AutomatedPlasmodiumdetection by the Sysmex XN hematology analyzer

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (7) ◽  
pp. 594-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cécile Dumas ◽  
Anne-Lise Bienvenu ◽  
Sandrine Girard ◽  
Stéphane Picot ◽  
Gisèle Debize ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malaria Infection ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Febrile Patient ◽  
Blood Smears ◽  
Hematology Analyzer ◽  
Mature Neutrophil ◽  
Complete Blood Counts ◽  
New Generation

BackgroundMalaria is a potentially severe disease affecting nearly 200 million people per year. Early detection of the parasite even in unsuspected patients remains the challenging aim for effective patient care. Automated complete blood counts that are usually performed for any febrile patient might represent a tool to ascertain malaria infection.AimsTo evaluate the ability of the new generation of the Sysmex hematology analyzer (XN-series) to detect malaria.MethodsWe retrospectively studied 100 blood samples performed with the recent Sysmex XN analyzer that were positive forPlasmodiumand explored its ability to detect the parasite. 100 samples from patients uninfected by malaria were used as control group.ResultsSpecific abnormalities such as additional events in the mature neutrophil/eosinophil area of the white blood cells differential (WDF) scattergram were noted for 1.1% ofPlasmodium falciparumsamples and 56.2% of otherPlasmodiumspecies samples. Mature parasite stages (schizonts or gametocytes) were observed on blood smears among those samples. WDF scattergrams were able to detect 80.0% (12/15) ofPlasmodiummature stages. Furthermore, the differential in white blood counts between WDF and white cell nucleated (WNR) channels was a predictive signal ofPlasmodiummature stages in 73.3% (11/15) of samples and may be explained by a differential destruction of particles with the analyzer reagent.ConclusionAssociated to thrombocytopaenia, a Sysmex XNPlasmodiumpattern may represent a useful warning forPlasmodiumdetection in unsuspected patients, particularly when mature parasite stages are present.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF THE COMBINATION OF PASAK BUMI ROOT AND PROPOLIS EXTRACTS ON PARASITEMIA LEVELS IN MICE INFECTED WITH PLASMODIUM BERGHEI

2019 ◽  
pp. 268-271
Author(s):  
NUR HASANAH ◽  
HENDRI ASTUTY
Keyword(s):  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Plasmodium Berghei ◽  
Malaria Infection ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Propolis Extract ◽  
Blood Smears ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Global Concern

Objective: Malaria infection remains a global concern due to increasing resistance to artemisinin-based combination therapy. This study examinedthe antimalarial effects of propolis extract alone and in combination with pasak bumi root extract.Methods: In the study, 30 mice were divided into six groups including two control groups, two groups of mice treated with propolis aloneat concentrations of 90 and 180 mg/kg body weight (BW), and two combination groups of mice treated with 90 or 180 mg/kg BW propolis incombination with 60 or 75 mg/kg BW pasak bumi, respectively. Plasmodium berghei 2% was injected into each mouse, and blood smears wereprepared after 8 days to assess parasitemia.Results: The results revealed no significant difference in parasitemia levels between the positive control and the two combination groups (p=0.136 and0.289, respectively). However, superior growth inhibition (GI) results were observed in the combination groups (97.97% and 97.83%, respectively)than in the propolis monotherapy groups, whereas better outcomes were observed in the positive control group (98.63% GI) than in the propolismonotherapy groups (23.88% and 51.66%, respectively).Conclusion: These results illustrate that combination therapy is superior to propolis monotherapy in inhibiting parasitemia.

