Effects of different doses of probiotic yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae on the duodenal mucosa in rabbits

Basal Diet ◽

Morphological Properties ◽

Control Group ◽

Yeast Culture ◽

Total Thickness ◽

Intestinal Health ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Different Doses

Probiotics and their components have been used to improve growth performance and immunity, as well as intestinal health. This study evaluated the effect of different doses of Saccharomyces cerevisiae on the morphological properties of duodenums of rabbits. Twenty 6-7 weeks old male New Zealand White Rabbits were randomly allocated into three groups for 90 days. The first group (control group) received the basal diet, the second group received basal diet supplemented with S.cerevisiae at a level of 2g/kg of feed, and the third group was fed with S.cerevisiae live yeast culture added at 4.0 g/kg. At the end of the experiment duodenum segments were taken, fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin and processed for histological examination. In this study, the total thickness of the mucosa, the height of the villi and depth of the crypts and depth of the glands of the duodenum were found to be longer with the increased yeast doses. However, there was no significant difference among the villus crypt ratio of the groups. In conclusion, the total thickness of the mucosa, villus heights, crypt depths and gland depths were increased significantly in both of the yeast groups of rabbits. Therefore, it may be proposed that administration of S.cerevisiae in either low or high doses may be used for intestinal health.

Effect of Prepartum Supplementation of Yeast Culture (Saccharomyces Cerevisiae) on Biochemical Parameters of Dairy Cows and Their Newborn Calves

Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis ◽

10.11118/actaun201462050897 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 62 (5) ◽

pp. 897-904

Author(s):

Martina Fröhdeová ◽

Veronika Mlejnková ◽

Kateřina Lukešová ◽

Petr Doležal

Keyword(s):

Blood Sample ◽

Age Groups ◽

Cattle Breed ◽

Blood Parameters ◽

Control Group ◽

Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽

Yeast Culture ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Glutamyl Transferase

The aim of our experiment was to compare the effect of different levels of the addition ofSaccharomyces cerevisiae (S. c.)yeast culture on feed carrier to the current ration MK DOJ Levucell SC 20, Saccharomyces cerevisiae CNCM I-1077 (E 1711) 20.1010CFU on the blood parameters of high-pregnant breeding cows and their calves. The experiment included 42 breeding cows of the Czech Fleckvieh cattle breed and their calves. The breeding cows were divided into two age groups, each of 21 heads. The first group included heifers and the second group consisted of cows on the 2ndand higher lactation. Each age group had 7 control animals (Heifers/Cows – control), 7 animals receiving 50 g of yeast culture on the feed carrier per head and day (Heifers/Cows – 50 g), and 7 animals receiving 150 g of yeast culture on the feed carrier per head and day (Heifers/Cows – 150 g). Blood of the animals was sampled three times during the experiment – two times in the cows and one time in their calves. The first blood sample was taken from the breeding cows before the start of feeding the yeast culture ca. 23 days before the expected parturition (Cow −23). The second blood sample was taken from the breeding cows within 24 hours after birth (Cow +2) and the third blood sample was taken from the calves on the 3rd–4thday after birth (Calf +4). Parameters ascertained in the processed serum were: immunoglobulines G (IgG), crude protein (CP), gamma glutamyl-transferase (GGT), urea, glutamate-pyruvate-transaminase (GPT) and glutamate-oxaloacetate-transaminase (GOT). Results of our experiment, which lasted from 16.3 to 28.6 (105 days) showed IgG in the serum of cows on the 2ndand higher lactation in the control group (3.8 ± 1.48 mg/ml) was statistically significantly lower (P < 0.05) in the blood sample Cow +2 than in the serum of cows in the 2ndand higher lactation fed with the lower concentration ofSaccharomyces cerevisiaeat the same sampling (15.9 ± 11.41 mg/ml). This correlates also with the fact that the content of IgG antibodies in the serum of calves after the cows on the 2ndand higher lactation in the control group (3.9 ± 2.06 mg/ml) was statistically significantly (P < 0.05) lower than that of calves after the cows on the 2ndand higher lactation with the lower concentration ofSaccharomyces cerevisiae(14.6 ± 8.67 mg/ ml).As to the higher addition, no statistically significant difference of the effect on the IgG content was recorded (P < 0.05).

