scholarly journals The Role of Pest Control Advisers in Preventative Management of Grapevine Trunk Diseases

2016 ◽  
Vol 106 (4) ◽  
pp. 339-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vicken Hillis ◽  
Mark Lubell ◽  
Jonathan Kaplan ◽  
David Doll ◽  
Kendra Baumgartner
Keyword(s):  
Pest Control ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Grapevine Trunk Diseases ◽  
Eutypa Dieback ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Botryosphaeria Dieback ◽  
Cost Efficacy ◽  
Trunk Diseases

Vineyards with trunk diseases (Botryosphaeria dieback, Esca, Eutypa dieback, and Phomopsis dieback) can have negative returns in the long run. Minimizing economic impacts depends on effective management, but adopting a preventative practice after infection occurs may not improve yields. Pest control advisers may reduce grower uncertainty about the efficacy of and need for prevention, which often entails future and unobservable benefits. Here, we surveyed advisers in California to examine their influence over grower decision-making, in the context of trunk diseases, which significantly limit grape production and for which curative practices are unavailable. Our online survey revealed adviser awareness of high disease incidence, and reduced yields and vineyard lifespan. Advisers rated both preventative and postinfection practices positively. Despite higher cost estimates given to postinfection practices, advisers did not recommend preventative practices at higher rates. High recommendation rates were instead correlated with high disease incidence for both preventative and postinfection practices. Recommendation rates declined with increasing cost for preventative, but not for postinfection, practices. Our findings suggest that even when advisers acknowledge the risks of trunk diseases, they may not recommend preventative practices before infection occurs. This underscores the importance of clear outreach, emphasizing both the need for prevention and its long-term cost efficacy.

scholarly journals Ecology and management of grapevine trunk diseases in New Zealand a review

2010 ◽  
Vol 63 ◽  
pp. 160-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.C. Mundy ◽  
M.A. Manning
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Petri Disease ◽  
Grapevine Trunk Diseases ◽  
Eutypa Dieback ◽  
Botryosphaeria Dieback ◽  
Trunk Diseases

Grapevine trunk diseases threaten the longevity of vineyard production in New Zealand This paper provides a summary of the knowledge of the most common fungal grapevine trunk diseases as well as identifying gaps that require further research Current knowledge of symptoms causal organisms etiology and disease control of botryosphaeria dieback esca eutypa dieback and Petri disease are discussed Additional information about how these diseases may be influenced by different vineyard practices common in New Zealand viticulture is provided

scholarly journals Grapevine Trunk Diseases: A Review of Fifteen Years of Trials for Their Control with Chemicals and Biocontrol Agents

Plant Disease ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 102 (7) ◽  
pp. 1189-1217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Mondello ◽  
Aurélie Songy ◽  
Enrico Battiston ◽  
Catia Pinto ◽  
Cindy Coppin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biocontrol Agents ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Active Ingredients ◽  
Grapevine Trunk Diseases ◽  
Eutypa Dieback ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Efficient Control ◽  
Botryosphaeria Dieback ◽  
Trunk Diseases ◽  
The Impact

Grapevine trunk diseases (GTDs) represent one of the most important problems for viticulture worldwide. Beyond the original causes of this outbreak in some countries like France, the lack of efficient control protocols and the prohibition of using active ingredients such as sodium arsenite and benzimidazoles, until recently used to reduce the impact of some GTDs but deleterious for humans and the environment, have probably worsened the impact of the diseases, leading to increasing economic losses. Since 1990, searches have been made to find efficient tools to control GTDs, testing a wide range of active ingredients and biocontrol agents. This review provides readers with an overview of the results reported in the scientific literature over the last 15 years. In particular, the review focuses on the trials carried out applying chemicals or microorganisms to control Esca complex diseases, Botryosphaeria dieback, and Eutypa dieback, the most widespread GTDs.

scholarly journals Combining an HA + Cu (II) Site-Targeted Copper-Based Product with a Pruning Wound Protection Program to Prevent Infection with Lasiodiplodia spp. in Grapevine

