Dynamics of quark-bag vibrations: validity of the adiabatic approximation

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 260-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Nogami ◽  
Lauro Tomio
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Adiabatic Approximation ◽  
Inertial Mass ◽  
Roper Resonance ◽  
First Excited State ◽  
Quark Level ◽  
Quark System ◽  
The Masses ◽  
Insight Into

In order to gain an insight into the nature of possible quark–bag vibrations, we consider a schematic "dynamical bag model" for hadrons. The model consists of a spherical bag with an ad hoc inertial mass and surface tension, and the quarks it contains. The bag and quarks are both treated nonrelativistically, and the Schrödinger equation for the coupled bag–quark system is solved. It is found that the adiabatic approximation, which is meant for a bag much heavier than the quark, describes the first excited state of the bag vibration quite well even if the masses of the bag and quark are comparable. This bag excitation simulates the Roper resonance in the nucleon sector. For a bag level which is nearly degenerate with a quark level (of the same parity, etc.) in the adiabatic approximation, the approximation naturally fails.

Designing an Energy Efficient Scheme in MANET using Reconfigurable Directional (RDA) Algorithm

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 92
Author(s):  
Rinkle Chhabra ◽  
Anuradha Saini
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Setup Time ◽  
Directional Antennas ◽  
Directional Antenna ◽  
Efficient Scheme ◽  
Primary Focus ◽  
Hoc Networks ◽  
Energy Gains ◽  
Insight Into

Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANET) are autonomous, infrastructure less and self-configuring networks. MANETs has gained lots of popularity due to on the fly deployment i.e. small network setup time and ability to provide communication in obstreperous terrains. Major challenges in MANETs include routing, energy efficiency, network topology control, security etc. Primary focus in this article is to provide method and algorithm to ensure significant energy savings using re-configurable directional antennas. Significant energy gains can be clinched using directional antenna. Key challenges while using directional antenna are to find destination location, antenna focusing, signal power and distance calculations. Re-configurable directional antenna can ensure significant energy gains if used intelligently. This article provides a brief insight into improved energy savings using re-configurable directional antennas and an associated algorithm

scholarly journals Ad Hoc or Institutional Arbitration - A Clear-Cut Distinction? A Closer Look at Borderline Cases

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrich G. Schroeter
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Present Contribution ◽  
Borderline Cases ◽  
Institutional Rules ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Core Characteristics ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Mix And Match

It is generally accepted in both theory and practice of arbitration that there are two basic forms of arbitration, ad hoc and institutional. This long established dichotomy has rarely been questioned, and it has mostly worked well in international arbitration practice.The present contribution investigates the traditional distinction between ad hoc and institutional arbitration in more detail by looking at "borderline cases", i.e. constellations that cannot easily be allocated to one of these two categories. Four groups of borderline cases are discussed: (1) UNCITRAL arbitrations, in particular those administered by arbitral institutions; (2) cases in which the parties have chosen institutional rules, but not the issuing institution (and vice versa), (3) the modification of institutional rules by the parties and the identification of a possible "mandatory" core of institutional rules, and (4) "mix and match" (or "hybrid") arbitrations combining one arbitral institution's rules with the case's administration by a different arbitral institution. By identifying the factors that were decisive for these borderline cases being regarded as institutional or ad hoc, the article is trying to gain insight into the core characteristics underlying each arbitration category. Drawing on these insights, it develops and explains a novel definition of "institutional arbitration".

scholarly journals Mirco-level Insight into the Surface Tension-structure Relationship of Molten CaO–MgO–SiO2–FexO–P2O5 Slags

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (11) ◽  
pp. 2765-2772
Author(s):  
Chengjun Liu ◽  
Rui Zhang ◽  
Yifan Meng ◽  
Zhen Wang ◽  
Shiyan Jiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Structure Relationship ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Tension Structure

Humility

2018 ◽  
pp. 62-80
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Bilbro
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Charles Taylor ◽  
Human Condition ◽  
The Self ◽  
Industrial Economy ◽  
Good Samaritan ◽  
Industrial Culture ◽  
Rational Thought ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Messy Reality