Evolution of ethylene by Saccharomyces cerevisiae as influenced by the carbon source for growth and the presence of air

Canadian Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1139/m78-107 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 24 (6) ◽

pp. 637-642 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

K. C. Thomas ◽

Mary Spencer

Keyword(s):

Carbon Source ◽

Ethylene Production ◽

Atp Synthesis ◽

Yeast Cells ◽

Yeast Culture ◽

Wild Type ◽

Absolute Requirement ◽

Wild Type Yeast

Effects of the carbon source and oxygen on ethylene production by the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae have been studied. The amounts of ethylene evolved by the yeast culture were less than those detected in the blank (an equal volume of uninoculated medium), suggesting a net absorption of ethylene by the yeast cells. Addition of glucose to the lactate-grown yeast culture induced ethylene production. This glucose-induced stimulation of ethylene production was inhibited to a great extent by cycloheximide. Results suggested that the yeast cells in the presence of glucose synthesized an ethylene precursor and passed it into the medium. The conversion of this precursor to ethylene might be stimulated by oxygen. The fact that ethylene was produced by the yeast growing anaerobically and also by respiration-deficient mutants isolated from the wild-type yeast suggested that mitochondrial ATP synthesis was not an absolute requirement for ethylene biogenesis.

Effect of the diet with commercial dry yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on organoleptic qualities, chemical and biological parameters of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)

Agricultural Science and Technology ◽

10.15547/10.15547/ast.2019.01.014 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 84-89

Author(s):

N.M. Abdulrahman ◽

I.H. Al-Refaiee ◽

H. Ali Mutter

Keyword(s):

Common Carp ◽

Cyprinus Carpio ◽

Fish Flesh ◽

Common Carp Cyprinus Carpio ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Carp Cyprinus Carpio ◽

Experimental Treatments ◽

Different Levels

Abstract. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the replacement of different levels of animal protein concentrate (APC) with a commercial dry yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae in diets on common carp performance. The experiment was conducted in the fish laboratory of the Department of Animal Production, College of Agricultural Sciences, University of Sulaimani in Kurdistan region of Iraq for the period from 25.07.2015 to 15.10.2015. Starting with a period of acclimatization for 21 days, to test the efficiency of using commercial dry yeast S. cerevisiae as alternative protein source to APC used in the manufacturing of diets for common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) by using 90 fish at weights ranged 22-42g divided into 15 groups distributed randomly on 15 plastic containers by five treatments with three replicates per each variant. The treatments contain different levels of APC and yeast S. cerevisiae as follows: first treatment (Control T1): 100% APC / 0.00% yeast S. cerevisiae; second treatment (T2): 75% APC / 25% yeast S. cerevisiae; third treatment (T3): 50% APC / 50% yeast S. cerevisiae; fourth treatment (T4): 25% APC / 75% yeast S. cerevisiae and fifth treatment (T5): 0.00% APC / 100% yeast S. cerevisiae. There was no significant difference observed in the value of biological indices for some physiological organs, spleen and Hepatic pancreases and also in the value of the condition factor (CF) between carps from different treatments. The results of the chemical composition of the fish flesh showed significant difference in the moisture of individuals from T4 as compared with these from T2 and T5, T2 was significantly increased in crude protein as compared with other treatments, T5 had significant differences in fat crude as compared with other treatments, T1 and T2 were significantly different in ash as compared with other treatments, T1 was significantly different in carbohydrates as compared with other treatments. The results showed no significant differences observed among experimental treatments in Panel test of tenderness, color, juiciness, flavor and overall acceptance for fish meat.

Hepatic Histomorphological Changes and Oxidative Stress Profile of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) Juveniles Fed with Sodium Propanoate-Preserved Diets

Notulae Scientia Biologicae ◽

10.15835/nsb10410316 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 460-465

Author(s):

Patrick E. ABA ◽

Ifeanyi E. UZOCHUKWU ◽

Nelson I. OSSAI ◽

Ifeanyi G. EKE

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Biological Effects ◽

Clarias Gariepinus ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Control Group ◽

Stress Profile ◽

Fish Feed ◽

Inflammatory Parameters ◽

Significant Difference

Sodium propanoate is in the list of approved feed preservatives. However, there is dearth of information on its biological effects on the C. gariepinus. The present study investigated the effect of sodium propanoate-preserved feed on the hepatic histomorphometric changes, oxidative stress and inflammatory parameters of C. gariepinus juveniles. One hundred juveniles of mixed sexes, assigned into 5 groups of 20 fish per group, with each group consisting of 2 replicates of 10 fish, were used for the investigation. Group A juveniles were fed basal diet, while groups B-E received basal diet incorporated with sodium propanoate at the rate of 25, 50, 75 and 100 g/15 kg of feed respectively. Treatments were done two times daily for 8 weeks. Samples (sera and liver) were collected on the last day for evaluation of a few biochemical parameters (malondialdehyde values, catalase activity, C-reactive protein levels) and histomorphometric alterations in the liver. Results indicated that fish in groups D and E had higher catalase activities, lower serum levels of C-reactive proteins and an intact hepatic histomorphormetry when compared with the control group. There was no significant difference in the plasma malondialdehyde values in all the groups. It was concluded that preservation of fish feed with sodium propanoates improved antioxidant status of C. gariepinus and protected liver histology.

