scholarly journals Associations of ‘Relative corticosterone deficiency’ with genetic variation in CYP17A1 and metabolic syndrome features

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott D Mackenzie ◽  
Andrew A Crawford ◽  
Daniel Ackermann ◽  
Katharina E Schraut ◽  
Caroline Hayward ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Hydroxylase Activity ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Common Genetic Variants ◽  
Dexamethasone Suppression

ABSTRACTContext and objectiveCommon genetic variants in CYP17A1 associate with higher blood pressure, putatively from impaired 17α-hydroxylase activity and mineralocorticoid excess. However, the same variants protect against obesity and insulin resistance. We tested whether CYP17A1 variants that enhance 17α-hydroxylase activity cause ‘relative corticosterone deficiency’. Since corticosterone is thought to contribute disproportionately to negative feedback in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, we also tested whether lower corticosterone associates with higher cortisol and hence with metabolic syndrome.DesignCross-sectional studies within the population-based Orkney Complex Disease Study (ORCADES; n=2018), VIKING Health Study Shetland (VIKING; n=2098), East Hertfordshire study (EHERTS; n=279), Edinburgh Type 2 Diabetes Study (ET2DS; n=903), and the Swiss Kidney Project on Genes in Hypertension (SKIPOGH; n=888).Outcome measuresCortisol and corticosterone in morning plasma samples in ORCADES, VIKING and ET2DS, and in EHERTS in plasma following overnight dexamethasone suppression (0.25mg) and 30 mins after ACTH1-24 (1µg); cortisol and corticosterone metabolites in day and night urine samples in SKIPOGH. Features of the metabolic syndrome including body mass index, systolic blood pressure, lipid profile, fasting glucose, fasting insulin and HOMA-IR.ResultsIn ORCADES, ET2DS and SKIPOGH, CYP17A1 variants were associated with corticosterone:cortisol ratio. In ORCADES, VIKING and ET2DS there were consistent associations of morning plasma cortisol and corticosterone with BMI, blood pressure, lipid profile, fasting glucose and HOMA-IR. In EHERTS, however, after dexamethasone suppression and ACTH1-24 stimulation, impaired glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity were associated with higher cortisol but lower corticosterone. Similarly, in SKIPOGH, low corticosterone:cortisol metabolite ratios were associated with high BMI and dyslipidemia.Conclusions‘Relative corticosterone deficiency’, due to a primary alteration in adrenal steroidogenesis favouring cortisol over corticosterone, may mediate the associations of genetic variation in CYP17A1 with metabolic syndrome. However, additional determinants of variation in plasma corticosterone are likely to explain its generally positive associations with features of metabolic syndrome.

scholarly journals High TSH Level within Normal Range Is Associated with Obesity, Dyslipidemia, Hypertension, Inflammation, Hypercoagulability, and the Metabolic Syndrome: A Novel Cardiometabolic Marker

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Cheng Chang ◽  
Shih-Che Hua ◽  
Chia-Hsuin Chang ◽  
Wei-Yi Kao ◽  
Hsiao-Lin Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

