Exploring Indices of Disordered Eating Literacy in Male and Female Athletes: Knowledge Gaps and Lay Beliefs as Predictors of Attitudes Toward Help-Seeking

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 275-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siobhain McArdle ◽  
Phil Moore
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Lay Beliefs ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

The aim of this pilot study was to explore disordered eating (DE) literacy in male and female athletes and to examine whether any gender differences were present. A related aim was to examine the moderating effect of gender on the relationship between indices of DE literacy and attitudes toward help-seeking for DE. A nonclinical sample of 133 (37% male) athletes from a variety of sports and competitive levels were recruited to complete an online questionnaire addressing a range of topics linked to DE literacy. Chi-square analysis indicated no significant gender differences on indicators of DE literacy. Findings from the survey revealed a number of beliefs conducive to low or inappropriate help-seeking for DE. The results highlight the importance of exploring DE literacy in athletes to develop more targeted interventions for this specific population.

Attitudes of Elite Athletes Toward Female Coaches in Hong Kong

2002 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mee lee Leung
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Elite Athletes ◽  
T Test ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
Individual Sports ◽  
Female Coaches

The purpose of this study was to investigate the attitudes of 130 male and female athletes toward female coaches in Hong Kong. Athletes, selected from 14 individual sports, responded to a questionnaire that included 34 attitudes’ items using a 5-point Likert Scale and a question involving preference, in which subjects indicated their preferences toward male or female coaches. An independent t-test analysis (p < .05) revealed that athletes reported a favorable attitude toward female coaches. Chi-Square analysis revealed that athletes preferred a male coach to a female coach.

scholarly journals The “business” of dentistry: Consumers’ (patients’) criteria in the selection and evaluation of dental services

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0253517
Author(s):  
Laura Gray ◽  
Lisa McNeill ◽  
Weiming Yi ◽  
Anastasia Zvonereva ◽  
Paul Brunton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Geographic Region ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Dental Services ◽  
Dental Practitioners ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

The dimensions of patient-centred care include not only clinical effectiveness and patient safety, but, importantly, the preferences of patients as consumers of healthcare services. A total of 249 participants were included in the study, with a balanced population proportional representation by age, gender, ethnicity and geographic region of New Zealand. An online questionnaire was used to identify participants’ decision-making process, and what factors and barriers for participants to seek dental treatment. Cross-tabulations, Spearman correlation analysis and Pearson Chi-Square analysis were used for the statistical analyses. Three most common reasons for visit were check-up (77%), clean (57%) and relief of pain 36%). A desire to treat a perceived problem was the most common encouraging factor to seek dental care. Cost was the most common barrier to seeking dental services. The majority of participants attended a private practice (84%), with convenience of location and referral from professionals the most likely to influence their choice. Participants felt the most important trait a dental practitioner could demonstrate was to discuss treatment options with them before any treatment. Dental check-up, teeth cleaning and relief of pain were the most common reasons for patients to choose dental services. Cost and ethnicity of the consumers had a significant impact on how dental services were perceived and sought. Dental practitioners may need to reorientate how they express value of oral health practice, not just in regard to communication with patients, but also with government funding agencies.

Mental Health Literacy, Help-Seeking Behaviour and Wellbeing in Young People: Implications for Practice

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (01) ◽  
pp. 16-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prishini Ratnayake ◽  
Chelsea Hyde
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Young People ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Mental Health Literacy ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Help Seeking Behaviour

AbstractResearch indicates that individuals who have high levels of mental health literacy engage in help-seeking for mental health issues more in comparison to those with low mental health literacy. It is therefore important to ensure that young people are able to identify signs of psychological distress and identify appropriate supports and resources when necessary. Preliminary research has identified gender differences in help-seeking and identification of mental health problems. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between mental health literacy, help-seeking intentions and wellbeing in senior high school students. The sample consisted of 22 females and 10 male students, ranging from 16–18 years. Findings indicated a positive correlation between wellbeing and general help-seeking, as well as wellbeing and help-seeking for suicidal ideation. Gender differences were identified for aspects of mental health literacy and help-seeking intentions. Results of this research have implications for practitioners in fostering positive outcomes and developing targeted interventions towards improving mental health literacy and help-seeking behaviour in the future.

scholarly journals ACL Injuries Aren’t Just for Girls: The Role of Age in Predicting Pediatric ACL Injury

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 559-563
Author(s):  
David A. Bloom ◽  
Adam J. Wolfert ◽  
Andrew Michalowitz ◽  
Laith M. Jazrawi ◽  
Cordelia W. Carter
Keyword(s):  
Female Athletes ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Acl Injury ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Acl Injuries ◽  
Acl Tear ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
Age And Sex