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2376
Author(s):  
Pedro Reis ◽  
Ana Gaspar ◽  
Artur Alves ◽  
Florence Fontaine ◽  
Cecília Rego
Keyword(s):  
Grapevine Trunk Diseases ◽  
Pruning Wound ◽  
Wound Protection ◽  
Protection Strategies ◽  
Botryosphaeria Dieback ◽  
Trunk Diseases ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Fungistatic Effect

The genus Lasiodiplodia has been reported from several grape growing regions and is considered as one of the fastest wood colonizers, causing Botryosphaeria dieback. The aim of this study was to (i) evaluate the efficacy of Esquive®, a biocontrol agent, on vineyard pruning wound protection, applied single or, in a combined protection strategy with a new site-targeted copper-based treatment (LC2017), and (ii) compare their efficacy with chemical protection provided by the commercially available product, Tessior®. For two seasons, protectants were applied onto pruning wounds, while LC2017 was applied throughout the season according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Pruning wounds of two different cultivars were inoculated with three isolates of Lasiodiplodia spp. Efficacy of the wound protectants, varied between both years of the assay and according to the cultivar studied but were able to control the pathogen to some extent. The application of LC2017 did not show clear evidence of improving the control obtained by the sole application of the other products tested. Nevertheless, LC2017 showed a fungistatic effect against Lasiodiplodia spp., in vitro, and has previously shown an elicitor effect against grapevine trunk diseases. Therefore, this combination of two protection strategies may constitute a promising long-term approach to mitigate the impact of Botryosphaeria dieback.

scholarly journals Production of Phytotoxic Metabolites by Botryosphaeriaceae in Naturally Infected and Artificially Inoculated Grapevines

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 802
Author(s):  
Pierluigi Reveglia ◽  
Regina Billones-Baaijens ◽  
Jennifer Millera Millera Niem ◽  
Marco Masi ◽  
Alessio Cimmino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Protocatechuic Acid ◽  
Physiological Factors ◽  
Diplodia Seriata ◽  
Grapevine Trunk Diseases ◽  
Botryosphaeria Dieback ◽  
Trunk Diseases ◽  
One Year ◽  
Pathogen Dna

Grapevine trunk diseases (GTDs) are considered a serious problem to viticulture worldwide. Several GTD fungal pathogens produce phytotoxic metabolites (PMs) that were hypothesized to migrate to the foliage where they cause distinct symptoms. The role of PMs in the expression of Botryosphaeria dieback (BD) symptoms in naturally infected and artificially inoculated wood using molecular and analytical chemistry techniques was investigated. Wood samples from field vines naturally infected with BD and one-year-old vines inoculated with Diplodia seriata, Spencermartinsia viticola and Dothiorella vidmadera were analysed by cultural isolations, quantitative PCR (qPCR) and targeted LC-MS/MS to detect three PMs: (R)-mellein, protocatechuic acid and spencertoxin. (R)-mellein was detected in symptomatic naturally infected wood and vines artificially inoculated with D. seriata but was absent in all non-symptomatic wood. The amount of (R)-mellein detected was correlated with the amount of pathogen DNA detected by qPCR. Protocatechuic acid and spencertoxin were absent in all inoculated wood samples. (R)-mellein may be produced by the pathogen during infection to break down the wood, however it was not translocated into other parts of the vine. The foliar symptoms previously reported in vineyards may be due to a combination of PMs produced and climatic and physiological factors that require further investigation.

Changes in global and relationship-specific attachment working models

2022 ◽  
pp. 026540752110514
Author(s):  
Keely A. Dugan ◽  
R. Chris Fraley ◽  
Omri Gillath ◽  
Pascal R. Deboeck
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Romantic Partners ◽  
Latent Growth ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Working Models ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Curve Modeling ◽  
Median Test ◽  
As Relationship

