Quantitative Analysis of Pre-Strain Effect on Mechanical Properties of the Austenitic Stainless Steel

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiwei Chen ◽  
Caifu Qian ◽  
Guoyi Yang ◽  
Xiang Li
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Tensile Testing ◽  
Control Mode ◽  
Strain Effect ◽  
Strain Control

The test of austenitic stainless steel specimens with strain control mode of pre-strain was carried out. The range of pre-strain is 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9% and 10% on austenitic stainless steel specimens, then tensile testing of these samples was done and their mechanical properties after pre-strain were gotten. The results show that the pre-strain has little effect on tensile strength, and enhances the yield strength more obviously. According to the experimental data, we get a relational expression of S30408 between the value of yield strength and pre-strain. We can obtain several expressions about different kinds of austenitic stainless steel by this way. It is convenient for designers to get the yield strength of austenitic stainless steel after pre-strain by the value of pre-strain and the above expression.

Influence of Cold Rolling Reduction on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties in 204C2 Austenitic Stainless Steel

2019 ◽  
Vol 944 ◽  
pp. 193-198
Author(s):  
Tian Yi Wang ◽  
Ren Bo Song ◽  
Heng Jun Cai ◽  
Jian Wen ◽  
Yang Su
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Ultimate Tensile Strength ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Cold Rolling ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Rolling Reduction ◽  
Cold Rolling Reduction

The present study investigated the effect of cold rolling reduction on microstructure and mechanical properties of a 204C2 Cr–Mn austenitic stainless steel which contained 16%Cr, 2%Ni, 9%Mn and 0.083 %C). The 204C2 austenitic stainless steels were cold rolled at multifarious thickness reductions of 10%, 20%, 30%,40% and 50%, which were compared with the solution-treated one. Microstructure of them was investigated by means of optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy. For mechanical properties investigations, hardness and tensile tests were carried out. Results shows that the cold rolling reduction induced the martensitic transformation (γ→α ́) in the structure of the austenitic stainless steel. With the increase of the rolling reduction, the amount of strain-induced martensite increased gradually. Hardness, ultimate tensile strength and yield strength increased with the incremental rolling reduction in 204C2 stainless steels, while the elongation decreased. At the thickness reduction of 50%, the specimen obtained best strength and hardness. Hardness of 204C2 stain steel reached 679HV. Ultimate tensile strength reached 1721 MPa. Yield strength reached 1496 MPa.

Evaluation and Characterization of ASS316L at Sub-Zero Temperature

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satyanarayana Kosaraju ◽  
Anil Kalluri ◽  
Swadesh Kumar Singh ◽  
Ahsan ul Haq
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Ultimate Tensile Strength ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Strain Hardening ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Strain Hardening Exponent

Abstract Austenitic Stainless-Steel grade 316L is one among the significant ASS grades which is most commonly used in various industry sectors. It has excellent corrosion resistance in ordinary atmospheric and also in more arduous environments such as salt water and environments where resistance to chloride corrosion is required. Whilst performing well when exposed to relatively high temperatures, this grade of Austenitic Stainless steel also maintains its strength and toughness at sub-zero temperatures, making this an excellent choice for various applications in industries sectors such as Marine, general construction, and water treatment. Therefore, present study focused on evaluating the mechanical properties such as ultimate tensile strength (UTS), yield strength (YS) and strain hardening exponent (n) are evaluated based on the experimental data obtained from the uniaxial isothermal tensile tests performed at an interval of −25 °C from 0 °C to −50 °C and at three orientations (0, 45, 90) degrees to the rolling direction and cross head velocity (3, 5, 7) mm/min were chosen. A total of 27 experiments have been planned based on design of experiments to conduct experiments. A mathematical model for the prediction of ultimate tensile strength (UTS), yield strength (YS) and strain hardening exponent (n) was developed using process parameters such as temperature, orientation and cross head velocities. Results have shown that mechanical properties can be predicted with a reasonable accuracy within the range of process parameters considered in this study.

scholarly journals The Effects of Long-Term Operation and High Temperature on Material Properties of Austenitic Stainless Steel Type 321H

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Naif Al-Khazraji ◽  
Samir Ali Amin ◽  
Husam Ahmed Al-Warmizyari
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Mechanical Testing ◽  
Tube Material ◽  
Absorbed Energy ◽  
Long Time

Changes in mechanical properties of material as a result of service in different conditions can be provided by mechanical testing to assist the estimation of current internal situation of these materials, or the degree of deterioration may exist in furnaces serviced at high temperature and exceed their design life. Because of the rarity works on austenitic stainless steel material type AISI 321H, in this work, ultimate tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, hardness, and absorbed energy by impact are evaluated based on experimental data obtained from mechanical testing. Samples of tubes are extracted from furnace belong to hydrotreaterunit, also samples from un-used tube material are used to make comparisons between these properties. Tensile properties of stainless steel (AISI 321H) were decreased as temperature increases; the trend of properties decreasing for the samples of un-used tube material is the same for the ex-used material. The trend of stress-strain curve will not change due to elevated temperature exposure for long time of service, except the yield strength will be higher in this diagram. The yield strength increased under these conditions, but the ability of material  which is elongated will decrease. Hardness and absorbed energy increased by 11.28 and 14% respectively when the material is aged for long time under effect of high temperature accompanied with creep effect. Keywords:  Hardness, Impact, Mechanical Properties, Stainless Steel 321H, Mechanical Properties, Tensile Strength, Tube Furnace.