When faced with moral or environmental problems, the industrial culture searches for a set of rules that can guide us through a messy reality. Yet these codes arrogantly foreclose a complex reality and provide a false assurance of propriety; as such, they are ways of keeping the self buffered. Berry, following thinkers such as Ivan Illich and Charles Taylor, turns to the parable of the Good Samaritan for insight into the embodied, humble forms of love that would characterize a truly sustainable community. His essays practice such humility not by being deferential or meek, but by recognizing that the human condition requires us to choose and act from a position of irremediable ignorance. Worse still, we humans generally don’t act on the basis of our most careful, rational thought, but on a more gut level. The occasional, ad hoc nature of his essays evinces his efforts to walk along what he terms a “way of ignorance,” a way of approaching reality in light of our condition as finite persons. In addition, many of Berry’s essays are structured by binaries—boomers versus stickers, the industrial economy versus the Kingdom of God—that work to pry open the codes we use to foreclose reality.

“Autonomous Redevelopment”: Moving the Masses to Remove Nail Households

Modern China ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 494-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanhua Deng
Keyword(s):  
Policy Implementation ◽  
Urban Renewal ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Social Ties ◽  
Grassroots Organizations ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Popular Resistance ◽  
Grassroots Organization ◽  
Mass Line ◽  
The Masses

Autonomous redevelopment is a new approach to demolishing shantytowns in China. It draws on the desire for urban renewal on the part of most residents and encourages dingzihu, or “nail households,” to vacate their property. This is accomplished by formulating rules that link jumpstarting community redevelopment to submission by nail households. Additionally, an ad hoc grassroots organization, the Autonomous Redevelopment Committee (ARC), is often established to facilitate “demolition and relocation” 拆迁. To persuade recalcitrant homeowners, ARC activists rely on emotion work, marginalizing strategies, and collective harassment. Many homeowners, who are initially determined to resist such appeals, ultimately succumb to the power of the masses. Autonomous redevelopment is officially acclaimed as an innovative mass-line approach, relying on a majority of the masses to work on the minority. It suggests a more sophisticated style of authoritarian governance, whereby local authorities use rules, social ties, and grassroots organizations to control popular resistance and to facilitate policy implementation.

Maasai Age-Sets and Prophetic Leadership: 1850–1910

Africa ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
John L. Berntsen
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Professional Services ◽  
Colonial Power ◽  
East African ◽  
The People ◽  
History Of ◽  
Initial Interaction ◽  
Opening Paragraph ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

Opening ParagraphIn their initial interaction with the Colonial powers, several East African peoples such as the Maasai, the Turkana, the Sebei, the Karamojong, and the Nandi—all organized through some type of age-based institution—united around prophetic leaders, diviners, or ritual experts who mobilized men from several territorial sections to confront the intruders. This ad hoc military unity was necessarily short-lived, usually ending with the defeat of the people by the colonial power and see the imprisonment or death of the prophetic leader involved. (See Fosbrooke 1948: 12-19; Merker 1910: 67-105; Jacobs 1965: 20-108; Dyson-Hudson 1966: 15-16; Gulliver 1950: 229, 240; Meinertzhagen 1956: 222 ff; Weatherby 1962: 200-12; 1967: 133-44; Lamphear 1976: 225-43.) While ethnological studies of various age-organizations often mention that diviners or prophets provided professional services for the members of an age-group at their ceremonies, no one has examined the process by which a prophetic leader or diviner established his legitimacy during periods of peace so that he might lead the people during times of crisis. An examination of the prophetic institution among the Maasai and the relationship between the prophets and the members of the age-sets may provide some insight into the process, especially the manner in which prophets emerged as leaders of the people during two major crises in the history of the Purko-Kisongo Maasai: the Ilaikipiak war and the rinderpest pan-zootic.

