Effect of Exercise Intensity on Active and Passive Glucose Absorption

2006 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 485-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Lang ◽  
Carl V. Gisolfi ◽  
G. Patrick Lambert
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Intestinal Absorption ◽  
Exercise Intensity ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Glucose Absorption ◽  
The Other ◽  
Repeated Measures Anova ◽  
Intestinal Glucose Absorption ◽  
Trained Runners

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of exercise intensity on active and passive intestinal glucose absorption. Eight trained runners (age = 23 ± 2 y; VO2max = 62.1 ± 5.8 mL · kg−1 · min−1) performed a 1 h resting experiment and three 1 h treadmill experiments at 30, 50, or 70% VO2max in a thermoneutral environment. Immediately prior to each experiment, euhydrated subjects ingested a solution containing two non-metabolizable glucose analogs, 3-O-methyl-D-glucose (3MG; actively absorbed; 5 g) and D-xylose (passively absorbed; 5 g). During the following 5 h, all urine was collected and the amount of 3MG and D-xylose in the urine was determined. Using repeated measures ANOVA, a significant (P < 0.05) reduction in urinary excretion of each carbohydrate was observed at 70% VO2max compared to the other intensities suggesting that both active and passive intestinal absorption of glucose may be reduced during prolonged running at this intensity.

scholarly journals Response of diamine oxidase and other plasma copper biomarkers to various dietary copper intakes in the rat and evaluation of copper absorption with a stable isotope

2000 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 561-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Feillet-Coudray ◽  
C. Coudray ◽  
D. Bayle ◽  
E. Rock ◽  
Y. Rayssiguier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Intestinal Absorption ◽  
Diamine Oxidase ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Apparent Absorption ◽  
Cu Deficiency ◽  
Cu Isotope

There is a lack of agreement on index of Cu status and reliable and sensitive biomarkers are still required. The purpose of this present work was to assess in rats the sensitivity of diamine oxidase (DAO) activity, a recently proposed biomarker, to modifications in dietary Cu intake in comparison with other plasma biomarkers of Cu status. We also evaluated the effect of Cu dietary level on Cu and Zn intestinal absorption. Results showed that plasma Cu and plasma caeruloplasmin were significantly decreased at day 8 compared with the control group (7·4 mg Cu/kg diet) while DAO activity was significantly decreased at day 12 of the deficient diet (0·61 mg Cu/kg diet). Cu supplementation (35 mg Cu/kg diet) had no effect on any of the studied biomarkers of Cu status. In Cu-deficient rats plasma Cu and DAO activities were normalized 4 d after return to the control diet while caeruloplasmin was normalized later, at day 11. Apparent absorption values (%) of total Cu or65Cu isotope were significantly increased in the Cu-deficient rats compared with the other groups and similar in the control and the Cu-supplemented groups. The urinary excretion of total Cu or65Cu isotope were increased in the Cu-supplemented group compared with the other two groups. Both apparent absorption and urinary excretion of total Zn or67Zn isotope remained unchanged in the three experimental groups. In conclusion, DAO activity seemed to be less sensitive to Cu deficiency than plasma Cu or caeruloplasmin concentrations. The present study also showed a significant increase in Cu intestinal absorption with dietary Cu restriction but no decrease with Cu supplementation in the rat.

Ratings of Perceived Exertion to Determine Intensity During Outdoor Running

1998 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dixie L. Thompson ◽  
Keith A. West
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Blood Lactate ◽  
Exercise Intensity ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Borg Scale ◽  
Ratings Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Repeated Measures Anova

