scholarly journals Ultrastrong photon-to-magnon coupling in multilayered heterostructures involving superconducting coherence via ferromagnetic layers

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (25) ◽  
pp. eabe8638
Author(s):  
Igor A. Golovchanskiy ◽  
Nikolay N. Abramov ◽  
Vasily S. Stolyarov ◽  
Martin Weides ◽  
Valery V. Ryazanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coupling Strength ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Microscopic Mechanism ◽  
Phase Velocities ◽  
Ferromagnetic Layers ◽  
Coupling Parameters ◽  
Efficient Information ◽  
Magnetization Precession ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Multilayered Heterostructures

The critical step for future quantum industry demands realization of efficient information exchange between different-platform hybrid systems that can harvest advantages of distinct platforms. The major restraining factor for the progress in certain hybrids is weak coupling strength between the elemental particles. In particular, this restriction impedes a promising field of hybrid magnonics. In this work, we propose an approach for realization of on-chip hybrid magnonic systems with unprecedentedly strong coupling parameters. The approach is based on multilayered microstructures containing superconducting, insulating, and ferromagnetic layers with modified photon phase velocities and magnon eigenfrequencies. The enhanced coupling strength is provided by the radically reduced photon mode volume. Study of the microscopic mechanism of the photon-to-magnon coupling evidences formation of the long-range superconducting coherence via thick strong ferromagnetic layers in superconductor/ferromagnet/superconductor trilayer in the presence of magnetization precession. This discovery offers new opportunities in microwave superconducting spintronics for quantum technologies.

scholarly journals Serving Limited English Proficient Callers: A Survey of 9-1-1 Police Telecommunicators

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 286-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren N. Carroll ◽  
Rebecca E. Calhoun ◽  
Cleo C. Subido ◽  
Ian S. Painter ◽  
Hendrika W. Meischke
Keyword(s):  
Stress Level ◽  
Limited English Proficient ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
English Speakers ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Publication Type ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Officer Safety ◽  
Efficient Information

AbstractIntroductionThe emergency telephone number 9-1-1 serves as a lifeline to the public during emergencies, and first responders rely on information gathered by 9-1-1 telecommunicators who speak with callers. Timely, accurate information from the telecommunicators is essential for providing appropriate care on scene. Language barriers can hamper these efforts and result in less efficient information exchange. Although 9-1-1 telecommunicators may access over-the-phone interpreter (OPI) services to facilitate communication, managing three-way communication during an emergency is challenging.ProblemThere is little published on the relationship between limited English proficient (LEP) callers and 9-1-1 police telecommunicators, and the role of OPI services during these calls. Further, little is known about effective strategies to manage such calls.MethodsIn King County, Washington, 9-1-1 police telecommunicators were surveyed about their experiences handling LEP calls and managing three-way communication with OPI services. The survey contained 13 multiple-choice and three open-response questions addressing communication strategies, challenges with LEP callers, and three-way communication with OPI services. Goodman-Kruskal Gamma and chi-square tests were conducted with OPI use as the dependent variable. Additional analyses were conducted using stress levels as the dependent variable.ResultsOf 123 respondents, 69 (56.5%) 9-1-1 telecommunicators reported utilizing OPI services at least 75% of the time when receiving a call from an LEP caller. Further, 35 (28.7%) of these telecommunicators reported calls with LEP individuals as more stressful than calls with fluent English speakers. Dispatcher stress level during LEP calls compared with stress during calls with fluent English speakers was positively associated with use of OPI services (P < .01). Further, stress level was also positively associated with telecommunicator difficulties in assessing the situation with respect to officer safety (P < .01). Sixty-three (58.3%) of the telecommunicators described difficulties assessing the situation to determine the appropriate response as the biggest challenge with LEP callers. Additionally, 62 (53%) identified knowing their location in English as information LEP callers need to know prior to calling 9-1-1.ConclusionThese results highlight intervention opportunities for both 9-1-1 telecommunicators and LEP communities. Together, interventions such as working with LEP communities to educate them on best communication practices during 9-1-1 calls, and with 9-1-1 telecommunicators to help them manage three-way communication and reduce stress associated with concern for officer safety may improve emergency communication during 9-1-1 calls.CarrollLN, CalhounRE, SubidoCC, PainterIS, MeischkeHW. Serving limited English proficient callers: a survey of 9-1-1 police telecommunicators. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2013;28(3):1-6.

scholarly journals COMBINING HIERARCHICAL FILTERING, FUZZY LOGIC, AND SIMULATION WITH SOFTWARE AGENTS FOR IP (INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY) SELECTION IN ELECTRONIC DESIGN

2001 ◽  
Vol 10 (03) ◽  
pp. 303-323
Author(s):  
JIAN LIU ◽  
EUGENE SHRAGOWITZ ◽  
WEI-TEK TSAI
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Software Agents ◽  
Software Agent ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Behavioral Models ◽  
Timing Diagrams ◽  
To Come ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Final Selection