Background: Female athletes have a higher rate of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries than male athletes; however, the role of age in mediating this injury risk has not been explored. The purpose of this study was to characterize the relationship between age and sex in predicting ACL injury in the pediatric population. Hypothesis: Prepubescent boys are more likely to sustain an ACL injury than prepubescent girls. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiological study. Level of Evidence: Level 4. Methods: Data were collected from the Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System database for the state of New York from 1996 to 2016. The database was queried for patients aged ≤19 years who had been diagnosed with an ACL tear using the International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) code 844.2 or the ICD-10 (10th Revision) codes S83.512A/S83.511A/S83.519A. Patient age and sex at time of ACL injury diagnosis were recorded. Chi-square analysis was used to compare the frequency of ACL injury between groups, with statistical significance set at P < 0.05. Results: A total of 20,128 patients aged ≤19 years were diagnosed with an ACL tear (10,830 males, 9298 females; male:female, 1.16:1). In all, 129 patients aged <12 years sustained an ACL tear (85 boys, 44 girls; male:female, 1.93:1), and 19,999 of those patients were aged 12 to 19 years (10,745 males, 9254 females; male:female, 1.16:1). Chi-square analysis demonstrated a significant relationship between sex and age group ( P < 0.006). Additional analysis revealed that female athletes were most at risk for ACL injury from ages 12 to 16 years, with 4025 male and 5095 female athletes sustaining ACL injuries in this group (male:female, 1:1.27; P < 0.0001). Conclusion: Prepubescent boys (aged <12 years) are more likely to sustain an ACL injury than same-aged female peers. Clinical Relevance: This study demonstrates that the risk of ACL injury varies with age and sex throughout childhood and adolescence, further guiding treatment and prevention for these pediatric athletes.

scholarly journals Understanding risk factors for disordered eating symptomatology in athletes: A prospective study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0257577
Author(s):  
Hannah Stoyel ◽  
Chris Stride ◽  
Vaithehy Shanmuganathan-Felton ◽  
Lucy Serpell
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Longitudinal Design ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Sport Type ◽  
Huge Impact ◽  
And Performance ◽  
A Prospective Study

Disordered eating and eating disorders have huge impact on athletic health and performance. Understanding risk factors for disordered eating development is paramount to protecting the health and performance of these athletes. This project tested a model longitudinally to test whether body dissatisfaction (mediated by negative affect) and societal pressures (mediated by internalisation) predicted bulimic symptomatology at 1 year. The study recruited 1017 male and female athletes in a range of sports at three time points over a year. Cross-lag meditation modelling in MPLUS was utilised to test the hypothesised model. Results indicated that societal pressures mediated by general internalisation led to bulimic symptomatology and that gender and sport type do moderate the relationships. However, measurement issues indicate that scales not originally created for athletes may not reliably measure athletes’ experience. This research highlights how understanding how to better assess risk factors and disordered eating related concepts in athletes is a key next step. The study is unique in its longitudinal design and in its sampling of a wide range of sports in both male and female athletes.

scholarly journals Gamification user types and game playing preferences of university students

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-67
Author(s):  
Osman Gazi Yildirim ◽  
Nesrin Ozdener ◽  
Ali Geris
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Digital Games ◽  
Online Games ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Game Playing ◽  
State University ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

Students' widespread use of games has attracted scientists' attention, and it has been a matter of curiosity whether games can be used in education. The primary purpose of this descriptive study is to examine gamification user types of university students. In addition, the digital game playing characteristics and preferences of students were identified. The participants comprised one hundred and eighty-one (181) university students enrolled at a state university in Turkey. An online questionnaire prepared by researchers and the Gamification User Types Hexad Scale were used as data collection tools. Descriptive statistics (mean, percentage, frequency), Kruskal Wallis H, and chi-square analysis were utilized for data analysis. The results revealed that the highest ratio of students stemmed from achievers, philanthropists, and players. Furthermore,  participants mostly preferred to play online games, and most of the students played digital games daily. Keywords: Digital games, game preferences, game genre, gamification user types.

Analysis of the NWAA Swimming Classification System

1992 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gale M. Gehlsen ◽  
Joan Karpuk
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Classification System ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Class V ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Data Analyses ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Medical Classification ◽  
Post Hoc

This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of the National Wheelchair Athletic Association (NWAA) classification system in swimming events. The NWAA records of freestyle, butterfly, and backstroke in nine classifications of both male and female athletes were used (N=1,256). Each athlete’s speed was calculated from the reported time and distance. There was a significant difference in classification for all events except the paraplegic 50- and 100-m backstroke events. Post hoc data analyses within classification for the 50- and 100-m freestyle events indicated significant differences among all paraplegic classifications. Post hoc data analyses within classifications for the 50-m butterfly event indicated significant differences among all paraplegic classes except Class V and Class VI athletes. Tetraplegic within classification post hoc data analyses indicated significant differences between 1A and both Classes 1B and 1C. Gender differences were statistically indicated for all events. The logic of the medical classification system of the NWAA cannot be totally supported by these data. However, the results do not offer clear direction for any combination of classes.

