scholarly journals Reducing the impact of physical inactivity: evidence to support the case for targeting people with chronic mental and physical conditions

2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 343-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma S. Everson-Hock ◽  
Mark A. Green ◽  
Elizabeth C. Goyder ◽  
Robert J. Copeland ◽  
Simon H. Till ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Extreme Meteorological Events in a Coastal Lagoon Ecosystem: The Ria de Aveiro Lagoon (Portugal) Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 727
Author(s):  
José Fortes Lopes ◽  
Carina Lurdes Lopes ◽  
João Miguel Dias
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Coastal Lagoon ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
State Variables ◽  
Ria De Aveiro ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
The Impact

Extreme weather events (EWEs) represent meteorological hazards for coastal lagoon hydrodynamics, of which intensity and frequency are increasing over the last decades as a consequence of climate changes. The imbalances they generated should affect primarily vulnerable low-lying areas while potentially disturbing the physical balances (salt and water temperature) and, therefore, the ecosystem equilibrium. This study arises from the need to assess the impact of EWEs on the Ria de Aveiro, a lagoon situated in the Portuguese coastal area. Furthermore, it was considered that those events occur under the frame of a future sea-level rise, as predicted by several climate change scenarios. Two EWEs scenarios, a dry and an extremely wet early summer reflecting past situations and likely to occur in the future, were considered to assess the departure from the system baseline functioning. It was used as a biogeochemistry model that simulates the hydrodynamics, as well as the baseline physical and biogeochemistry state variables. The dry summer scenario, corresponding to a significant reduction in the river’s inflow, evidences a shift of the system to a situation under oceanic dominance characterized by colder and saltier water (~18 °C; 34 PSU) than the baseline while lowering the concentration of the nutrients and reducing the phytoplankton population to a low-level limit. Under a wet summer scenario, the lagoon shifted to a brackish and warmer situation (~21 °C, <15 PSU) in a time scale of some tidal periods, driven by the combining effect of the tidal transport and the river’s inflow. Phytoplankton patterns respond to variability on local and short-term scales that reflect physical conditions within the lagoon, inducing nutrient-supported growth. Overall, the results indicate that EWEs generate local and transient changes in physical conditions (namely salinity and water temperature) in response to the characteristic variability of the lagoon’s hydrodynamics associated with a tidal-dominated system. Therefore, in addition to the potential impact of changing physical conditions on the ecosystem, saline intrusion along the lagoon or the transfer of brackish water to the mouth of the system are the main consequences of EWEs, while the main biogeochemistry changes tend to remain moderate.

scholarly journals Risk factors for physical inactivity across the adult life span: the impact of depression

2006 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 274-274
Author(s):  
J Walker ◽  
H Christensen ◽  
T Windsor ◽  
A George
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Adult Life Span ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals The Impact of Risk Factors for Coronary Heart Disease on Related Disability in Older Irish Adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon M. Cruise ◽  
John Hughes ◽  
Kathleen Bennett ◽  
Anne Kouvonen ◽  
Frank Kee
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Relative Risks ◽  
Chd Risk ◽  
Health And Social Care ◽  
Chd Risk Factors ◽  
The Impact

Objective: The aim of this study is to examine the prevalence of coronary heart disease (CHD)–related disability (hereafter also “disability”) and the impact of CHD risk factors on disability in older adults in the Republic of Ireland (ROI) and Northern Ireland (NI). Method: Population attributable fractions were calculated using risk factor relative risks and disability prevalence derived from The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing and the Northern Ireland Health Survey. Results: Disability was significantly lower in ROI (4.1% vs. 8.8%). Smoking and diabetes prevalence rates, and the fraction of disability that could be attributed to smoking (ROI: 6.6%; NI: 6.1%), obesity (ROI: 13.8%; NI: 11.3%), and diabetes (ROI: 6.2%; NI: 7.2%), were comparable in both countries. Physical inactivity (31.3% vs. 54.8%) and depression (10.2% vs. 17.6%) were lower in ROI. Disability attributable to depression (ROI: 16.3%; NI: 25.2%) and physical inactivity (ROI: 27.5%; NI: 39.9%) was lower in ROI. Discussion: Country-specific similarities and differences in the prevalence of disability and associated risk factors will inform public health and social care policy in both countries.

scholarly journals Benefits of exercise in older persons at primary level

1998 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 21-24
Author(s):  
Annie Kunda ◽  
Seyi L. Amosun
Keyword(s):  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Dominant Hand ◽  
Primary Level ◽  
Department Of Health ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