Microstructure Evolution and Property of Austenitic Stainless Steel after ECAP

2012 ◽  
Vol 268-270 ◽  
pp. 291-296
Author(s):  
Li Min Wang ◽  
Zhi Hua Gong ◽  
Gang Yang ◽  
Zheng Dong Liu ◽  
Han Sheng Bao
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Shear Stress ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Microstructure Evolution ◽  
Ultrafine Grain ◽  
Angular Pressing

Ultrafine-grain or even nano-grain microstructure can be made by equal channel angular pressing (ECAP), mainly resulting from shear strain. The authors experimentally investigated 00Cr18Ni12 austenitic stainless steel and its mechanical properties during and after ECAP. The results showed that because of larger shear stress, many slipping bands occured inside grains, with the increase of pressing pass, the slipping bands may interact with each other to separate slipping bands into sub-grains, finally, the sub-grains transformed into new grains with large angular boundaries. The grain size was about 200nm after the 7th pass. After the 1st and 2nd pass, the tensile strength was higher 93% and 144% than that without ECAP, the yield strength was 5.3 and 6.6 times of that without ECAP respectively.

Influence of Solution Treatment on Atomic Diffusion and Mechanical Properties of AZ80 Magnesium Alloy

2012 ◽  
Vol 479-481 ◽  
pp. 27-30
Author(s):  
Ju Mei Zhang ◽  
Zhi Hu Wang ◽  
Wan Chang Sun ◽  
Li Bin Niu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Magnesium Alloy ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Grain Boundaries ◽  
Tensile Testing ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
Solution Time ◽  
Atomic Diffusion ◽  
Az80 Magnesium Alloy

The atomic diffusion and mechanical properties of as-cast AZ80 magnesium alloy after solution treatment at different time were studied by OM,SEM,EDS as well as tensile testing. The results show that the coarse β-Mg17Al12 phase distributed along the grain boundaries as net microstructure is almost dissolved after solution treatment, and the content of Al that in the α-Mg matrix is well distributed with the solution time prolonged. Because of the β-Mg17Al12 phase reducing and granulating, the function of precipitates phase strengthening was depressed and the hardness (HB) of alloy dropped obviously. However, the tensile strength(σb ) and elongation(δ) enhanced remarkably and the yield strength (σ0.2) decreased slightly.

scholarly journals Effect of drawing and annealing on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 304 austenitic stainless steel wire

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qinhua Xu ◽  
Jianxin Zhu ◽  
Yong Zong ◽  
Lihua Liu ◽  
Xiaoyong Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Stacking Fault ◽  
Stainless Steel Wire ◽  
Electron Backscattered Diffraction ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties ◽  
304 Austenitic Stainless Steel

Abstract Plastic deformation at room temperature, and the proceeding heat treatments, are important processes for optimizing the microstructure and mechanical properties of austenitic stainless steel. The microstructure and mechanical properties of cold-drawn 304 austenitic stainless steel wire were investigated after annealing at 700 and 800 °C, with different times (20, 40 and 60 min) and drawing strain (0.4, 1.0 and 1.5). Electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) techniques, trans-mission electron microscope (TEM) analysis, differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and tensile tests were performed in order to study the microstructure evolution and mechanical properties during different annealing processes for the 304 austenitic stainless steel wire. The results showed that the quantity of α’ martensite and dislocations increased with an increase in the strain, which means that, while the ultimate tensile strength of the cold-drawn wires elevated, the elongation reduced. The mechanical properties of stainless steel wires also varied with the evolution of martensite transformation characteristics, density of stacking fault, dislocation and twin, as well as the recrystallization degree under various annealing conditions. The recrystalli-zation temperature of steel wire was mainly determined by the magnitude of the strain, while the martensite reversal temperature was determined by the stacking fault energy and the de-formation value. The temperature of recrystallization and martensite reverse in steel wire de-creased with the increment of the strain. The balance of tensile strength and elongation of steel wire can be obtained by adopting the proper annealing process combined with cold-drawing deformation. In this paper, we showed that a good combination of strength and elongation in 304 austenitic stainless steel can be obtained with a strain of 1.5 annealed at 800 °C for 20 min.

