done to determine the physical and chemical stability. The parameters of physical stability test include organoleptic test, dispersion test, emulsion type test, density test, viscosity test, flow properties test, and test of particle size distribution and droplet. Chemical stability test parameters include pH test and antioxidant activity test. The observations of the cream dosage forms were followed for 28 days. The determination of antioxidant activity was conducted using the DPPH method which was then measured by a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The results showed that there were significant differences in the base cream, Moringa oleifera cream, and vitamin E cream as indicated by the results of the one-way ANOVA statistical test, the P value <0.01. The results of the antioxidant activity test showed that F2 cream had a higher % of free radical reduction compared to F1 and F3 creams. Keywords: moringa, vitamin e, cream, physical-chemical stability, antioxidant activity

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