Comparison of salivary IgA and systemic IgA and IgG antibodies to Saccharomyces cerevisiae in HIV-infected subjects

International Journal of STD & AIDS ◽

10.1258/095646203322025759 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 14 (7) ◽

pp. 458-462 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Maria Belazi ◽

Alexandra Fleva ◽

Drakoulis Drakoulakos ◽

Despina Panayiotidou

Keyword(s):

Solid Phase ◽

Systemic Disease ◽

Test Group ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Control Group ◽

Antibody Activity ◽

Igg Antibodies ◽

Whole Saliva ◽

Significant Difference

Our objective was to investigate the concentrations of IgA and IgG antibodies to Saccharomyces cerevisiae in whole saliva and serum samples from HIV-infected patients and to compare them with the corresponding antibody values of healthy controls. A cross-sectional design was used. The test group consisted of 23 HIV-infected male individuals, aged 20-41 years old, free of any other systemic disease. Twenty healthy subjects aged 27-43 years old served as controls. Whole unstimulated saliva and blood were collected from all subjects. IgA concentrations in saliva and IgA and IgG concentrations in serum were measured by solid-phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Salivary antibody concentrations were calculated by reference to a pooled standard saliva obtained from 10 healthy males with high levels of anti- S. cerevisiae antibody activity. Total IgA and IgG concentrations were measured by nephelometry/tholocymetry assay. No significant difference was observed in salivary specific IgA and serum specific IgG levels to S. cerevisiae, while serum specific IgA were significantly lower in HIV infected patients compared to control group. Opportunistic infections due to S. cerevisiae, although rare, cannot be dismissed. This yeast can show a potential virulence in debilitated patients, therefore, further extensive investigation should be considered.

Effect of Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast culture supplement on ruminal metabolism in buffalo calves given a high concentrate diet

Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s0003356100007698 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 59 (2) ◽

pp. 209-215 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

U. Kumar ◽

V. K. Sareen ◽

S. Singh

Keyword(s):

Dry Matter ◽

Volatile Fatty Acids ◽

Rumen Fluid ◽

Lactate Concentration ◽

Control Group ◽

Yeast Culture ◽

Buffalo Calves ◽

Post Feeding ◽

In Sacco

AbstractThe effect of inclusion of live yeast culture (YC, Saccharomyces cerevisiae plus growth medium) in a high concentrate diet given to buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) calves on the rumen microbial population and fermentation pattern and in sacco dry matter disappearance of dietary constituents was examined. Six rumen-fistulated buffalo calves of about 120 kg live iveight were divided into two equal groups. The control group was given a diet consisting of, on a dry-matter basis, 0·90 kg ivheat straw, 1 kg berseem (Trifolium alexandrinum) and ISO kg concentrate per day per calf and the yeast group the above diet plus 5 g YC which was put directly into the rumen via the fistula. After feeding this diet for 6 weeks (supplementation period), inclusion of YC was stopped and both groups were given the control diet for a period of 3 weeks to examine the performance of the YC group after withdrawal of YC. At week 4 of YC supplementation the pH was significantly increased (P < 0·01) and lactate concentration was decreased (P < 0·01) in the rumen fluid for up to 6 h post feeding. The number of total bacteria, total viable bacteria, cellulolytic bacteria, amylolytic bacteria and protozoa were increased proportionately by 0·554 (P < 002), 0·482 (P<0·01), 0·670 (P <0·01), 0·077 (P > 0·05) and 0·079 (P>0·05), respectively. The concentrations of total volatile fatty acids, particularly at 4 h post feeding (P < 0·01), acetate fP < 0·01) and propionate and the acetate to propionate ratio were higher in the YC compared with the control group. On YC inclusion, the concentration of ammonia-nitrogen was decreased while that of trichloracetic acid insoluble protein was marginally increased. All these differences in rumen variables started to disappear on YC withdrawal and values returned to control levels by the 3rd week after YC withdrawal. YC supplementation increased the in sacco dry-matter disappearance of various dietary components particularly after 3, 6 and 22 h incubation.