SAFIPS (Software Agents for IP Selection) environment is designed to improve quality and speed of finding IPs on Internet for SoC (System-on-Chip) projects. The software agents take responsibility for establishing communication with multiple suppliers of IPs and automatically retrieve information from their databases using metalanguage (XML), and data specifications compliant with ECIX (Electronic Component Information eXchange) specifications. The communication environment is based on Dictionaries for terminology and list of parameters, and on Registry for the list and web addresses of suppliers. The information obtained by software agents is analyzed by a system of fuzzy logic rules compiled in the process of a dialog between the customer and SA. The software agent asks the customer questions and provides templates for answers. The answers are automatically converted into the membership functions and fuzzy logic rules that are applied to evaluation of potential candidate IPs. As soon as replies to the query by SA start to come, data are analyzed by software agents and IPs can be excluded from further consideration if there is drastic mismatch between expected values and IP parameters and constraints. The remaining IPs are evaluated by the hierarchical system of rules and ranks are assigned to those which passed the preliminary tests. The top candidates are subjected to simulation together with the behavioral models provided by customers under supervision of software agent. The timing diagrams obtained from simulation are going to be analyzed to evaluate their equivalence. Only after that the system presents the candidate IPs for the final selection. The main goal to save valuable design time can be achieved by such system. The text is accompanied by an example.

scholarly journals “Are You Planning to Follow Your Route?” The Effect of Route Exchange on Decision Making, Trust, and Safety

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katie Aylward ◽  
Reto Weber ◽  
Yemao Man ◽  
Monica Lundh ◽  
Scott N. MacKinnon
Keyword(s):  
Information Exchange ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Situational Awareness ◽  
Supplementary Information ◽  
Navigation Systems ◽  
Information Layer ◽  
International Regulations ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Efficient Information ◽  
Experimental Findings

The Sea Traffic Management (STM) Validation project is a European based initiative which focuses on connecting and updating the maritime world in real time, with efficient information exchange. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate two functions developed during the project: a ship to ship route exchange (S2SREX) function and rendezvous (RDV) information layer, collectively referred to as S2SREX/RDV. S2SREX displays the route segment consisting of the next seven waypoints of the monitored route of a collaborating ship and the RDV layer that predicts a meeting point. S2SREX/RDV provides supplementary information to data acquired by existing navigation systems and is intended to improve situational awareness and safety through a more comprehensive understanding of the surrounding traffic. Chalmers University of Technology and Solent University completed an experiment using twenty-four experienced navigators in bridge simulators. Six traffic scenarios were developed by subject matter experts and tested with and without S2SREX/RDV functionalities. Qualitative data were collected using post-test questionnaires and group debriefs to evaluate the participants’ perceptions of S2SREX/RDV in the various traffic scenarios, and quantitative data were collected to assess the ship distances and behavior in relation to the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea (COLREGs). The results revealed that participants generally trusted the S2SREX/RDV information, and most used S2SREX/RDV for decision support. The quantitative assessment revealed that the COLREGs were breached more often when S2SREX/RDV was used. Experimental findings are discussed in relation to safety, trust, reliance, situational awareness, and human-automation interaction constructs.

scholarly journals Quantifying efficient information exchange in real network flows

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia Bertagnolli ◽  
Riccardo Gallotti ◽  
Manlio De Domenico
Keyword(s):  
Information Exchange ◽  
Network Science ◽  
Network Flows ◽  
Complex Interplay ◽  
Exchange Information ◽  
Communication Efficiency ◽  
Efficient Information ◽  
Universal Definition ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Effective Analysis

AbstractNetwork science enables the effective analysis of real interconnected systems, characterized by a complex interplay between topology and network flows. It is well-known that the topology of a network affects its resilience to failures or attacks, as well as its functions. Many real systems—such as the Internet, transportation networks and the brain—exchange information, so it is crucial to quantify how efficiently system’s units communicate. Measures of parallel communication efficiency for weighted networks rely on the identification of an ideal version of the system, which currently lacks a universal definition. Consequently, an inattentive choice might hinder a rigorous comparison of network flows across scales or might lead to a descriptor not robust to fluctuations in the topology or the flows. We propose a physically-grounded estimator of flow efficiency valid for any weighted network, regardless of scale, nature of weights and (missing) metadata, allowing for comparison across disparate systems. Our estimator captures the effect of flows heterogeneity along with topological differences of both synthetic and empirical systems. We also show that cutting the heaviest connections may increase the average efficiency of the system and hence, counterintuively, a sparser network is not necessarily less efficient.

scholarly journals PBeiD Priority-based Information Dissemination Protocol for V2V Communication

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravi Tomar ◽  
Hanumat G Sastry ◽  
Manish Prateek
Keyword(s):  
Information Exchange ◽  
Vehicular Networks ◽  
Information Dissemination ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Network Partition ◽  
Broadcast Storm ◽  
V2v Communication ◽  
Efficient Information