A paucity of data exists related to the usefulness of Ratings of Perceived Exertion (RPE) to set exercise intensity in non-laboratory settings. The purpose of this study was to determine if RPE could be used on an outdoor track to generate blood lactate and heart rate (HR) responses similar to those obtained on a treadmill (tm) run. Nine experienced runners (6 males, 3 females; [Formula: see text]) completed a horizontal, incremental tm test. HR, RPE, and lactate were measured for each stage. Subsequently, subjects ran for 30 min on an outdoor track at the RPE corresponding with 2.5 mM lactate during the tm run. Repeated measures ANOVA compared lactate and HR values at 2.5 mM lactate on the tm run and values obtained during the track run. Lactate during the track run was significantly higher (p < .05) than 2.5 mM throughout the 30 min (6.9 ± 2.9, 63 ± 2.9, and 5.8 ± 3.0 mM at 10, 20, and 30 min, respectively). HR at 2.5 mM lactate during the tm run (173 ± 6.1 bpm) was significantly lower (p < .05) than at min 10 and 20 of the track run (182.6 ± 9.3 and 182.9 ± 8.0 bpm, respectively) but not different from min 30 (181.3 ± 10.6 bpm). In summary, it is difficult to generate specific physiological responses using RPE. Key words: RPE, Borg Scale, exercise, lactate, training

Sight-Singing Scores of High School Choristers with Extensive Training in Movable Solfège Syllables and Curwen Hand Signs

2008 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan C. McClung
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Knowledge Base ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sight Singing ◽  
Repeated Measures Anova ◽  
Pedagogical Strategy ◽  
Extensive Training ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Randomly chosen high school choristers with extensive training in solfège syllables and Curwen hand signs ( N = 38) are asked to sight-sing two melodies, one while using Curwen hand signs and the other without. Out of a perfect score of 16, the mean score with hand signs was 10.37 ( SD = 4.23), and without hand signs, 10.84 ( SD = 3.96). A repeated-measures ANOVA revealed no statistically significant difference, F(1, 37) = .573, p = .454. These findings support the results of five earlier studies; however, because earlier studies were limited to students who were minimally trained in movable solfège syllables and Curwen hand signs, this study expands the knowledge base. Relationships between performance scores and instrumental experience, class grade, sight-singing experience, and hand sign experience were also examined. A pedagogical strategy for linking Curwen hand signs with students' preferred modes of learning (especially the kinesthetic mode) is recommended.

The effect of serrating abutment-implant mating surface on torque stability of implant-abutment connection, before and after cyclic loading.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vida Rezayani ◽  
Marzieh Alikhasi ◽  
Abbas Monzavi
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Loading ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
T Test ◽  
The Other ◽  
Repeated Measures Anova ◽  
Implant Abutment ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Torque Loss ◽  
Connection Design

This study evaluated the effect of adding serration to the abutment-implant connection on torque maintenance before and after loading. Two implant systems with the same dimensions and connection design (internal 8˚morse taper octagon) were selected: one with non-serrated abutments (Simple line II) and the other one with serrated abutments (F & B). The removal torque value (RTV) was measured in two groups for each system: one group with one-piece abutments and the other group with two-piece abutments, before and after cyclic loading (n=10 in each group). The initial RTV of the abutment screw was measured with a digital torque meter. Each abutment received a cement-retained metal crown with 30° occlusal surface. Cyclic axial peak load of 75±5 N was applied to the implants for 500,000 cycles at 1 Hz. The post-load RTV was then measured. Two-way and repeated measures ANOVA, and independent t-test were applied to assess the effects of cyclic loading, connection design, abutment type, and their interaction on the percentage of torque loss (α=.05). Two-way ANOVA showed that serration of mating surfaces had a significant effect on torque maintenance before (P&lt;0.001) and after (P=0.004) cyclic loading. Repeated measures ANOVA also showed that loading had a significant effect on the torque loss percentage (P&lt; 0.01). Comparison of the groups with t-test showed that the torque loss of the serrated groups was lower than that of non- serrated groups. Despite the limitations of this study, the stability of the implant-abutment connection in the serrated design was higher than that of non-serrated group.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Efficacy of Intravenous, Subcutaneous, and Suppository Morphine in Reducing Post Hysterectomy Pain

