Schistosoma mansoniInfection and Associated Determinant Factors among School Children in Sanja Town, Northwest Ethiopia

Background. Intestinal schistosomiasis is one of the most widespread parasitic infections in tropical and subtropical countries.Objective. To determine the prevalence ofS. mansoniinfection and associated determinant factors among school children in Sanja Town, northwest Ethiopia.Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted from February to March, 2013. 385 school children were selected using stratified proportionate systematic sampling technique. Pretested questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic data and associated determinant factors. Stool samples were examinedusing formol-ether concentration and Kato-Katz technique. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS 20.0 statistical software. Multivariate logistic regression was done for assessing associated risk factors and proportions for categorical variables were compared using chi-square test.Pvalues less than 0.05 were taken as statistically significant.Results. The prevalence ofS. mansoniinfection was 89.9% (n=346). The overall helminthic infection in this study was 96.6% (n=372). Swimming in the river, washing clothes and utensil using river water, crossing the river with bare foot, and fishing activities showed significant association with the occurrence ofS. mansoniinfection.Conclusion.Schistosoma mansoniinfection was high in the study area. Therefore, mass deworming at least twice a year and health education for community are needed.

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Patients’ satisfaction with outpatient pharmacy services and associated factors in Debre Tabor comprehensive specialized hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0262300 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. e0262300

Author(s):

Mulugeta Molla ◽

Woretaw Sisay ◽

Yared Andargie ◽

Belayneh Kefale ◽

Pradeep Singh

Keyword(s):

Associated Factors ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Northwest Ethiopia ◽

Public Hospitals ◽

Systematic Sampling ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Negatively Associated ◽

Patients Satisfaction

Introduction By measuring patients’ satisfaction, providers can gain insight into several elements of health care services, including the effectiveness of their care and the level of empathy they exhibit. The aim of this study was to assess patient satisfaction with pharmaceutical services and associated factors in public hospitals located in Northwestern Ethiopia. Methods An institution-based quantitative cross-sectional study was used. The study was carried out in an outpatient pharmacy from January 1–June 30, 2021. Participants were selected by a systematic sampling technique. The IBM SPSS statistical package (version 23) was used to enter and analyze the collected data. The findings were presented using descriptive statistical methods. To find factors linked to satisfaction, binary logistic regression was used. Results The final analysis included a total of 401 samples. More than half of the participants (229, or 55.1%) were female. The overall mean score of satisfaction was 30.6 out of a maximum of 100 scores. By taking this mean score as a cut-off point, 204 (50.9%) of the study participants had satisfaction with the outpatient pharmacists’ service. Participants’ responses scored on the uncomfortable and inconvenient waiting areas [AOR = 0.31; 95%CI, (0.13, 0.49)] were found to be negatively associated with the level of patients’ satisfaction. Also, the unavailability of medications [AOR = 0.12; 95%CI, (0.02, 0.37)] was negatively associated with the respondent satisfaction. Uncomfortable and inconvenient private counseling areas [AOR = 1.37; 95%CI, (0.79, 4.42)] showed a negative association with their satisfaction. Conclusion Patients’ satisfaction levels with pharmacy service were found to be greater than 50%. The socio-demographic characteristics of patients have no association with their level of satisfaction, but their perception of uncomfortable private counseling areas and waiting areas was negatively associated with their satisfaction.

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FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KEJADIAN ACNE VULGARIS (JERAWAT) PADA REMAJA DI SMK TARUNA PEKANBARU TAHUN 2014

JURNAL PROTEKSI KESEHATAN ◽

10.36929/jpk.v4i1.28 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

Author(s):

HASTUTI MARLINA ◽

HETTY ISMAINAR

Keyword(s):

Acne Vulgaris ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Skin Condition ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Chronic Inflammatory Disease ◽