Differentiation of acute pyelonephritis from other febrile states in children using urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (uNGAL)

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jadranka Arambašić ◽  
Sanja Mandić ◽  
Željko Debeljak ◽  
Dario Mandić ◽  
Vesna Horvat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pyelonephritis ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Neutrophil Gelatinase Associated Lipocalin ◽  
Neutrophil Gelatinase

AbstractAcute pyelonephritis is a severe disease which is sometimes difficult to recognize based on clinical symptoms and routinely available diagnostic tests, especially in young children. The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic value of urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (uNGAL) as a biomarker of acute pyelonephritis.In this case-control study we analyzed 134 children (median age 2.5 years) who were admitted to the Pediatric Clinic of University Hospital Centre Osijek, Croatia. Eighty of them had acute pyelonephritis, while 54 children had febrile state of different etiology including cystitis and they represented the control group. uNGAL, white blood cells, C-reactive protein, urinanalysis, urine culture, kidney ultrasound and a dimercaptosuccinic acid scintigraphic scan were done for each child. uNGAL was measured using chemiluminiscent microparticle immunoassay on ARHITECT i1000SR (Abbott Diagnostics, IL, USA).uNGAL values were significantly higher in children with acute pyelonephritis compared to the control groups (113.6 ng/mL vs. 10.2 ng/mL, p<0.001). A receiver operating characteristic curve comparison was done for tested parameters and encouraging results were obtained for uNGAL (AUC=0.952). A cut-off value of 29.4 ng/mL had 92.5% sensitivity and 90.7% specificity. We showed that uNGAL can also serve in differentiating acute pyelonephritis from cystitis (cut-off 38.5 ng/mL), and for differentiation of cystitis from febrile states with etiology other than urinary tract infection (UTI) (cut-off 20.4 ng/mL).uNGAL can be a useful diagnostic biomarker in acute pyelonephritis in children, but also in differentiating cystitis from febrile states other than UTI.

scholarly journals The utility of basic blood counts, WBC histogram and C-reactive protein in detecting malaria

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Nishimura ◽  
Parag Dharap ◽  
Sebastien Raimbault
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
Malaria Infection ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Hematology Analyzer ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background Hematology analyzers display abnormal parameters during malaria infection providing insightful information for suspecting and assessing malaria infection. The goal of this study is to demonstrate the potential of a three-part differential hematology analyzer to assess malaria, provide information about the parasitemia, and discuss the importance of combining C-reactive protein (CRP) with hematology parameters to obtain further information about the malaria infection. Methods The present study shows the results of a case–control study during the monsoon season of years 2018 and 2019 in Mumbai, India. The study considers 1008 non-malaria febrile cases, 209 P. vivax and 31 P. falciparum positive malaria samples, five cases of mixed P. vivax and P. falciparum infection, and three co-infection cases of P. vivax and dengue. Raw data from the three-part analyzer LC-667G CRP (HORIBA) and the corresponding microscopic findings (golden standard for diagnosis of malaria) were obtained for each sample. Results The medians of platelet counts (PLT) were 102.5, 109.0, and 223.0 × 103/µL, while CRP medians were 67.4, 81.4 and 10.4 mg/L in P. vivax, P. falciparum and control groups respectively (p < 0.001 in Mann–Whitney U tests between malaria and control groups). Compared with negative samples, platelets counting less than 161.5 × 103/µL were observed on malaria patients (OR 19.12, 95% CI 11.89–30.75). Especially in P. vivax cases, an abnormal peak was frequently observed in the white blood cells (WBC) histogram around the 37fL channel. The events counted around that channel showed a linear correlation with the counting of red blood cells infected predominantly with larger parasitic forms. Parameters like CRP (rs = 0.325, p < 0.001), WBC (rs = 0.285, p < 0.001) and PLT (rs = − 0.303, p < 0.001) were correlated with the parasitemia of P. vivax samples. Between the malaria and dengue groups, the highest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was observed on CRP (0.867, CRP ≥ 26.85 mg/L). Conclusions A three-part differential hematology analyzer has the potential to not only trigger malaria diagnosis confirmation but also assess the severity of the infection when CRP is considered.

scholarly journals The use of a hematology analyzer with a new generation of software as an alternative to flow cytometry for enumerating residual white blood cells in blood components

