scholarly journals Effect of Prepartum Supplementation of Yeast Culture (Saccharomyces Cerevisiae) on Biochemical Parameters of Dairy Cows and Their Newborn Calves

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 897-904
Author(s):  
Martina Fröhdeová ◽  
Veronika Mlejnková ◽  
Kateřina Lukešová ◽  
Petr Doležal
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Blood Sample ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cattle Breed ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Yeast Culture ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

The aim of our experiment was to compare the effect of different levels of the addition ofSaccharomyces cerevisiae (S. c.)yeast culture on feed carrier to the current ration MK DOJ Levucell SC 20, Saccharomyces cerevisiae CNCM I-1077 (E 1711) 20.1010CFU on the blood parameters of high-pregnant breeding cows and their calves. The experiment included 42 breeding cows of the Czech Fleckvieh cattle breed and their calves. The breeding cows were divided into two age groups, each of 21 heads. The first group included heifers and the second group consisted of cows on the 2ndand higher lactation. Each age group had 7 control animals (Heifers/Cows – control), 7 animals receiving 50 g of yeast culture on the feed carrier per head and day (Heifers/Cows – 50 g), and 7 animals receiving 150 g of yeast culture on the feed carrier per head and day (Heifers/Cows – 150 g). Blood of the animals was sampled three times during the experiment – two times in the cows and one time in their calves. The first blood sample was taken from the breeding cows before the start of feeding the yeast culture ca. 23 days before the expected parturition (Cow −23). The second blood sample was taken from the breeding cows within 24 hours after birth (Cow +2) and the third blood sample was taken from the calves on the 3rd–4thday after birth (Calf +4). Parameters ascertained in the processed serum were: immunoglobulines G (IgG), crude protein (CP), gamma glutamyl-transferase (GGT), urea, glutamate-pyruvate-transaminase (GPT) and glutamate-oxaloacetate-transaminase (GOT). Results of our experiment, which lasted from 16.3 to 28.6 (105 days) showed IgG in the serum of cows on the 2ndand higher lactation in the control group (3.8 ± 1.48 mg/ml) was statistically significantly lower (P < 0.05) in the blood sample Cow +2 than in the serum of cows in the 2ndand higher lactation fed with the lower concentration ofSaccharomyces cerevisiaeat the same sampling (15.9 ± 11.41 mg/ml). This correlates also with the fact that the content of IgG antibodies in the serum of calves after the cows on the 2ndand higher lactation in the control group (3.9 ± 2.06 mg/ml) was statistically significantly (P < 0.05) lower than that of calves after the cows on the 2ndand higher lactation with the lower concentration ofSaccharomyces cerevisiae(14.6 ± 8.67 mg/ ml).As to the higher addition, no statistically significant difference of the effect on the IgG content was recorded (P < 0.05).

Effects of different doses of probiotic yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae on the duodenal mucosa in rabbits

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilay Seyidoglu ◽  
Sabire Peker
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Yeast Culture ◽  
Total Thickness ◽  
Intestinal Health ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Doses

Probiotics and their components have been used to improve growth performance and immunity, as well as intestinal health. This study evaluated the effect of different doses of Saccharomyces cerevisiae on the morphological properties of duodenums of rabbits. Twenty 6-7 weeks old male New Zealand White Rabbits were randomly allocated into three groups for 90 days. The first group (control group) received the basal diet, the second group received basal diet supplemented with S.cerevisiae at a level of 2g/kg of feed, and the third group was fed with S.cerevisiae live yeast culture added at 4.0 g/kg. At the end of the experiment duodenum segments were taken, fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin and processed for histological examination. In this study, the total thickness of the mucosa, the height of the villi and depth of the crypts and depth of the glands of the duodenum were found to be longer with the increased yeast doses. However, there was no significant difference among the villus crypt ratio of the groups. In conclusion, the total thickness of the mucosa, villus heights, crypt depths and gland depths were increased significantly in both of the yeast groups of rabbits. Therefore, it may be proposed that administration of S.cerevisiae in either low or high doses may be used for intestinal health.

scholarly journals Assessment of Heavy Metals and Related Impacts on Antioxidants and Physiological Parameters in Oil Refinery Workers in Iraq

