Temporo-spacial microanatomical distribution of the murine sodium-dependent ascorbic acid transporters Slc23a1 and Slc23a2 in the kidney throughout development

The two membrane transporters Slc23a1 and Slc23a2 mediate ascorbic acid uptake into cells. We recently determined the key role of Slc23a1 in renal re-absorption of ascorbic acid in a knockout mouse model. However, the renal spatial and temporal expression patterns of murine Slc23a1 and Slc23a2 are not defined. This study utilizes database evidence combined with experimental confirmation via in-situ hybridization to define the spatial and temporal expression of Slc23a1 in the murine kidney. Slc23a1 is expressed in the early proximal tubule, but not in its precursors during embryonic development, and exclusive proximal tubular expression persists throughout the animal’s lifetime. In contrast, Slc23a2 is uniformly expressed in metabolic cell types such as stromal cells. The expression patterns appear to be conserved from rodent lineages to humans.

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Overview of the Role of Cell Wall DUF642 Proteins in Plant Development

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms20133333 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (13) ◽

pp. 3333 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

José Erik Cruz-Valderrama ◽

Ximena Gómez-Maqueo ◽

Alexis Salazar-Iribe ◽

Esther Zúñiga-Sánchez ◽

Alejandra Hernández-Barrera ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Wall ◽

Plant Development ◽

Expression Patterns ◽

Cell Types ◽

Pectin Methyl Esterase ◽

Temporal Expression ◽

Temporal Expression Pattern ◽

Different Cell Types ◽

Cell Wall Properties

The DUF642 protein family is found exclusively in spermatophytes and is represented by 10 genes in Arabidopsis and in most of the 24 plant species analyzed to date. Even though the primary structure of DUF642 proteins is highly conserved in different spermatophyte species, studies of their expression patterns in Arabidopsis have shown that the spatial-temporal expression pattern for each gene is specific and consistent with the phenotypes of the mutant plants studied so far. Additionally, the regulation of DUF642 gene expression by hormones and environmental stimuli was specific for each gene, showing both up- and down-regulation depending of the analyzed tissue and the intensity or duration of the stimuli. These expression patterns suggest that the DUF642 genes are involved throughout the development and growth of plants. In general, changes in the expression patterns of DUF642 genes can be related to changes in pectin methyl esterase activity and/or to changes in the degree of methyl-esterified homogalacturonans during plant development in different cell types. Thus, the regulation of pectin methyl esterases mediated by DUF642 genes could contribute to the regulation of the cell wall properties during plant growth.

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Combined Microautoradiography–16S rRNA Probe Technique for Determination of Radioisotope Uptake by Specific Microbial Cell Types In Situ

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.65.4.1746-1752.1999 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 65 (4) ◽

pp. 1746-1752 ◽

Cited By ~ 237

Author(s):

Cleber C. Ouverney ◽

Jed A. Fuhrman

Keyword(s):

In Situ Hybridization ◽

16S Rrna ◽

Microbial Communities ◽

Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization ◽

Amino Acid Uptake ◽

Cell Types ◽

Black Box ◽

Acid Uptake ◽

Substrate Uptake

ABSTRACT We propose a novel method for studying the function of specific microbial groups in situ. Since natural microbial communities are dynamic both in composition and in activities, we argue that the microbial “black box” should not be regarded as homogeneous. Our technique breaks down this black box with group-specific fluorescent 16S rRNA probes and simultaneously determines 3H-substrate uptake by each of the subgroups present via microautoradiography (MAR). Total direct counting, fluorescent in situ hybridization, and MAR are combined on a single slide to determine (i) the percentages of different subgroups in a community, (ii) the percentage of total cells in a community that take up a radioactively labeled substance, and (iii) the distribution of uptake within each subgroup. The method was verified with pure cultures. In addition, in situ uptake by members of the α subdivision of the class Proteobacteria(α-Proteobacteria) and of the Cytophaga-Flavobacteriumgroup obtained off the California coast and labeled with fluorescent oligonucleotide probes for these subgroups showed that not only do these organisms account for a large portion of the picoplankton community in the sample examined (∼60% of the universal probe-labeled cells and ∼50% of the total direct counts), but they also are significant in the uptake of dissolved amino acids in situ. Nearly 90% of the total cells and 80% of the cells belonging to the α-Proteobacteria and Cytophaga-Flavobacterium groups were detectable as active organisms in amino acid uptake tests. We suggest a name for our triple-labeling technique, substrate-tracking autoradiographic fluorescent in situ hybridization (STARFISH), which should aid in the “dissection” of microbial communities by type and function.