Transfusion ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Alejo Blanco ◽  
Chloe Cavagnetto ◽  
Laura Willmott ◽  
Elif Aydogdu ◽  
Nicola Akinyemi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Components ◽  
Hematology Analyzer ◽  
New Generation

scholarly journals Peripheral Blood Examination Findings in SARS-CoV-2 Infection

2020 ◽  
Vol 154 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alia Nazarullah ◽  
Christine Liang ◽  
Andrew Villarreal ◽  
Russell A Higgins ◽  
Daniel D Mais
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Flow Cytometric Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Flow Cytometry Data ◽  
Blood Smears ◽  
Complete Blood Counts ◽  
Peripheral Blood Smears

Abstract Objectives Peripheral blood abnormalities in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have not been fully elucidated. We report qualitative and quantitative peripheral blood findings in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients and compare them with a control group. Methods We reviewed electronic medical records, complete blood counts, peripheral blood smears, and flow cytometry data in 12 patients with SARS-CoV-2. These were compared with 10 control patients with symptoms suspicious for SARS-CoV-2 but who tested negative. Results No significant differences were noted in blood counts, except that absolute lymphopenia was present frequently in the control group (P &lt; .05). Acquired Pelger-Huët anomaly (APHA) was noted in all COVID-19 cases, in most cases affecting over 5% of granulocytes. This contrasted with APHA in only 50% of control cases, affecting fewer than 5% of granulocytes in all cases (P &lt; .05). Monolobate neutrophils were exclusive to COVID-19 cases. COVID-19 patients had greater frequency of plasmacytoid lymphocytes (P &lt; .05). Flow cytometry data revealed absolute CD3+ T-cell count reduction in 6 of 7 patients; all of them required mechanical ventilation. Conclusions Lymphopenia was infrequent in our COVID-19 cohort; however, flow cytometric analysis revealed absolute T-cell count reduction in most cases. COVID-19 cases had significant APHA with monolobate neutrophils and plasmacytoid lymphocytes as compared to controls.

Influence of DAFS-25+polizon composition on blood and functional state of liver of steers at fattening

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
Inna R. Kilmetova ◽  
◽  
Igor A. Rodin ◽  
Nazira I. Khayrullina ◽  
Nikolay G. Fenchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional State ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Stimulation Of

Summary. The disbalanced feeding and the uneven distribution of micro- and macroelements in the environment leads to a trace element, in particular hypomelanosis. To accelerate the growth and preservation of young farm animals include in the diet of various biological additives and drugs, which include selenium. For stimulation of weight gain in the livestock industry, as well as for the prevention and treatment of pathological processes in addition to micro - and macrouse amino acids, primarily methionine. The aim of this work was to study the influence of composition of DAFS-25+Polizon on morpho-biochemical parameters of blood and functional state of the liver in fattening bulls of black-motley breed in the conditions of the Republic of Bashkortostan. Experiments using were conducted on bull-calves of black-motley breed of the properties in the properties age from 6 to 15 months. The first experimental group during the experiment was additionally given the composition of DAFS-25+Polizon at a dose of 2 mg/kg, the animals of the control group received a standard diet. To assess the impact of the composition DAFS-25+Polizon on metabolism cattle studied morphological and biochemical indicators of blood and conducted histological examination of the liver. It is established that the use of the composition of DAFS-25+Polizon at a dose of 2 mg/kg increases the number of erythrocytes and hemoglobin in the experimental group and reduces the amount of white blood cells. The serum content of total protein, phosphorus and calcium increases in the group of experimental animals. Microscopic examination of the liver revealed no changes in the structure of the organ and hepatocytes in the experimental group, whereas in the control group hemodynamic disorders and dystrophic changes in liver cells were observed. Thus, the use of the composition DAFS-25+Polizon at a dose of 2 mg/kg of live weight in fattening bulls black-and-white breed contributes to the increase of redox processes in the body, stimulation of metabolism, prevent the development of liver disorders of cellular mechanisms of metabolism, optimizes the structure of the liver, which generally provides higher productivity.

