Flavonoids from Serratula komarovii Iljin (the Asteraceae Family)

Aims: The study aimed to evaluate the antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant activities of Matricaria pubescens. Background: Matricaria pubescens (Desf.) Shultz belongs to Asteraceae family and it is commonly used traditionally for handling diabetes mellitus. Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the antioxidant activity of Matricaria pubescens (Desf.) Shultz and its effect on lipid and lipoprotein profile in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Methods: The effect of repeated (7 days of treatment) oral administration of the aqueous extract of aerial part of Matricaria pubescens (MPAE) at a dose of 40 mg/kg on lipid and lipoprotein profile was examined in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Furthermore, a preliminary phytochemical screening and the quantification of phenolic, flavonoid and tannin contents as well as the antioxidant activity using two methods (FRAP and ABTS) were carried out. Results: MPAE demonstrated a potent antidyslipidemic effect in diabetic rats by reducing serum levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL). In addition, the results showed that the extract is rich in several phytochemical compounds and revealed an important antioxidant activity. Conclusion: In summary, this study proved that Matricaria pubescens (Desf.) Shultz. has a favorable effect on diabetic dyslipidemia.

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Effect of guaianolides in the meiosis reinitiation of amphibian oocytes

Zygote ◽

10.1017/s0967199416000265 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

pp. 10-16 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

J. Zapata-Martínez ◽

G. Sánchez-Toranzo ◽

F. Chaín ◽

C.A.N. Catalán ◽

M.I. Bühler

Keyword(s):

Biological Activities ◽

Wide Spectrum ◽

Sesquiterpene Lactones ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Biological Molecules ◽

Plant Metabolites ◽

Major Mechanism ◽

Bufo Arenarum ◽

Asteraceae Family

SummarySesquiterpene lactones (STLs) are a large and structurally diverse group of plant metabolites generally found in the Asteraceae family. STLs exhibit a wide spectrum of biological activities and it is generally accepted that their major mechanism of action is the alkylation of the thiol groups of biological molecules. The guaianolides is one of various groups of STLs. Anti-tumour and anti-migraine effects, an allergenic agent, an inhibitor of smooth muscle cells and of meristematic cell proliferation are only a few of the most commonly reported activities of STLs. In amphibians, fully grown ovarian oocytes are arrested at the beginning of meiosis I. Under stimulus with progesterone, this meiotic arrest is released and meiosis progresses to metaphase II, a process known as oocyte maturation. There are previous records of the inhibitory effect of dehydroleucodin (DhL), a guaianolide lactone, on the progression of meiosis. It has been also shown that DhL and its 11,13-dihydroderivative (2H-DhL; a mixture of epimers at C-11) act as blockers of the resumption of meiosis in fully grown ovarian oocytes from the amphibian Rhinella arenarum (formerly classified as Bufo arenarum). The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of four closely related guaianolides, i.e., DhL, achillin, desacetoxymatricarin and estafietin as possible inhibitors of meiosis in oocytes of amphibians in vitro and discuss some structure–activity relationships. It was found that the inhibitory effect on meiosis resumption is greater when the lactone has two potentially reactive centres, either a α,β–α′,β′-diunsaturated cyclopentanone moiety or an epoxide group plus an exo-methylene-γ-lactone function.

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Basic peroxidases in cell walls of plants belonging to the Asteraceae family

Journal of Plant Physiology ◽

10.1078/0176-1617-00619 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 159 (4) ◽

pp. 339-345 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Alfonso Ros Barceló ◽

Ginés J. Aznar-Asensio

Keyword(s):

Cell Walls ◽

Asteraceae Family

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Content of amino acids in raw materials of somespecies of ASTERACEAE family

Fitoterapia ◽

10.33617/2522-9680-2020-3-44 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 44-50

Author(s):

S.M. Marchyshyn ◽

◽

L.V. Slobodianiuk ◽

R.Yu. Basaraba ◽

N.А. Hudz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽

Free Amino ◽

High Performance ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Essential Amino Acids ◽

Qualitative Composition ◽

Quantitative Content ◽

First Time ◽

Asteraceae Family

Keywords: amino acids; common pussytoes; yacon; stevia; golden marigolds; leaves; herb; aster family; high performance liquid chromatography. For the first time the qualitative composition was studied and the quantitative content of amino acids in the herb of common pussytoes, yacon leaves, stevia leaves, herb of golden marigolds was determined by HPLC. 17 bound and 16 free amino acids were identified in the herb of common pussytoes, in the herb of golden marigolds, yacon leaves and stevia leaves – 12 and 5, 17 and 11 and 16 and 14 amino acids, respectively. The highest content of the sum of essential and substitute amino acids is contained in the leaves of stevia; the lowest content of the sum of essential amino – in the herb of golden marigolds, the sum of essential amino acids – in the herb of common pussytoes.

