scholarly journals IDENTIFICATION OF GASTROINTESTINAL HELMINTHS INFECTION FROM GOATS ISOLATED IN A FARM IN KUANTAN, PAHANG, MALAYSIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mawaddah Mohd Azlan ◽  
Afzan Mat Yusof ◽  
Mardhiah Mohammad
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Farm Management ◽  
Body Frame ◽  
Mixed Species ◽  
Gastrointestinal Helminths ◽  
Good Physical Condition ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
High Infection ◽  
Effective System ◽  
Agricultural Setting

Livestock is a group of domesticated animal that is reared in an agricultural setting. It usually served as a source of income for most peoples in Malaysia. However, the productions of this livestock especially goats have been decreasing due to the occurrence of gastrointestinal helminths infection. The aim of this study was to identify the presence and species of gastrointestinal helminths from 120 fecal samples collected directly from the rectum of goats from a farm located in Kuantan, Pahang. Firstly, the physical observation was evaluated on all goats. Then, their fecal sample was examined within 96 hours using Formal-ether Sedimentation method for the morphological characteristics identification of gastrointestinal helminthic species under the microscope. This study has identified the majority of goats with a good physical condition, that they have no sign of blood loss and have appropriate body frame. However, the microscopic identification has revealed 89 from the total samples positive with gastrointestinal helminths species while 76 of the positive showed presence of mixed species. The species found were Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus spp., Trichuris ovis, Oesophagostomum spp., Ostertagia spp., and Strongyloides papillosus. This high infection of gastrointestinal helminths observed in goats is related to an impaired immune system, poor farm management, and uncontrolled anthelmintic treatment. The presence of various species of gastrointestinal helminths within a goat is an important cause of morbidity and loss of production. Therefore, this study suggested the need for an effective system of management, diagnosis and appropriate treatment that can reduce the risk of infection and increase the productivity of the animals.   

scholarly journals Phenotype variability and relations between basic parameters of morphological development in young Balkan donkeys

2014 ◽  
Vol 68 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 207-214
Author(s):  
Vladan Djermanovic ◽  
Sreten Mitrovic ◽  
Ruzica Trailovic ◽  
Dragisa Trailovic ◽  
Sergej Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Selective Breeding ◽  
Genetic Resource ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Morphological Development ◽  
Body Frame ◽  
Native Breed ◽  
Body Development ◽  
Basic Parameters

Balkan donkey is native breed of donkeys evolutively adapted to modest breeding conditions and different climatic systems including harsh and severe climate of Serbian mountains. Unfortunately, the purposes for breeding small donkeys have been lost during the 20th century so the population is regressing. There has been no selective breeding of the autochthonous donkeys in Serbia therefore the data on breed characteristics are recent and few. The monitoring of morphological characteristics of autochthonous Balkan donkey population in Serbia have been performed in aim to characterize the population and to define the importance of autochthonous donkeys as national genetic resource . The morphometric parameters evaluated i.e. height at withers (HWi) body length (BLe), thorax girth (TGi), cannon perimeter (CPe) and body weight (BW) in young Balkan donkeys bred in traditional conditions were used for establishment of the following body indexes: Index of Body Frame (IBF), Index of Body Compactness (BCI), Index of Conformation (CoI) and Dactyl-costal Index (DCI) reflecting body development and conformational relations in Balkan donkey population in Serbia.

Seasonal Production of Hypogeal Fungal Sporocarps in a Mixed-Species Eucalypt Forest Stand in South-Eastern Australia

1993 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 145 ◽  
Author(s):  
AW Claridge ◽  
AP Robinson ◽  
MT Tanton ◽  
RB Cunningham
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Forest Stand ◽  
Mixed Species ◽  
Probability Of Occurrence ◽  
Soil Variables ◽  
Eucalypt Forest ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Physical Variables ◽  
Over Time

The seasonal production of hypogeal fungal sporoearps was monitored over an 18 month period in a catchment of mixed-species euealypt forest in East Gippsland, Vietoria. During the study, sporocarps of one Ascomycete and 25 Basidiomycete species were collected from soil quadrats sampled sequentially around the bases of eucalypt trees- Sporocarps from these species varied in their dimensions and morphological characteristics. Productivity varied from 21 000 sporocarps ha-1 to 181 000 sporocarps ha-1 or 1.8 kg ha-1 to 8.3 kg ha-1 per month. The probability of occurrence of sporocarps was, on average, greater in midslope sites on a sheltered aspect than elsewhere within the catchment. The number of sporocarps produced varied over time, with a major peak in production occurring during May (late-autumn). This peak occurred mainly within gully sites, which supported on average a greater number of sporocarps than ridge or midslope sites, but a lesser weight of sporocarps. The distribution and productivity (probability of occurrence, number and weight) of sporocarps appeared to be associated with some environmental (soil) variables, but not the physical variables (host tree), that we measured. Sporocarps of some species fruited predominantly in ridge and slope habitats, some species fruited mainly in gullies, whereas others apparently showed no preference for fruiting in ridges, slopes and gullies. Thus, in forest catchments subject to land-management practices such as logging and fire, it may be important to retain undisturbed habitat throughout the topographic sequence to conserve a diversity of hypogeal species.