Effect of biscuits fortified with different doses of vitamin A on indices of vitamin A status, haemoglobin and physical growth levels of pre-school children in Chongqing

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980010000820 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 13 (9) ◽

pp. 1462-1471 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Xuan Zhang ◽

Ke Chen ◽

Ping Qu ◽

You-Xue Liu ◽

Ting-Yu Li

Keyword(s):

Vitamin A ◽

School Children ◽

Vitamin A Deficiency ◽

Daily Intake ◽

Retinol Binding Protein ◽

Physical Growth ◽

Control Group ◽

Group I ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Different Doses

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the efficacy of biscuits fortified with different doses of vitamin A on improving vitamin A deficiency (VAD), anaemia and physical growth of pre-school children.DesignA randomised double-masked population-based field interventional trial with a positive control group.SettingBanan district of Chongqing, China.SubjectsA total of 580 pre-school children aged 3–6 years were randomly recruited into four groups. Children in groups I and II were given biscuits fortified with vitamin A at 30 % of the recommended daily intake (RDA) and 100 % of the RDA once a day for 9 and 3 months, respectively. Children in group III received biscuits containing 20 000 IU of vitamin A once a week for 3 months. Initially, the children in group IV received a 200 000 IU vitamin A capsule just once. At the beginning and end of the study, blood samples were collected to measure Hb, serum retinol, retinol-binding protein and prealbumin, and weight and height were measured.ResultsAll the fortification types significantly decreased the prevalence of VAD and anaemia in each group (P < 0·05). The effect of 9-month intervention on group I was the most efficient (P < 0·0045). After intervention, the Z-scores of height-for-age, weight-for-age and weight-for-height in all groups increased markedly compared with baseline (P < 0·05), but no significant difference was observed among the groups.ConclusionsData indicated that consuming vitamin A-fortified biscuits with daily 100 % RDA for 3 months has the same effect on the improvement of VAD, anaemia and physical growth as did the weekly 20 000 IU and single 200 000 IU administration in pre-school children.

Dietary seaweed-derived polysaccharides improve growth performance of weaned pigs through maintaining intestinal barrier function and modulating gut microbial populations

10.21203/rs.3.rs-64432/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Tiande Zou ◽

Jin Yang ◽

Xiaobo Guo ◽

Qin He ◽

Zirui Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Performance ◽

Intestinal Barrier ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Intestinal Barrier Function ◽

Control Group ◽

Mrna Levels ◽

Intestinal Health ◽

Weaned Pigs ◽

Tnf Α ◽

G Ratio

Abstract Background: Seaweed-derived polysaccharides (SDP) represent an attractive source of prebiotic nutraceuticals for the food and animal husbandry industry. However, the mechanism by which SDP from Enteromorpha mediates pig growth are not fully understood. This study aimed to investigate how SDP supplementation influences the growth performance and intestinal health in weaned pigs.Results: In Exp. 1, 240 weaned pigs were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments and fed with a basal diet or a basal diet containing 200, 400 or 800 mg/kg SDP, respectively, in a 21-d trial. Pigs on the 400 or 800 mg/kg SDP-supplemented group had greater ADG and lower F/G ratio than those on the control group (P＜0.05). In Exp. 2, 20 male weaned pigs were randomly assigned to two treatments and fed with a basal diet (CON group) or a basal diet supplemented with 400 mg/kg SDP (the optimum does from Exp. 1), in a 21-d trial. Pigs fed the SDP diet had greater ADG, the concentrations of serum IL-6 and TNF-α and the activities of glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase (P＜0.05), and lower F/G, diarrhea rate, as well as serum D-lactate concentrations and diamine oxidase activity (P＜0.05). Moreover, dietary SDP supplementation enhanced secretory immunoglobulin A content, villus height and villous height: crypt depth ratio in small intestine, as well as the lactase and maltase activities in jejunum mucosa (P＜0.05). SDP supplementation elevated the mRNA levels of inflammatory response-related genes (IL-6, TNF-α, TLR4, TLR6 and MyD88), and the mRNA and protein levels of ZO-1, Claudin-1 and Occludin in jejunum mucosa (P＜0.05). Importantly, SDP not only increased the Lactobacillus population but also reduced the Escherichia coli population in cecum (P＜0.05). Furthermore, SDP increased acetic acid and butyric acid concentrations in cecum (P＜0.05).Conclusions: These results not only suggest a beneficial effect of SDP on growth performance and intestinal barrier functions, but also offer potential mechanisms behind SDP-facilitated intestinal health in weaned pigs.

