Impact of occasional overtime on construction labor productivity: quantitative analysis

2007 ◽  
Vol 34 (7) ◽  
pp. 803-808 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rifat Sonmez
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Labor Productivity ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Past Research ◽  
T Test ◽  
Productivity Data ◽  
Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Impact

Scheduled and occasional overtime practices have been used frequently in the construction industry. Past research indicated that continuous scheduled overtime could have a negative effect on labor productivity. The impact of occasional overtime on productivity is generally expected to be less than the impact of scheduled overtime. However, few studies have evaluated the effects of occasional overtime on productivity, which is the main objective of this paper. Productivity data for 234 weeks were collected for quantitative analysis. The t test was performed initially to determine the statistical significance of the impact of occasional overtime. The assessment of productivity data samples revealed possible deviations from the normal distribution. The Wilcoxon rank sum test was implemented as an alternative to the t test. The results of quantitative analysis indicate that moderate levels of occasional overtime did not have a significant impact on productivity. Based on the findings in this study, the potential advantages of occasional overtime practices are discussed.Key words: construction industry, labor productivity, occasional overtime, normality.

scholarly journals Influence of tourist flows intensity on market of passenger air carriages

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 02006
Author(s):  
Yuliia Lola ◽  
Mariya Aldoshyna
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
The State ◽  
T Test ◽  
Direct Connection ◽  
Tourist Flows ◽  
Economic Regions ◽  
The Impact

This research deals with the impact of intensity of inbound and outbound tourism on the sphere of passenger air carriages, based on the dataset that covers the indicators across different economic regions over the period of 2015-2017. The results based on building a correlation-regression model have shown that there is a close connection between tourism development and passenger carriages intensity. Verification of the model by the criteria of Fisher and Student (F-test and t-test) have proved the hypothesis about its statistical significance only after excluding five countries, for which no direct connection is observed between the chosen indictors. Further research has shown that the level of the country economic development does not influence the passenger air carriages industry. Specific attention is paid to the state and main tendencies of passenger air carriages industry in Ukraine. Impact of tourism on this kind of activity is analysed. The basic measures to increase its efficiency are highlighted.

scholarly journals Impact of Demonetization Process on the Performance of Nifty

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-30
Author(s):  
Mohd. Shamim
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
T Test ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Periodic Review ◽  
Paired Sample ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Future Policy ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Statistical Results

This paper investigates the impact of demonetization process on the performance of Nifty 50 and its Sectorial Indices. The study uses data of closing prices from 28 June 2016 up to 20 March 2017. The study employs descriptive statistics, paired sample T test and ANOVA to evaluate the impact of demonetization process on the performance of Nifty 50 and its Sectorial Indices. It has found that there is statistical significance at the level of 5% that Nifty 50 dropped after the demonetization event as compared to the pre demonetization event. Further, the results reveal that most of Sectorial Indices of Nifty 50 sloped downward post demonetization event and the significance of the statistical results are varied from one sector to another. It is recommended that periodic review of the policy should be made to iron out the negative impacts of demonetization. Also, it is imperative to evaluate the impact of demonetization on the short, medium, and long run to avoid any grey areas for any future policy regarding cashless economy or demonetization.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Rektrukturisasi Kredit di Masa Pandemi Covid-19 Terhadap Pendapatan pada Perusahaan Perbankan Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Muhammad Reza Septriawan ◽  
Sri Mulyani ◽  
M Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Hypothesis Testing ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
T Test ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Research Model ◽  
Financial Reports ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
The Impact

The research will look at the impact of credit restructuring on the income of banks in Indonesia. This research was conducted with a quantitative approach, with reference to the data used is secondary data, in the form of financial reports of all banking issuers (45 issuers) which are reported and summarized on the official website of the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI). The results of hypothesis testing using the t test show a significance value of 0.00 <0.05 with a coefficient value of -1.260, which means that credit restructuring has a negative effect on bank income, it can be concluded that the credit restructuring variable (X) partially has a negative effect on the income variable. (Y). The higher the credit restructuring, the lower the income of banking companies listed on the IDX. The result of the coefficient of determination shows the ability of the independent variable to explain the variation of the dependent variable of 0.945 or 94.5%, which means that the effect of credit restructuring (X) on income (Y) is 94.5% and the remaining 5.5% is influenced by other variables outside of this research model.