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Interference of Annual Sowthistle (Sonchus oleraceus) in Wheat

Weed Science ◽

10.1017/wsc.2019.69 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-21 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Sudheesh Manalil ◽

Hafiz Haider Ali ◽

Bhagirath Singh Chauhan

Keyword(s):

Weed Management ◽

Field Studies ◽

Integrated Weed Management ◽

Yield Reduction ◽

Sonchus Oleraceus ◽

Poor Seed ◽

Exponential Decay Model ◽

Weed Infestation ◽

Varying Environments ◽

Asteraceae Family

Abstract Annual sowthistle (Sonchus oleraceus L.) is a broadleaf weed that is increasing in prevalence in the northern cropping regions of Australia. Being a member of Asteraceae family, this weed possesses many biological attributes needed to thrive in varying environments and weed management pressure. Interference of this weed was examined in a wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) crop through field studies in 2016 and 2017. Different densities of S. oleraceus were evaluated for their potential to cause yield loss in wheat: 0.0 (weed free), low (9 to 15 plants m−2), medium (29 to 38 plants m−2), and high (62 to 63 plants m−2). Based on the exponential decay model, 43 and 52 plants m−2 caused a yield reduction of 50% in 2016 and 2017, respectively. Yield components such as panicles m−2 and grains per panicles were affected by weed density. At the high weed infestation level, S. oleraceus produced a maximum of 182,940 and 192,657 seeds m−2 in 2016 and 2017, respectively. Sonchus oleraceus exhibited poor seed retention at harvest as more than 95% of seeds were blown away by wind. Adverse effects on crop, high seed production and wind-blown dispersal may lead to an increased prevalence of this weed in the absence of an integrated weed management strategy utilizing both herbicides and non-chemical options.

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GLANDULAR TRICHOME IN THE ASTERACEAE FAMILY

BIOLINK (Jurnal Biologi Lingkungan Industri Kesehatan) ◽

10.31289/biolink.v7i2.3333 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 164-171

Author(s):

Wina Dyah Puspita Sari ◽

Cicik Suriani ◽

Dina Handayani

Keyword(s):

Morphological Structure ◽

Glandular Trichome ◽

Ageratum Conyzoides ◽

Bidens Pilosa ◽

Tridax Procumbens ◽

Synedrella Nodiflora ◽

The Tropics ◽

Diverse Plant Species ◽

Leaf Trichome ◽

Asteraceae Family

The Asteraceae is a diverse plant species and widely distributed, especially in the tropics and subtropics, consisting of 1,600 - 1,700 genera which include 24,000 - 30,000 species. Asteraceae has characteristics of cup flowers and brackets that are not owned by other plants. The objective of this study was to determine the morphological structure of plants and escpecially the leaf glandular trichome in several species of Asteraceae. The research method used was a descriptive method, to describe and interpret the shape, structure and distribution of leaf trichome in the Asteraceae family. This study used eight species of the Asteraceae family, namely Elephantopus mollis, Bidens pilosa, Tithonia deversifolia, Tridax procumbens, Synedrella nodiflora, Eclipta prostrate, Sphagneticola trilobata and Ageratum conyzoides. The observation results of trichomes at 8 species by Scanning Electrone Microscope (SEM) was obtained varied forms of trichomes, both in shape and size. From the research, it was obtained that the forms of multicellular glandular trichome with various shapes, ranging in size from 50.6 µm - 831.9 µm.

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Kasani beej (Cichorium intybus): Ayurvedic View, Folk View, Phytochemistry and Modern Therapeutic Uses

International Journal for Research in Applied Sciences and Biotechnology ◽

10.31033/ijrasb.8.2.14 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 114-125

Author(s):