Study on Preparation and Properties of Resource-Saving Nitrogenous Stainless Steel

2020 ◽  
Vol 996 ◽  
pp. 191-199
Author(s):  
Qing Bao Liu ◽  
Zhi You Hu ◽  
Xiang Jun Liu ◽  
Chang Qiao Yang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Nickel Content ◽  
Vacuum Induction Furnace ◽  
Strength Increase ◽  
Rockwell Hardness ◽  
The Impact

In order to alleviate the shortage of global nickel resources, it is imperative to develop low nickel stainless steel. This paper presents a novel approach based on increasing nitrogen and reducing nickel for smelting economical stainless steel. Taking 06Cr19Ni10 stainless steel as the object, the test steels with different nitrogen and nickel content were smelted using vacuum induction furnace (ZG-0.01) under the laboratory conditions, and the effects of alloy content on microstructures, mechanical properties and corrosion properties of the economical stainless steel were investigated. The results show that the microstructure of the tested steel which nitrogen content 0~0.28% and nickel content 5.98~9.63% is still the single austenitic, and the grain size decreases as the nitrogen content increases. Nitrogen deteriorates the impact toughness of the tested steel, and the room temperature impact absorption energy is reduced from 267 J at the nitrogen content of 0 to 228 J at nitrogen content of 0.28%. Rockwell hardness, tensile strength and yield strength increase with the increase of nitrogen content. When the nitrogen content is 0.28%, the optimum mechanical properties of 06Cr19Ni10 steel are obtained. The Rockwell hardness is 95.4 HRB, the tensile strength is 814 MPa, the yield strength is 437 MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 52.5%. The degree of intergranular corrosion of the tested steel is reduced significantly with the increase of nitrogen content, from 0.023 μm to 0.008 μm. The experimental data prove that the composition design concept of increasing nitrogen and reducing nickel is feasible for smelting economical stainless steel.

scholarly journals Effect of multiple warm rolling on microstructure and mechanical properties of 304 stainless steel prepared by aluminothermic reaction

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 168781401985099 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Abdelrahim ◽  
HB Mohamed ◽  
Peiqing La ◽  
Wei Fuma ◽  
Fuling Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Warm Rolling ◽  
Thickness Reduction ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Reaction Method ◽  
Aluminothermic Reaction

304 stainless steels were prepared by aluminothermic reaction method; first steels are annealed at 1000°C and then rolled at 700°C for different deformation. The microstructures evolution and mechanical properties were distinguished in details. It was found that the steel contains nanocrystalline/submicrocrystalline/microcrystalline austenite and submicrocrystalline ferrite. After rolling to a thickness reduction of 30%, 50%, and 70%, the mechanical properties of the rolled steels were substantially increased, as the deformation increased from 30% to 50%, the tensile strength increased from 650 to 1110 MPa, the yield strength increased from 400 to 665 MPa, and the elongation increased from 8% to 8.5%.

Characterization of the Mechanical Properties of Spring Materials

1974 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 839-844 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. F. Weissmann ◽  
B. C. Wonsiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Quality Control ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Energy Dissipation ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Tensile Testing ◽  
Control Applications

Spring materials are purchased under specifications which impose limits on the tensile strength but do not control the crucial properties, i.e., resistance to plastic flow and stiffness. Present techniques for characterizing spring material are discussed in detail. A novel test is described which is quick, inexpensive, and reliable and holds promise for both research and quality control applications. The test is based on a dynamic determination of energy dissipation in a sample stressed in bending or torsion, the usual modes of deformation for most springs. Stiffness and permissible deformations are determined directly and the elastic modulus and yield strength can be calculated easily. The results obtained in this way compare favorably with those determined by tensile testing. An example is given which illustrates the operation of the test and the calculation of results. Since the entire test from sample preparation to calculation of results requires about five minutes, and since the apparatus should be relatively inexpensive, the test ought to find application in many areas where testing is not practical at the present time.

scholarly journals An Investigation on the Effect of Axial Pressures on the Mechanical Properties of Friction Welded Dissimilar Steels

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 639378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit Handa ◽  
Vikas Chawla
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Welded Joints ◽  
Experimental Setup ◽  
Low Alloy Steel ◽  
Aisi 304 ◽  
Mechanical Joining

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of axial pressures on the mechanical properties of friction welded AISI 304 with AISI 1021 steels, produced by mechanical joining. In the present study, an experimental setup was designed in order to accomplish friction welded joints between austenitic stainless steel and low alloy steel. Samples were welded under different axial pressures, at a constant speed of 800 rpm. The tensile strength, impact strength, and microhardness values of the welded joints were determined and evaluated and on the basis of the results obtained from the experimentation, the graphs were plotted.

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