The Concept

2019 ◽  
pp. 24-73
Author(s):  
K. Seeta Prabhu ◽  
Sandhya S. Iyer
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Unique Feature ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Capabilities Approach ◽  
Human Flourishing ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Factors Influencing

This chapter explains in detail the notions of ‘functionings’ and ‘capabilities’. It discusses the multi-layered phenomena of capabilities in the form of as threshold, internal, external, and complex capabilities. It analyses how they provide valuable understanding about the conversion factors that are involved in the translation of resources to capabilities and capabilities into functionings. It critically evaluates the capabilities approach and emphasises the importance of the role of endowments and entitlements as factors influencing and contributing to human flourishing and well-being. The unique feature of the chapter is the presentation of an integrated analytical framework that traces the pathways to human development through equity, sustainability, empowerment, and productivity processes. In addition, the chapter discusses the Human Development Index (HDI) and the challenges relating to its computation.

Applicability of Human Development Index for Measuring Economic Well-being: A Study on GDP and HDI Indicators from Indian Context

2021 ◽  
pp. 001946622199862
Author(s):  
G G Sajith ◽  
K. Malathi
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Development Project ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Composite Matrix ◽  
Human Welfare ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Development Indicator ◽  
Per Capita

The tracking of gross domestic product (GDP) as a measure of well-being of the society or human-being has been debated by many researchers and economists (Elizabeth, 2007; Abhinav, 2014; Deb, 2015 ) There are many deficiencies in tracking GDP as the economic development indicator, as it does not capture the inequality or true development of Human-being. Noted economist Mehbub ul Haq’s human development project defined a composite matrix which captures the life expectancy, education and per capita indicators in one matrix. This was developed to track as a development indicator of human welfare. In the previous studies, the GDP or GDP per capita was regressed with the Human Development Index (HDI) composite index and indicated a direct correlation between the two variables. However, this article examines the contribution of the income component in the HDI index by recalculating the composite matrix. This article also qualitatively examines the ability of HDI index to measure the human development parameters. JEL Classification Codes: E01, I12, O1

scholarly journals The Role of Education in Human Development in Iraq for the Period 1980-2012

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 251
Author(s):  
Sabah Faihan Mahmood ◽  
Yassen Taha Mahmood
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Index Value ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Shed Light

      Human Development aims to   enlarge choices in front of people by improving the level of health, education, and income; this means that this process will upgrade both the economic and social development.In other words, human development aimes to raise the average of age and this requires the advancement of the health aspect, raise the level of knowledge and this requires the advancement of  the educational aspect of all kinds., and raise the standard of living, and this requires the advancement of the economic aspect by providing the necessary jobs and promote economic activities.      The study focus on the relationship between education and human development which has great importance as a mean to determine the impact of education on human development. The research seeks to achieve a set of objectives, including:        Review  the concept of human development and its basic elements, shed light on the reality of development in Iraq and follow the path of its development, and find out the role of education in influencing human development through the changes taking place in it and its impact on increase or decrease  human development index during the period of the research.       The research found set of   results, the most important were the important effect of the education index on the level of human development index represented by HDI.  Iraq had a good educational system in the eighties and nineties, reaching good education index value for the year (1990) which was (0.890), making the human development index in Iraq in the highest level and the value of the Human Development Index (0.759) in the first report issued by the United Nations in the year (1990). when the education index fall back there was negatively impact on the value of human development  index in Iraq Directory, so when the education index value became (0.721) , the value of the Human Development Index  was  (0.590) in the year 2011 . This means that the value of the human development index decrease in recent years, although of improvement in the level of health, and the average per capita GDP in Iraq, and this illustrates the significant role of education on the human development process.

scholarly journals Determinan Ketimpangan Indeks Pembangunan Manusia di Provinsi Jambi

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 227
Author(s):  
Arniwita Arniwita ◽  
Deka Veronica ◽  
Ahmad Soleh
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Hypothesis Test ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Economic Variables ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Dependent Variables

