scholarly journals 4-Methoxycarbonyl Curcumin: A Unique Inhibitor of Both Inflammatory Mediators and Periodontal Inflammation

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Gu ◽  
Hsi-Ming Lee ◽  
Nicole Napolitano ◽  
McKenzie Clemens ◽  
Yazhou Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Proinflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Inflammatory Mediators ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Parent Compound ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Periodontal Inflammation ◽  
Increased Risk

Chronic inflammatory diseases such as periodontitis have been associated with increased risk for various medical conditions including diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS), derived from gram-negative periodonto-pathogens, can induce the local accumulation of mononuclear cells in the inflammatory lesion, increasing proinflammatory cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). This ultimately results in the destruction of periodontal connective tissues including alveolar bone. Curcumin is the principal dyestuff in the popular Indian spice turmeric and has significant regulatory effects on inflammatory mediators but is characterized by poor solubility and low bioactivity. Recently, we developed a series of chemically modified curcumins (CMCs) with increased solubility and zinc-binding activity, while retaining, or further enhancing, their therapeutic effects. In the current study, we demonstrate that a novel CMC (CMC 2.5: 4-methoxycarbonyl curcumin) has significant inhibitory effects, better than the parent compound curcumin, on proinflammatory cytokines and MMPs inin vitro, in cell culture, and in an animal model of periodontal inflammation. The therapeutic potential of CMC 2.5 and its congeners may help to prevent tissue damage during various chronic inflammatory diseases including periodontitis and may reduce the risks of systemic diseases associated with this local disorder.

scholarly journals Lipid, fatty acid, carnitine- and choline derivative profiles in rheumatoid arthritis outpatients with different degrees of periodontal inflammation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathrin Beyer ◽  
Stein Atle Lie ◽  
Bodil Bjørndal ◽  
Rolf K. Berge ◽  
Asbjørn Svardal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Mitochondrial Dysfunction ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Periodontal Inflammation ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
Lipid Fatty Acid

AbstractRheumatoid arthritis (RA) and periodontitis are chronic inflammatory diseases with several pathogenic pathways in common. Evidence supports an association between the diseases, but the exact underlying mechanisms behind the connection are still under investigation. Lipid, fatty acid (FA) and metabolic profile alterations have been associated with several chronic inflammatory diseases, including RA and periodontitis. Mitochondria have a central role in regulating cellular bioenergetic and whole-body metabolic homeostasis, and mitochondrial dysfunction has been proposed as a possible link between the two disorders. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to explore whole-blood FA, serum lipid composition, and carnitine- and choline derivatives in 78 RA outpatients with different degrees of periodontal inflammation. The main findings were alterations in lipid, FA, and carnitine- and choline derivative profiles. More specifically, higher total FA and total cholesterol concentrations were found in active RA. Elevated phospholipid concentrations with concomitant lower choline, elevated medium-chain acylcarnitines (MC-AC), and decreased ratios of MC-AC and long-chain (LC)-AC were associated with prednisolone medication. This may indicate an altered mitochondrial function in relation to the increased inflammatory status in RA disease. Our findings may support the need for interdisciplinary collaboration within the field of medicine and dentistry in patient stratification to improve personalized treatment. Longitudinal studies should be conducted to further assess the potential impact of mitochondrial dysfunction on RA and periodontitis.

scholarly journals Long term outcomes of patients with chronic inflammatory diseases after percutaneous coronary intervention

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
E Marcusohn ◽  
R Zukermann ◽  
A Roguin ◽  
O Kobo
Keyword(s):  
Percutaneous Coronary Intervention ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Coronary Intervention ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Percutaneous Coronary

Abstract Introduction Patients with chronic inflammatory diseases are at increased risk for coronary artery disease. Aim We aimed to assess the long-term outcomes of patients with chronic inflammatory diseases who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention. Methods A Retrospective cohort study of all adult (>18 years) patients who underwent PCI in a large [1000 bed] tertiary care centerfrom January 2002 to August 2020. Results A total of 12,951 patients underwent PCI during the study period and were included in the cohort. The population of chronic inflammatory diseases includes 247/12,951 [1.9%]; 70 with IBD and 173 with AIRD. The composite endpoint of mortality, ACS or CHF admission was more frequent in the inflammatory disease group (77.5% in AIRD group, 72.9% in the IBD group and 59.6% in the non-inflammatory group, p<0.001). The adjusted cox regression model found a statistically significant increased risk of the composite primary endpoints of around 40% for patients both with AIRD and IBD. The increased risk for ACS was 61% for AIRD patients and 37% for IBD patients. Patients with inflammatory diseases were found to have a significant increased risk CHF admission, while both IBD and AIED patients had a non-significant increased risk for mortality. Conclusion Patients with AIRD and IBD are at higher risk for cardiovascular events also in long term follow up once diagnosed with CAD and treated with PCI. FUNDunding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: None.

scholarly journals Therapeutic potential of a novel semi-synthetic-sulfated-polysaccharide to suppress inflammatory mediators in P. gingivalis LPS stimulated human monocytes/macrophages

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Gu ◽  
Veena Raja ◽  
Hsi-Ming Lee ◽  
Houlin Hong ◽  
Glenn Prestwich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Inflammatory Mediators ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Sulfated Polysaccharide ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteases ◽  
Cell Culture Model ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Culture Model