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 195-199
Author(s):  
Sheida Shabanian ◽  
Ali Ahmadi ◽  
Razieh Mohammadi ◽  
Gholamreza Shabanian
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Relative Frequency ◽  
The Other ◽  
Pain Severity ◽  
Morphine Group ◽  
Repeated Measures Anova ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Intravenous Morphine ◽  
Recorded Data ◽  
The Difference

Background and aims: Postoperative pain has always been considered by surgeons because of its various complications. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of intravenous, subcutaneous and suppository morphine in reducing post-hysterectomy pain. Materials and Methods: In this clinical trial, 90 patients undergoing hysterectomy were randomized into three groups of 30 each using simple randomization, namely, intravenous, subcutaneous, and suppository morphine (10 mg). Before intervention and 4, 8, 12, and 16 hours after intervention, pain intensity was measured using visual analogue scale (VAS). Relative frequency of nausea, vomiting, itching, bradypnea, and apnea in all groups was recorded. Data were analyzed by SPSS version16.0. Results: Mean pain severity at 0 hour postoperatively (P=0.004), 4 hours postoperatively (P=0.009), 8 hours postoperatively (P=0.009), and 12 hours postoperatively (P=0.001) was significantly higher in the suppository morphine group than in the other two groups. There was no significant difference in pain severity at 16 hours postoperatively among the three groups (P=0.446). According to the results of repeated measures ANOVA, changes in pain severity at the five intervals were statistically significant in all three groups (subcutaneous, intravenous, and suppository morphine groups) (P<0.001). There was also a statistically significant difference in pain severity at the studied intervals among the three groups (P<0.001). The frequency of nausea (P=0.05) and vomiting (P=0.84) was higher in the suppository group than in the other two groups, although the difference was not statistically significant (P=0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study indicated better efficacy of subcutaneous and intravenous morphine in reducing post-hysterectomy pain compared with suppository morphine.

scholarly journals analysis of the multivariate-repeated-measures-experiment evaluating the influence of gibberellic acid on cherry fruit quality

2004 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 235-248
Author(s):  
Damijana Kastelec ◽  
Valentina Usenik
Keyword(s):  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
The Other ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Fruit Firmness ◽  
Repeated Measures Anova ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Unit Factor

A repeated-measures experiment design including two between-unit factors and one within-unit factor was performed in order to examine the influence of gibberellic acid on cherry fruit quality. One of the two between-unit factors had two levels represented by two cherry cultivars ('Van', 'Sunburst') and the other consisted of two treatments: spraying with gibberellic acid and spraying with pure water as a control. An experimental unit was a cherry branch on which 20 cherries were sampled randomly and marked. The three variables which describe ripeness of cherries were measured over 6 time points at three or four day intervals during maturation. After picking the cherries, measurements of fruit firmness were made on 3 different sides of each marked cherry. The univariate and multivariate repeated measures ANOVA was used for the analysis of two sets of data.

scholarly journals A PILOT ANALYSIS: CAN THE BULGARIAN SPLIT-SQUAT POTENTIATE SPRINT ACCELERATION IN STRENGTH-TRAINED MEN?

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert George Lockie ◽  
Ashley Orjalo ◽  
Matthew Moreno
Keyword(s):  
Individual Variation ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Peak Power ◽  
Relative Strength ◽  
Sprint Performance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Repeated Measures Anova ◽  
Repetition Maximum ◽  
Position Transducer