The Human Development Index (HDI) is an index to measure human achievement and is one of the indicators used in looking at people's well-being in a region. The higher the HDI value in a region, the better the level of welfare in the region. So often HDI is considered to have been able to represent the welfare level of the population, because in the HDI includes elements that include economic and noneconomic variables. Non-economic variables are measured from the level of public education and the degree of public health. While economic variables are measured from income levels indicating people's purchasing power, the three are related to each other. However, if you look at the conditions in Jambi Province, there is an interesting phenomenon where the development of the government does not or lack a real impact on the improvement of the Human Development Index (HDI), so it is necessary to do this research. The purpose of this study is to analyze the inequality, influence and relationship of the variables of the human development index which includes Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) per capita, the number of medical personnel, the number of basic health facilities, the number of poor people as well as the number of teachers in public elementary schools as dependent variables with the human development index (HDI) as dependent variables. The data analysis method used in this study is a qualitative and qualitative descriptive method of explanatory properties, using sekuder data in the period 2008-2017. The data analysis tool used in this study uses the usual Weighted Coefficient of Variation (CVw) method for the first problem, the subsequent regression of the data panel for the second problem and the person correlation for the third problem. The hypothesis test in this study shows that there is inequality in IPM-forming variables in Jambi Province, further influence and significant relationship between ipm-forming variable inequality and HDI in Jambi Province.

scholarly journals Nature's role in sustaining economic development

2010 ◽  
Vol 365 (1537) ◽  
pp. 5-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Partha Dasgupta
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Natural Capital ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
Comprehensive Wealth ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Sub Saharan

In this paper, I formalize the idea of sustainable development in terms of intergenerational well-being. I then sketch an argument that has recently been put forward formally to demonstrate that intergenerational well-being increases over time if and only if a comprehensive measure of wealth per capita increases. The measure of wealth includes not only manufactured capital, knowledge and human capital (education and health), but also natural capital (e.g. ecosystems). I show that a country's comprehensive wealth per capita can decline even while gross domestic product (GDP) per capita increases and the UN Human Development Index records an improvement. I then use some rough and ready data from the world's poorest countries and regions to show that during the period 1970–2000 wealth per capita declined in South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, even though the Human Development Index (HDI) showed an improvement everywhere and GDP per capita increased in all places (except in sub-Saharan Africa, where there was a slight decline). I conclude that, as none of the development indicators currently in use is able to reveal whether development has been, or is expected to be, sustainable, national statistical offices and international organizations should now routinely estimate the (comprehensive) wealth of nations.

scholarly journals Ecologically adjusted human development index

POPULATION ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-12
Author(s):  
Elena V. Ryumina
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Economic Research ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Ecological Index ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact

The article offeres an approach to including ecological factor in the Human Development Index (HDI). HDI is aimed at reflecting the quality of life of population, which is defined along with other important characteristics and state of environment. However, there is still no ecological living conditions of population in the formalized representation of HDI. Two directions of constructing ecologically adjusted HDI are developed: introducing ecological index to HDR, and using ecologically adjusted GDP/GRP in income index. Ecological index reflecting the state of environment in the places of residence and recreation of population is constructed on the basis of indicators of the number of air/water samples exceeding the ambient standards, as a percentage of the total number of examined samples. This indicator is presented in the annex to the statistical handbook «Environment Protection in Russia» for all regions. It is offered to modify the index of income in HDI by subtraction of the economic damage caused by pollution from income, as this part of income does not go to growth of the population welfare, but only compensates for the damage. For implementation of this approach there is no official statistics, and in the study was used the database accumulated by the author over many years of ecological-economic research. As a result, there was calculated ecologically adjusted HDI for all 85 regions in comparison with the traditional HDI. In 14 regions with the best ecological situation the HDI value grew, in the others it decreased. Some of the regions formerly leading by the HDI value lost their positions. Comparing the impact on HDI of ecological index on the one hand, and of modifications of income index on the other, showed an incomparably greater role of the introduction of ecological index.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF FACTORS OF INFLUENCE ON MORTALITY CAUSED BY COVID-19

2020 ◽  
pp. 164-173
Author(s):  
I. Bielova ◽  
I. D’yakonova ◽  
L. Taraniuk ◽  
O. Demikhov
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Average Level ◽  
Environmental Load ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

