The small DUF1127 protein CcaF1 from Rhodobacter sphaeroides is an RNA-binding protein involved in sRNA maturation and RNA turnover

Abstract Many different protein domains are conserved among numerous species, but their function remains obscure. Proteins with DUF1127 domains number >17 000 in current databases, but a biological function has not yet been assigned to any of them. They are mostly found in alpha- and gammaproteobacteria, some of them plant and animal pathogens, symbionts or species used in industrial applications. Bioinformatic analyses revealed similarity of the DUF1127 domain of bacterial proteins to the RNA binding domain of eukaryotic Smaug proteins that are involved in RNA turnover and have a role in development from Drosophila to mammals. This study demonstrates that the 71 amino acid DUF1127 protein CcaF1 from the alphaproteobacterium Rhodobacter sphaeroides participates in maturation of the CcsR sRNAs that are processed from the 3′ UTR of the ccaF mRNA and have a role in the oxidative stress defense. CcaF1 binds to many cellular RNAs of different type, several mRNAs with a function in cysteine / methionine / sulfur metabolism. It affects the stability of the CcsR RNAs and other non-coding RNAs and mRNAs. Thus, the widely distributed DUF1127 domain can mediate RNA-binding, affect stability of its binding partners and consequently modulate the bacterial transcriptome, thereby influencing different physiological processes.

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MAC5, an RNA-binding protein, protects pri-miRNAs from SERRATE-dependent exoribonuclease activities

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ◽

10.1073/pnas.2008283117 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 117 (38) ◽

pp. 23982-23990 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Shengjun Li ◽

Mu Li ◽

Kan Liu ◽

Huimin Zhang ◽

Shuxin Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rna Binding ◽

Rna Binding Protein ◽

Dual Role ◽

Mirna Biogenesis ◽

Core Component ◽

Stem Loop ◽

Loop Region ◽

Nuclear Rna ◽

Efficient Processing ◽

The Stability

MAC5 is a component of the conserved MOS4-associated complex. It plays critical roles in development and immunity. Here we report that MAC5 is required for microRNA (miRNA) biogenesis. MAC5 interacts with Serrate (SE), which is a core component of the microprocessor that processes primary miRNA transcripts (pri-miRNAs) into miRNAs and binds the stem-loop region of pri-miRNAs. MAC5 is essential for both the efficient processing and the stability of pri-miRNAs. Interestingly, the reduction of pri-miRNA levels inmac5is partially caused by XRN2/XRN3, the nuclear-localized 5′-to-3′ exoribonucleases, and depends on SE. These results reveal that MAC5 plays a dual role in promoting pri-miRNA processing and stability through its interaction with SE and/or pri-miRNAs. This study also uncovers that pri-miRNAs need to be protected from nuclear RNA decay machinery, which is connected to the microprocessor.

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Suboptimal Disturbance Observer Design Using All Stabilizing Q Filter for Precise Tracking Control

Mathematics ◽

10.3390/math8091434 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (9) ◽

pp. 1434 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Wonhee Kim ◽

Sangmin Suh

Keyword(s):

Design Method ◽

Industrial Applications ◽

Point Of View ◽

Observer Design ◽

Linear Matrix ◽

External Disturbances ◽

Closed Loop Systems ◽

Control Target ◽

The Stability ◽

Unified Index

For several decades, disturbance observers (DOs) have been widely utilized to enhance tracking performance by reducing external disturbances in different industrial applications. However, although a DO is a verified control structure, a conventional DO does not guarantee stability. This paper proposes a stability-guaranteed design method, while maintaining the DO structure. The proposed design method uses a linear matrix inequality (LMI)-based H∞ control because the LMI-based control guarantees the stability of closed loop systems. However, applying the DO design to the LMI framework is not trivial because there are two control targets, whereas the standard LMI stabilizes a single control target. In this study, the problem is first resolved by building a single fictitious model because the two models are serial and can be considered as a single model from the Q-filter point of view. Using the proposed design framework, all-stabilizing Q filters are calculated. In addition, for the stability and robustness of the DO, two metrics are proposed to quantify the stability and robustness and combined into a single unified index to satisfy both metrics. Based on an application example, it is verified that the proposed method is effective, with a performance improvement of 10.8%.