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (31) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed A. Ajeel ◽  
Akram A. Ajeel ◽  
Aws Maseer Nejres ◽  
Riyam Ameen Salih
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Oil Refinery ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Physiological Variables ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

Background. Some heavy metals can be harmful to human health in elevated doses such as zinc (Zn) and magnesium (Mg), while others such as lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), and copper (Cu) have harmful consequences to health even in small doses. Heavy metals and additives are incorporated into crude oil to enhance performance.3,4,5 Crude oil is well known to contain heavy metals like Cu, Cd, Ni and Pb.3,6,7 Objective. The current study aimed to assess levels of heavy metals and the impact of these metals on antioxidant levels and physiological variables in the serum of oil refinery workers in Iraq. Methods. Heavy metals such as Pb, Cd, Hg, Zn, Cu and Mg were assessed in the serum of a sample of refinery workers (N=40) and a control group (N=20) using atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). Additionally, levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), δ-aminolaevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and physiological variables such as blood urea, serum creatinine, glutamate-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), glutamate-pyruvic transaminase (GPT), and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) were measured to assess impact of these heavy metals. Results. Mercury, Cd, and Pb were significantly elevated in the refinery worker group in comparison with the control group, while the levels of Zn, Cu, and Mg were significantly lower in the refinery worker group compared to the control group. There was a significant difference between the control group and the worker group for most of the antioxidants and functional variables. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC), δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were significantly lower in the worker group while blood urea, serum creatinine, glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT), and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) showed a significant elevation in the workers' group. Glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) showed no significant difference between the control group and the worker group. Conclusions. Refinery workers are at increased risk of having higher serum levels of Pb, Cd, and Hg compared to controls which can lead to an increase in oxidative stress, decrease in TAC, and decrease in the essential trace elements Zn, Cu and Mg. Participant Consent. Obtained Ethics Approval. This study was approved by the ethics committee within the Nineveh Health Department, Mosul, Iraq. Competing Interests. The authors declare no competing financial interests.

scholarly journals Growth and Blood Parameters of Weaned Crossbred Beef Calves Fed Forage Kale (Brassica oleraceaspp.acephala)

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Y. Chorfi ◽  
Y. Couture ◽  
G. F. Tremblay ◽  
R. Berthiaume ◽  
D. Cinq-Mars
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Total Proteins ◽  
Pasture Management ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Beef Calves ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

Forty lightweight calves (206.4±3.2 kg) were randomly distributed to four treatments: (Control) low nutritive value pasture and hay plus 1 kg d−1of rolled barley; (Pasture) management intensive pasture; (Haylage) timothy haylage; and (Kale) 50% timothy haylage −50% kale pasture. Blood samples were analysed for thyroid hormones, liver enzymes, glucose, cholesterol, total proteins (TP), albumin, globulins, and urea-N. At the end of the trial, the Pasture group was the heaviest with323.6±4.2 kg BW and 1.54 kg ADG. Final BW and ADG were similar for the Kale and Haylage groups. Blood T3was higher for Kale than for the other groups. The T3/T4ratio was greater for Control at the end of the experiment. There were no treatment differences for T4, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT), glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH), cholesterol, and glucose. Blood urea-N was lower for Kale and higher for Pasture; however albumin concentrations were greater for Pasture and similar for other treatments. Except for the Control group, calves had a lower concentration of circulating globulins at the end than at the beginning of the experiment. This study showed that Kale could be fed to backgrounding calves without detrimental effects on performance.

scholarly journals Effects of age and sex on blood biochemistry of dorper lambs

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 3085 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Espírito Santo da Cruz ◽  
Fernando Melo Rocha ◽  
Cassius Vinícius Barbosa Sena ◽  
Pablo Gomes Noleto ◽  
Ednaldo Carvalho Guimarães ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Biochemical Variables ◽  
Blood Biochemical ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Calcium Phosphorus ◽  
Dorper Sheep ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
High Density Cholesterol