scholarly journals Parasites of Laboratory Animals Transmissible to Man

1967 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. E. Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Human Infection ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Gastrointestinal Helminths ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Prevention Of Infection ◽  
Simian Malaria ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
The World ◽  
Hygienic Measures

Summary An assessment is made of the hazards to man from parasites of laboratory animals. The chief danger arises from gastrointestinal helminths and protozoa of primates and tapeworms of rodents and prevention of infection depends on the adoption of normal hygienic measures for disposal of the faeces and bedding of experimental animals. Simian malaria constitutes a possible danger in those parts of the world where suitable vectors exist and in these areas the screening of animal houses against mosquitoes is necessary. Many ectoparasites of laboratory animals are capable of establishing themselves on human beings but their tenure is usually short. Infestation of man can be prevented only by control of the ectoparasites in the laboratory animals and this is desirable for the welfare of the animals themselves. The possibility of human infection with the parasites of laboratory animals can be greatly reduced by a period of quarantine immediately following arrival, during which examination is made for the presence of parasites and appropriate treatment given to remove any found to be present.

scholarly journals Improved Otsu and Kapur approach for white blood cells segmentation based on LebTLBO optimization for the detection of Leukemia

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 1970-2001
Author(s):  
Nilkanth Mukund Deshpande ◽  
◽  
Shilpa Gite ◽  
Biswajeet Pradhan ◽  
Ketan Kotecha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Effective System ◽  
Teaching Learning Based Optimization ◽  
Teaching Learning ◽  
Threshold Algorithms

<abstract> <p>The diagnosis of leukemia involves the detection of the abnormal characteristics of blood cells by a trained pathologist. Currently, this is done manually by observing the morphological characteristics of white blood cells in the microscopic images. Though there are some equipment- based and chemical-based tests available, the use and adaptation of the automated computer vision-based system is still an issue. There are certain software frameworks available in the literature; however, they are still not being adopted commercially. So there is a need for an automated and software- based framework for the detection of leukemia. In software-based detection, segmentation is the first critical stage that outputs the region of interest for further accurate diagnosis. Therefore, this paper explores an efficient and hybrid segmentation that proposes a more efficient and effective system for leukemia diagnosis. A very popular publicly available database, the acute lymphoblastic leukemia image database (ALL-IDB), is used in this research. First, the images are pre-processed and segmentation is done using Multilevel thresholding with Otsu and Kapur methods. To further optimize the segmentation performance, the Learning enthusiasm-based teaching-learning-based optimization (LebTLBO) algorithm is employed. Different metrics are used for measuring the system performance. A comparative analysis of the proposed methodology is done with existing benchmarks methods. The proposed approach has proven to be better than earlier techniques with measuring parameters of PSNR and Similarity index. The result shows a significant improvement in the performance measures with optimizing threshold algorithms and the LebTLBO technique.</p> </abstract>

scholarly journals Thelazia Callipaeda and Eye Infections

2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-176
Author(s):  
Suzana Otašević ◽  
Marija Trenkić Božinović ◽  
Aleksandar Tasić ◽  
Aleksandar Petrović ◽  
Vladimir Petrović
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Thelazia Callipaeda ◽  
Ocular Tissues ◽  
Eye Infections ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
The World ◽  
Medical Reports ◽  
Accidental Host

Summary Eye infections can be caused by metazoans - helminths and for long this parasitosis was believed to spread only in tropical regions of the world. Lately, mostly subconjunctival infections of adults or immature forms of D. repens, which is nematoda- filaria of canids, have been described and the man is just an accidental host. The genus Thelazia (Spirurida, Thelaziidae) comprises a cosmopolitan group of eye worm spirurids responsible for eye infections of domestic and wild animals and humans, carried by different kinds of flies. Nematodes localized in the conjunctival space, lacrimal canals and surrounding ocular tissues of humans can cause symptoms from mild to very serious and severe ones if not treated. The chief aim of this paper was to describe the morphological characteristics, life cycle, prevalence and clinical significance of Thelazia spp. as a parasite of the eye. To ensure the diagnosis of thelasiosis and appropriate treatment, it is necessary to have continuing medical reports and increase the awareness of this infection.