Attachment theorists suggest that people construct a number of distinct working models throughout life. People develop global working models, which reflect their expectations and beliefs concerning relationships in general, as well as relationship-specific working models of close others—their mothers, fathers, romantic partners, and friends. The present research investigated the interplay of these different working models over time. We analyzed longitudinal data collected from 4,904 adults (mean age = 35.24 years; SD = 11.63) who completed between 3 and 24 online survey assessments (median test–retest interval = 35 days). Using latent growth curve modeling, we examined the associations among both long-term changes and short-term fluctuations in participants’ working models. Our findings suggest that different working models not only change together over the long run, but also exhibit co-occurring, short-term fluctuations. This was true concerning the associations between global and relationship-specific models as well as among different relationship-specific models.

scholarly journals Preventative Disease Management and Grower Decision Making: A Case Study of California Wine-Grape Growers

2017 ◽  
Vol 107 (6) ◽  
pp. 704-710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vicken Hillis ◽  
Mark Lubell ◽  
Jonathan Kaplan ◽  
Kendra Baumgartner
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Disease Management ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Wine Grape ◽  
Pruning Wound ◽  
Eutypa Dieback ◽  
Botryosphaeria Dieback ◽  
Farmer Decision Making

Preventative disease management is challenging to farmers because it requires paying immediate costs in the hopes of returning uncertain future benefits. Understanding farmer decision making about prevention has the potential to reduce disease incidence and minimize the need for more costly postinfection practices. For example, the grapevine trunk-disease complex (esca, Botryosphaeria dieback, Eutypa dieback, and Phomopsis dieback) significantly affects vineyard productivity and longevity. Given the chronic nature of the infections and inability to eradicate the fungal pathogens, the preventative practices of delayed pruning, applications of pruning-wound protectants, and double pruning (also known as prepruning) are the most effective means of management. We surveyed wine-grape growers in six regions of California on their use of these three practices. In spite of acknowledging the yield impacts of trunk diseases, a substantial number of respondents either choose not to use preventative practices or incorrectly adopted them in mature vineyards, too late in the disease cycle to be effective. Growers with more negative perceptions of cost efficacy were less likely to adopt preventative practices or were more likely to time adoption incorrectly in mature vineyards. In general, preventative management may require strong intervention in the form of policy or extension to motivate behavioral change.

scholarly journals Current knowledge on Grapevine Trunk Diseases with complex etiology: a systemic approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-53
Author(s):  
Marion CLAVERIE ◽  
Martin NOTARO ◽  
Florence FONTAINE ◽  
Jacques WERY
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Symptom Expression ◽  
Grapevine Trunk Diseases ◽  
Foliar Symptoms ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Foliar Symptom ◽  
Botryosphaeria Dieback ◽  
Trunk Diseases

Among all causes of grapevine decline, Grapevine Trunk Diseases (GTDs) are major concerns for grape growers. This paper reviews knowledge and proposes hypotheses on two major GTDs, esca and Botryosphaeria dieback, and assembles a conceptual model. The objective was to collect information into a sequence, from grapevine nursery propagation processes, through foliar symptom expression, to plant death in mature vineyards. Pathogen infection and colonization steps in woody vine tissues, and the hypotheses that have been formulated to explain the outburst of foliar symptoms, are reported and discussed. Factors that could aggravate or repress GTD symptoms and incidence expansion are also addressed. Vine physiology and pathology together could expand understanding of these diseases. Knowledge and hypotheses that need validation are summarized, and a conceptual model is proposed to explain the occurrence of symptoms and the influencing factors. The model could be useful to cope with the complexity of GTDs, and as a starting point for research to unravel knowledge gaps and suggest new disease management strategies.

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Identification of Long Non-coding RNAs Responsive to Lasiodiplodia theobromae Infection in Grapevine

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 117693431984136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qikai Xing ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Mei Liu ◽  
Lingxian Li ◽  
Xinghong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Processes ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Lasiodiplodia Theobromae ◽  
Rna Molecules ◽  
Grapevine Trunk Diseases ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Botryosphaeria Dieback ◽  
Trunk Diseases ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Insight Into