scholarly journals Exploring the Impact of Individualized Research Consultations Using Pre and Posttesting in an Academic Library: A Mixed Methods Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsey Sikora ◽  
Karine Fournier ◽  
Jamie Rebner
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Confidence Level ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Academic Library ◽  
Search Strategies ◽  
T Test ◽  
Search Techniques ◽  
Confidence Levels ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objective – Academic librarians consistently offer individualized help to students and researchers. Few studies have empirically examined the impact of individualized research consultations (IRCs). For many librarians, IRCs are an integral part of their teaching repertoire. However, without any evidence of an IRC’s effectiveness or value, one might ask if it’s worth investing so much time and effort. Our study explored the impact of IRCs on students' search techniques and self-perceived confidence levels. We attempted to answer the following questions: 1) Do IRCs improve students’ information searching techniques, including the proper use of keywords and/or subject headings, the accurate use of Boolean operators, and the appropriate selection of specialized resources/databases? 2) Do IRCs influence students’ confidence level in performing effective search strategies? Methods – Our study used a mixed-methods approach. Our participants were students from the Faculties of Health Sciences and Medicine at the University of Ottawa, completing an undergraduate or graduate degree, and undertaking a research or thesis project. Participants were invited to complete two questionnaires, one before and one after meeting with a librarian. The questionnaires consisted of open-ended and multiple choice questions, which assessed students' search techniques, their self-perceived search techniques proficiency and their confidence level. A rubric was used to score students' open-ended questions, and self-reflective questions were coded and analyzed for content using the software QSR NVivo. Results – Twenty-nine completed pre and posttests were gathered from February to September 2016. After coding the answers using the rubric, two paired-samples t-tests were conducted. The first t-test shows that students’ ability to use appropriate keywords was approaching statistical significance. The second t-test showed a statistically significant increase in students’ ability to use appropriate search strings from the pretest to the posttest. We performed a last paired-samples t-test to measure students’ confidence level before and after the appointment, and a statistically significant increase in confidence level was found. Conclusion – Out of three paired t-tests performed, two showed a statistically significant difference from the pretest to the posttest, with one t-test approaching statistical significance. The analysis of our qualitative results also supports the statement that IRCs have a positive real impact on students’ search techniques and their confidence levels. Future research may explore specific techniques to improve search strategies across various disciplines, tips to improve confidence levels, and exploring the viewpoint of librarians.  

scholarly journals E-Learning perception and satisfaction among health sciences students amid the COVID-19 pandemic

Work ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 549-556
Author(s):  
Maria S. Abbasi ◽  
Naseer Ahmed ◽  
Batool Sajjad ◽  
Abdullah Alshahrani ◽  
Sumera Saeed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Health Sciences ◽  
T Test ◽  
P Value ◽  
Exit Exams ◽  
Health Sciences Students ◽  
E Learning ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND: E-learning is increasingly used during the COVID-19 pandemic, however the impact of this change on students is not known. This study aimed to evaluate perception and satisfaction of health sciences students towards E-learning during the COVID-19 lockdown. METHODS: A structured questionnaire was distributed to 2000 health care students either through email or social media platforms. The questionnaire was divided into two sections: the first section addressed demographic information such as age, education level, course of study, number of lectures attended and country. The second section gathered information on perception and satisfaction of students using 13 close-ended questions. Frequencies and percentages were assessed for demographic data, perception and satisfaction level of students. The paired sample t-test, independent t test and Spearman correlation were applied to evaluate statistical significance between different variables of the study. A p-value of <0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: Data from 1255 participants were included at a response rate of 66.4%. More than one third (37%) of the students took 25 or more online E-learning sessions and 47% preferred Zoom as an online platform. Participants belonged to 11 countries from developed and developing nations. 41% reported interference of E-learning due to network problems. 60% considered that clinical and practical skills are best learned in clinics and laboratories. More than one third of the students preferred classroom teaching and 34% of the students did not feel confident enough to take exit exams after E-learning sessions. CONCLUSION: E-learning satisfaction levels were better among developed countries (7.34) compared to developing countries (5.82). The majority of participants agreed that E-learning was satisfactory in acquiring knowledge, however not effective in acquiring clinical and technical skills. As the COVID-19 lockdown eases, there is a need for improvement in the methods employed in E-learning and more blended learning among healthcare students is recommended.

scholarly journals Going Viral

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (112) ◽  
Author(s):  
Serhan Cevik
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
International Tourism ◽  
Model Framework ◽  
Health Infrastructure ◽  
Advanced Economies ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Tourism Flows

This paper develops a gravity model framework to estimate the impact of infectious diseases on bilateral tourism flows among 38,184 pairs of countries over the period 1995–2017. The results confirm that international tourism is adversely affected by disease risk, and the magnitude of this negative effect is statistically and economically significant. In the case of SARS, for example, a 10 percent rise in confirmed cases leads to a reduction of as much as 9 percent in tourist arrivals. Furthermore, while infectious diseases appear to have a smaller and statistically insignificant negative effect on tourism flows to advanced economies, the magnitude and statistical significance of the impact of infectious diseases are much greater in developing countries, where such diseases tend to be more prevalent and health infrastructure lags behind.

scholarly journals The impact of stock market on enterprise capital structure in ASEAN developing countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1359-1367
Author(s):  
Thuan Nguyen ◽  
Loc Tram ◽  
Nguyễn Thanh Liêm
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Stock Market ◽  
Capital Structure ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Market Development ◽  
Stock Market Development ◽  
Market Capitalization ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Stock Market Capitalization