Oxidative burst and phagocytic activity of phagocytes in canine parvoviral enteritis

2021 ◽  
pp. 104063872110255
Author(s):  
Kelly du Preez ◽  
Yolandi Rautenbach ◽  
Emma H. Hooijberg ◽  
Amelia Goddard
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Burst ◽  
Phagocytic Activity ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Burst Activity ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Oxidative Burst Activity ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Complete Blood Counts ◽  
Serum Crp

Canine parvoviral enteritis (CPE) is a severe disease characterized by systemic inflammation and immunosuppression. The function of circulating phagocytes (neutrophils and monocytes) in affected dogs has not been fully investigated. We characterized the functional capacity of canine phagocytes in CPE by determining their oxidative burst and phagocytic activities using flow cytometry. Blood was collected from 28 dogs with CPE and 11 healthy, age-matched, control dogs. Oxidative burst activity was assessed by stimulating phagocytes with opsonized Escherichia coli or phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and measuring the percentage of phagocytes producing reactive oxygen species and the magnitude of this production. Phagocytosis was measured by incubating phagocytes with opsonized E. coli and measuring the percentage of phagocytes containing E. coli and the number of bacteria per cell. Complete blood counts and serum C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations were also determined. Serum CRP concentration was negatively and positively correlated with segmented and band neutrophil concentrations, respectively. Overall, no differences in phagocyte function were found between dogs with CPE and healthy control dogs. However, infected dogs with neutropenia or circulating band neutrophils had decreased PMA-stimulated oxidative burst activity compared to healthy controls. Additionally, CPE dogs with neutropenia or circulating band neutrophils had decreased PMA- and E. coli–stimulated oxidative burst activity and decreased phagocytosis of E. coli compared to CPE dogs without neutropenia or band neutrophils. We conclude that phagocytes have decreased oxidative burst and phagocytic activity in neutropenic CPE dogs and in CPE dogs with circulating band neutrophils.

scholarly journals PIM2 and NF-κβ gene expression in a sample of AML and ALL Egyptian patients and its relevance to response to treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shymaa Kamal El Din Abed El Rahman ◽  
Sanaa Sayed Abd Elshafy ◽  
Mohamed Samra ◽  
Hala Mohammed Ali ◽  
Rabab Afifi Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Overall Survival ◽  
Acute Leukemia ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Poor Overall Survival ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Complete Blood Counts

Abstract Background The relation between PIM2 and the transcriptional factor NF κβ have been controversial in literature. The significance of PIM2 and NF-κβ genes expression on the incidence of acute leukemia (AML and ALL) and its relevance to the response rate was evaluated. Sixty de novo acute leukemia patients were stratified in 2 groups: 30 acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and 30 acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients and compared to 30 sex- and age-matched controls. The expression level of PIM2 and NF κβ genes was measured using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (QRT-PCR). The patients were followed with clinical examination and complete blood counts. Results The expression level of PIM2 gene was significantly higher in AML patients (P<0.001) compared to the control group. The mean expression level of NF κβ gene was significantly high in AML and ALL patients compared to the healthy control group (P=0.037 and P<0.001; respectively). The overall survival in AML patients was higher in NF κβ gene low expressers compared to high expressers (P=0.047). The number of AML patients who achieved complete remission was significantly higher in PIM2 gene low expressers in comparison to PIM2 gene high expressers (P=0.042). Conclusion PIM2 and NF κβ genes might have a role in the pathogenesis of acute leukemia, poor overall survival, and failure of response to induction therapy.

