Comparative phenology of mistletoes shows effect of different host species and temporal niche partitioning

Botany ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-282
Author(s):  
Luíza Teixeira-Costa ◽  
Fábio Machado Coelho ◽  
Gregório Cardoso Tápias Ceccantini
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Niche Partitioning ◽  
Sympatric Species ◽  
Host Tree ◽  
Leaf Production ◽  
Symbiotic Interactions ◽  
Leaf Flush ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Semiquantitative Method

The study of plant phenology deals with seasonal events and how these are influenced by environmental factors, including symbiotic interactions. Considering host–mistletoe associations, our goal was to analyze the potential effects of host tree deciduousness on the life cycle of a mistletoe. Thus, Struthanthus martianus Dettke & Waechter was analyzed while growing upon a deciduous host tree and upon an evergreen one. We also compared the phenology of S. martianus with that of a closely related and sympatric species, Struthanthus flexicaulis (Mart. ex Schult. f.) Mart., growing upon a different but also evergreen host. Reproductive and vegetative phenological events were recorded during a three year period following a semiquantitative method. Circular statistical analysis was employed to compare phenological patterns. The peak of leaf production in S. martianus was observed to depend on host deciduousness, as the population infesting a deciduous host showed significant leaf flush during host defoliation. When comparing S. martianus and S. flexicaulis, nearly opposite patterns of flowering and fruiting phenology were recorded. Based on these observations, we conclude that Struthanthus species show niche partitioning to avoid competition. Additionally, we observed that the relationship established with different hosts can alter the mistletoe phenology. This observation highlights the uniqueness of the each host–mistletoe relationship.

scholarly journals BMI-1 Expression Heterogeneity in Endometriosis-Related and Non-Endometriotic Ovarian Carcinoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 6082
Author(s):  
Ludmila Lozneanu ◽  
Raluca Anca Balan ◽  
Ioana Păvăleanu ◽  
Simona Eliza Giuşcă ◽  
Irina-Draga Căruntu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Ovarian Carcinoma ◽  
Clinicopathological Characteristics ◽  
Cell Phenotype ◽  
Epithelial Tumor ◽  
Normal Organ ◽  
Ovarian Carcinogenesis ◽  
Cellular Signaling Pathway ◽  
The Relationship

BMI-1 is a key component of stem cells, which are essential for normal organ development and cell phenotype maintenance. BMI-1 expression is deregulated in cancer, resulting in the alteration of chromatin and gene transcription repression. The cellular signaling pathway that governs BMI-1 action in the ovarian carcinogenesis sequences is incompletely deciphered. In this study, we set out to analyze the immunohistochemical (IHC) BMI-1 expression in two different groups: endometriosis-related ovarian carcinoma (EOC) and non-endometriotic ovarian carcinoma (NEOC), aiming to identify the differences in its tissue profile. Methods: BMI-1 IHC expression has been individually quantified in epithelial and in stromal components by using adapted scores systems. Statistical analysis was performed to analyze the relationship between BMI-1 epithelial and stromal profile in each group and between groups and its correlation with classical clinicopathological characteristics. Results: BMI-1 expression in epithelial tumor cells was mostly low or negative in the EOC group, and predominantly positive in the NEOC group. Moreover, the stromal BMI-1 expression was variable in the EOC group, whereas in the NEOC group, stromal BMI-1 expression was mainly strong. We noted statistically significant differences between the epithelial and stromal BMI-1 profiles in each group and between the two ovarian carcinoma (OC) groups. Conclusions: Our study provides solid evidence for a different BMI-1 expression in EOC and NEOC, corresponding to the differences in their etiopathogeny. The reported differences in the BMI-1 expression of EOC and NEOC need to be further validated in a larger and homogenous cohort of study.

scholarly journals Noni fruit’s water spot appearance on the second day of harvest: a trade-off between resistance and energy

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tian Wu ◽  
Danyan Hu ◽  
Qingfen Wang
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Morinda Citrifolia ◽  
Transcriptome Data ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Kegg Pathways ◽  
Available Energy ◽  
Climacteric Fruit ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract Background Noni (Morinda citrifolia Linn.) is a tropical tree that bears climacteric fruit. Previous observations and research have shown that the second day (2 d) after harvest is the most important demarcation point when the fruit has the same appearance as the freshly picked fruit (0 d); however, they are beginning to become water spot appearance. We performed a conjoint analysis of metabolome and transcriptome data for noni fruit of 0 d and 2 d to reveal what happened to the fruit at the molecular level. Genes and metabolites were annotated to KEGG pathways and the co-annotated KEGG pathways were used as a statistical analysis. Results We found 25 pathways that were significantly altered at both metabolic and transcriptional levels, including a total of 285 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 11 differential metabolites through an integrative analysis of transcriptomics and metabolomics. The energy metabolism and pathways originating from phenylalanine were disturbed the most. The upregulated resistance metabolites and genes implied the increase of resistance and energy consumption in the postharvest noni fruit. Most genes involved in glycolysis were downregulated, further limiting the available energy. This lack of energy led noni fruit to water spot appearance, a prelude to softening. The metabolites and genes related to the resistance and energy interacted and restricted each other to keep noni fruit seemingly hard within two days after harvest, but actually the softening was already unstoppable. Conclusions This study provides a new insight into the relationship between the metabolites and genes of noni fruit, as well as a foundation for further clarification of the post-ripening mechanism in noni fruit.