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Transcriptome-Wide Analyses Provide Insights into Development of the Hedychium Coronarium Flower, Revealing Potential Roles of PTL

10.21203/rs.3.rs-75413/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Tong Zhao ◽

Alma Piñeyro-Nelson ◽

Qianxia Yu ◽

Xiaoying Hu ◽

Huanfang Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

In Situ Hybridization ◽

Flower Development ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Expression Patterns ◽

Floral Organ ◽

Mrna In Situ Hybridization ◽

Hedychium Coronarium ◽

Organ Identity

Abstract Background:The flower of Hedychium coronarium possesses highly specialized floral organs: a synsepalous calyx, petaloid staminodes and a labellum. The formation of these organs is controlled by two gene categories: floral organ identity genes and organ boundary genes, which may function individually or jointly during flower development. Although the floral organogenesis of H. coronarium has been studied at the morphological level, the underlying molecular mechanisms involved in its floral development still remain poorly understood. In addition, previous works analyzing the role of MADS-box genes in controlling floral organ specification in some Zingiberaceae did not address the molecular mechanisms involved in the formation of particular organ morphologies that emerge later in flower development, such as the synsepalous calyx formed through intercalary growth of adjacent sepals. Results:Here, we used comparative transcriptomics combined with Real-time quantitative PCR and mRNA in situ hybridization to investigate gene expression patterns of ABC-class genes in H. coronarium flowers, as well as the homolog of the organ boundary gene PETAL LOSS (HcPTL). qRT-PCR detection showed that HcAP3 and HcAG were expressed in both the petaloid staminode and the fertile stamen. mRNA in situ hybridization showed that HcPTL was expressed in developing meristems, including cincinnus primordia, floral primordia, common primordia and almost all new initiating floral organ primordia.Conclusions:Our studies found that stamen/petal identity or stamen fertility in H. coronarium was not necessarily correlated with the differential expression of HcAP3 and HcAG. We also found a novel spatio-temporal expression pattern for HcPTL mRNA, suggesting it may have evolved a lineage-specific role in the morphogenesis of the Hedychium flower. Our study provides a new transcriptome reference and a functional hypothesis regarding the role of a boundary gene in organ fusion that should be further addressed through phylogenetic analyzes of this gene, as well as functional studies.

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Effects of the maternal factor Zelda on zygotic enhancer activity in the Drosophila embryo

10.1101/385070 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Xiao-Yong Li ◽

Michael B. Eisen

Keyword(s):

Binding Sites ◽

Expression Patterns ◽

Drosophila Embryo ◽

Temporal Expression ◽

Reporter Construct ◽

Limited Effect ◽

Enhancer Activity ◽

Maternal Factor ◽

Anterior Posterior

AbstractThe maternal factor Zelda is broadly bound to zygotic enhancers during early fly embryogenesis, and has been shown to be important for the expression of a large number of genes. However, its function remains poorly understood. Here, we carried out detailed analysis of the functional role of Zelda on the activities of a group of enhancers that drive patterned gene expression along the anterior -posterior axis. We found that among these enhancers, only one lost its activity entirely when all its Zelda bind sites were mutated. For all others, mutations of all of their Zelda binding sites only had limited effect, which varied temporally and spatially. These results suggest that Zld may exert a quantitative effect on a broad range of enhancers, which presumably is critical to generate highly diverse spatial and temporal expression patterns for different genes in the developmental gene network in fly embryo. Lastly, we found that the observed effect of Zelda site mutations was much stronger when a mutant enhancer was tested using a BAC based reporter construct than a simple reporter construct, suggesting that the effect of Zld is dependent on chromatin environment.

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Expression and Function Studies of CYC/TB1-Like Genes in the Asymmetric Flower Canna (Cannaceae, Zingiberales)

Frontiers in Plant Science ◽

10.3389/fpls.2020.580576 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Author(s):

Qianxia Yu ◽

Xueyi Tian ◽

Canjia Lin ◽

Chelsea D. Specht ◽

Jingping Liao

Keyword(s):

