scholarly journals Genome Sequence of the Fungus Trichoderma asperellum SM-12F1 revealing candidate Functions of Growth Promotion, Biocontrol, and Bioremediation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lijuan Li ◽  
Xibai Zeng ◽  
Jie-Yin Chen ◽  
Jian Tian ◽  
Jinqun Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Genomic Sequence ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Genome Data ◽  
Biocontrol Activity ◽  
Promote Plant Growth ◽  
Genomic Basis ◽  
High Quality Genome

Trichoderma spp. are versatile probiotic fungi that are known to promote plant growth and disease resistance under biotic stress, abiotic stress, or both. They are often used to prevent plant diseases caused by pathogens and act as bio-fertilizers and are used in mycoremediation. In our previous study, T. asperellum strain SM-12F1 was isolated from soils contaminated with arsenic (As), adjacent to a realgar mine. SM-12F1 promoted plant growth and was useful for biocontrol and bioremediation. However, the genomic sequence of this strain was not characterized. This study aimed to generate high-quality genome resources for T. asperellum SM-12F1, and to determine the genomic basis of mechanisms behind plant growth promotion, biocontrol, and bioremediation of As in soil. Genome data of this fungus will provide perspectives on the molecular basis underlying biocontrol activity and mycoremediation.

scholarly journals Isolation and selection of plant growth-promoting bacteria associated with sugarcane

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariana Alves Rodrigues ◽  
Marcus Vinicius Forzani ◽  
Renan de Souza Soares ◽  
Sergio Tadeu Sibov ◽  
José Daniel Gonçalves Vieira
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stress ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizers ◽  
Chitinase A ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Promote Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Promoting

ABSTRACT Microorganisms play a vital role in maintaining soil fertility and plant health. They can act as biofertilizers and increase the resistance to biotic and abiotic stress. This study aimed at isolating and characterizing plant growth-promoting bacteria associated with sugarcane, as well as assessing their ability to promote plant growth. Endophytic bacteria from leaf, stem, root and rhizosphere were isolated from the RB 867515 commercial sugarcane variety and screened for indole acetic acid (IAA) production, ability to solubilize phosphate, fix nitrogen and produce hydrogen cyanide (HCN), ammonia and the enzymes pectinase, cellulase and chitinase. A total of 136 bacteria were isolated, with 83 of them presenting some plant growth mechanism: 47 % phosphate solubilizers, 26 % nitrogen fixers and 57 % producing IAA, 0.7 % HCN and chitinase, 45 % ammonia, 30 % cellulose and 8 % pectinase. The seven best isolates were tested for their ability to promote plant growth in maize. The isolates tested for plant growth promotion belong to the Enterobacteriaceae family and the Klebsiella, Enterobacter and Pantoea genera. Five isolates promoted plant growth in greenhouse experiments, showing potential as biofertilizers.

scholarly journals Actinomycetes, promising tools to control plant diseases and to promote plant growth

2005 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 85-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.L. Doumbou ◽  
M.K. Hamby Salove ◽  
D.L. Crawford ◽  
C. Beaulieu
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Soil Microbial Biomass ◽  
Extracellular Enzymes ◽  
Control Plant ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Promote Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Promoting

Actinomycetes represent a high proportion of the soil microbial biomass and have the capacity to produce a wide variety of antibiotics and of extracellular enzymes. Several strains of actinomycetes have been found to protect plants against plant diseases. This review focuses on the potential of actinomycetes as (a) source of agroactive compounds, (b) plant growth promoting organisms, and (c) biocontrol tools of plant diseases. This review also addresses examples of biological control of fungal and bacterial plant pathogens by actinomycetes species which have already reached the market or are likely to be exploited commercially within the next few years.

scholarly journals Elevation of Systemic Defense in Potato Against Alternaria Solani by a Consortium of Compatible Trichoderma Spp.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumit Kumar ◽  
Ram Chandra ◽  
Lopamudra Behera ◽  
Chetan Keswani ◽  
Estibaliz Sansinenea
Keyword(s):  
Defense Response ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Alternaria Solani ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Total Protein Content ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Potato Plants