Capital structure is one of the topics in which business managers as well as academics are always interested, because it has many important implications. This problem in developing countries is even more relevant due to the low level of financial development in these countries, leading to uncertain access to external capital by firms. This paper focuses on the impact of stock market development on capital structure in five developing countries in ASEAN, namely Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand and Vietnam, for the period 2010 - 2018. Stock market development is measured in four different ways: Stock market capitalization to GDP (MACAP), total value of shares traded to GDP (LIQ1), total value of shares traded to stock market capitalization (LIQ2) and average of the three indexes (STOCK). The results show that development of stock market has different impacts on capital structure, depending on the measures used to reflect the stock market development. Specifically, MACAP, LIQ2 and STOCK do not reach statistical significance, while LIQ1 has a negative effect. In addition, firm size (SIZE), tangible assets (TANG), growth opportunities (TOBINQ), inflation (INF) and GDP growth (GDPGR) positively affect capital structure; while firms' profit (ROA) has negative effect. Based on the research findings, the research offers several implications for relevant stakeholders.

scholarly journals Impact of Merger on HDFC Bank Financial Performance: A CAMEL Analysis Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Shweta Yadav ◽  
Jonghag Jang
Keyword(s):  
Financial Performance ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
T Test ◽  
Analysis Approach ◽  
Paired Sample ◽  
Research Technique ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact

The main purpose of this study is to examine the impact on financial performance of HDFC Bank before and after the merger and to compare the pre and post-merger effect caused on its financial performance by CAMEL Analysis. The data used in the study is secondary data covering total time period of ten years which include five year prior merger (2003-2008) and five year of post-merger period (2009-2014). The research technique used in this study is CAMEL Analysis. Paired sample T-test has been also conducted to check the statistical significance difference between before and after merger CAMEL ratios and to measure the effect of merger on financial performance. The result showed that the financial performance of HDFC increased after the merger and positively impacted by the act of merger.

scholarly journals Moral Rights Laws and Income Disparity Between Artists in High and Low GDP States

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Avanesov ◽  
Robert Hodgson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
T Test ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Moral Rights ◽  
Difference In Differences ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact

The United States' laissez-faire approach to moral rights legislation has left many academics questioning the impact that these laws have on artists' welfare. In using artists' income as one component of measuring overall well-being, states with additional statewide moral rights legislation have been shown to contribute to more significant artist losses, in contrast to states with only federal legislation. At the same time, moral rights laws have been shown to have no impact on artists' choice of residency, leaving some artists possibly disadvantaged regarding their choice of residency. Utilizing a difference in differences framework, this paper explores the impact of moral rights legislation on artists' weekly incomes between moral rights states of varying outputs of GDP. Although results suggested that artists would lose approximately $0.18 per one billion dollar increase in GDP at the statewide level, after conducting an additional t-test, these findings were shown to have no statistical significance. Several limitations, most prominently a lack of data availability in the pre-law values required for the difference in differences framework, may have contributed to these findings. These indeterminate results leave the question of whether some artists remain economically disadvantaged as a result of moral rights legislation uncertain.  

scholarly journals Male Barroom Aggression among Members of the Australian Construction Industry: Associations with Heavy Episodic Drinking, Trait Variables and Masculinity Factors

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 6769
Author(s):  
Steven Litherland ◽  
Peter Miller ◽  
Nic Droste ◽  
Kathryn Graham
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Heavy Drinking ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Heavy Episodic Drinking ◽  
Personality Profiles ◽  
Conformity To Masculine Norms ◽  
Masculine Norms ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
The Impact

Introduction and Aims: Past research indicates heavy episodic drinking (HED), trait aggression, male honour and conformity to masculine norms are risk factors for male barroom aggression (MBA) perpetration. However, little is known about the impact of these variables on experiences of MBA victimization. Further, data derived previously, particularly in relation to perpetration have come from relatively low-risk samples comprising university students, limiting the generalizability of findings to other, at-risk male groups. Thus, the present study assessed the impact of the aforementioned variables as well as personality constructs of impulsivity and narcissism on both the perpetration of and victimization from MBA among a high-risk sample sourced from male members of the Australian construction industry. Method: A purposive sample of Australian male construction workers aged 18 to 69 years (n = 476, Mage = 25.90, SDage = 9.44) completed individual interviews at their current place of employment or while training at various trade schools in Geelong and Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Items related to past month HED, past year experiences of verbal and physical MBA (perpetration and victimization), trait aggression’s four factors (physical, verbal, anger, hostility), impulsivity, narcissism, male honour and conformity to masculine norms. Results: Participants reported high levels of verbal (24.2%) and physical (21%) MBA perpetration and verbal (33.6%) and physical (31.1%) MBA victimization. Hierarchical binary logistic regression analyses identified HED as the strongest predictor of aggression involvement, while trait physical aggression, trait anger, narcissism and conformity to norms endorsing violence and a need to win were significantly and positively associated with MBA perpetration. Conclusions: The present study reinforces the key relationships between heavy drinking and aspects of personality and MBA, while also highlighting narcissism as a risk factor for barroom aggression perpetration. Indeed, personality profiles and HED appear to exert stronger influences on MBA perpetration than socially constructed masculinity factors, most of which were unrelated to aggression involvement in bars, clubs or pubs.

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