This study determined whether a five repetition-maximum Bulgarian split-squat (5RM BSS) could potentiate a 0-5, 0-10, and 0-20 m (meter) sprint performance. Seven men were assessed in the 5RM BSS (a linear position transducer measured peak power [PP] and force [PF] for each leg), and completed two post activation potentiation (PAP) sessions. One session involved a control condition (CC) of 4 minutes (min) rest; the other the 5RM BSS. Participants were assessed in baseline sprints, and sprints of 15 seconds, 2, 4, 8, 12, and 16 min post-PAP intervention. A repeated measures ANOVA (p < 0.05) calculated significant changes in sprint times. The best potentiated time for each interval was also compared to the baseline. Spearman’s correlations (r; p < 0.05) calculated relationships between absolute and relative strength, PP and PF, with percent potentiation in sprint times. The BSS did not potentiate speed at any time, although there was great individual variation. The best 0-5 m time was significantly different from the baseline (p = 0.022), with no differences between PAP conditions. Significant correlations were found between strength and sprint potentiation at 16 min for the 0-5 m interval, and at 8 min and the best times for the 0-20 m interval (r = -0.786 to -0.893). There were correlations between PP and PF for each leg with sprint potentiation from 2-12 min across all intervals (r = -0.786 to -0.964). Stronger individuals who generate greater PP and PF in a 5RM BSS will be more likely to potentiate 20-m sprint performance.

13 EFFECT OF 6 TIMES REUSING OF CONTROLLED INTERNAL DRUG RELEASE (CIDR) FOR SHORT TERM (6 DAYS) ON PROGESTERONE LEVEL AND REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF AWASSI EWES

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 136 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Swelum ◽  
A. Mouamen ◽  
A. Alowaimer
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
The Other ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Withdrawal Time ◽  
Repeated Measures Anova ◽  
Significant Difference

This study was carried out using 120 multiparous Awassi ewes during breeding season to compare the effect of 6 times reusing of CIDR short term (6 days) on hormonal and reproductive performance. Ewes were equally and randomly allotted into 6 consecutive oestrus synchronization treatments. For group CIDR6×1, the ewes (n = 20) received new CIDR for 6 days with 300 IU of eCG at withdrawal time. For the other 5 groups, the same protocol was used, differing only by the use of the same CIDR for a second time in CIDR6×2, for a third time in CIDR6×3, for a fourth time in CIDR6×4, for a fifth time in CIDR6×5, and for a sixth time in CIDR6×6. Oestrus was detected using a vasectomized ram starting 12 h after progestagen withdrawal and repeated every 12 h up to 84 h. Blood samples were collected at withdrawal time (Day 6). Progesterone serum concentrations were measured using commercial ELISA kits and micro-titrimetric plates. Timed insemination was performed 48 h after CIDR withdrawal. Pregnancy and number of fetuses were diagnosed by ultrasonography at Day 23 after insemination and confirmed at Day 35 and 60. Comparisons among groups was evaluated using chi-square (χ2) test in all parameters except hormones levels, which was analysed by repeated-measures ANOVA, using SAS (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA, 2000). The results revealed that there is no significant difference between the percentages of ewes detected in heat in groups CIDR6×1, CIDR6×2, and CIDR6×3 (55, 70, and 55%, respectively). While, the percentages of ewes detected in heat in group CIDR6×2 was significantly (P ≤ 0.05) higher than in groups CIDR6×4, CIDR6×5, and CIDR6×6 (35, 35, 31.58%, respectively). On the other hand, pregnancy rate was significantly (P ≤ 0.05) higher in CIDR6×2 (65%; 13/20) than CIDR6×3, CIDR6×4, CIDR6×5, and CIDR6×6 (30, 30, 30, and 15.79, respectively). No significant difference was detected in pregnancy rate between CIDR6×1 and CIDR6×2. No significant differences were detected in progesterone between CIDR6×1 and CIDR6×2, CIDR6×3, CIDR6×4, CIDR6×5, and CIDR6×6 (1.73, 1.67, 1.87, 1.57, 1.60, and 1.36 ng mL–1, respectively). These results indicated that reusing of CIDR devices for short term are efficient in synchronizing oestrus in ewes.

scholarly journals Effect of ethyl acetate extract of Melothria perpusilla on intestinal absorption of glucose in albino rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 543
Author(s):  
Shailendra Vikram Jitendra Singh ◽  
Dharmaraja Meetei Usham ◽  
Subhalakshmi Devi Akham ◽  
Rita Devi Sanjenbam
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Intestinal Absorption ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Glucose Absorption ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Intestinal Loop ◽  
Standard Group ◽  
Intestinal Glucose Absorption