scholarly journals Foraging niche partitioning in sympatric seabird populations

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Petalas ◽  
Thomas Lazarus ◽  
Raphael A. Lavoie ◽  
Kyle H. Elliott ◽  
Mélanie F. Guigueno
Keyword(s):  
Interspecific Competition ◽  
Niche Partitioning ◽  
Niche Differentiation ◽  
Sympatric Species ◽  
Foraging Strategies ◽  
Gps Tracking ◽  
Seabird Species ◽  
Foraging Range ◽  
Common Murre ◽  
Prey Items

AbstractSympatric species must sufficiently differentiate aspects of their ecological niche to alleviate complete interspecific competition and stably coexist within the same area. Seabirds provide a unique opportunity to understand patterns of niche segregation among coexisting species because they form large multi-species colonies of breeding aggregations with seemingly overlapping diets and foraging areas. Recent biologging tools have revealed that colonial seabirds can differentiate components of their foraging strategies. Specifically, small, diving birds with high wing-loading may have small foraging radii compared with larger or non-diving birds. In the Gulf of St-Lawrence in Canada, we investigated whether and how niche differentiation occurs in four incubating seabird species breeding sympatrically using GPS-tracking and direct field observations of prey items carried by adults to chicks: the Atlantic puffin (Fratercula arctica), razorbill (Alca torda), common murre (Uria aalge), and black-legged kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla). Although there was overlap at foraging hotspots, all species differentiated in either diet (prey species, size and number) or foraging range. Whereas puffins and razorbills consumed multiple smaller prey items that were readily available closer to the colony, murres selected larger more diverse prey that were accessible due to their deeper diving capability. Kittiwakes compensated for their surface foraging by having a large foraging range, including foraging largely at a specific distant hotspot. These foraging habitat specialisations may alleviate high interspecific competition allowing for their coexistence, providing insight on multispecies colonial living.

Innovation and Corporate Social Responsibility in SMEs

2015 ◽  
Vol 808 ◽  
pp. 359-363
Author(s):  
Cristina Feniser ◽  
Florin Lungu
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Open Innovation ◽  
Social Goals ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Rational Management ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
Qualitative Exploration ◽  
Whole Life Cycle ◽  
The Relationship

So far little attention has been given the differences or the compatibilities between CSR and innovation. Few works treats CSR in combination with innovation. What exactly is the relationship between CSR and innovation? Recent phenomena such as open innovation is based on the concept that the stakeholder's dialogue that overlaps with some dimensions of CSR. Being innovative means to bring organizational and technical improvements which will translate into a better position in the market. These improvements don't just aim the product, but the process by which it is obtained and its whole life-cycle. We're talking about a new approach to innovation, namely its orientation towards sustainability. Although SMEs have many features which facilitate implementation of CSR, activities of this type in such organizations are still limited. SMEs managers often make choices that are related to rational management. This leads to divergence between economical and social goals. Through a qualitative exploration of the concepts of CSR and innovation, we wanted to find out from some managers whether there is a link between innovation and CSR in SMEs and whether the activities corresponding to the two concepts overlap in a certain measure.

scholarly journals The survival of business takeovers and new venture start-ups

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 797-826
Author(s):  
Guoqian Xi ◽  
Jörn Block ◽  
Frank Lasch ◽  
Frank Robert ◽  
Roy Thurik
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Firm Survival ◽  
Organizational Ecology ◽  
New Venture ◽  
Firm Characteristics ◽  
Entry Modes ◽  
Survival Patterns ◽  
Start Ups ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Business takeovers and new venture start-ups are two important and distinct entry modes of entrepreneurship. They differ from resource-based and organizational ecology perspectives. We compare firm survival patterns and determinants associated with the two entry modes. From two large French datasets, we find that business takeovers have a higher survival rate than new venture start-ups. However, these differences in survival probability reduce over the entrepreneurship life cycle and when controlling for different entrepreneur and firm characteristics. Moreover, we identify differences in determinants of survival for the two groups, highlighting a distinction between the two entrepreneurship entry modes. This work contributes to the literature on the relationship between entrepreneurship entry and firm survival, thereby contributing to both entrepreneurship and firm survival research.