Abstract The crop loss due to phytopathogens is a serious problem affecting the entire world. To avoid economic losses due to phytopathogens synthetic chemicals have been used for years generating serious concerns about the human health and environment. Today the use of beneficial microorganisms to treat phytopathogens is gaining attention. In this way, Trichoderma spp. has been used for combating plant diseases and inducing defense response in plants. With this idea in mind, in this study we evaluate the effectiveness of Trichoderma viride and T. harzianum as single as well as in combination for elevating the defense response and growth promotion activities in potato challenged with Alternaria solani. The mycelial inhibition of A. solani by T. viride and T. harzianum was recorded and compared with control. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation revealed the collapsed hyphae and sunken conidia of A. solani due to antagonistic activity of T. viride and T. harzianum. Induction of defense enzymes including TPC, PAL, SOD and total protein content was increased in Trichoderma spp, treated plants as compared with pathogen inoculated plants. HPLC analysis demonstrated higher production in phenolic compounds during combined application of Trichoderma spp. treated potato plants in the response of A. solani infection. Moreover, treatment with Trichoderma spp. consortium showed significant growth promotion in potato plants comparing with the control.

scholarly journals Bacterial Formulations in Induction of Resistance and Growth Promotion of Tomato Plants

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 493
Author(s):  
José R. M. Campos Neto ◽  
Rafael Ribeiro Chaves ◽  
Diogo Herison Silva Sardinha ◽  
Luiz Gustavo de Lima Melo ◽  
Antônia Alice Costa Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Systemic Resistance ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Vigor Index ◽  
Promote Plant Growth ◽  
Induction Of Resistance

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effectiveness of seed treatment with fresh suspensions and powder formulations with Bacillus methylotrophicus to promote plant growth and induction of resistance against fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici) in tomato plants under greenhouse conditions, verifying the occurrence of morphological and biochemical changes in the evaluated plants. Powder formulations based on Cassava (Manihot esculenta), Arrowroot (Maranta arundinacea) and sodium alginate containing Bacillus, in addition to the commercial product Quartz®, were used to microbiolize the tomato seeds of the cultivar Santa Cruz. The formulations promoted plant growth, with a seedling vigor index greater than 50% for all treatments containing B. mthylotrophicus, in addition to a significant increase in total dry matter. The treatments induced systemic resistance, controlling the fusarium wilt with a 75% reduction of the disease and activation of enzymes such as peroxidase and polyphenoloxidase, only β-1,3-glucanase presented less activity than controls (treatments without B. mthylotrophicus). Thus, the use of formulations containing Bacillus are efficient in promoting plant growth of tomato plants and in inducing resistance to the control of fusarium wilt.

scholarly journals Effects of Talaromyces purpureogenus on Cucumber Growth Promotion and Its Mechanism

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhao L ◽  
◽  
Zhao W ◽  
Deng H ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Promoting Effect ◽  
Iaa Production ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Application Potential ◽  
Promote Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Promoting

Some fungi may promote plant growth by production of siderophores, Indole Acetic Acid (IAA) and phosphorus dissolving capability. In this study, eight fungi were isolated from the mushroom substrate, and their siderophores production, IAA production and phosphorus dissolving traits were determined. Although there was no significant difference in IAA production among the eight fungi, but the strain M13026-2 was a fungus with strong growth promoting traits compared with other seven fungi. In order to study the correlation between the growth promoting effect of cucumber pot culture and the above three traits, five fungi with different strength of traits were tested in pot. As a result, M13026- 2 which was identified as Talaromyces purpureogenus could significantly improve the growth parameters of cucumber seedlings, and could colonize in the rhizosphere soil and the tissue of cucumber stably. All the results suggested that the most relevant to their ability to promote plant growth is the trait of phosphorus dissolving, followed by siderophores production. The results of this study will provide scientific basis for the efficient selection and identification of a large number of fungi resources with the function of promoting plant growth, and reveal the good application potential of T. purpureogenus in agriculture fields.

