The Influence of the Amorphous Phase on Ion Distributions and Annealing Behavior of Group III and Group V Ions Implanted into Silicon

1971 ◽  
Vol 118 (6) ◽  
pp. 943 ◽  
Author(s):  
Billy L. Crowder
Author(s):  
Anton Bózner ◽  
Mikuláš Gažo ◽  
Jozef Dostál

It is anticipated that Japanese quail /Coturnix coturnix japonica/ will provide animal proteins in long term space flights. Consequently this species of birds is of research interest of international space program INTERCOSMOS. In the year 1987 we reported on an experiment /2/ in which the effect of chronic acceleration of 2 G hypergravitation, the hypodynamy and the simultaneous effect of chronic acceleration and the location in the centre of the turntable of the centrifuge on the protein fractions in skeletal muscles was studied. The ultrastructure of the heart muscle was now in this experiments examined as well.Japanese quail cockerels, aged 48 days were exposed to 2 G hypergravitation /group IV/ in a 6,4 m diameter centrifuge, to hypodynamy /group III/ and their combination /group V/, respectively for 6 days / Fig.1/. The hypodynamy in group III was achieved by suspending the birds in jackets without contact the floor. The group II was located in the centre ofthe turntable of the centrifuge. The control group I. was kept under normal conditions. The quantitative ultrastructure of myocard was evaluated by the methods of Weibel/3/ - this enables to determine the number, relative size and volume of mitochondria volume of single mitochondria, defficiency of mitochondrial cristae and volume of myofibrils.


2006 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 300-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sérgio Lima Santiago ◽  
José Carlos Pereira ◽  
Ana Christina Bonato Figueiredo Martineli

This study evaluated the influence of time after application of oxalate solutions in reducing dentin hydraulic conductance. Fifty dentin discs were obtained from extracted human third molars and assigned to 5 groups (n=10), according to the desensitizing agent used: Group I: OxaGel; Group II: experimental agent DD-1: Group III: experimental agent DD-2. In Groups IV and V, a placebo gel and deionized water were used as control, respectively. The agents were applied for 3 min, washed out and the hydraulic conductance was measured immediately and at 5-, 15- and 30-min intervals, and after acid etching. Data were analyzed statistically by two-way ANOVA and Duncan's test at 5% significance level. Groups I, II and III did not differ significantly from each other in any of the time intervals (p>0.05). Likewise, Groups IV and V were statistically similar to each other (p>0.05). The active agents reduced significantly dentin permeability in comparison to control groups (p<0.05). Dentin permeability measured in vitro decreased significantly with time regardless of the agent applied (either active or control agents). The results of Group V, in which no dentin desensitizing agent was employed, indicates that the assessment of dentin permeability by this method must be interpreted with caution.


2021 ◽  
pp. 39-45
Author(s):  
Nura I. Al-Zail ◽  
Salah F. Kamies

Pyrethroid cyhalothrin (PC) is an insecticide that is used worldwide for pest control in agriculture and household use. Samoa extract (SE) is a potent antioxidant protecting cells from oxidative stress. The present study investigates the protective and therapeutic effect of SE on PC-induced changes in sperm quality in male rats. Fifty adult male albino rats were divided into five groups: group I: served as control; group II: received PC i.p. only (6.2 mg/kg b.wt.); group III: received SE only (100 mg/kg b.wt., p.o.) for eight weeks; group IV: received SE as a protective agent daily for eight weeks, then followed by the administration of PC (i.p.) three times a week for two weeks; group V: exposed to PC (i.p.) three times a week for two weeks, then treated with the SE daily for 8 weeks. Results showed that PC caused markedly impaired sperm quality (a count, viability, motility, and abnormality). Compared to PC-treated animals, SE in the protective group markedly restored the alteration of sperm indices. However, SE in the curative group was found to be less effective in restoring PC-induced alterations. In conclusion, the data of this study revealed that the SE as a protective agent is more effective than as a therapeutic agent. Keywords: Samoa; Pyrethroid; Sperm quality; Rat


2003 ◽  
Vol 799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haruki Yokoyama ◽  
Hiroki Sugiyama ◽  
Yasuhiro Oda ◽  
Michio Sato ◽  
Noriyuki Watanabe ◽  
...  