(1) Background: Overt and subclinical hypothyroidism has been associated with increased cardiometabolic risks. Here we further explore whether thyroid function within normal range is associated with cardiometabolic risk factors in a large population-based study. (2) Methods: We screened 24,765 adults participating in health examinations in Taiwan. Participants were grouped according to high-sensitive thyroid-stimulating hormone (hsTSH) level as: <50th percentile (0.47–1.48 mIU/L, the reference group), 50–60th percentile (1.49–1.68 mIU/L), 60–70th percentile (1.69–1.94 mIU/L), 70–80th percentile (1.95–2.3 mIU/L), 80–90th percentile (2.31–2.93 mIU/L), and >90th percentile (>2.93 mIU/L). Cardiometabolic traits of each percentile were compared with the reference group. (3) Results: Elevated hsTSH levels within normal range were dose-dependently associated with increased body mass index, body fat percentage, waist circumferences, blood pressure, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), high homeostasis model of assessment of beta-cell (HOMA-β), triglycerides, total cholesterols, fibrinogen, and uric acids (p-for-trend <0.001), but not with fasting glucose levels. The association remained significant after adjustment of age, sex, and lifestyle. As compared to the reference group, subjects with the highest hsTSH percentile had significantly increased risk of being overweight (adjusted odds ratio (adjOR): 1.35), increased body fat (adjOR: 1.29), central obesity (adjOR: 1.36), elevated blood pressure (adjOR: 1.26), high HbA1c (adjOR: 1.20), hyperinsulinemia (adjOR: 1.75), increased HOMA-IR (adjOR: 1.45), increased HOMA-β (adjOR: 1.40), hypertriglyceridemia (adjOR: 1.60), hypercholesterolemia (adjOR: 1.25), elevated hsCRP (adjOR: 1.34), increased fibrinogen (adjOR: 1.45), hyperuricemia (adjOR: 1.47), and metabolic syndrome (adjOR: 1.42), but significant risk of low fasting glucose (adjOR: 0.89). Mediation analysis indicates that insulin resistance mediates the majority of the association between thyroid hormone status and the metabolic syndrome. (4) Conclusion: Elevated hsTSH within the normal range is a cardiometabolic risk marker associated with central obesity, insulin resistance, elevated blood pressure, dyslipidemia, hyperuricemia, inflammation, and hypercoagulability.

scholarly journals Patterns of Alcohol Consumption and the Metabolic Syndrome

2008 ◽  
Vol 93 (10) ◽  
pp. 3833-3838 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Z. Fan ◽  
Marcia Russell ◽  
Timothy Naimi ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
Youlian Liao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Binge Drinking ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Drinking Patterns ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Increased Risk

Context and Objective: Protective and detrimental associations have been reported between alcohol consumption and the metabolic syndrome. This may be due to variations in drinking patterns and different alcohol effects on the metabolic syndrome components. This study is designed to examine the relationship between alcohol consumption patterns and the metabolic syndrome. Design, Setting, Participants, and Measures: The 1999–2002 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey is a population-based survey of noninstitutionalized U.S. adults. Current drinkers aged 20–84 yr without cardiovascular disease who had complete data on the metabolic syndrome and drinking patterns were included in the analysis (n = 1529). The metabolic abnormalities comprising the metabolic syndrome included having three of the following: impaired fasting glucose/diabetes mellitus, high triglycerides, abdominal obesity, high blood pressure, and low high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol. Measures of alcohol consumption included usual quantity consumed, drinking frequency, and frequency of binge drinking. Results: In multinomial logistic regression models controlling for demographics, family history of cardiovascular disease and diabetes, and lifestyle factors, increased risk of the metabolic syndrome was associated with daily consumption that exceeded U.S. dietary guideline recommendations (more than one drink per drinking day for women and more than two drinks per drinking day for men (odds ratio 1.60, 95% confidence interval 1.22–2.11) and binge drinking once per week or more [odds ratio (95% confidence interval) 1.51 (1.01–2.29]. By individual metabolic abnormality, drinking in excess of the dietary guidelines was associated with an increased risk of impaired fasting glucose/diabetes mellitus, hypertriglyceridemia, abdominal obesity, and high blood pressure. Conclusion: Public health messages should emphasize the potential cardiometabolic risk associated with drinking in excess of national guidelines and binge drinking.

Abstract P246: Dietary Minerals and Metabolic Syndrome: Results From the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL)

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 137 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine M Bulka ◽  
Martha L Daviglus ◽  
Daniela Sotres-Alvarez ◽  
Ramon A Durazo-Arvizu ◽  
Yasmin Mossavar-Rahmani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Community Health ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Hispanic Community ◽  
Copper Manganese ◽  
High Fasting Glucose