Systematic Sampling ◽

Measuring Instruments ◽

P Value ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional

Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory disease of the follicles pilosebaseous, characterized by comedones, papules, pustules, and nodules.The main causes of acne as yet known with certainty, but there is strong suspicion is a multifactorial disease, including heredity, hormonal balance, diet, skin condition and hygiene. Acne is a skin disease that is often found in adolescents by (85%).. Based on the results of the survey in 5 SMK Pekanbaru on class X , obtained the highest number of cases of acne that is in SMK Taruna Pekanbaru many as 113people. This study aims to determine the factors associated with the incidence of acne vulgaris in adolescents in SMK Taruna Pekanbaru 2014. The research is quantitative cross-sectional study research design that was held on 5-9 May 2014, in SMK Taruna Pekanbaru. The population this is the entire student SMK Taruna Pekanbaru class X at 302 people, and obtained a large sample of 117people, with rendom systematic sampling technique using a questionnaire measuring instruments. Data analiysis of univariate and bivariate using chi square test.The results showed that there is a relationship of knowledge obtainable, (p value = 0,006 dan POR = 3,06, 95%CI : 1,43-6,75), foods that can emergence the onset of acne obtainable (p value = 0,009 and POR = 2,88, 95%CI : 1,35-6,14, the frequency of facial wash (cleaning) obtainable (p value = 0,009 and POR = 2,88, 95%CI : 1,35-6,14) and the condition of facial skin obtainable (p value = 0,005, POR = 3,12 , 95%CI : 1,46-6,68) with incidence of acne vulgaris. It is recommended for adolescents to avoid foods that can emergence the onset of acne, skin treatment to reduce excess oil production by applying frequency facial wash (cleaning) on a regular basis.

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Factors Related to Behavior Handwashing Using Primary-School-Age Children's Soap on Rt's Covid-19 Pandemic. 008/Rw. 007 Bananas, Ciputat Timur in 2021

Muhammadiyah International Public Health and Medicine Proceeding ◽

10.53947/miphmp.v1i1.168 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 1011-1020

Author(s):

Leandra Binar Ilyasa ◽

Andriyani Asmuni ◽

Nur Romdhona ◽

Ernyasih Ernyasih

Keyword(s):

School Children ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

School Age Children ◽

P Value ◽

School Age ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Role Of Parents

About 40% of the world's human population has no place in their homes to wash their hands with soap and water. The prevalence of handwashing behavior with soap for school children in Indonesia in 2018 was 46%. In 2018 the behavior of washing hands with soap in Banten Province in the group of school children was 44.5%. South Tangerang City has a prevalence of handwashing behavior with soap in school children in 2018 of 69.12%. This research was conducted to Factors Related to the Behavior of Washing Hands with Soap for Elementary School Age Children During the COVID-19 Pandemic at RT.008/RW.007 Pisangan, East Ciputat in 2021. Cross-sectional study design with 86 people as samples, the sampling done by total sampling technique. Data analysis used chi-square test (α = 0.05). Variables related to the handwashing behavior with soap are knowledge (p-value 0,038. OR= 3,4), facilities (p-value = 0,000. OR= 76,3), the role of parents (p-value = 0,005. OR= 4,5). While variables not related to handwashing behavior with soap are attitude (p-value = 0,132. OR = 8,1). Factors Related to the Behavior of Washing Hands with Soap at RT.008 RW.007 Pisangan, East Ciputat are knowledge, facilities, the role of parents. An active parental role is needed so that they can guide, teach and be an example for their children in good handwashing behavior with soap. There is a need for prevention actions such as the distribution of handwashing soap and pamphlets containing an invitation to wash hands and this activity is under the supervision of the Pisangan Health Center

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Prevalence of Intestinal Parasites and Associated Factors among Pulmonary Tuberculosis Suspected Patients Attending University of Gondar Hospital, Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia

Journal of Parasitology Research ◽

10.1155/2018/9372145 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Yalewayker Tegegne ◽

Tadelo Wondmagegn ◽

Ligabaw Worku ◽

Ayalew Jejaw Zeleke

Keyword(s):

Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽

Intestinal Parasites ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Northwest Ethiopia ◽

Parasitic Infections ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Concentration Technique ◽

Control And Prevention ◽

Chi Square Test

Introduction. Intestinal parasitic infections are among the major public health problems in developing countries. Hence, it is significant to explore coinfection with intestinal parasites and pulmonary tuberculosis because coinfection increases the complexity of control and prevention of pulmonary tuberculosis and parasitic diseases.Objective. To assess the prevalence of intestinal parasites among pulmonary tuberculosis suspected patients.Method. Institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted at University of Gondar Hospital from March to May, 2017. Stool samples were taken from each participant and examined by direct microscopy and concentration technique. Descriptive statistics was performed and chi-square test was used to show the association between variables.Pvalues of <0.05 were considered statistically significant.Results. Intestinal parasites were detected in 50 (19.6%) among a total of 256 pulmonary tuberculosis suspected patients who were included in the study, whereas the prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis was 16.8% (43/256). Pulmonary tuberculosis and intestinal parasite coinfection was detected in 5 (2.0%) of the participants. The most prevalent intestinal parasites infection in this study wasAscaris lumbricoides,15 (5.85%), followed byEntamoeba histolytica/dispar,14 (5.46%), and Hookworm, 13 (5.1%).Conclusion. The prevalence of intestinal parasites and their coinfection rate with pulmonary tuberculosis among pulmonary tuberculosis suspected patients were considerable.