Flower Development ◽

Expression Patterns ◽

Asymmetric Distribution ◽

Inflorescence Architecture ◽

Flower Primordia ◽

Fertile Stamen ◽

Spatiotemporal Expression ◽

And Function

The asymmetric flower, lacking any plane of symmetry, is rare among angiosperms. Canna indica L. has conspicuously asymmetric flowers resulting from the presence of a half-fertile stamen, while the other androecial members develop as petaloid staminodes or abort early during development. The molecular basis of the asymmetric distribution of fertility and petaloidy in the androecial whorls remains unknown. Ontogenetic studies have shown that Canna flowers are borne on monochasial (cincinnus) partial florescences within a racemose inflorescence, with floral asymmetry likely corresponding to the inflorescence architecture. Given the hypothesized role of CYC/TB1 genes in establishing floral symmetry in response to the influence of the underlying inflorescence architecture, the spatiotemporal expression patterns of three Canna CYC/TB1 homologs (CiTBL1a, CiTBL1b-1, and CiTBL1b-2) were analyzed during inflorescence and floral development using RNA in situ hybridization and qRT-PCR. In the young inflorescence, both CiTBL1a and CiTBL1b-1 were found to be expressed in the bracts and at the base of the lateral florescence branches, whereas transcripts of CiTBL1b-2 were mainly detected in flower primordia and inflorescence primordia. During early flower development, expression of CiTBL1a and CiTBL1b-1 were both restricted to the developing sepals and petals. In later flower development, expression of CiTBL1a was reduced to a very low level while CiTBL1b-1 was detected with extremely high expression levels in the petaloid androecial structures including the petaloid staminodes, the labellum, and the petaloid appendage of the fertile stamen. In contrast, expression of CiTBL1b-2 was strongest in the fertile stamen throughout flower development, from early initiation of the stamen primordium to maturity of the ½ anther. Heterologous overexpression of CiTBL genes in Arabidopsis led to dwarf plants with smaller petals and fewer stamens, and altered the symmetry of mature flowers. These data provide evidence for the involvement of CYC/TB1 homologs in the development of the asymmetric Cannaceae flower.

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Mucin mRNA Expression in Normal and Vasomotor Inferior Turbinates

American Journal of Rhinology ◽

10.2500/105065897781446685 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 293-302 ◽

Cited By ~ 59

Author(s):

Michelle R. Aust ◽

Cathy S. Madsen ◽

Anita Jennings ◽

Jan L. Kasperbauer ◽

Sandra J. Gendler

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Tract ◽

Expression Patterns ◽

Inferior Turbinate ◽

Cell Types ◽

Upper Respiratory Tract ◽

Vasomotor Rhinitis ◽

Disease States ◽

Multiple Cell ◽

Nasal Secretions

Mucins are the major glycoprotein component of respiratory tract secretions. Little is known about their expression in the upper respiratory tract. In order to define this expression, in situ hybridization was performed on 19 normal and 4 vasomotor rhinitis (VMR) inferior turbinates to identify mucin mRNA. MUC1, MUC2, MUC4, MUC5AC, MUC5B, and MUC7 were expressed in both the normal and VMR turbinates. MUC 4 and MUC5AC were the most highly expressed mucins. MUC1, MUC2, MUC4, and MUC5AC were expressed mainly by the epithelial border, whereas MUC5B and MUC7 were expressed by the submucosal glands. MUC1 and MUC4 exhibited a diffuse expression by multiple cell types along the mucosal border, whereas MUC2 and MUC5AC expression appeared to be limited to a subpopulation of epithelial cells, most likely goblet cells. Although MUC1, MUC4, and MUC5AC showed sporadic submucosal glandular expression, MUC5B and MUC7 appeared to be the predominant submucosal gland mucins in the inferior turbinates. MUC3 and MUC6 expression, which have been found primarily in the gastric mucosa, were not seen in any of the inferior turbinate samples examined. The only difference seen between normal and VMR turbinates was a slight decrease in MUC1 expression in the VMR group. The variety of mucins expressed and the diversity of their expression patterns may have significance in terms of the rheologic and particle clearance properties of nasal secretions. Understanding the expression patterns in normal turbinates will serve as the foundation for further study of these mucins in disease states.

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Progesterone supplementation extends uterine receptivity for blastocyst implantation in mice

Reproduction ◽

10.1530/rep-06-0330 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 133 (2) ◽

pp. 487-493 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Haengseok Song ◽

Kyuyong Han ◽

Hyunjung Lim

Keyword(s):