Workplace Satisfaction Before and After Move to an Open Plan Office - Including Interactions with Gender and Introversion

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 455-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan Bos ◽  
Kylie Molinaro ◽  
Alexander Perrone ◽  
Kelly Sharer ◽  
Ariel Greenberg
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Additional Data ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Workplace Satisfaction ◽  
Flexible Support ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Open Plan ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Insight Into

Open plan offices are both popular and controversial. We studied the response of a group moving from shared, but closed offices to an open plan office. The main data source reported here is a workplace satisfaction survey given pre-move, post-move, and to a lab baseline comparison group at the same organization, with some additional data from observations and interviews. Workers moving to the open plan office appreciated the flexible support for collaboration and the space’s appearance. There was lower satisfaction related to space for private concentrated work, temperature control, and ability to have private conversations. There were also some statistical interactions suggesting more positive responses by males and less positive responses by introverts; analysis was limited by small sample size. Observations and interviews gave further insight into open plan “neighborhoods” and the design of ad hoc spaces.

scholarly journals Wireless Sensor and Actuator Networks (WSANs): Insights and Scope of Research

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1607-1615
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Temporal Relationship ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Challenges ◽  
Qos Parameters ◽  
Insight Into

Recent years are witnessing the growth of different kinds of networks including Wireless Sensor and Actuator Networks (WSANs). WSANs are self-configured and ad-hoc natured networks without any permanent infrastructure that consists of numerous sensor nodes and few actuator nodes that can collaboratively monitor the characteristics of physical and environmental conditions like vibration, sound, temperature, pressure, motion or pollutants, and determine an appropriate action to take depending upon the sensed data, thereby changing the state of the field of interest by performing the suitable action in it. We can say it as an advancement of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) with the inclusion of actuating component. Along with the existing research challenges of WSNs, the WSANs have many additional research challenges to be addressed. This paper gives an insight into the scope of ongoing and future research in the aspect of preserving temporal relationship among the events, restoring the connectivity in case of node failures, need for QoS parameters, along with several operational details of WSANs.

scholarly journals A Review of Various Swarm Intelligence Based Routing Protocols for Iot

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-63
Author(s):  
Shailja Agnihotri ◽  
K.R. Ramkumar
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Swarm Intelligence ◽  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Routing Algorithms ◽  
Link Failures ◽  
Routing Mechanism ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc ◽  
Hoc Networks ◽  
Insight Into

The paper provides insight into various swarm intelligence based routing protocols for Internet of Things (IoT), which are currently available for the Mobile Ad-hoc networks (MANETs) and wireless sensor networks (WSNs). There are several issues which are limiting the growth of Internet of Things. These include the reliability, link failures, routing, heterogeneity etc. The MANETs and WSNs routing issues impose almost same requirements for IoT routing mechanism. The recent work of the worldwide researchers is focused on this area. protocols are based on the principles of swarm intelligence. The swarm intelligence is applied to achieve the optimality and the efficiency in solving the complex, multi-hop and dynamic requirements of the wireless networks. The application of the ACO technique tries to provide answers to many routing issues. Using the swarm intelligence and ant colony optimization principles, it has been seen that, the protocols’ efficiency definitely increases and also provides more scope for the development of more robust, reliable and efficient routing protocols for the IoT. As the various standard protocols available for MANETs and WSNs are not reliable enough, the paper finds the need of some efficient routing algorithms for IoT.

scholarly journals Design and Analysis of Inertial Platform Insulation of the ELI-NP Project of Laser and Gamma Beam Systems

Symmetry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1972
Author(s):  
Calin Itu ◽  
Polidor Bratu ◽  
Paul Nicolae Borza ◽  
Sorin Vlase ◽  
Dorin Lixandroiu
Keyword(s):  
Vibration Analysis ◽  
Measuring Equipment ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
External Environment ◽  
Inertial Mass ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Shock Absorbers ◽  
The Masses ◽  
Gamma Beam

All the installations, devices, and annexes within the laser and the gamma ray production system within the ELI-NP project from Magurele are installed on an inertial platform that weighs over 54,000 tons. The platform is made of concrete, is insulated from the outside environment, and is supported by spring batteries and shock absorbers. The flatness of this platform respects some very strict standards, and, taking into account the processes that take place on the platform, the transmission of the different trepidations of the environment to the inertial mass must be extremely low. For this reason, a static study and a vibration analysis of the platform, performed in this paper, are required. The static analysis verifies if the flatness of the platform can be observed in operating conditions, and the dynamic analysis verifies how excitations coming from the external environment can be transmitted to the measuring equipment. The finite element method is used both to determine the deformability of the concrete platform for different loads, placed at different points and to determine its eigenvalues and its eigenmodes of vibration. The obtained results are analyzed and constructive solutions are proposed to improve the realized system, through a judicious placement of the installations and the distribution of the masses on the platform.

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