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Assessment of COVID-19 related knowledge, attitude, practice and professional risk factors associated to develop infection among the police personnel of Bangladesh during the rapid rise period of the outbreak

International Journal of Scientific Reports ◽

10.18203/issn.2454-2156.intjscirep20205028 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (12) ◽

pp. 492

Author(s):

Bahni Chakraborty ◽

Pushpita Chakraborty ◽

Ashekul Islam ◽

M. Nur Hossain Bhuiyan ◽

Pulak Kanti Palit ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Categorical Variables ◽

Health Campaigns ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Police Personnel

Background: Bangladesh police have been engaged in different COVID-19 related containment activities consequently they are being badly affected and sacrifice their lives. However, as a newly outbreak pandemic, there may have lack of proper knowledge, attitude and practices in handling to prevent rapid spreading of deadly COVID-19 virus in Bangladesh.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the KAP and associated risk factors with COVID-19 among police personnel during pandemic. Total 2290 police personnel from different metropolitan cities were included and data were collected over telephone interview with an administered questionnaire following a convenient sampling technique. Bivariate associations between categorical variables were examined using Chi-square test. We also explored the independent risk factors for COVID-19 infection using binary logistic regression.Results: Out of 2290 respondents 458 (20%) were found to be COVID-19 positive and majority (42.5%) of them were male (97.5%) and belonged to age group of 31-40 years. Our study showed that an increased risk of COVID-19 infection for those who stayed in police barrack (OR=3.45; 95% CI:1.21-6.42; p<0.021), not practicing social distancing always (OR=2.13; 95% CI:1.12-5.31; p<0.031) and not wearing mask appropriately (OR=2.15; 95% CI: 1.31-4.52; p<0.003). Conclusions: This study provides a unique baseline of KAP and professional risk factors among the police personnel in Bangladesh on COVID-19 which indicated that, community-based health campaigns are obligatory to hold expectant attitudes and practice appropriate intervention measures. KAP study aimed at other front liners should be urgently addressed.

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Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitic Infestation among Pre-school Children in Skardu, Pakistan

Pakistan Journal of Public Health ◽

10.32413/pjph.v10i1.309 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 11-15

Author(s):

Muhammad Faisal Afridi ◽

Arshad Khushdil ◽

Kulsoom Farhat ◽

Zaheer Ahmed ◽

Hajra Ahmed ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Low Socioeconomic Status ◽

School Children ◽

Intestinal Parasites ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

World Health ◽

Parasitic Infections ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Health Organization ◽

Demographical Data

Background: World Health Organization (WHO) reports that around 270 million pre-school children and over six hundred million school children are likely to be infested with one or more types of the intestinal worms. The helminthic infestations are indicators of the low socioeconomic status, lack of education, lack of good hygienic conditions and inaccessibility to potable water. Our study aimed to estimate prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections among 1 to 5 years old children residing in the district Skardu of Gilgit Baltistan, Pakistan. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out on pre-school children of the district Skardu from August 2016 to January 2017. A sample of 300 children was obtained using non-probability convenience sampling technique. Demographical data was obtained through the structured questionnaire. The stool sample was collected and examined for intestinal parasites. The data was analysed using SPSS. Results: The prevalent intestinal helminths were found to be Ascaris Lumbricoides, Cryptosporidium , Hymenolepis Nana and Giardia with proportion of 22.33% , 14.0% , 9.3% and 8.0% respectively in our study population. 85% children of the sample belonged to low or lower middle socio-economic (SE) groups; correspondingly, increased prevalence of intestinal helminthic infestation was noted in the same SE groups. Conclusion: A high prevalence of these parasitic infections have been found in the children in Sakardu, which increases with age as the children start eating by themselves.

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Assessment of Brushing Techniques in School Children and Its Association with Dental Caries, Omdurman, 2019

International Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.1155/2021/4383418 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Rugaia Eltayeb Hag Maki Ibrahim ◽

Maha O. Helaly ◽

Ehab Mohamed Abdelhlim Ahmed

Keyword(s):