ABSTRACTThis paper studies the decomposition characteristic of group-III sources during InAlAsSb growth on InP substrates by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) using trimethylindium (TMI), trimethylaluminum (TMA), trimethylantimony (TMSb) and arsine (AsH3). A composition analysis of InAlAsSb layers shows that the group-III compositions in the InAlAsSb layer change remarkably when the flow rate of the group-V source is varied. To clarify the reason for this phenomenon, the growth rates of InAsSb and AlAsSb component are examined. Their changes indicate that TMSb suppresses the decomposition of TMA while AsH3 enhances it. Moreover, the HEMT structure with InP/InAlAsSb Schottky barrier layer, whose InP layer acts as a recess-etch-stop layer, is fabricated for the first time. The I-V characteristics of a fabricated Schottky barrier diode indicate that the reverse leakage current of InP/InAlAsSb is about one order of magnitude smaller than that of commonly used InP/InAlAs.


1994 ◽  
Vol 267 (5) ◽  
pp. F703-F708 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Giordano ◽  
P. Castellino ◽  
E. L. McConnell ◽  
R. A. DeFronzo

We evaluated the dose-response relationship between the plasma amino acid (AA) concentration and renal hemodynamics in eight normal subjects. After an overnight fast, a balanced 10% AA solution was infused for 180 min at five separate infusion rates: 0.5 (group I), 1.0 (group II), 2.0 (group III), 4.0 (group IV), and 6.0 (group V) ml.kg-1.min-1 on separate days. Basal plasma AA concentration was 1.87 +/- 0.1 mmol/l and increased to 2.26 +/- 0.1 (group I), 2.66 +/- 0.2 (group II), 3.79 +/- 0.5 (group III), 5.81 +/- 0.4 (group IV), and 7.41 +/- 0.4 mmol/l (group V). Basal glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and renal plasma flow (RPF) averaged 95 +/- 4 and 476 +/- 29 ml.1.73 m-2.min-1, respectively, and rose to 98 +/- 5 and 506 +/- 40 (group I) [P = not significant (NS)], 102 +/- 3 and 533 +/- 30 (group II) (P < 0.05 vs. basal), 110 +/- 4 and 567 +/- 29 (group III), 115 +/- 7 and 610 +/- 55 (group IV), and 117 +/- 7 and 614 +/- 66 ml.1.73 m-2.min-1 (group V) (P = NS vs. group IV). Basal plasma glucagon concentration averaged 68 +/- 10 pg/ml and increased to 74 +/- 10 (group I), 83 +/- 11 (group II) (P < 0.05 vs. basal), 100 +/- 14 (group III), 121 +/- 14 (group IV), and 229 +/- 35 pg/ml (group V) (P < 0.01 vs. basal). Increases in plasma growth hormone (GH) and insulin levels were observed only during groups IV and V.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)


2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Julizar Julizar ◽  
Lili Irawati ◽  
Erlina Rustam