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the physiological variations and influence of age group and sex on biochemical variables of 32 male and female Dorper sheep at the age of 15 to 121 days. Four blood samples were collected from each animal, at monthly intervals, totaling 128 samples. Biochemical variables determined in each sample were total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), globulin (GLB), albumin/globulin ratio (A/G), glucose (GLU), triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (tCHOL), high density cholesterol carrying lipoproteins (HDL-C), low density cholesterol carrying lipoproteins (LDL-C), very low density cholesterol carrying lipoproteins (VLDL-C), urea, creatinine (CRE), total calcium (tCa), ionized calcium (iCa), phosphorus (P), calcium/phosphorus ratio (Ca/P), magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na), potassium (K), chloride (Cl), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). The results were obtained in four moments according to age: M1 - sheep from 15 to 30 days, M2 - sheep from 45 to 61 days, M3 - sheep from 74 to 90 days and M4 - sheep from 105 to 121 days. Comparing the values of the biochemical variables among the four age groups studied a significant difference (p < 0.05) was observed in the concentrations of all the variables evaluated except for Na, Cl and ALT. Sex did not influence (p > 0.05) the values of the biochemical variables analyzed. Based on the results, it is concluded that the age groups exert a significant influence on the majority of blood biochemical variables of Dorper sheep from 15 to 121 days of age.

scholarly journals Psychological Symptoms in Young Adult Migraineurs

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Turgay Akalin ◽  
Aysin Sinal
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Psychological Symptom ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Migraine Headaches ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2

We aimed to reveal psychological symptoms of young university students (18-25 y/o) with no secondary disease with complaints of migraine headaches. We compared the psychological symptoms with a young control group that did not present headaches and other studies examining migraines in different age groups to determine any similarities. The study consisted of 75 migraine cases; 13 with aura and 62 without aura) and 42 non-headache control subjects. The International Classification of Headache Disorders 3 (ICHD-3) with criteria questions and the Psychological Symptom Research Scale were applied to all participants and SPSS Statistics Program evaluated the data. Findings: 1) In the test of Descriptive Statistics for the Sample of Students, average values of both sexes were taken and found the average values of the migraine groups were higher than control group. 2) The Anova Test found differences in the diagnostic group besides depression (Somatisation p<., others p<.01) with no significant difference in depression (p=0.315). 3)The Pearson Correlation Analysis, found no association between age and psychological symptoms. There’s a significant relationship between psychological symptoms with somatisation (besides paranoid) (p<.05). There’s a significant relationship between depression and other psychological symptoms (p<.05). There’s a significant relationship between anxiety, obsession, interpersonal relationships, psychoticism, paranoia, anger, phobia, additional scale and other psychological symptoms (p<.01). Result: The study demonstrated psychological symptoms in young migraineurs. The average psychological symptoms of both migraine groups were higher than the control group, this showed psychological symptom similarities between young migraineurs and migraine patients of different age groups.

scholarly journals APOPTOSIS INDEX BETWEEN FEMALES AND MALES IN REGULAR HEMODIALYSIS

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 150
Author(s):  
Djoko Santoso
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Microtiter Plate ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Immunochemical Determination ◽  
Apoptosis Index ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Esrd Patients

Many reports have documented apoptosis index in hemodialysis patients, but to date, no single study has directly compared the apoptosis index of males to females. Data on mortality rate among hemodialytic patients in the hemodialysis center at the Department of Internal Medicine Dr Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia show a high number predominated by female patients. Therefore, to answer the question of whether there is a gender difference in apoptosis index, the researcher studied leukocyte responses in male and female hemodialysis patients. The apoptosis index of the sample was measured by indirect immunoassay method. Cell lyses, followed by immunochemical determination of histone-complexed DNA fragments in a microtiter plate wells. The apoptosis quantization was obtained by determining the amount of colored product spectrophotometrically. One hundred and four non-diabetic subjects who received hemodialysis (HD), and 24 normal controls (NC), were evaluated. The apoptosis index in ESRD patients group and control group showed no significant difference (0.6172 vs 0.4008, p=0.114), neither did it vary in both sexes and age groups. When the sex factor was analyzed (after exclusion from the diabetic ESRD patients), females apoptosis index was significantly higher than that of the males (0.7325 vs 0.55175, p<0.05). In conclusion, apoptosis index in females among non-diabetic patients undergoing hemodialysis is higher than that occur in males and controls.

scholarly journals Variability of blood serum biochemical parameters in Karakachan sheep