scholarly journals Plant Growth Promoting Abilities of Novel Burkholderia-Related Genera and Their Interactions With Some Economically Important Tree Species

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Munusamy Madhaiyan ◽  
Govindan Selvakumar ◽  
Tan HianHwee Alex ◽  
Lin Cai ◽  
Lianghui Ji
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Nitrogenase Activity ◽  
Acc Deaminase ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Pgp Traits ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Promote Plant Growth

A survey of bacterial endophytes associated with the leaves of oil palm and acacias resulted in the isolation of 19 bacterial strains belonging to the genera Paraburkholderia, Caballeronia, and Chitinasiproducens, which are now regarded as distinctively different from the parent genus Burkholderia. Most strains possessed one or more plant growth promotion (PGP) traits although nitrogenase activity was present in only a subset of the isolates. The diazotrophic Paraburkholderia tropica strain S39-2 with multiple PGP traits and the non-diazotrophic Chitinasiproducens palmae strain JS23T with a significant level of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase activity were selected to investigate the influence of bacterial inoculation on some economically important tree species. Microscopic examination revealed that P. tropica S39-2 was rhizospheric as well as endophytic while C. palmae JS23T was endophytic. P. tropica strain S39-2 significantly promoted the growth of oil palm, eucalyptus, and Jatropha curcas. Interestingly, the non-diazotrophic, non-auxin producing C. palmae JS23T strain also significantly promoted the growth of oil palm and eucalyptus although it showed negligible effect on J. curcas. Our results suggest that strains belonging to the novel Burkholderia-related genera widely promote plant growth via both N-independent and N-dependent mechanisms. Our results also suggest that the induction of defense response may prevent the colonization of an endophyte in plants.

scholarly journals Phenotype Switching in Metal-Tolerant Bacteria Isolated from a Hyperaccumulator Plant

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 879
Author(s):  
Artur Banach ◽  
Agnieszka Kuźniar ◽  
Anna Marzec-Grządziel ◽  
Anna Gałązka ◽  
Agnieszka Wolińska
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Dual Function ◽  
Azolla Filiculoides ◽  
Auxin Production ◽  
Promote Plant Growth ◽  
Achromobacter Sp ◽  
Metal Tolerant Bacteria

As an adaptation to unfavorable conditions, microorganisms may represent different phenotypes. Azolla filiculoides L. is a hyperaccumulator of pollutants, but the functions of its microbiome have not been well recognized to date. We aimed to reveal the potential of the microbiome for degradation of organic compounds, as well as its potential to promote plant growth in the presence of heavy metals. We applied the BiologTM Phenotypic Microarrays platform to study the potential of the microbiome for the degradation of 96 carbon compounds and stress factors and assayed the hydrolytic potential and auxin production by the microorganisms in the presence of Pb, Cd, Cr (VI), Ni, Ag, and Au. We found various phenotype changes depending on the stress factor, suggesting a possible dual function of the studied microorganisms, i.e., in bioremediation and as a biofertilizer for plant growth promotion. Delftia sp., Staphylococcus sp. and Microbacterium sp. exhibited high efficacy in metabolizing organic compounds. Delftia sp., Achromobacter sp. and Agrobacterium sp. were efficient in enzymatic responses and were characterized by metal tolerant. Since each strain exhibited individual phenotype changes due to the studied stresses, they may all be beneficial as both biofertilizers and bioremediation agents, especially when combined in one biopreparation.