Shailja Choudhary ◽

Hemlata Kaurav ◽

Gitika Chaudhary

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plant ◽

Arid Regions ◽

Sesquiterpene Lactones ◽

Cichorium Intybus ◽

Vegetable Crop ◽

Therapeutic Uses ◽

Traditional Remedy ◽

Coffee Substitute ◽

Phytochemical Constituents ◽

Asteraceae Family

Cichorium intybus is commonly known as Chicory, kasani. It is a recognized medicinal plant that belongs to the Asteraceae family. This plant is a well-known traditional herb used in various medicinal systems like Ayurveda, Unani and Siddha medicinal system to treat variety of diseases ranging from wounds to diabetes. The species is native to the European region (Mediterranean region) but can also grow in the temperate and semi-arid regions. The juice extracted from this plant is used as a traditional remedy to cure uterus cancer and tumors. The plant is well-known for its roots that are used as an additive in coffee as it provides bitterness in taste without the caffeine. It is also reported that the roots of the plant contain 40% inulin and acts as an anti-diabetic agent. Historically, the plant was cultivated by ancient Egyptians as a medicinal plant, vegetable crop, coffee substitute and also used as animal forage. Cichorium intybus contains various phytochemical constituents mainly sesquiterpene lactones, caffeic acid derivatives, inulin flavonoids, alkaloids, phenols, steroids terpenoids and many more. The reported pharmacological properties of the C. intybus plant include hepatoprotective, anti-diabetic, anti-cancerous, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, cardiovascular, antioxidant, antimicrobial, anthelmintic, antimalarial, anti-allergic and gastroprotective activities. In this review article, the medicinal and ayurvedic importance of C. intybus plant along with its phytochemicals are briefly explained.

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Peculiarities of the Transformation of Asteraceae Family Species: The Cases of Sunflower and Lettuce

Frontiers in Plant Science ◽

10.3389/fpls.2021.767459 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Flavia Soledad Darqui ◽

Laura Mabel Radonic ◽

Valeria Cecilia Beracochea ◽

H. Esteban Hopp ◽

Marisa López Bilbao

Keyword(s):

Genetic Transformation ◽

Molecular Farming ◽

Plant Biotechnology ◽

Transformation Techniques ◽

Single Compound ◽

Complete Sequencing ◽

Plant Families ◽

Transformation Vectors ◽

Asteraceae Family

The Asteraceae family is the largest and most diversified family of the Angiosperms, characterized by the presence of numerous clustered inflorescences, which have the appearance of a single compound flower. It is estimated that this family represents around 10% of all flowered species, with a great biodiversity, covering all environments on the planet, except Antarctica. Also, it includes economically important crops, such as lettuce, sunflower, and chrysanthemum; wild flowers; herbs, and several species that produce molecules with pharmacological properties. Nevertheless, the biotechnological improvement of this family is limited to a few species and their genetic transformation was achieved later than in other plant families. Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is a model species in molecular biology and plant biotechnology that has easily adapted to tissue culture, with efficient shoot regeneration from different tissues, organs, cells, and protoplasts. Due to this plasticity, it was possible to obtain transgenic plants tolerant to biotic or abiotic stresses as well as for the production of commercially interesting molecules (molecular farming). These advances, together with the complete sequencing of lettuce genome allowed the rapid adoption of gene editing using the CRISPR system. On the other hand, sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is a species that for years was considered recalcitrant to in vitro culture. Although this difficulty was overcome and some publications were made on sunflower genetic transformation, until now there is no transgenic variety commercialized or authorized for cultivation. In this article, we review similarities (such as avoiding the utilization of the CaMV35S promoter in transformation vectors) and differences (such as transformation efficiency) in the state of the art of genetic transformation techniques performed in these two species.

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Floral capitula and essential oil production analysis of chamomile (Chamomilla recutita) cultivars at different times of harvest

Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas ◽

10.17584/rcch.2018v12i2.7518 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 484-490

Author(s):

Milton S. Matsushita ◽

Cícero Deschamps ◽

Cirino Corrêa Júnior ◽

Marília P. Machado

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Chemical Constituents ◽

Harvest Time ◽

Experimental Station ◽

Plant Group ◽

The World ◽

Oil Percentage ◽

Definition Of ◽

Asteraceae Family ◽

Essential Oil Production

Chamomile [Chamomilla recutita (L.) Rauschert] belongs to the Asteraceae family and is part of a large medicinal plant group that is cultivated and used in Brazil and in the world. The objective of this study was to evaluate the floral capitula productivity and essential oil content and composition of four cultivars of chamomile in three harvesting periods. The experiment was conducted at the Canguiri Experimental Station (UFPR) from May 15th to September 9th, 2015. Four cultivars of chamomile were evaluated, from commercial products purchased in different countries: Twinings (England), Auchan (Spain), Lipton (Scotland) and Mandirituba (Brazil), which is traditionally grown in Paraná. The experiment design used randomized blocks in a 4×3 factorial scheme (4 cultivars and 3 harvesting periods), with four replicates. At 96 days after planting, manual harvests were performed, for a total of three harvests. After each harvest, the floral chapters were dried. The extraction of the essential oil and the identification of the chemical constituents of the essential oil were carried out in the Laboratory of Ecophysiology of UFPR. The harvest time affected the productivity of the floral capitula and essential oil, being higher in the first (276.9 and 0.71 kg ha-1, respectively) and third harvests (262.6 and 0.77 kg ha-1, respectively). The cultivars and harvests did not influence the essential oil percentage (0.22 to 0.29%) obtained from the floral capitula; however, they contributed to the definition of the produced chemical compound.

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