Abstract In Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANET)s, efficient information dissemination plays a vital role in its successful deployment. Broadcasting has proven as one of the better ways for Information Dissemination over vehicular Networks, and cooperative behaviour among vehicles for information exchange is critical. However, the existing broadcast techniques are still suffering from multiple issues such as Broadcast storm problem, network partition problem, and network contention. Motivated from the aforementioned discussion, in this paper, we propose a Priority-based Efficient Information Dissemination Protocol (PBeiD) to improve the broadcast efficiency in VANETs. PBeiD protocol developed with a blend of probability and density-based information dissemination concepts and implemented in the testbed environment using simulation tools consisting of SUMO, OMNET++, and VEINS. The proposed protocol is compared with benchmark protocols, and the simulation is carried out based on different scenarios from sparse to dense. We found that our protocol is performing well in almost all the cases and to provide proper justification that our results are significant and not by chance, we applied statistical t-test on the results obtained.

scholarly journals A Blockchain-Based Distributed Authentication System for Healthcare

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Soumyashree S. Panda ◽  
Debasish Jena ◽  
Priti Das
Keyword(s):  
Health Information ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Digital Health ◽  
Security Requirements ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
Health Records ◽  
Secure Information ◽  
Efficient Information ◽  
Authentication System ◽  
And Performance

The use of digital health records, stricter health laws and the growing need for health records exchange points towards the need for an efficient security and privacy preserving mechanism. For Health Insurance management systems, multiple entities exchange health information which is used for decision making. Since multiple authoritative entities are involved, a secure and efficient information sharing protocol is required as extremely sensitive health information is exchanged among the entities. Hence this paper aims to put forward a novel a decentralized authentication system based on Blockchain known as Insurance Claim Blockchain (ICBChain) system. The proposed system ensures privacy of patients, provides secure information exchange and authentication of entities. An implementation of the proposed system is provided using Ethereum Blockchain. The security and performance analysis of the system shows its potential to satisfy Healthcare security requirements and its efficiency respectively

scholarly journals Multistate Active Combined Power and Message/Data Rate Adaptive Decentralized Congestion Control Mechanisms for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

2022 ◽  
Vol 2161 (1) ◽  
pp. 012018
Author(s):  
M Deeksha ◽  
Ashish Patil ◽  
Muralidhar Kulkarni ◽  
N. Shekar V. Shet ◽  
P. Muthuchidambaranathan
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Congestion Control ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Data Rate ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Rate Adaptive ◽  
Efficient Information ◽  
Hoc Networks

Abstract Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) have emerged in time to reduce on-road fatalities and provide efficient information exchange for entertainment-related applications to users in a well-organized manner. VANETs are the most instrumental elements in the Internet of Things (IoT). The objective lies in connecting every vehicle to every other vehicle to improve the user’s quality of life. This aim of continuous connectivity and information exchange leads to the generation of more information in the medium, which could congest the medium to a larger extent. Decentralized congestion control (DCC) techniques are specified to reduce medium congestion and provide various safety applications. This article presents two DCC mechanisms that adapt message rate and data rate combined with transmit power control mechanism. These mechanisms are developed under multi-state active design proposed by the standard. The proposed methods deliver better performance over other mechanisms in terms of power, channel load, and channel utilization using real-time-based scenarios by simulation in SUMO.

scholarly journals Forms and Functions of Affective Synchrony

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrienne Wood ◽  
Jennie Lipson ◽  
Fangyun Zhao ◽  
Paula Niedenthal
Keyword(s):  
Information Exchange ◽  
Social Bonds ◽  
The Self ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Emotional Information ◽  
Interpersonal Emotion Regulation ◽  
Efficient Information ◽  
Emotional Information Processing ◽  
Benefits And Costs ◽  
Over Time

[CHAPTER] The reproduction of another individual’s emotions in the self – the embodiment of perceived emotions – has been demonstrated to constitute one mechanism for emotional information processing. That is, seeing someone’s emotion expressions and using one’s own face to make the same expression helps the perceiver represent the emotion of the other. When members of a dyad mimic each other’s emotion expressions and by consequence converge in their underlying physiology over time we say that the dyad has reached a state of affective synchrony. The present chapter brings together recent theorizing and research on physiological and expressive affective synchrony. We propose affective synchrony serves three interrelated functions: it enables efficient information exchange, allows for interpersonal emotion regulation, and builds social bonds. We review evidence for the contexts in which affective synchrony arises, propose and evaluate the benefits and costs of achieving these states, and end by suggesting paths for future research in this area.

E-Governmentization

2013 ◽  
pp. 25-42
Author(s):  
JungHo Park ◽  
Greg Prombescu
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Efficient Information

The objective of this chapter is to critically evaluate the e-governmentization of administrative processes, which many developing nations have come to enthusiastically espouse. From a theoretical perspective, such a trend is ostensibly positive, as e-government serves to promote transparency and efficient information exchange, which in turn serves to stimulate more equal distributions of power, inside as well as outside the bureaucracy, and perhaps most importantly (efficiently) solicit greater citizen participation. However, such benefits associated with the proliferation of e-government are often contingent upon a host of prerequisite conditions that, often times, developing nations do not meet. Therefore, such enthusiastic attempts by developing nations to e-governmentize administrative processes may be misplaced. As such, the primary thesis of this research is that the e-governmentization of administrative processes are likely to stimulate positive effects only after a certain level of democracy has been achieved. To explore this thesis, this chapter focuses on exploring the evolution and ensuing effects of the proliferation of e-government in South Korea.

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