Promotion of plant growth and inhibition of enzymic degradation of indole-3-acetic acid by metabolites of carbofuran, a carbamate insecticide

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 574-579 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. T. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Inhibitory Action ◽  
Critical Level ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Stem Segment ◽  
Stem Tissue ◽  
Carbamate Insecticide ◽  
Promote Plant Growth ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

The carbamate insecticide carbofuran (2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuranyl-7-N-methyl carbamate) and three of its metabolites (7-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran (III), 3,7-dihydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran (IV), and 3-keto-7-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran (V)) stimulated growth in the pea stem segment assay in the presence, but not absence, of a low concentration of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). The metabolites were more active than carbofuran itself. The synergistic effect on growth was specific with IAA since it was not observed in the presence of other auxins.Metabolites III, IV, and V and, to a lesser degree, carbofuran were found to be inhibitory to IAA degradation catalyzed by pea stem tissue or purified horseradish peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.7). Comparison of the relative activities of the compounds in the inhibition of IAA degradation and in the promotion of plant growth suggests a causal relationship. The implication is that carbofuran may promote plant growth through the inhibitory action of its metabolites on enzymic breakdown of IAA, thus preserving a critical level of IAA required for growth promotion.

scholarly journals Quantifying Plant-Borne Carbon Assimilation by Root-Associating Bacteria

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Spenser Waller ◽  
Stacy L. Wilder ◽  
Michael J. Schueller ◽  
Alexandra B. Housh ◽  
Richard A. Ferrieri
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Carbon Assimilation ◽  
Microbial Colonization ◽  
Fluorescence Measurement ◽  
Grass Root ◽  
Promote Plant Growth ◽  
The One ◽  
Green Fluorescent

Herbaspirillum seropedicae is a rhizobacteria that occupies a specialized ecological niche in agriculture. As an endophyte and prolific grass root colonizer it has the potential to promote plant growth, enhancing crop yield in many cereal crops. While the mechanisms for plant growth promotion are controversial, the one irrefutable fact is these microorganisms rely heavily on plant-borne carbon as their main energy source in support of their biological functions. Unfortunately, the tools and technology enabling researchers to trace carbon exchange between plants and the microorganisms associating with them has been limiting. Here, we demonstrate that radioactive 11CO2 administered to intact maize leaves with translocation of 11C-photosynthates to roots can provide a ‘traceable’ source of carbon whose assimilation by microbial organisms can be quantified with enormous sensitivity. Fluorescence root imaging of RAM10, a green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporting strain of H. seropedicae, was used to identify regions of high microbial colonization. Microbes were mechanically removed from these regions via sonication in saline solution and extracts were subjected to fluorescence measurement and gamma counting to correlate carbon-11 atoms with numbers of colony forming units. The method has potential to translate to other microorganisms provided they possess an optical reporting trait.

scholarly journals Compost Inoculated with Fungi from a Mangrove Habitat Improved the Growth and Disease Defense of Vegetable Plants

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 124
Author(s):  
Fuad Ameen ◽  
Ali A. Al-Homaidan
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Promotion ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
C:N Ratio ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Mangrove Fungi ◽  
Disease Defense

Municipal organic wastes could be exploited as fertilizers, having been given the ability to suppress plant diseases by the inoculation of the waste with certain fungi in the composting process. Our aim was to develop a novel fertilizer using composting in combination with fungi associated with mangrove forests. Nine fungal species were isolated from a mangrove forest habitat and screened for their activity against five phytopathogenic fungi, their plant-growth promotion ability, and their phosphate solubilization ability. Two fungal isolates, Penicillium vinaceum and Eupenicillium hirayama, were inoculated into organic waste before the composting experiment. After 90 days, the physico-chemical properties of the compost (color, moisture, pH, C:N ratio and cation exchange capacity (CEC)) indicated the maturity of the compost. The C:N ratio decreased and the CEC value increased most in the compost with the inoculum of both mangrove fungi. The vegetable plants grown in the mangrove fungi-inoculated composts had a higher vigor index than those grown in the control compost. The seeds collected from the plants grown in the fungi-inoculated composts had higher disease defense ability than the seeds collected from the control compost. The results indicated that the properties of the fungi shown in vitro (antagonistic and plant-growth promotion) remained in the mature compost. The seeds of the plants acquired disease defense ability, which is a remarkable observation that is useful in sustainable agriculture.

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