Civil engineers’ personal values/demographics linkage in project team building

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 1337-1349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atilla Damci ◽  
David Arditi ◽  
Gul Polat
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Personal Values ◽  
Team Building ◽  
Project Teams ◽  
Team Leaders ◽  
Content Type ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Civil Engineers

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between civil engineers’ demographics (e.g. age, marital status, education, work experience) and their personal values. The objective was to predict civil engineers’ personal values based on their demographics. Design/methodology/approach A questionnaire survey was administered to civil engineers to collect data on their demographics and their personal values. Statistical analysis was performed to verify whether a significant statistical relationship exists between civil engineers’ demographics and their personal values. Findings The most important and the least important personal values were identified for civil engineers. Statistical analysis indicated that civil engineers’ values do vary based on their demographics. Research limitations/implications The results of this study cannot be generalized, because individuals’ personal values and demographics are, by definition, local. Location and culture may affect the personal values of civil engineers. Practical implications Team leaders normally have access to information about the demographics of the engineers they employ; based on the results of this study, they should be able to predict their personal values, and to make more informed decisions when appointing them to particular positions on project teams. Originality/value The research presented in this paper, establishes for the first time, that a linkage exists between civil engineers’ personal values and their demographics, and makes it easier for team leaders to make assignment decisions.

Temporal variation in the weight-size relationship of the mangrove crab Ucides cordatus L. (Decapoda: Ucididae) in relation to its life cycle phases

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 333-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos de Miranda Leão Leite ◽  
Cynthia Yuri Ogawa ◽  
Carla Ferreira Rezende ◽  
José Roberto Feitosa Silva
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Condition Factor ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
Total Weight ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Annual Life Cycle ◽  
Ucides Cordatus ◽  
Mangrove Crab ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between weight and size of individuals can be used to evaluate the status of a population, which is particularly useful for natural populations that are being exploited. Ucides cordatus occurs on the Atlantic coast of the American continent, from Florida (USA) to Santa Catarina (Brazil). This species is economically very important, most of all in the Northeastern area of Brazil, as well as in the Dominican Republic and Suriname. The objective of this study was to analyze life phases (‘fattening’, ‘matumba’, ‘milk-crab’, ‘maturation’ and ‘walking’) by use of the weight-length relationships, as well as temporal variations in this condition factor for each sex of U. cordatus. For this purpose, individuals were sampled monthly for twenty-four months at the Jaguaribe River estuary, Ceará State, Northeastern Brazil. The relationship between total weight and cephalothorax width was established using regression analysis, adjusted by a power equation. The dynamics of the condition factor were analyzed for each sex using the variation of its averages related to annual life cycle; this was done for each of the previously-mentioned phases. The relationship between total weight and cephalothorax width showed an isometric growth in males and negative allometric growth in females suggesting that, for the same reference size, males are heavier than females. When considering the average of the female condition factors, these were greater than those for males during the annual life cycle, except during the ‘maturation’ phase, which is the phase with a higher demand of energetic reserves for males. Annual variation of the condition factor in females presented no significant difference.

INSTAGRAM SEBAGAI MEDIA EDUKASI PENINGKATAN PENGETAHUAN KESEHATAN GIGI DAN MULUT

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-56
Author(s):  
Ratna Sari Dyah ◽  
Lies Elina
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Online Media ◽  
Hygiene Behavior ◽  
Increasing Knowledge ◽  
Quota Sampling ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Oral Hygiene Behavior

Knowledge of how to maintain proper dental health will greatly affect the incidence of dental caries, brushing and rinsing teeth - gargling is one of the behaviors to maintain oral hygiene. behavior based on correct knowledge will last longer than behavior that is not based on knowledge, an effort to increase knowledge is through health education. Online media is one of the educational media to increase knowledge of dental and oral health. The type of research in this study is a comparative comparative analysis or "causal-comparative". Quota sampling technique sampling, the research location was conducted in SMA N 3 Bandar Lampung ..as many as 100 people. The research variable was the online media instagram in increasing knowledge of caries. Statistical analysis used the T-test to see the relationship between Instagram in increasing knowledge. The results showed instagram can that there was a role for online media education in increasing knowledge of cavities.

The Roles of Features and Abstraction in Mechanical Design

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
LeRoy E. Taylor ◽  
Mark R. Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Engineering Design ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Mechanical Design ◽  
Product Modeling ◽  
Product Models ◽  
Mechanical Products ◽  
Unique Framework ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract This paper describes the roles of features and abstraction mechanisms in the mechanical design process, mechanical designs, and product models of mechanical designs. It also describes the relationship between functions and features in mechanical design. It is our experience that many research efforts exist in the areas of design and product modeling and, further, that these efforts must be cataloged and compared. To this end, this paper culminates with the presentation of a multi-dimensional abstraction space which provides a unique framework for (a) comparing mechanical engineering design research efforts, (b) relating conceptual objects used in the life cycle of mechanical products, and (c) defining a product modeling space.

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