Cell Proliferation ◽

Embryo Transfer ◽

Thymidine Incorporation ◽

Expression Patterns ◽

Physiological Changes ◽

Uterine Receptivity ◽

Blastocyst Implantation ◽

Progesterone Supplementation

We previously showed that blastocyst can initiate implantation beyond the normal ‘window’ of uterine receptivity on day 5 of pregnancy and pseudopregnancy (PSP) in mice. In this study, we investigated whether uterine receptivity for blastocyst implantation can be further extended on day 6 of PSP and the role of progesterone (P4) on this event. Embryo transfers, experimentally induced decidualization,in situhybridization and [3H]thymidine incorporation were performed. Blastocysts initiate attachment reaction within 48 h when transferred on day 5, but not on day 6 of PSP. Likewise, decidualization reaction occurred on days 4 and 5 of PSP, but completely failed on day 6. However, P4supplementation partially retains uterine receptivity for blastocyst implantation and decidualization on day 6 of PSP. In addition, certain indicators of uterine receptivity, such as cell proliferation profile and expression patterns of implantation-related genes were similarly observed on days 4 and 5 of PSP, but not on day 6. Consistent with embryo transfer and decidualization, exogenous administration of P4partially restores these indicators on day 6 of PSP. We concluded that critical physiological changes occur between days 4 and 5 of PSP, leading to uterine non-receptivity on day 6, but P4is able to extend the uterine receptivity through day 6.

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Autoregulation Is Essential for Precise Temporal and Steady-State Regulation by the Bordetella BvgAS Phosphorelay

Journal of Bacteriology ◽

10.1128/jb.01684-06 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 189 (5) ◽

pp. 1974-1982 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Corinne L. Williams ◽

Peggy A. Cotter

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Steady State ◽

Response Regulator ◽

Expression Patterns ◽

State Regulation ◽

Temporal Expression ◽

Multiple Gene ◽

Insight Into

ABSTRACT The Bordetella BvgAS virulence control system is prototypical of phosphorelays that use a polydomain sensor and a response regulator to control gene expression in response to environmental cues. BvgAS controls the expression of at least three distinct phenotypic phases (Bvg−, Bvgi, and Bvg+) by differentially regulating the expression of at least four classes of genes. Among the loci regulated by BvgAS is bvgAS itself. We investigated the role of autoregulation in the ability of BvgAS to control multiple gene expression patterns in a temporal and steady-state manner by constructing Bordetella bronchiseptica strains in which the bvgAS promoter was replaced with constitutively active promoters. Our results show that positive autoregulation of bvgAS transcription is required for the temporal expression of multiple phenotypic phases that occurs in response to a shift from Bvg−-phase conditions to Bvg+-phase conditions. Autoregulation was also shown to contribute to steady-state regulation; it influences the sensitivity of the system in response to subtle differences in signal intensity. In addition, considered in relation to BvgA and BvgS activities demonstrated in vitro, our results provide insight into how BvgA and BvgS function mechanistically.

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Intermediate Filaments as Potential Target for Cancer 2 Treatment

10.20944/preprints201912.0253.v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Katerina Strouhalova ◽

Magdalena Přechová ◽

Aneta Gandalovičová ◽

Jan Brábek ◽

Martin Gregor ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cancer Progression ◽

Intermediate Filaments ◽

Expression Patterns ◽

Cell Types ◽

Cellular Migration ◽

Migration And Invasion ◽

Cancer Cell Migration ◽

Metastasis Formation ◽

Related Proteins

Intermediate filaments constitute the third component of the cellular skeleton. Unlike actin and microtubule cytoskeletons, the intermediate filaments are composed of wide variety of structurally related proteins showing distinct expression patterns in tissues and cell types. Changes in expression patterns of intermediate filaments are often associated with cancer progression, in particular with phenotypes leading to increased cellular migration and invasion. In this review we will describe the role of vimentin intermediate filaments in cancer cell migration, cell adhesion structures, and metastasis formation. The potential for targeting vimentin in cancer treatment and the development of drugs targeting vimentin will be reviewed.

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A spatial atlas of inhibitory cell types in mouse hippocampus

10.1101/431957 ◽

2018 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Xiaoyan Qian ◽

Kenneth D. Harris ◽

Thomas Hauling ◽

Dimitris Nicoloutsopoulos ◽

Ana B. Muñoz-Manchado ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Spatial Organization ◽

Memory Function ◽

Expression Patterns ◽

Ground Truth ◽

Spatial Arrangement ◽

Cell Types ◽

Cell System ◽

Inhibitory Neurons ◽

Hippocampal Area

Understanding the function of a tissue requires knowing the spatial organization of its constituent cell types. In the cerebral cortex, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has revealed the genome-wide expression patterns that define its many, closely related cell types, but cannot reveal their spatial arrangement. Here we introduce probabilistic cell typing by in situ sequencing (pciSeq), an approach that leverages prior scRNA-seq classification to identify cell types using multiplexed in situ RNA detection. We applied this method to map the inhibitory neurons of hippocampal area CA1, a cell system critical for memory function, for which ground truth is available from extensive prior work identifying the laminar organization of subtly differing cell types. Our method confidently identified 16 interneuron classes, in a spatial arrangement closely matching ground truth. This method will allow identifying the spatial organization of fine cell types across the brain and other tissues.

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