Introduction: Minerals play an integral role in lipid and carbohydrate metabolism and defense against oxidative damage, and thus mineral-poor diets may be an important risk factor for cardiometabolic disease. Little is known about the relationship between dietary mineral intake and metabolic health in Hispanics/Latinos - the largest ethnic minority in the U.S. Hypothesis: Individuals consuming less than recommended amounts of certain minerals may have a greater burden of metabolic syndrome, independent of individual-level risk factors. Methods: We studied 15,051 Hispanic/Latino individuals, aged 18-74 years, from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos, a population-based epidemiologic study of adults enrolled from 4 U.S. communities in 2008-2011. Daily intakes of selected minerals (copper, manganese, selenium, and zinc) from up to two dietary recalls were averaged, and combined with self-reported supplemental intakes. Copper, selenium, and zinc intake levels were dichotomized at the estimated average requirement (EAR); for manganese, the adequate intake (AI) was used as a cutoff point as an EAR has not been established. Metabolic syndrome and its component abnormalities were defined per the harmonized American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute criteria as at least 3 of the following 5 criteria: high blood pressure, high triglycerides, low HDL cholesterol, high fasting glucose, or abdominal obesity. Associations of mineral intakes with prevalent metabolic syndrome and its individual components were evaluated using logistic regression models accounting for the complex sampling design of the study. Results: Intakes of copper, manganese, selenium, and zinc were below the EAR/AI in 15%, 29%, 4%, and 13% of individuals, respectively. Copper intake below the EAR was positively associated with metabolic syndrome (OR: 1.23, 95% CI: 1.05-1.44) after adjustment for energy intake, age, gender, and Hispanic/Latino background, and was primarily driven by an association with high blood pressure (1.24, CI: 1.04-1.47). Manganese intake below the AI was also associated with metabolic syndrome (1.16, CI: 1.01-1.32), with the strongest associations observed for high fasting glucose levels (1.20, CI: 1.04-1.38) and abdominal obesity (1.19, CI: 1.05-1.36). Conclusion: Consuming less than the recommended amounts of copper and manganese was associated with a greater prevalence of metabolic syndrome. Future prospective studies are needed to confirm the importance of achieving copper and manganese adequacy and synergistic aspects of foods containing these minerals for optimal cardiometabolic health.

High multivitamin intake by Wistar rats during pregnancy results in increased food intake and components of the metabolic syndrome in male offspring

2008 ◽  
Vol 295 (2) ◽  
pp. R575-R582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ignatius M. Y. Szeto ◽  
Alfred Aziz ◽  
Paul J. Das ◽  
Ameer Y. Taha ◽  
Nobuhiko Okubo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Male Offspring ◽  
Metabolic Phenotype ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

The effect of high multivitamin intake during pregnancy on the metabolic phenotype of rat offspring was investigated. Pregnant Wistar rats ( n = 10 per group) were fed the AIN-93G diet with the recommended vitamin (RV) content or a 10-fold increase [high vitamin (HV) content]. In experiment 1, male and female offspring were followed for 12 wk after weaning; in experiment 2, only males were followed for 28 wk. Body weight (BW) was measured weekly. Every 4 wk, after an overnight fast, food intake over 1 h was measured 30 min after a gavage of glucose or water. An oral glucose tolerance test was performed every 3–5 wk. Postweaning fasting glucose, insulin, ghrelin, glucagon-like peptide-1, and systolic blood pressure were measured. No difference in BW at birth or litter size was observed. Food intake was greater in males born to HV dams ( P < 0.05), and at 28 wk after weaning, BW was 8% higher ( P < 0.05) and fat pad mass was 27% higher ( P < 0.05). Food intake reduction after the glucose preload was nearly twofold less in males born to HV dams at 12 wk after weaning ( P < 0.05). Fasting glucose, insulin, and ghrelin were 11%, 62%, and 41% higher in males from HV dams at 14 wk after weaning ( P < 0.05). Blood glucose response was 46% higher at 23 wk after weaning ( P < 0.01), and systolic blood pressure was 16% higher at 28 wk after weaning ( P < 0.05). In conclusion, high multivitamin intake during pregnancy programmed the male offspring for the development of the components of metabolic syndrome in adulthood, possibly by its effects on central mechanisms of food intake control.

scholarly journals Effects of green coffee extract supplementation on anthropometric indices, glycaemic control, blood pressure, lipid profile, insulin resistance and appetite in patients with the metabolic syndrome: a randomised clinical trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 119 (3) ◽  
pp. 250-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanieh Roshan ◽  
Omid Nikpayam ◽  
Meghdad Sedaghat ◽  
Golbon Sohrab
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Glycaemic Control ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Green Coffee ◽  
Control Blood Pressure ◽  
Anthropometric Indices ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