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Stevanovic ◽  
M. Stojiljkovic ◽  
D. Nedic ◽  
D. Radoja ◽  
V. Nikolic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Balkan Peninsula ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Sheep Breed ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Indigenous Sheep ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

Karakachan sheep represents an endangered, indigenous sheep breed from Balkan Peninsula. There is relatively little information about the characteristics of this sheep breed in the veterinary scientific literature. The aim of this research was an examination of certain metabolic profile parameters of the Karakachan sheep blood serum, and variability of their concentrations in comparison to age and some other indigenous sheep breeds from Balkans. Examination was conducted on 14 clinically healthy sheep divided in two age groups. Blood samples were collected by puncture of v. jugularis and blood serum was separated after spontaneous coagulation. The concentrations of total protein, albumin, calcium, inorganic phosphorus, aspartate amino transferase (AST) and ?- glutamyl transferase (GGT) were determined. In relation to age of Karakachan sheep, statistically significant difference between the calculated mean values of examined parameters was not observed. A statistically significant difference was found between the mean concentrations of the studied parameters in Karakachan sheep and other breeds in total protein (Tsigai, Dubrovnik and Dalmatian sheep), albumin (Dalmatian), calcium and inorganic phosphorus (Tsigai, Dubrovnik) and AST's (Dalmatian, Karakachan sheep from Bulgaria).

scholarly journals PROTECTIVE ROLE AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF ROSMARINUS OFFICINALIS AGAINST TRICHLOROACETATE-INDUCED TOXICITY IN LIVER OF MALE RATS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 420
Author(s):  
Medhat Mostafa Abozid ◽  
Hoda Ea Farid
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Rosmarinus Officinalis ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Group I ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

 Objective: The current study was designed to estimate the potential protective role of the aqueous extract of rosemary (AER) (Rosmarinus officinalis) against trichloroacetic acid (TCA)-created hepatotoxicity in male albino rats.Methods: Forty male albino rats were separated into four groups of ten: Group I served as control; Group II was given AER (200 mg/kg/day) by gavage; Group III received TCA at the dose 50 mg/kg/day, and Group V was treated with AER (200 mg/kg/day) and received TCA (50 mg/kg/day). The experiment was carried out for 2 months.Results: The toxicity of TCA for rats was revealed by an elevation in liver marker enzymes activities (gamma-glutamyl transferase [GGT], alkaline phosphatase [ALP], aspartate transaminase [AST], alanine aminotransferase [ALT]) and conjugated bilirubin (CB) level, and a decrease in albumin and total protein (TP) levels. The TCA administration also caused a significant increase in the activities of catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), and also malondialdehyde (MDA) level in liver tissues. These biochemical effects were accompanied by histological indicators of liver damage. Treatment with ARE recovered the liver damage instigated by TCA, as showed by perfection of liver enzyme markers (GGT, ALT, AST, ALP), CB, TP and albumin; as well as antioxidant parameters (CAT, SOD, GPx) and lipid peroxidation (MDA) and amelioration of histopathology changes in the liver tissues.Conclusion: It could be concluded that AER supplementation for 2 months in TCA-induced toxicity in rats benefited hepatic antioxidant status and improved liver injury and damage in male albino rats exposed to TCA.

Accuracy and Speed of Orthographic Processing in Persons with Developmental Dyslexia

2005 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wayne M. King ◽  
Linda L. Lombardino ◽  
Sarah Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Dyslexia ◽  
Word Reading ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Age Difference ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Typically Achieving ◽  
Reading Disabled

A group of 39 persons (20 male and 19 female, 11.0 to 32.5 yr.) with developmental dyslexia and 42 controls (21 male and 21 female, 11.2 to 32.3 years) were compared on computerized tests of sight word reading, nonword decoding, and spelling recognition. The subjects with developmental dyslexia performed significantly slower and less accurately than controls on all tasks. Further, the effect size of the group differences was larger for the older group. Within-group analyses showed a significant difference by age group on accuracy. Only the control group showed a significant age difference between groups on response time. Mean accuracy and response times for the reading-disabled subjects resembled shifted versions of the control group means. These results agree with previous reports that phonological deficits persist for reading-disabled adults and suggest a test of whether the discrepancy between reading-disabled and typically achieving readers may actually increase across age groups.

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