Primary phenotypical characterization of the Pirot sheep from Stara Planina, Republic of Serbia: can we save the forgotten zackel?

2016 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 63-72
Author(s):  
O.N. Stevanovic ◽  
M. Stojiljkovic ◽  
R. Trailovic ◽  
S. Ivanov ◽  
D.N. Nedic
Keyword(s):  
Local Community ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Body Frame ◽  
Effective Population ◽  
Sheep Population ◽  
Morphological Variations ◽  
Indigenous Breed ◽  
The Republic

Summary The Pirot sheep is a small Zackel that has been developed in the region of Pirot and the neighbouring municipalities in Serbia. Pirot sheep population has been reduced to only 60 animals in the Republic of Serbia. An overview of qualitative phenotypical and morphometrical characteristics of Pirot sheep from the Stara Planina is presented in this paper. The sheep included in this study belong to the last flock of the breed. The evaluation aims to obtain the phenotypical description of this indigenous breed as a phase of preservation strategy. Therefore, a total of 51 ewes and two rams were measured to obtain the detailed data concerning conformation. The phenotypical characteristics of animals included were also described. Based on the results, the Pirot sheep is a small breed with compact, slightly rectangular body frame (body length 115.40 percent of height at withers). The investigated sheep population was homogeneous, and morphological variations were limited to the data obtained in our research. The differences detected among different age groups were significant and reflected late maturing and slow growth of individuals. The comparison of the data determined by the evaluation of the modern population of Pirot sheep with the description from the older literature did not reveal that many significant changes of the morphological characteristics have occurred during the last 30 years. The small effective population and increasing inbreeding can threaten the efforts to preserve this sheep. The cultural heritage of the local community is also in danger due to the fact that the cornerstones of rural tradition in the area have been production of the three nationally important agricultural brands in Serbia – Pirot kilim (Pirot rug), Pirot/Stara Planina lamb and Pirot/Stara Planina Kachkaval cheese, all of which are depending on the Pirot sheep breeding. Additionally, some problems affecting the preservation of animal genetic resources in Serbia are reviewed with the focus on the Stara Planina. The research indicated that ex situ conservation should also be considered in the case of the Pirot sheep.

scholarly journals Morphological and functional characteristics of Mongolian children and adolescents with different level of physical activity

2021 ◽  
pp. 5-18
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Yu. Permiakova ◽  
◽  
Lhagvasuren Gundegmaa ◽  
Elena Z. Godina ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Standard Technique ◽  
The Body ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Body Frame ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Physical Strength ◽  
Municipal Schools

The materials for the present study were collected cross-sectionally in 2014/15 as a result of a survey of 7136 individuals from 8 to 17 years of age who were ethnic Mongols and lived in the city of Ulaanbaatar. The data was divided into 2 groups – individuals who were students of special sports schools and were engaged in sports sections of different specialization for more than a year, and individuals limited to physical education lessons at municipal schools. Anthropometric data were collected according to the standard technique, followed by assessment of the parameters of the hemodynamic and respiratory systems, as well as the dynamometry of both hands. The survey was performed in accordance with bioethical procedure and the signing of informed consent protocols. Results and discussion. The large value of the total body sizes in the groups of young athletes indicates that the morphological status of the subjects under the influence of physical activity begins to change quite early, and at the end of the period under consideration, the intergroup difference reaches a maximum, especially in boys. At the same time, the body frame index, which allows one to draw indirect conclusions about the robustness of the skeleton, differs slightly. Taking into account the age of the subjects, it can be concluded that the influence of sports on the value of the indicator manifests itself in the process of growth and parallel to increasing physical activity levels. Intergroup differences in the value of functional indicators are much more pronounced: the respiratory and hemodynamic systems demonstrate more active functioning in physically active individuals. In this case, clearer intergroup differences were found in girls. At the same time, higher indicators of dynamometry of both hands (especially in older schoolchildren), together with the results obtained above, make it possible to speak of positive shifts in the physical strength of the body, directly related to a higher level of physical activity. Conclusion. Systematic involvement in regular physical activity and various sports has a positive effect on the body functioning, significantly improving its capabilities: individuals with higher level of physical activity are more adapted to the effects of the external environment comparing to their less-active peers. This is confirmed by numerous studies by other authors. The greater degree of differences in morphological characteristics in the groups of boys, and functional indicators in the groups of girls, may be associated with the traditional Mongolian way of life, with typical gender stereotypes and roles.