AbstrakPenyakit jantung koroner (PJK) merupakan penyebab utama kematian di berbagai belahan dunia termasuk di Indonesia. Salah satu pemicu terjadinya PJK adalah tingginya kadar kolesterol dalam darah. Buah mahkota dewa telah lama digunakan oleh masarakat untuk menurunkan kadar kolesterol dan mengobati berbagai penyakit kardiovaskuler.Telah dilakukan penelitian untuk melihat efek infus buah mahkota dewa terhadap pencegahan peningkatan kadar kolesterol pada tikus putih jantan yang diberi diet lemak tinggi (DLT). Penelitian ini menggunakan 30 ekor Rattus novergicus jantan yang berumur 2,5 – 3 bulan dengan berat badan 250 - 350 gram. Hewan coba dibagi secara acak atas lima kelompok dan diperlakukan sebagai berikut:Kelompok I diberi diet standar 555 global feed dan 1 ml aquades, kelompok II diberi diet lamak tinggi(DLT) yang terdiri dari 2% Kolesterol, 10% kuning telur itik, 18% lemak sapi dan 78% diet standar dan 1 ml aquades, kelompok III diberi DLT dan 1 ml infus yang mengandung 97 mg mahkota dewa., kelompok IV diberi DLT dan 1 ml infus yang mengandung 194 mg mahkota dewa, kelompok V diberi DLT dan 1 ml infus yang mengandung 388 mg mahkota dewa. Infus diberikan per oral setiap hari selama 56 hari. Diet dan air minum diberikan ad libitum.Pada hari ke 0, 14, 28, 42 dan 56 darah diambil melalui vena centralis ekor untuk ditentukan kadar kolesterol totalnya secara enzimatik menggunakan KIT kolesterol CHOD-PAP merk Diasys. Absorbans diukur dengan spektrofotometer Genesis 20 pada panjang gelombang 546 nm. Data dianalisis dengan GLM pengukuran berulang dan one-way anova.Hasil penelitian menunjukan : pemberian infus yang mengandung 97, 194 dan 388 mg mahkota dewa dapat mencegah peningkatan kadar kolesterol dibanding kontrol (-). Terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan (p<0,05) antara kelompok 194 dan 388 mg dengan kelompk 97 mg, dimana kelompok 194 dan 388 mg mencegah peningkatan lebih besar. Tidak terdapat perbedaan (p>0,05) antara kelompok yang mendapat 194 dengan kelompok yang mendapat 388 mg mahkota dewa.ARTIKEL PENELITIAN52Disarankan untuk meneliti efek pencegahan peningkatan pada profil lipid yang lain dan melihat efek penurunan infus mahkota dewa pada hewan coba yang hiperkolesterolemik.Kata kunci : Mahkota dewa, kolesterolAbstractCoronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of death in many parts of the world including in Indonesia. One of the triggers of CHD are high blood cholesterol levels. The Crown of God (Phaleria macrocarpa) has long been used by people to lower cholesterol and treat various cardiovascular diseases. Has done research to observe the effect of infusion Phaleria to prevent an increase in cholesterol levels in male white rats fed a high fat diet (HFD). This study used 30 male Rattus novergicus old from 2.5 to 3 months with body weight 250-350 grams. Experimental animals were randomized over five groups and treated as follows:Group I was given a standard diet 555 of global feed and 1 ml aquades, group II were given a diet high fat (HFD) consisting of 2% cholesterol, 10% of duck egg yolk, beef 18% fat and 78% standard diet and 1 ml aquades, group III was given the DLT and 1 ml infusion containing 97 mg of crown gods., group IV were given DLT and 1 ml infusion containing 194 mg crown of god, group V were given HFD and 1 ml infusion containing 388 mg the crown of god. Infusion given orally every day for 56 days. Diet and drinking water provided ad libitum.On days 0, 14, 28, 42 and 56 blood was collected via the tail vein centralis for total cholesterol is determined enzymatically using cholesterol Chod-PAP KIT Diasys. Absorbance was measured with a spectrophotometer Genesis 20 at 546 nm wavelength. Data were analyzed by GLM repeated measurements and one-way ANOVA.The results showed: the infusion containing 97, 194 and 388 mg crown of god can prevent an increase in cholesterol levels compared to controls (-).There are significant differences (p <0.05) between groups 194 and 388 mg with 97 mg faction, which groups 194 and 388 mg prevent the increase is greater. No difference (p> 0.05) between the group receiving 194 with the group receiving 388 mg crown of gods.It is advisable to examine the effect of preventing an increase in other lipid profiles and observe the effect of decreasing infusion crown of gods on hypercholesterolemic animal.Key word : Phaleria macrocarpa, cholseterol


2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (4(SE)) ◽  
pp. 63-68
Author(s):  
N.T. Lethi ◽  
A.M. Moorthy

The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of selected yogic practices physical exercises and physiotherapy treatment on sitting of low back pain patients. One hundred low back pain patients are taken from the Thavanur town, Kerala. The age, height and weight of the subjects ranged from 30 to 40 years, 158 to 169 centimetres and 55 to 70 kilograms respectively. The selected subjects were randomly assigned into five equal groups of 20 subjects each. Group I underwent Yogic practices, group II underwent physical exercises, group III underwent physiotherapy treatments, group IV yoga and physiotherapy treatments and group V acted as control.  Prior to and after the training the subjects were tested on sitting of low back pain patients through the Oswestry low back pain disability questionnaire. Analysis of covariance was used to determine the significantly difference existing between pretest and posttest on sitting of low back pain patients. The result of the study proved that due to twelve weeks of the experimental training was reduced back pain while sitting for the low back pain patients.