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a spectrum of conditions that includes hyperglycemia. Safety issues limit the optimal use of anti diabetic drugs. The objectives of the study were to evaluate the effect of ethyl acetate extract of Melothria perpusilla (EAEMP) on intestinal absorption of glucose in albino rats.Methods: Twenty four healthy albino rats were divided into four groups (control, standard, test I and test II) of six animals each weighing between 120-150g. Animals in control group were fed with 2% gum acacia, standard group with metformin 150mg/kg, test I with 250mg/kg of EAEMP and test II with 500mg/kg of EAEMP. After treatment for seven days, rats were fasted overnight. Intestinal loop of 10 cm from the pyloric end was prepared, keeping the blood supply intact under anaesthesia. One ml of 250mg% D-glucose in normal saline was injected in the lumen of loop. Rats were sacrificed and the loop was removed after 15minutes. Weight of excised loop was measured and fluid was recovered. The glucose absorbed was calculated by the difference between the amount introduced and recovered after the absorptive period. After dehydrating, the dry weight of the tissue segment was measured. Intestinal glucose absorption was expressed in mg/g dry weight tissue/h.Results: The non parametric data were analysed by Kruskal Wallis test. Ethyl acetate extract of Melothria perpusilla produced a significant reduction in intestinal glucose absorption when compared with control and standard.Conclusions: Treatment with Melothria perpusilla inhibits intestinal glucose absorption probably by inhibition of flavonoids on Na+-K+ATPase.

scholarly journals Spacecraft launch and re-entry: Effects of simulated +Gx acceleration on cardiorespiratory parameters

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
pp. 69-73
Author(s):  
LS Deepika ◽  
MS Nataraja ◽  
S Mishra ◽  
A Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
High Performance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Repeated Measures Anova ◽  
Two Peaks ◽  
Electrocardiogram Ecg ◽  
Second Peak

Introduction: In the spaceflight, during launch and re-entry, the crew is exposed to acceleration ranging from +4Gx to +8Gx in nominal conditions. This study was conducted to assess the changes in cardiorespiratory parameters, namely, heart rate (HR), electrocardiogram (ECG), respiratory rate (RR), and SpO2 on exposure to simulated +Gx acceleration. Material and Methods: Fifteen randomly selected healthy male volunteers participated in the study. They were exposed to a simulated acceleration profile consisting of two peaks in the high-performance human centrifuge; first peak of +4Gx for 30 s and second peak of+8Gx for 30 s. The cardiorespiratory parameters were monitored and recorded during the acceleration exposure. The data were compiled and analyzed using one-way repeated measures ANOVA. Results: Significant increase in HR was observed on exposure to +4Gx (110.4 ± 16.7 bpm; P < 0.001) in comparison to the baseline value (80.5 ± 7.5 bpm). However, the changes in the HR at +8Gx were not significant in comparison to baseline as well as +4Gx values. On the other hand, RR indicated a significant increase on exposure to +8Gx (25.2 ± 5.8 breaths/min) in comparison to the baseline (15.1 ± 1.6 breaths/min; P = 0.001) and +4Gx (19.0 ± 6.1 breaths/min; P = 0.009) values. SpO2 showed a significant reduction at +8Gx (94.2 ± 3.8%) in comparison to baseline (98.9 ± 0.3%; P = 0.004) and +4Gx (96.9 ± 1.5%; P = 0.003). ECG did not show any evidence of arrhythmia during the exposure to +Gx acceleration. Conclusion: The insignificant changes in the HR at peak of +8Gx indicate less pronounced effects on the smaller hydrostatic gradient in +Gx acceleration unlike +Gz acceleration. However, the findings of the study point towards a significant increase in respiratory rate and reduction in SpO2 at +8Gx.

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