scholarly journals Gastrointestinal Helminthic Parasites of Stray Cats (Felis catus) in Northwest Iran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enayat Darabi ◽  
Eshrat Beigom Kia ◽  
Mehdi Mohebali ◽  
Iraj Mobedi ◽  
Farzaneh Zahabiun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Gastrointestinal Helminths ◽  
Public Health Importance ◽  
Parasitic Helminths ◽  
Stray Cats ◽  
Gastrointestinal Helminth ◽  
High Infection ◽  
Northwest Of Iran ◽  
Taenia Taeniaeformis

Background: Stray cats are considered an important source of various human and animal diseases, particularly diseases of parasitic helminths. We aimed to investigate the distribution of zoonotic species of gastrointestinal helminths in stray cats in Meshkin-Shahr district in Ardabil Province in the northwest of Iran. Methods: The gastrointestinal tract of 104 stray cats from villages of Meshkin-Shahr district were provided during 2014-2015. Each gastrointestinal tract was cut into distinct sections, including esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine, and each section was examined separately for detection of helminths. Helminths were collected and then identified at the species level after clearing and staining. Results: Overall, 88 out of 104 cats (84.6%) were found to be infected with at least one gastrointestinal helminth. The rate of infection for each species was as follows: Toxocara mystax (syn. cati) (49%), Taenia taeniaeformis (44.2%), Joyexiella pasqualei (32.7%), Dipylidium caninum (23.1%), Rictularia cahirensis (4.8%), and Physaloptera praeputialis (4.8%). Among these parasites, only Ph. praeputialis was collected from the stomach, all other helminths were collected from the small intestine. Conclusion: The results demonstrate a high infection rate of stray cats with zoonotic helminths. The presence of zoonotic species in stray cats, particularly T. mystax, has public health importance.

scholarly journals Application of ALSV(FD) logic and XTT knowledge representation in the range of ADI properties

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-78
Author(s):  
K. Regulski ◽  
D. Wilk-Kołodziejczyk ◽  
G. Rojek ◽  
S. Kluska-Nawarecka ◽  
W.T. Adrian
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Representation ◽  
Functional Properties ◽  
Target System ◽  
Research Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Modelling ◽  
Suitable Material ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Effective System ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract The objective of studies presented in this publication was structuring of research knowledge about the ADI functional properties and changes in these properties due to material treatment. The results obtained were an outcome of research on the selection of a format of knowledge representation that would be useful in further work aiming at the design, application and implementation of an effective system supporting the decisions of a technologist concerning the choice of a suitable material (ADI in this case) and appropriate treatment process (if necessary). ALSV(FD) logic allows easy modelling of knowledge, which should let addressees of the target system carry out knowledge modelling by themselves. The expressiveness of ALSV (FD) logic allows recording the values of attributes from the scope of the modelled domain regarding ADI, which is undoubtedly an advantage in the context of further use of the logic. Yet, although the logic by itself does not allow creating the rules of knowledge, it may form a basis for the XTT format that is rule-based notation. The difficulty in the use of XTT format for knowledge modelling is acceptable, but formalism is not suitable for the discovery of rules, and therefore the knowledge of technologist is required to determine the impact of process parameters on values that are functional properties of ADI. The characteristics of ALSV(FD) logic and XTT formalism, described in this article, cover the most important aspects of a broadly discussed, full evaluation of the applicability of these solutions in the construction of a system supporting the decisions of a technologist.

Cell Wall Ultrastructure in Three Strains of a Cariogenic Streptococcus

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 338-339
Author(s):  
M. J. Kramer ◽  
Alan L. Coykendall
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Microscopic Study ◽  
Electron Microscopic Study ◽  
Genetic Heterogeneity ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Dna Reassociation ◽  
Wall Ultrastructure

During the almost 50 years since Streptococcus mutans was first suggested as a factor in the etiology of dental caries, a multitude of studies have confirmed the cariogenic potential of this organism. Streptococci have been isolated from human and animal caries on numerous occasions and, with few exceptions, they are not typable by the Lancefield technique but are relatively homogeneous in their biochemical reactions. An analysis of the guanine-cytosine (G-C) composition of the DNA from strains K-1-R, NCTC 10449, and FA-1 by one of us (ALC) revealed significant differences and DNA-DNA reassociation experiments indicated that genetic heterogeneity existed among the three strains. The present electron microscopic study had as its objective the elucidation of any distinguishing morphological characteristics which might further characterize the respective strains.

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