scholarly journals Hepatic steatosis: a risk factor for increased COVID-19 prevalence and severity—a computed tomography study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asmaa Ali ◽  
Mona Hasan ◽  
Shaimaa Hamed ◽  
Amir Elhamy
Keyword(s):  
Hepatic Steatosis ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Severe Pneumonia ◽  
Liver Disorder ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
World Population ◽  
Positive Class ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background Around 25% of the world population was affected by the metabolic-related fatty liver disorder. Hepatic steatosis is frequently observed in conjunction with hypertension, obesity comorbidities, and diabetes. We evaluate the hepatic steatosis frequency found in chest CT exams of COVID-19-positive cases compared to non-infected controls and evaluate the related increased prevalence and severity of COVID. Results Our research includes 355 subjects, 158 with positive PCR for COVID-19 (case group) and 197 with negative PCR and negative CT chest (control group). The mean age in the positive group was 50.6 ± 16 years, and in the control, it was 41.3 ± 16 years (p < 0.001). Our study consists of 321 men (90.5%) and 34 women (9.5%). The number of males in both cases and control groups was greater. In the case group, 93% men vs. 6.9% women, while in controls, 88.3% men vs.11.6% women, p < 0.001. CT revealed normal results in 55.5% of individuals (i.e., CORADs 1) and abnormal findings in 45.5% of participants (i.e., CORADs 2–5). In abnormal scan, CO-RADs 2 was 13.92%, while CO-RADs 3–4 were 20.89% of cases. CO-RADs 5 comprised 65.19% of all cases. Approximately 42.6% of cases had severe disease (CT score ≥ 20), all of them were CO-RADs 5. The PCR-positive class had a greater prevalence of hepatic steatosis than controls (28.5% vs.12.2%, p < 0.001). CO-RADs 2 represented 11.1%, CO-RADs 3–4 represented 15.6%, and CO-RADs 5 represented 73.3% in the hepatic steatosis cases. The mean hepatic attenuation value in the case group was 46.79 ± 12.68 and in the control group 53.34 ± 10.28 (p < 0.001). When comparing patients with a higher severity score (CT score ≥ 20) to those with non-severe pneumonia, it was discovered that hepatic steatosis is more prevalent (73.2% vs. 26.8%). Conclusions Steatosis was shown to be substantially more prevalent in COVID-19-positive individuals. There is a relation among metabolic syndrome, steatosis of the liver, and obesity, as well as the COVID-19 severity.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Early Onset Sepsis, Complete Blood Count, and Antibiotic Use in Gastroschisis

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (04) ◽  
pp. 385-389
Author(s):  
Sadie Williams ◽  
Matthew Leonard ◽  
Eric Hall ◽  
Jose Perez ◽  
Jacqueline Wessel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Onset ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Typically Develop ◽  
Early Onset Sepsis ◽  
Mature Neutrophil ◽  
Reliable Marker ◽  
Culture Positive

Objective Gastroschisis is a congenital defect in which the abdominal viscera herniate through the abdominal wall. In this population, antibiotics are often initiated immediately following delivery; however, this may be unnecessary as infections typically develop as a consequence of chronic issues in gastroschisis. The objective of this study was to evaluate the incidence of culture positive early onset sepsis, the reliability of the immature to mature neutrophil count (I:T) ratio as an infectious biomarker, and antibiotic use in infants with gastroschisis. Study Design This retrospective chart review analyzed clinical data from 103 infants with gastroschisis and 103 weight-matched controls that were evaluated for early onset infection. Results Compared with the control group, there was a significantly increased percentage of infants with an I:T ratio > 0.2 in the gastroschisis group (43% vs. 12%, p < 0.001) and an increased percentage of infants exposed to greater than 5 days of antibiotics regardless of their I:T ratio (75% vs. 6%, p < 0.001). There were no episodes of culture positive early onset sepsis in either group. Conclusion Our results indicate that I:T ratio is not a reliable marker of infection in gastroschisis, and suggest that empiric septic evaluation and antibiotic use, immediately following delivery in gastroschisis infants, may be unnecessary.

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