Abstract Background Chronic periodontitis is associated with an increased risk for systemic conditions such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and osteoporosis. During chronic periodontitis, endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS) produced by P. gingivalis provokes monocyte accumulation and differentiation into macrophages and increased secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and matrix metalloproteases (MMPs). While normal levels of MMPs are important in cellular function, increased levels of cytokines and MMPs can cause connective tissue destruction. Results In the current study, we investigated the therapeutic capability of a novel semi-synthetic sulfated polysaccharide (SAGE) on the production of cytokines and MMPs by cultured human mononuclear cells and macrophages stimulated with endotoxin LPS produced by P. gingivalis, a periodontally-relevant cell culture model. Our research demonstrated SAGE inhibited the LPS induced synthesis of inflammatory mediators including TNF-α, IL-1β, PGE2, and MMP-9 in this periodontal-relevant cell culture model. In addition, TLR-2 and TLR-4 levels were also reduced with the SAGE treatment. Conclusions The therapeutic potential of this novel semi-synthetic sulfated polysaccharide compound may help to prevent tissue damage and bone loss in patients with periodontal disease or other inflammatory diseases.

scholarly journals Topical Ectoine: A Promising Molecule in the Upper Airways Inflammation—A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuele Casale ◽  
Antonio Moffa ◽  
Samanta Carbone ◽  
Francesca Fraccaroli ◽  
Andrea Costantino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Topical Administration ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Upper Airways ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Pharmacologic Agents

To date, topical therapies guarantee a better delivery of high concentrations of pharmacologic agents to the mucosa of the upper airways (UA). Recently, topical administration of ectoine has just been recognized as adjuvant treatment in the Allergic Rhinitis (AR) and Rhinosinusitis (ARS). The aim of this work is to review the published literature regarding all the potential therapeutic effects of ectoine in the acute and chronic inflammatory diseases of UA. Pertinent studies published without temporal limitation were selected searching on MEDLINE the following terms: “ectoine” and “nasal spray,” “oral spray,” “upper respiratory tract infections,” “rhinosinusitis,” “rhinitis,” “rhinoconjunctivitis,” “pharyngitis,” and “laryngitis.” At the end of our selection process, six relevant publications were included: two studies about the effect of ectoine on AR, one study about ARS, one study about rhinitis sicca anterior, and two studies about acute pharyngitis and/or laryngitis. Due to its moisturizing and anti-inflammatory properties, topical administration of ectoine could play a potential additional role in treatment of acute and chronic inflammatory diseases of UA, in particular in the management of sinonasal conditions improving symptoms and endoscopic findings. However, these results should be viewed cautiously as they are based on a limited number of studies; some of them were probably underpowered because of their small patient samples.

scholarly journals Renal Cell Carcinoma in Fistulizing Crohn’s Disease Patient Who Received Anti-TNF α Therapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Abdullah Mohammed Albishi ◽  
Rafaat Chakik ◽  
Mohammed Bazeed
Keyword(s):  
Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Renal Cell ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Focal Lesion ◽  
Surgical Specimen ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Increased Risk

Inflammatory bowel diseases are chronic inflammatory diseases affecting the gastrointestinal tract with different clinical presentations. These chronic inflammatory diseases are associated with an increased risk for both intestinal and different types of extra-intestinal malignancies. In this case report, we describe the condition of a 29-year-old Saudi male diagnosed with fistulizing ileal Crohn’s disease 7 years ago. The patient presented to the gastroenterology clinic with left flank pain for the last 2 months, which started gradually. The pain was dull, intermittent, and without a history of fever, dysuria, or hematuria. The patient was passing 3-4 times bowel motion, watery without blood or mucus. On examination, the patient looked well. Abdomen examination revealed a soft and lax abdomen with no tenderness or organomegaly. CT  abdomen showed a well-defined hypodense focal lesion originally from the left kidney near the hilum region with a clue sign. Colonoscopy was performed and showed only terminal ileitis. The patient was referred to a urologist for further action. The patient was seen by the urologist, and they are planning for partial left nephrectomy. The renal surgical specimen histopathology was reported later as renal cell carcinoma.

scholarly journals Blood Immunoproteasome Activity Is Regulated by Sex, Age and in Chronic Inflammatory Diseases: A First Population-Based Study

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 3336
Author(s):  
Ilona Elisabeth Kammerl ◽  
Claudia Flexeder ◽  
Stefan Karrasch ◽  
Barbara Thorand ◽  
Margit Heier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Active Sites ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
The Impact

Dysfunction of the immunoproteasome has been implicated in cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases. Its potential as a biomarker for predicting disease stages, however, has not been investigated so far and population-based analyses on the impact of sex and age are missing. We here analyzed the activity of all six catalytic sites of the proteasome in isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained from 873 study participants of the KORA FF4 study using activity-based probes. The activity of the immuno- and standard proteasome correlated clearly with elevated leukocyte counts of study participants. Unexpectedly, we observed a strong sex dimorphism for proteasome activity with significantly lower immunoproteasome activity in women. In aging, almost all catalytic activities of the proteasome were activated in aged women while maintained upon aging in men. We also noted distinct sex-related activation patterns of standard and immunoproteasome active sites in chronic inflammatory diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, asthma, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease as determined by multiple linear regression modeling. Our data thus provides a conceptual framework for future analysis of immunoproteasome function as a bio-marker for chronic inflammatory disease development and progression.

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