Of great importance in today's conditions is the assessment of destructive factors influencing the mortality rate of patients with COVID-19, because this analysis may be necessary to form a roadmap for governments, which aims to prevent and reduce the spread of COVID-19. The aim of the research is to analyze the factors influencing mortality caused by COVID-19, based on data from countries around the world and at the national level. Among such factors, the influence of the environmental component is highlighted. Methodology and scientific approaches: comparative analysis - in establishing the average level of indicators for groups of countries depending on the human development index HDI, as well as for key indicators to characterize the level of environmental "load" at the level of regions of Ukraine, synthesis method - economically justified analysis results average level of indicators for groups of countries depending on the human development index HDI, the method of generalization - in forming the general conclusions of the study, statistical methods (correlations and the method of averages) - in assessing the impact of factors on mortality from COVID-19. The results of the study: the article conducted a study on the analysis of factors influencing mortality caused by COVID-19. Indicators that participate in the analysis of factors influencing mortality from COVID-19 are identified. The main indicators of the standard of living and health of the population used in the world are marked. The average levels of indicators for groups of countries depending on the human development index HDI are calculated and the dependences of these indicators and their impact on the mortality rate on COVID-19 are economically substantiated. In terms of regions of Ukraine, an analysis of the impact of indicators that affect the mortality rate from COVID-19, using some components of the environmental "load". The analysis of the main indicators for the assessment of the consequences of the spread of COVID-19 is carried out and their significance at the regional level is analyzed. The possibility of using the results in further research may relate to the formation of an economic model of factors influencing mortality caused by COVID-19, which will predict different scenarios of destructive factors on mortality from COVID-19 depending on the implementation of measures to combat the spread of the disease among governments countries. The practical significance of the study is that based on the analysis of the results of the study there is the possibility of forming effective management decisions by governments to counter the spread of COVID-19 at the international and national levels. The social consequences include the social effects that result from the results of this analysis through effective health care decision-making by national governments, that may reduce the mortality rate among the population from COVID-19.

scholarly journals Geospatial Study of Human Development Index of Ukraine in the Light of Regional Indicators

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 197-206
Author(s):  
Andriy Kuzyshyn
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Individual Performance ◽  
The State ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Reliability Estimates ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Unambiguous Interpretation

The article reveals the peculiarities in the formation of comfortable life features in the regions of Ukraine based on the analysis of the components and the human development index. In particular, it reveals the essenceof the human development concept as one that enables people to develop their potential, to live productively and creatively in tune with their needs and interests. Its goal is to empower each individual in the chosen environment – country, region or specific locality. Human development involves balancing the formation of human abilities to improve their conditions of life. However, the level of regional human development will depend on the potential of the designated area. Since 2012, Ukraine has updated the method of estimating regional Human Development Index by which we can calculate the regional human development index. It includes 33 indicators grouped into six blocks in accordance with the basic aspects of human development. These are reproduction, social position, comfortable life, well-being, worthy work, and education. These indicators were selected on the basis of suitability for the annual calculation of provision available to the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, reliability estimates at the regional level under the specific issues of human development in Ukraine, unambiguous interpretation of the impact on human development, lack of high correlation between individual performance and adequacy of static and dynamic variation. According to the ratings of Human Development Index in 2012, conducted by the State Statistics Service of Ukraine and the Institute of Demography and Social Studies of M.V. Puhta, regions that constantly show high indicators of human development index are Crimea, Kharkiv, Lviv, Transcarpathian and Poltava regions. The largest group consists of regions with the average index indicator of the human development (most regions of Ukraine). Finally, the third group consists of regions with the lowest human development index (Kirovograd, Donetsk, Sumy regions). The results of calculations of regional Human Development Index can serve as a basis for identifying key issues and priorities of each region.

scholarly journals Analisis Pengaruh Jumlah Penduduk Perempuan Terhadap Indeks Pembangunan Manusia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-270
Author(s):  
Faraniena Yunaeni Risdiana
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Economic Sector ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Total Female

This study aims to determine the effect of the female population on the human development index in the province of East Java in 2017. This study uses quantitative methods with data collection techniques used are secondary data from the East Java Central Statistics Agency. From the research results it can be concluded that the total female population has almost no influence on the Human Development index. The human development index can be increased by improving the health sector, the economic sector and the education sector through the role of women, because the number of women population is almost the same as the number of men.

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