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A DENSITY FUNCTIONAL STUDY OF THE STRUCTURE OF SILANE COUPLING AGENT 3–AMINOPROPYLTRIETHOXYSILANE

Journal of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry ◽

10.1142/s021963360500157x ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 04 (01) ◽

pp. 117-126

Author(s):

N. L. MA ◽

P. WU

Keyword(s):

Coupling Agent ◽

Density Functional ◽

Solution Structure ◽

Silane Coupling Agent ◽

Industrial Applications ◽

Functional Study ◽

Stable Form ◽

Functional Theory ◽

Silane Coupling ◽

The Stability

Using density functional theory, we predicted the solution structure of the hydrolyzed 3–aminopropyltriethoxysilane (h–APS), which is a silane coupling agent commonly used in many industrial applications. We have located five stable minima on the potential energy surface of h–APS in which four of them are "neutral", and the remaining one is zwitterionic (dipolar) in nature. Our calculations suggested that the stability of the most stable form of h–APS in water (denoted as II_N) arose from strong intramolecular OH ⋯ N hydrogen bond. The least stable form is the zwitterionic form (I_ZW), which is estimated to be over 90 kJ mol -1 less stable than II_N. The factors governing the relative stabilities of different forms are discussed.

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Current Practices for Reference Gene Selection in RT-qPCR of Aspergillus: Outlook and Recommendations for the Future

Genes ◽

10.3390/genes12070960 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (7) ◽

pp. 960

Author(s):

Meagan Archer ◽

Jianping Xu

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Reference Gene ◽

Reference Genes ◽

Gene Selection ◽

Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽

Specific Method ◽

Experimental Conditions ◽

Reference Gene Selection ◽

Physiological Processes ◽

The Stability

Aspergillus is a genus of filamentous fungi with vast geographic and ecological distributions. Species within this genus are clinically, agriculturally and biotechnologically relevant, leading to increasing interest in elucidating gene expression dynamics of key metabolic and physiological processes. Reverse-transcription quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR) is a sensitive and specific method of quantifying gene expression. A crucial step for comparing RT-qPCR results between strains and experimental conditions is normalisation to experimentally validated reference gene(s). In this review, we provide a critical analysis of current reference gene selection and validation practices for RT-qPCR gene expression analyses of Aspergillus. Of 90 primary research articles obtained through our PubMed query, 17 experimentally validated the reference gene(s) used. Twenty reference genes were used across the 90 studies, with beta-tubulin being the most used reference gene, followed by actin, 18S rRNA and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sixteen of the 90 studies used multiple reference genes for normalisation. Failing to experimentally validate the stability of reference genes can lead to conflicting results, as was the case for four studies. Overall, our review highlights the need to experimentally validate reference genes in RT-qPCR studies of Aspergillus.

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Chaos control of permanent magnet synchronous motor using simple controllers

Transactions of the Institute of Measurement and Control ◽

10.1177/0142331218799830 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 41 (8) ◽

pp. 2352-2364 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Arif Iqbal ◽

Girish Kumar Singh

Keyword(s):

Permanent Magnet ◽

Chaos Control ◽

Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor ◽

Synchronous Motor ◽

Industrial Applications ◽

Stable Operation ◽

Comparative Performance ◽

Experimental Implementation ◽

Chaotic Characteristic ◽

The Stability

Owing to the superior properties and stable operation, the Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) is preferably used in wide industrial applications. But, the stability of motor is found to be dependent on its initial operating condition, showing the chaotic characteristic. Therefore, this paper addresses the chaos control of PMSM by developing four simple but effective controllers, which are mathematically designed by using the principle of Lyapunov’s method for asymptotic global stability. A comparative performance assessment has been carried out for the developed controllers in terms of settling time and peak over shoot. Furthermore, the concept of conventional proportional-integration type controller has been extended to develop two more controllers for chaos control of PMSM. Numerical simulation has been carried out in Matlab environment for performance evaluation of developed controllers. The obtained analytical results have been validated through experimental implementation in real time environment on Multisim/Ultiboard platform.