Gender differences in postural balance, physical activity level, BMI, and body composition in athletes with visual impairment

2021 ◽  
pp. 026461962110099
Author(s):  
Ferhat Esatbeyoglu ◽  
Ayse Kin-İsler
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Postural Balance ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Anthropometric Measurements ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Compliant Surface ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Eyes Open

The aim of this study was to examine the gender differences in postural balance, physical activity (PA), and body mass index (BMI) and body composition in visually impaired (VI) athletes. A total of 66 athletes took part in this study. After anthropometric measurements, the PA level was assessed by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form. The modified Clinical Test of Sensory Integration and Balance tool was used to assess postural balance in four standing conditions: (1) eyes-open on a firm surface, (2) eyes-closed on a firm surface, (3) eyes-open on a compliant surface, and (4) eyes closed on a compliant surface. Findings revealed gender differences in anthropometric measurements ( p < .05). No statistically significant differences were found in fat mass and fat free mass between sighted male and VI male athletes and between sighted female and VI female athletes ( p > .05). Weekly, high and moderate PA levels as well as walking were found to be different across the four groups ( p < .05). Assessment of postural balance in four standing conditions revealed no gender differences in sighted athletes ( p > .05). Postural balance scores in conditions 1 and 3 showed significant gender differences ( p < .05), whereas conditions 2 and 4 showed no gender differences in athletes with VI ( p > .05). Gender-matched differences were also apparent in conditions 1 and 3, revealing that VI male and female athletes scored worse in these conditions than their sighted male and female counterparts ( p < .05). There is a delay in balance parameter in VI athletes even if their fitness levels are similar with their sighted counterparts. The present findings could also be useful for gender-specific training session preparations in VI sports.

Gender Differences of ICT Skills Among LIS Professionals in Universities of Tamil Nadu

2020 ◽  
pp. 243-262
Author(s):  
R. Jeyshankar
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Ict Skills ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Library Resources ◽  
Library Staff ◽  
Skills Use ◽  
High Level

The purpose of the chapter is to investigate the gender differences of ICT skills of LIS professionals working in the Universities of Tamil Nadu. The study covered 47 universities including 19 state universities, 2 central universities, and 26 deemed universities. In the present study, the data was collected from the respondents through a structured questionnaire using survey method and adopted simple random sampling. The questionnaire contains attitudes of communication skills, use of ICT and related gadgets, level of awareness/skill in the computer applications/services, attitude towards ICT implications, problems of implications of ICT, and areas of ICT skills where training is required among male and female respondents. Totally, 441 respondents are selected from these 47 universities including 325 male and 116 female respondents. The study used SPSS Ver. 23 was used for performing necessary statistical analysis means, s Ranks, Independent ‘T' Test, and Chi-Square Analysis the collected data to draw necessary inferences. It is brought to light that 100% of male and female respondents agree that they would like to know more about ICT. Around 90% of male and female respondents agree that ICT helps them to present research articles in the seminars/workshops/conferences and find it easy to select appropriate ICT resources related to work environment. About 85-90% of both female and male respondents agree that ICT motivates the library staff to learn effectively, it saves the time of the library staff in many ways, it provides high level security for library resources, and it facilitates easy information exchanges. Further, the chapter also provided a platform to LIS professionals to find out the area of focus to learn and update their ICT skills in digital environment and electronic resources by LIS professionals for efficient delivery of library services for the betterment of the library as a whole.

ASSOCIATION BETWEEN LACK OF SEX EDUCATION AND WATCHING OF ADULT THEMED CONTENT AMONGST YOUNGSTERS IN PAKISTAN

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farah Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Sex Education ◽  
Birth Control ◽  
Reproductive Rights ◽  
Human Sexuality ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Data Collection Tool ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Male And Female

Background: Sex education is based on addressing the issues relating to human sexuality or other sexual activity includes reproductive health, emotional relations, reproductive rights and responsibilities, abstinence, consent and birth control. Youngsters, a vulnerable age group, experiment and engage in risky activities such as seeking information from adult themed content and pornography sources. Since, no study has addressed this subject thus; our study aims to see if there is an association between watching of pornography and lack of sex education among youngsters in Pakistan. Methods: The sample 151 at 95% confidence level consisted of both male and female participants (ages of 16-24 years). The data collection tool used in this study was an online questionnaire. Chi square was used to develop an association between lack of sex education and watching of adult themed content. All tests were significant when p<0.05. Results: Out of 151, only 46 (30.5%) had sex education. Options regarding what the person was told or taught to learn about sex education, 12 (7.9%) marked ‘puberty and adolescence’, while 116 (76.8%) were not comfortable asking their parents or guardians about sex education. A majority 102 (67.5%) participants have watched adult themed content. Additionally, 50 (33.1%) were introduced to adult themed content through their friends whereas, 46 (30.5%) by watching movies. Conclusion: The findings of our study show that young people want to learn about their sexual health and that lack of proper sex education does lead to a buildup of curiosity, which is satisfied by going on the internet, most often misleading the seeker towards pornography and other adult themed content.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document