The National Department of Health invited comments on proposed policy guidelines on the prevention of physical inactivity in older persons at primary level. The guidelines recommended the use of exercises which are dynamic, interesting, fun, easily implemented, safe and tailored to suit the individual needs. In order to make informed comments on the policy, the aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the recommended exercise program among older persons in a local community over a six-week period. Promoting physical activity among the participants in the study resulted in marked improvements in systolic and diastolic blood pressures, and dominant hand grip strength. The time taken to perform some selected functional tasks also improved. The findings gave credence to the need to discourage physical inactivity among older persons, but there is need to overcome formidable methodological problems in evaluating the effects of exercise intervention among older persons in the community.

scholarly journals Gut microbiome signatures of risk and prodromal markers of Parkinson’s disease

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Heinzel ◽  
Velma T. E. Aho ◽  
Ulrike Suenkel ◽  
Anna-Katharina von Thaler ◽  
Claudia Schulte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Rem Sleep Behavior Disorder ◽  
Sleep Behavior ◽  
Microbiome Composition ◽  
Β Diversity ◽  
The Impact

AbstractObjectivesAlterations of the gut microbiome in Parkinson’s disease (PD) have been repeatedly demonstrated. However, little is known about whether such alterations precede disease onset and how they may be related to risk and prodromal markers of PD. We investigated associations of these features with gut microbiome composition.MethodsEstablished risk and prodromal markers of PD as well as factors related to diet/lifestyle, bowel function and medication were studied in relation to bacterial α-/β-diversity, enterotypes, and taxonomic composition in stool samples of 666 elderly TREND study participants.ResultsAmong risk and prodromal markers, physical inactivity, constipation and age showed associations with α- and β-diversity, and for both measures subthreshold parkinsonism and physical inactivity showed interaction effects. Moreover, male sex, possible REM-sleep behavior disorder (RBD), smoking as well as body-mass-index, antidiabetic and urate-lowering medication were associated with β-diversity. Physical inactivity and constipation severity were increased in individuals with the Firmicutes-enriched enterotype. Subthreshold parkinsonism was least frequently observed in individuals with the Prevotella-enriched enterotype. Differentially abundant taxa were linked to constipation, physical inactivity, possible RBD, and subthreshold parkinsonism. Substantia nigra hyperechogenicity, olfactory loss, depression, orthostatic hypotension, urinary/erectile dysfunction, PD family history and the overall prodromal PD probability showed no significant microbiome associations.InterpretationSeveral risk and prodromal markers of PD are associated with changes in gut microbiome composition. However, the impact of the gut microbiome on PD risk and potential microbiome-dependent subtypes in the prodrome of PD need further investigation based on prospective clinical and (multi)omics data in incident PD cases.

scholarly journals PENGARUH GAYA SELF CHECK DAN CONVERGENT TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN DRIBBLING PEMAIN SEPAKBOLA SSB SANGGAR KEGIATAN BELAJAR MUARA BUNGO

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Ikhsanmaulana Putra
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Research Team ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Football Player ◽  
T Test ◽  
The Self ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Test Instrument ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
The Impact

Based on the observation of the writer it can be indicated that low level of ability of football player base of SSB SKB MuaraBungo. There are some factors caused this, such as exercise methods, physical conditions, nutritional status and infrastructure facilities. This study  aims to explain the influence of the self-inspection style and the convergent style of the dribbling ability of football. The population in this study is SSB players SKB MuaraBungo (U.13-U.15) which amounted to 75 people. The sampling technique was purposive sampling with 30 samples.Moreover, the data of dribbling soccer capability is taken by the coach and the research team. The test instrument is dribbling test. Data analysis technique using t test. The result of data analysis shows that: 1) there is impact of self-check force toward dribbling ability of player SSB SKB MuaraBungo with t test 7,132>ttable 2,145; 2) the impact of convergent style on dribbling ability of SSB players SKB MuaraBungo with t test 7,613>ttable 2,145,3 ) self-check style is more effective than convergent style to increase dribbling ability of SSB SKB player with tcount of 7,132>ttable 2,145 for self check style and ttest result 7,613>ttable 2,145 for convergent style, which means there is difference between the two styles.