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The Putative RNA-Binding Protein Nrp1 Promotes the Loading of Kinesin-14/Klp2 to the Mitotic Spindle and Is Sequestered Into Heat-Induced Protein Aggregates in Fission Yeast

10.20944/preprints202103.0452.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Masashi Yukawa ◽

Mitsuki Ohishi ◽

Yusuke Yamada ◽

Takashi Toda

Keyword(s):

Fission Yeast ◽

Rna Binding ◽

Binding Protein ◽

Rna Binding Protein ◽

Protein Aggregates ◽

Associated Proteins ◽

Spindle Microtubules ◽

The Stability ◽

And Function ◽

Post Transcriptional Regulation

Cells form a bipolar spindle during mitosis to ensure accurate chromosome segregation. Proper spindle architecture is established by a set of kinesin motors and microtubule-associated proteins. In most eukaryotes, kinesin-5 motors are essential for this process, and genetic or chemical inhibition of their activity leads to the emergence of monopolar spindles and cell death. However, these deficiencies can be rescued by simultaneous inactivation of kinesin-14 motors, as they counteract kinesin-5. We conducted detailed genetic analyses in fission yeast to understand the mechanisms driving spindle assembly in the absence of kinesin-5. Here we show that deletion of the nrp1 gene, which encodes a putative RNA-binding protein with unknown function, can rescue temperature sensitivity caused by cut7-22, a fission yeast kinesin-5 mutant. Interestingly, kinesin-14/Klp2 levels on the spindles in the cut7 mutants were significantly reduced by the nrp1 deletion, although the total levels of Klp2 and the stability of spindle microtubules remained unaffected. Moreover, RNA-binding motifs of Nrp1 are essential for its cytoplasmic localization and function. We have also found that a portion of Nrp1 is spatially and functionally sequestered by chaperone-based protein aggregates upon mild heat stress and limits cell division at high temperatures. We propose that Nrp1 might be involved in post-transcriptional regulation through its RNA-binding ability to promote the loading of Klp2 on the spindle microtubules.

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Immobilization of Mutant Phosphotriesterase on Fuller’s Earth Enhanced the Stability of the Enzyme

Catalysts ◽

10.3390/catal11080983 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 983

Author(s):

Wahhida Latip ◽

Victor Feizal Knight ◽

Ong Keat Khim ◽

Noor Azilah Mohd Kasim ◽

Wan Md Zin Wan Yunus ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thermal Stability ◽

Metal Ions ◽

Half Life ◽

Industrial Applications ◽

Free Enzyme ◽

High Tolerance ◽

Tween 40 ◽

Fuller’S Earth ◽

The Stability ◽

Biochemical Features

Immobilization is a method for making an enzyme more robust in the environment, especially in terms of its stability and reusability. A mutant phosphotriesterase (YT PTE) isolated from Pseudomonas dimunita has been reported to have high proficiency in hydrolyzing the Sp and Rp-enantiomers of organophosphate chromophoric analogs and therefore has great potential as a decontamination agent and biosensor. This work aims to investigate the feasibility of using Fuller’s earth (FE) as a YT PTE immobilization support and characterize its biochemical features after immobilization. The immobilized YT PTE was found to show improvement in thermal stability with a half-life of 24 h compared to that of the free enzyme, which was only 8 h. The stability of the immobilized YT PTE allowed storage for up to 4 months and reuse for up to 6 times. The immobilized YT PTE showed high tolerance against all tested metal ions, Tween 40 and 80 surfactants and inorganic solvents. These findings showed that the immobilized YT PTE became more robust for use especially with regards to its stability and reusability. These features would enhance the future applicability of this enzyme as a decontamination agent and its use in other suitable industrial applications.