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) refer to a class of RNA molecules that are longer than 200 nucleotides and do not encode proteins. Numerous lncRNAs have recently emerged as important regulators of many biological processes in animals and plants, including responses to environmental stress and pathogens. Botryosphaeria dieback is one of the more severe grapevine trunk diseases worldwide. However, how lncRNAs function during Botryosphaeriaceae infection is largely unknown. We performed high-throughput RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) of susceptible and more tolerant grapevine cultivars infected with Lasiodiplodia theobromae. Overall, we predicted 1826 novel candidate lncRNAs, including long intergenic non-coding RNAs (lincRNAs) and natural antisense transcripts (lncNATs). The data reveal the functions of a set of lncRNAs that were differentially expressed between the resistant cultivar Merlot and the susceptible cultivar Cabernet Franc. Several lncRNAs were predicted to be precursors for grape microRNAs involved in the L theobromae infection. These results provide new insight into the lncRNAs of grapevine that are involved in the response to L theobromae infection.

scholarly journals Long-Term Benefits of Protecting Table Grape Vineyards against Trunk Diseases in the California Desert

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1895
Author(s):  
Carmen Gispert ◽  
Jonathan D. Kaplan ◽  
Elizabeth Deyett ◽  
Philippe E. Rolshausen
Keyword(s):  
Economic Benefit ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Table Grape ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Grapevine Trunk Diseases ◽  
Trunk Diseases ◽  
Marketable Fruit

Grapevine trunk diseases (GTD) are caused by several fungal species and are major limiting factors to vineyard productivity and profitability in all viticulture areas. This study is aimed at addressing the gap in the knowledge with regards to measuring the long-term benefits of post-pruning fungicide application on trunk diseases incidence and crop yield in grape production systems. It also calculated the net economic benefit of implementing such practice over the vineyard lifespan. We selected a newly planted commercial table grape vineyard in the California desert and divided it in two blocks. In one block, the registered fungicide thiophanate-methyl was mechanically applied on pruning wounds for six consecutive years, while the other half remained untreated. Our results showed a significant lower GTD incidence and vine replants in treated blocks combined with a significant increase of total and marketable fruit. Potential annual economic benefits of applying fungicide on pruning wounds appear to be in the range of $8500–$12,500 per hectare annually in a 50–75% disease control scenario.

scholarly journals Wood Metabolomic Responses of Wild and Cultivated Grapevine to Infection with Neofusicoccum parvum, a Trunk Disease Pathogen

Metabolites ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clément Labois ◽  
Kim Wilhelm ◽  
Hélène Laloue ◽  
Céline Tarnus ◽  
Christophe Bertsch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Strong Increase ◽  
Primary Metabolism ◽  
Alcohol Content ◽  
Neofusicoccum Parvum ◽  
Specialized Metabolites ◽  
Grapevine Trunk Diseases ◽  
Botryosphaeria Dieback ◽  
Trunk Diseases ◽  
Resveratrol Oligomer

Grapevine trunk diseases (GTDs), which are associated with complex of xylem-inhabiting fungi, represent one of the major threats to vineyard sustainability currently. Botryosphaeria dieback, one of the major GTDs, is associated with wood colonization by Botryosphaeriaceae fungi, especially Neofusicoccum parvum. We used GC-MS and HPLC-MS to compare the wood metabolomic responses of the susceptible Vitis vinifera subsp. vinifera (V. v. subsp. vinifera) and the tolerant Vitis vinifera subsp. sylvestris (V. v. subsp. sylvestris) after artificial inoculation with Neofusicoccum parvum (N. parvum). N. parvum inoculation triggered major changes in both primary and specialized metabolites in the wood. In both subspecies, infection resulted in a strong decrease in sugars (fructose, glucose, sucrose), whereas sugar alcohol content (mannitol and arabitol) was enhanced. Concerning amino acids, N. parvum early infection triggered a decrease in aspartic acid, serine, and asparagine, and a strong increase in alanine and β-alanine. A trend for more intense primary metabolism alteration was observed in V. v. subsp. sylvestris compared to V. v. subsp. vinifera. N. parvum infection also triggered major changes in stilbene and flavonoid compounds. The content in resveratrol and several resveratrol oligomers increased in the wood of both subspecies after infection. Interestingly, we found a higher induction of resveratrol oligomer (putative E-miyabenol C, vitisin C, hopeaphenol, ampelopsin C) contents after wood inoculation in V. v. subsp. sylvestris.

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