scholarly journals Policy Evaluation Network (PEN): Protocol for systematic literature review examining the evidence for impact of school policies on physical activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Kevin Volf ◽  
Liam Kelly ◽  
Enrique García Bengoechea ◽  
Blathin Casey ◽  
Anna Gobis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Policy Evaluation ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Relative Reduction ◽  
Global Action ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Global Action Plan

Introduction: Over 40 million deaths annually are due to noncommunicable diseases, 15 million of these are premature deaths and physical inactivity attributes an estimated 9% to this figure. Global responses have included the sustainable development goals and the global action plan on physical activity. Both point to policy action in physical activity (PA) to address change, yet the impact of policy is unknown.  The protocol described outlines a systematic literature review that will be undertaken by the Policy Evaluation Network to address this knowledge gap. Protocol: This review of school PA policies is the first of seven planned reviews. The seven best investments for promotion of population PA identified in the Toronto Charter (whole-of-school programmes, transport policy, urban design policy, primary health care policy, public education policy, community programmes and sport programmes) will form the basis of these reviews. Seven individual scientific literature searches across six electronic databases, using key concepts of policy, PA, evaluation and a distinct concept for each area will be conducted. This will be supplemented with a search of the reference list of included articles. Methodological quality will be assessed and overall effectiveness for each included study will be described according to pre-determined categories. Conclusions: The review will provide policy makers with a list of policy statements and corresponding actions which the evidence has determined impact on PA directly or indirectly. By collating the evidence, and demonstrating the depth of the science base which informs these policy recommendations, this review will provide guidance to policymakers to use evidence-based or evidence-informed policies to achieve the 15% relative reduction in physical inactivity as defined by the ‘Global Action Plan on Physical Activity’. Registration:  PROSPERO CRD42020156630 (10/07/2020).

Abstract 17891: Impact of Physical Activity and Sedentary Time on Heart Failure Outcomes

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 132 (suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rami Doukky ◽  
Marie-France Poulin ◽  
Elizabeth Avery ◽  
Ashvarya Mangla ◽  
Zeina Ibrahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Activity Time ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: The impact of physical inactivity and sedentary time on heart failure (HF) outcomes in patients not participating in exercise program is unclear. Hypothesis: Physical inactivity and sedentary time are associated with worse HF outcomes. Methods: We analyzed data from the multicenter, HF Adherence and Retention Trial (HART) which enrolled 902 NYHA - II/III HF patients with preserved or reduced ejection fraction, followed for 36 months. Based on the mean weekly purposeful physical activity duration, patients were classified into inactive (0 min/wk), partially active (1-90 min/wk), and active (>90min/wk) groups. Patients were also classified according to average daily sedentary television (TV) time into <2 hrs/d, 2-4 hrs/d, and >4 hrs/d groups. Study groups were propensity score matched according to 33 baseline covariates in 1:1:1 ratio. The primary outcome was all-cause death. Secondary outcomes were cardiac death and HF hospitalization. Results: There were 196 inactive, 341 partially active and 365 active patients, of whom 492 (164 in each group) were successfully propensity matched. Physical inactivity was associated with higher risk of death and cardiac death than any level of physical activity, Fig 1. There was no significant difference in HF hospitalization. Furthermore, 465 subjects were propensity matched into three sedentary TV time groups (155 in each group). Sedentary TV time >4 hrs/d was independently and incrementally associated with all-cause death (Δ χ 2 = 6.05; P=0.049), beyond physical activity time, Fig 1. There was no significant difference in mortality between <2 and 2-4 hrs/d sedentary TV time groups, after adjusting to physical activity time, Fig 2. Conclusions: In symptomatic chronic HF patients, physical inactivity is associated with higher all-cause and cardiac mortality. Modest purposeful physical activity was associated with survival benefit. Extended sedentary time was associated incremental increased mortality.

Self-Management of Arthritis

2017 ◽  
pp. 171-196
Author(s):  
Jessica M. Brooks ◽  
Kanako Iwanaga ◽  
Fong Chan
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
The United States ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Counseling Services ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

Arthritis is ranked among the top causes of disability in the United States and worldwide. Despite recent improvements in medications and medical treatment, there is no known cure for arthritis. Providing evidence-based psychoeducation and counseling services to people with arthritis lessens the impact of pain-related symptoms and disability on the individual and society. The purpose of this chapter is to provide an overview of the most common arthritic conditions, co-occurring physical conditions, and psychosocial factors associated with arthritis. Barriers to self-management and existing self-management programs are also discussed along with the current state of scientific evidence. The chapter concludes with some questions for future research.

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