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Dispersion stability and rheological characteristics of water and ethylene glycol based zinc oxide nanofluids

Thermal Science ◽

10.2298/tsci200110187q ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 187-187

Author(s):

Adnan Qamar ◽

Attique Arshad ◽

Zahid Anwar ◽

Rabia Shaukat ◽

Muhammad Amjad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Experimental Data ◽

Ethylene Glycol ◽

Industrial Applications ◽

Deionized Water ◽

Rheological Characteristics ◽

Particle Loading ◽

Viscosity Models ◽

Vis Spectroscopy ◽

Settling Speed ◽

The Stability

With advancement of nanoscience, ?nanofluids? are becoming quite popular among thermal engineers. High thermal conductivity, relatively less settling speed, and higher surface area of nanoparticles are a few key promoting properties. The last two decades have seen dramatic progress towards using nanoparticles in industrial applications. However, the stability and rheological characteristics of prepared nanofluids have serious effects on their transport characteristics, but unfortunately, this has not found proper attention from researchers. In this study, stability and rheological characteristics of ZnO nanoparticles within deionized water, ethylene glycol, and their blends have been extensively tested. Stability was observed using UV-vis spectroscopy, while the viscosity was measured with the help of a rheometer. The data was collected with 0.011-0.044 wt. % loading of nanoparticles, while experiments were conducted within 15-55oC temperature range. Better stability was recorded when nanofluids were prepared with pure ethylene glycol. Experiments showed that the viscosity increased with particle loading, whereas the effect of surfactants appeared to be insignificant. Research results were used to assess predictions of different viscosity models. Experimental data was overpredicted by Einstein, Brinkman, and Batchelor?s models.

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Machining Characteristics of EDM for Non-Conductive Ceramics Using Adherent Copper Foils

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.154-155.794 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 154-155 ◽

pp. 794-805 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Yao Jang Lin ◽

Yan Cherng Lin ◽

A Cheng Wang ◽

Der An Wang ◽

Han Ming Chow

Keyword(s):

Removal Rate ◽

Pyrolytic Carbon ◽

Industrial Applications ◽

Tool Electrode ◽

Electrode Wear ◽

Machining Parameters ◽

Machined Surface ◽

Conductive Material ◽

Conductive Ceramics ◽

The Stability

This study investigates the feasibility of EDM for processing ZrO2 and Al2O3 of non-conductive ceramics, which were covered by an assisted conductive material, an adherent copper foil, on the workpiece surface. The conductive material adhered on the surface of the non-conductive ceramics would induce a series of electrical discharges between the tool electrode and the workpiece in the initial stage of the EDM process. Thus, the pyrolytic carbon that cracked from kerosene was formed and deposited on the machined surface to maintain the progress of EDM. In this work, the essential EDM machining parameters were varied to determine the effects on material removal rate (MRR), electrode wear rate (EWR), and surface roughness. The stability of EDM progress and the surface integrities of ZrO2 and Al2O3 machined by EDM were also investigated. The aim of this study is to explore the feasibility and development of an applicable process for processing non-conductive ceramics through EDM. Moreover, the exploitation of this work can be applied to industrial applications and used to develop machining techniques for non-conductive ceramics.

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Achieving Highly Stable Removal Rate in Small Tool Polishing of Glass Lenses

JSME 2020 Conference on Leading Edge Manufacturing/Materials and Processing ◽

10.1115/lemp2020-8517 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Urara Satake ◽

Toshiyuki Enomoto ◽

Teppei Miyagawa ◽

Takuya Ohsumi

Keyword(s):

Removal Rate ◽

Industrial Applications ◽

Polishing Process ◽

The Stability ◽

Sudden Decrease ◽

Polishing Pads ◽

Glass Lenses ◽

Polishing Pressure ◽

Small Tool

Abstract The demand for improving the image quality of cameras has increased significantly, especially in industrial applications, such as broadcasting, on-vehicle, security, factory automation, and medicine. Surface of glass lenses, which is a key component of cameras, is formed and finished by polishing using small tools. However, the existing small tool polishing technologies exhibit serious problems including an unstable removal rate with the accumulated polishing time. In concrete, low removal rate at the beginning of the polishing process and sudden decrease in the removal rate during the polishing process significantly deteriorate stability of the removal rate. To improve the stability of the removal rate, we proposed a vibration-assisted polishing method using newly developed polishing pads with titanium dioxide particles in the previous work. Polishing experiments on glass lenses confirmed that the variation in the removal rate was suppressed by the developed polishing method; however, the reason for the improvement, in concrete, the relation between the vibration of polishing pressure and the stability of the removal rate remains unknown. In this study, we investigated and clarified the effect of the vibration of polishing pressure on the surface conditions of polishing pads, which strongly affected removal rate.

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