2020 ◽  
pp. 58-60
Author(s):  
R. Mangala Devi ◽  
R. Sarojini ◽  
S. Vasanth

Background: Depression is a common psychiatric disorder. Drug therapy is the cornerstone in the management of depression. Anti-depressants are associated with many unwanted side-effects. Thus, various herbal products have been tried. The advantages of herbal treatments include safety, cheap and acceptability due to their traditional values. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the anti-depressant activity of Cymbopogon citratus (lemon grass) in albino mice and to compare with Imipramine. Methods: 30 Swiss albino male mice weighing around 25-30 g were divided into 5 groups (n=6). Group I (Control) mice were given normal feed and water, Group II (Standard) received 20 mg/kg T. Imipramine orally, Group III (Test-1) received 5 mg/kg aqueous extract of C. citratus (lemon grass) orally and Group IV (Test-2) received 10 mg/kg C. citratus (lemon grass) orally, and Group V (Test-3) received both T. Imipramine (10 mg/kg) and C. citratus (10 mg/kg) orally. Duration of immobility was observed for last 4 mins of total 6 mins period in groups 1-5 by tail suspension test on 1st, 8th and 15th day.Results: Duration of immobility recorded in seconds was analyzed by one-way analysis of variance, followed by Tukey’s post-hoc test Conclusion: Lemon grass has a significant antidepressant effect. Combined effect of lemon grass at 10 mg/kg and imipramine 10 mg/kg is not synergistic.


1999 ◽  
Vol 4 (S1) ◽  
pp. 858-863
Author(s):  
Huajie Chen ◽  
A. R. Smith ◽  
R. M. Feenstra ◽  
D. W. Greve ◽  
J. E. Northrup

InGaN alloys with indium compositions ranging from 0–40% have been grown by molecular beam epitaxy. The dependence of the indium incorporation on growth temperature and group III/group V ratio has been studied. Scanning tunneling microscopy images, interpreted using first-principles theoretical computations, show that there is strong indium surface segregation on InGaN. Based on this surface segregation, a qualitative model is proposed to explain the observed indium incorporation dependence on the growth parameters.


2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Nagalaxmi Reddy ◽  
DN Jayashankar ◽  
Mohanthomas Nainan

ABSTRACT Aim Aim of this study was to compare class II composite restoration using flowable composites as lining with various thickness and curing techniques by evaluating cervical marginal microleakage. Materials and methods Fifty intact molars, each prepared with two box-only class II cavities, were randomly divided into five groups: Group I, P60 filling alone; group II, ultrathin flowable composite lining (0.5-1mm) cocured with overlying composite; group III, thin lining (1-1.5) cocured with overlying composite; group IV, ultrathin lining (0.5-1 mm) precured and group V, thin lining (1-1.5) precured. The teeth were then thermocycled for 1500 cycles (between 5 and 60 °C) and immersed in dye for 24 hours. Cervical microleakage was measured as the extent of dye penetration. Results Cocured specimens (groups II and III) showed least microleakage and control specimens (group I) showed maximum microleakage. On comparison of curing techniques, cocured specimens (groups II and III) showed less microleakage than precured (groups IV and V). On comparison of lining thickness and type of curing, group IV showed less microleakage than group V. Groups II and III were statistically not significant. Conclusion It was concluded from the results that ultrathin cocured flowable composite lining specimens improved the marginal sealing with decreased microleakage. Clinical significance In this study, the application of additional flowable composite lining with various thicknesses presented different influences in marginal quality of class II box only composite restorations. A new technique applying an ultrathin flowable composite lining with cocuring technique improved the marginal sealing with decreased microleakage. Restorations with thin lining presented reduced marginal integrity after thermocycling. How to cite this article Reddy SN, Jayashankar DN, Nainan M, Shivanna V. The Effect of Flowable Composite Lining Thickness with Various Curing Techniques on Microleakage in Class II Composite Restorations: An in vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013;14(1):56-60.


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