Bacitracin Methylene Disalicylate Improves Intestinal Health by Modulating Its Development and Microbiota in Weaned Rabbits

Frontiers in Microbiology ◽

10.3389/fmicb.2021.579006 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Yang Chen ◽

Shuaishuai Hu ◽

Jiali Li ◽

Bohao Zhao ◽

Naisu Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Nitrogen Concentration ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Ammonia Nitrogen ◽

Antagonistic Effect ◽

Polymerase Chain Reaction Test ◽

Control Group ◽

Intestinal Health ◽

Intestinal Environment ◽

The Impact

Intestinal infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in humans and agricultural animals, especially newborns and weaned animals. Preventive treatments that help weaned animals maintain homeostasis and balance the hindgut microbial populations are desirable. The present study aimed to explore the impact of bacitracin methylene disalicylate (BMD) on the intestinal health by analyzing the intestinal environment, morphology, expression of peptidoglycan recognition proteins (PGRPs), and flora of weaned rabbits. A total of 300 New Zealand weaned rabbits were randomly divided into the following five treatment groups for a 35-day feed trial: control group (basal diet), bacitracin zinc (BZ) group (50 mg/kg BZ), BMDa group (100 mg/kg BMD), BMDb group (50 mg/kg BMD), and BMDc group (rabbits fed a basal diet supplemented with 25 mg/kg BMD). In each treatment group, 28 rabbits were slaughtered for experimental analysis. The results showed that the supplementation of BMD increased the environmental acidity of the cecum of the weaned rabbits and reduced the ammonia-nitrogen concentration, which was beneficial to the survival of useful bacteria in the intestine. The morphology analysis of the duodenum using hematoxylin and eosin staining revealed that the villus length, villus/crypt ratio, and intestinal wall thickness increased in the BMD group, thereby improving the structure of the duodenum and the absorption capacity of the small intestine. Moreover, real-time polymerase chain reaction test showed that PGRPs (especially PGLYRP-1 and PGLYRP-2) in the intestinal had an antagonistic effect with BMD in the process of inhibiting pathogenic bacteria, resulting in their decreased expression (P < 0.05). Furthermore, through 16S rRNA sequencing in the cecal content, the abundance of the predominant phyla in the BMDa and BZ groups was found to be the closest. The abundance of the genera Lachnospira, Erysipelotrichaceae (p-75-a5), Paraprevotellaceae (YRC22), Mogibacterium, Peptococcaceae (rc4-4), Anaerovibrio, Succinivibrio, and Sphaerochaeta increased in the BMDa and BZ groups (P < 0.05). The relative abundance of Alistipes, Sedimentibacter, and Dorea significantly increased only in the BMDa group (P < 0.05). Conclusively, BMD, as well as microbes, improved the intestinal environment and structure to maintain the intestinal health of weaned rabbits.

Effect of Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) Supported by Selenium and Zinc on Lipid Profile of Local Sheep Males

Al-Anbar Journal of Veterinary Sciences ◽

10.37940/ajvs.2019.12.1.10 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 89-96

Author(s):

Mohannad Aremmt ◽

T Mohammed ◽

saad Alrawi

Keyword(s):

Synergistic Effect ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Animal Health ◽

The Other ◽

Control Group ◽

Organic Form ◽

The Third ◽

Group 3

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) supported with zinc and selenium on the lipid profile. of Twenty-one Iraqi males sheep were used aged (1-1.5) years and the weight mean approximately (38±4) kg. experiment animals used divided randomly into three treated groups each group have 7 males. All males were fed on the same ration. The first group was considered as a control group without treatment (T1), the second group (T2) were given yeast enriched with zinc (Saccharomyces cerevisiae -zinc) with dosage (0.2 g/kg/bw), the third group (3) was given yeast enriched with selenium (Saccharomyces cerevisiae-selenium) with dosage (0.03 g/kg/bw). The results showed significant (P≤0.05) differences control group compare with the other two-treated groups (T3 and T2) in triglyceride, LDL , VLDL and HDL . The results indicate to significant differences (P≤0.05) of (T2 and T3) compare with the control group by HDL . From the results concluded that there synergistic effect of Saccharomyces cerevisiae with zinc and selenium as organic form (Saccharomyces cerevisiae-zinc/selenium) could be attributed to improved animal health.