AbstractThis study was conducted to elucidate the effects of decaffeinated green coffee bean extract (GCE) on anthropometric indices, glycaemic control, blood pressure, lipid profile, insulin resistance and appetite in patients with the metabolic syndrome (Mets). Subjects were randomly allocated to consume 400 mg GCE or placebo capsules twice per d for 8 weeks. Both groups were advised to follow an energy balanced diet. After GCE supplementation, systolic blood pressure (SBP) significantly reduced compared with the placebo group (−13·76 (sd 8·48) v. −6·56 (sd 9·58) mmHg, P=0·01). Also, GCE treatment significantly reduced fasting blood glucose (FBS) (−5·15 (sd 60·22) v. 29·42 (sd 40·01) mg/dl (−0·28 (SD 3·34) v. 1·63 (SD 2·22) mmol/l); P=0·03) and homoeostatic model of assessment of insulin resistance in comparison to placebo (−1·41 (sd 3·33) v. 1·23 (sd 3·84), P=0·02). In addition, waist circumference (−2·40 (sd 2·54) v. −0·66 (sd 1·17) cm, P=0·009) and appetite score (−1·44 (sd 1·72) v. −0·2 (sd 1·32), P=0·01) of the individuals supplemented with GCE indicated a significant decline. Besides, weight and BMI reduction in the intervention group was almost twice as much as the placebo group; however, this discrepancy was marginally significant (weight: −2·08 (sd 2·11) v. −0·92 (sd 1·30) kg, P=0·05). No difference was observed in terms of glycated Hb (HbA1c) percentage and lipid profile parameters between the two groups. To sum up, GCE administration had an ameliorating effect on some of the Mets components such as high SBP, high FBS and Mets main aetiological factors including insulin resistance and abdominal obesity. Furthermore, GCE supplementation could reduce appetite level.

Abstract P142: Association of the Metabolic Syndrome With Pulse Wave Velocity: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study (ARIC)

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 131 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna K Poon ◽  
Michelle L Snyder ◽  
Elizabeth Selvin ◽  
James S Pankow ◽  
David Couper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Metabolic Abnormalities ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

Introduction: Arterial stiffness is an indicator of subclinical cardiovascular disease (CVD) and is associated with increased CVD risk. The determinants of arterial stiffness may be explained in part by a clustering of metabolic abnormalities (as defined by the metabolic syndrome). Our goal was to examine the association of central and peripheral arterial stiffness (as measured by carotid-femoral, brachial-ankle, and femoral-ankle pulse wave velocity) with the metabolic syndrome in older adults. We predicted higher arterial stiffness (i.e. higher pulse wave velocity measurements) in persons with compared to persons without the metabolic syndrome. Methods: We analyzed 3542 persons without diabetes at the ARIC Visit 5 examination in 2011-13 (61% female; 18% African American; median age 75 yrs). The metabolic syndrome was defined as ≥3 of the following: (1) abdominal obesity (waist circumference ≥102 cm in males and ≥88 cm in females); (2) hypertriglyceridemia (≥150 mg/dL), (3) low HDL-cholesterol (<40 mg/dL in males and <50 mg/dL in females), (4) high blood pressure (BP) (systolic BP ≥130 mmHg and/or diastolic BP≥85 mmHg and/or BP-lowering medications), and (5) high fasting glucose (≥100 mg/dL). Pulse wave velocity (PWV) included carotid-femoral PWV (cfPWV), brachial-ankle PWV (baPWV), and femoral-ankle PWV (faPWV); values were measured using the Colin VP-1000 Plus system (Omron Co., Ltd., Kyoto, Japan). Multivariable regression, with adjustment for age, sex, and race-center, was used to evaluate the association of cfPWV, baPWV, and faPWV with the metabolic syndrome, with each component metabolic abnormality, and with the number of metabolic abnormalities. Results: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 49% (SE 2); the three metabolic abnormalities with the highest prevalence were abdominal obesity (63% (SE 1)), elevated fasting glucose (60% (SE 1)), and high blood pressure (76% (SE 1)). A majority of participants had two (29% (SE 3)) or three (28% (SE 3)) metabolic abnormalities. Persons with the metabolic syndrome had a higher mean cfPWV (54 cm/s; 95% CI: 35, 73 cm/s), higher mean baPWV (22; 95% CI: 2, 42 cm/s, respectively), and lower mean faPWV (-18 cm/s; 95% CI: -31, -6 cm/s) compared to persons without the metabolic syndrome. Each additional metabolic abnormality was associated with a 28 cm/s (95% CI: 20, 36 cm/s) higher cfPWV, 19 cm/s (95% CI: 11, 27 cm/s) higher baPWV, and 6 cm/s (95% CI: -11, -1 cm/s) lower faPWV. Conclusion: Metabolic syndrome and each additional metabolic abnormality was positively associated with cfPWV and baPWV, and inversely associated with faPWV in older adults. Abdominal obesity, elevated fasting glucose, and high blood pressure were the most common metabolic abnormalities in this cohort of older men and women. Having the metabolic syndrome and its abnormalities may contribute to arterial stiffness that is predictive of CVD events and mortality.

METABOLIC SYNDROME IN DIALYSIS PATIENTS

2016 ◽  
pp. 7-11
Author(s):  
Vinh Phu Hoang ◽  
Tam Vo ◽  
Van Tien Le ◽  
Thi Hoai Huong Vo
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Artificial Kidney ◽  
Dialysis Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Average Value ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
End Stage

Objective: To review disorders elements of the metabolic syndrome in patients with end-stage chronic renal failure on dialysis cycle. Materials and methods: A cross sectional descriptive study of 85 patients including end-stage chronic renal failure in dialysis cycle from 5/2015 - 9/2016 at the Department of Artificial Kidney, Hue Central Hospital. Results: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in dialysis patients was 37.65%. The prevalence of abdominal obesity was 30.6%; The prevalence of hypertension was 72.9%, the average value systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were 142.24 ± 27.53, 80.35 ± 12.48 mmHg; The prevalence of hyperglycemia was 28%, the average value blood glucose was 4.9 ± 1.19 mmol/l; The prevalence of triglyceride increase was 34.1%, the average value triglyceride was 1.59 ± 0.84 mmol/l. The prevalence of HDL-C increase was 47.1%, the average value HDL-C was 1.24 ± 0.33 mmol/l. Conclusion: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in dialysis patients is very high, in which hypertension and HDL disturbances are the highest. Key words: chronic renal failure, dialysis, metabolic syndrome

scholarly journals Individual Diet Modification Reduces the Metabolic Syndrome in Patients Before Pharmacological Treatment

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 2102
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Elżbieta Zujko ◽  
Marta Rożniata ◽  
Kinga Zujko
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

Modification of lifestyle, including healthy nutrition, is the primary approach for metabolic syndrome (MetS) therapy. The aim of this study was to estimate how individual nutrition intervention affects the reduction of MetS components. Subjects diagnosed with MetS were recruited in the Lomza Medical Centre. The study group consisted of 90 participants and was divided into one intervention group (individual nutrition education group (INEG)) and one control group (CG). The research was conducted over 3 months. The following measurements were obtained during the first visit and after completion of the 3 months intervention: body mass, waist circumference, body composition, blood pressure, fasting glucose, and blood lipids. Dietary assessments were performed before and post-intervention using 3-day 24-h dietary recalls. Dietary knowledge was evaluated with the KomPAN questionnaire. The total polyphenol content of the diet was calculated. Sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics were collected from a self-reported questionnaire. The physical activity was assessed by the short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). It was found that the individual nutrition education was an effective method to improve the knowledge, dietary habits, and physical activity of the study participants. The modification of the diet in terms of higher intake of polyphenols (flavonoids and anthocyanins), fiber, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), PUFA n-3, and lower intake of saturated fatty acids (SFA) had a significant impact on the improvement of some MetS risk factors (waist circumference, fasting glucose, and HDL-cholesterol).

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