Socioeconomic Status ◽

Dental Caries ◽

Low Socioeconomic Status ◽

School Children ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

World Health ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional

Background. Dental caries are a common infectious disease of childhood. It is a highly prevalent disease among children. Aim. The goal of this study was to assess the different brushing techniques used by school children and to identify if there is an association between brushing techniques and dental caries. Materials and Methods. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among 396 school children (9–12 years old) chosen by convenience sampling technique from schools located in Omdurman locality, Sudan. After consent was taken, students were asked in an interview-based questionnaire about their brushing habits. Consequently, they were examined in an upright position using a sterile mouth mirror and a probe. The examination was carried out by a single examiner to investigate the presence of dental caries. The diagnosis was done based on the World Health Organization diagnostic criteria 2013. The data were analyzed through descriptive statistics and comparison between values using the chi-square test with a P value <0.05. Results. The present study found that the prevalence of dental caries is 70.9%. The combined brushing technique was the most used technique (42.9%). There was no statistical significance between brushing techniques and dental caries ( P value ≤0.330). There was a statistical significance between the periodic change of the toothbrush and dental caries ( P value ≤0.001). There was statistical significance between the level of education of the mother ( P value ≤0.001) and father ( P value ≤0.012) to the brushing technique used by the child as well. Conclusion. Due to a lack of awareness consequent of lower socioeconomic status, only a few percentage of the Sudanese population knows how to implement the correct oral hygiene practices to combat dental caries. It is important to design a specific public health program that particularly targets families of low socioeconomic status, which represents the majority. Dental caries persist as a widespread condition in Sudan as a result of a deficit in these kinds of programs.

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Assessment of Medication Use among University Students in Ethiopia

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1155/2017/4530183 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Dessalegn Asmelashe Gelayee ◽

Gashaw Binega

Keyword(s):

University Students ◽

Medication Use ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Educational Status ◽

Educational Interventions ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Northwest Ethiopia ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Medication Consumption

Background.The extent, nature, and determinants of medication use of individuals can be known from drug utilization studies.Objectives.This study intended to determine medication consumption, sharing, storage, and disposal practices of university students in Northwest Ethiopia.Methods.A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 404 university students selected through stratified random sampling technique. Data were collected using self-administered questionnaire and analyzed with SPSS version 20 statistical software. Pearson’s Chi-square test of independence was conducted withP<0.05taken as statistically significant.Results.At 95.3% response rate, the prevalences of medication consumption and sharing were 35.3% (N=136) and 38.2% (N=147), respectively. One hundred (26%) respondents admitted that they often keep leftover medications for future use while the rest (N=285, 74%) discard them primarily into toilets (N=126, 44.2%). Evidence of association existed between medication taking and year of study (P=0.048), medication sharing and sex (P=0.003), and medication sharing and year of study (P=0.015).Conclusion.There is a high prevalence of medication consumption, medication sharing, and inappropriate disposal practices which are influenced by sex and educational status of the university students. Thus medication use related educational interventions need to be given to students in general.

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The characteristics and risk factors of human papillomavirus infection: an outpatient population-based study in Changsha, Hunan

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-94635-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Bingsi Gao ◽

Yu-Ligh Liou ◽

Yang Yu ◽

Lingxiao Zou ◽

Waixing Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Protective Factor ◽

Hpv Infection ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Categorical Variables ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hpv Dna ◽

Test Kit

AbstractThis cross-sectional study investigated the characteristics of cervical HPV infection in Changsha area and explored the influence of Candida vaginitis on this infection. From 11 August 2017 to 11 September 2018, 12,628 outpatient participants ranged from 19 to 84 years old were enrolled and analyzed. HPV DNA was amplified and tested by HPV GenoArray Test Kit. The vaginal ecology was detected by microscopic and biochemistry examinations. The diagnosis of Candida vaginitis was based on microscopic examination (spores, and/or hypha) and biochemical testing (galactosidase) for vaginal discharge by experts. Statistical analyses were performed using SAS 9.4. Continuous and categorical variables were analyzed by t-tests and by Chi-square tests, respectively. HPV infection risk factors were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression. Of the total number of participants, 1753 were infected with HPV (13.88%). Females aged ≥ 40 to < 50 years constituted the largest population of HPV-infected females (31.26%). The top 5 HPV subtypes affecting this population of 1753 infected females were the following: HPV-52 (28.01%), HPV-58 (14.83%), CP8304 (11.47%), HPV-53 (10.84%), and HPV-39 (9.64%). Age (OR 1.01; 95% CI 1–1.01; P < 0.05) and alcohol consumption (OR 1.30; 95% CI 1.09–1.56; P < 0.01) were found to be risk factors for HPV infection. However, the presence of Candida in the vaginal flora was found to be a protective factor against HPV infection (OR 0.62; 95% CI 0.48–0.8; P < 0.001). Comparing with our previous study of 2016, we conclude that the subtype distribution of HPV infection is relatively constant in Changsha. Our data suggest a negative correlation between vaginal Candida and HPV, however, more radical HPV management is required in this area for perimenopausal women and those who regularly consume alcohol.

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Compliance with Standard Precautions and Associated Factors among Healthcare Workers in Gondar University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia

Journal of Environmental and Public Health ◽

10.1155/2017/2050635 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Tariku Gebre Haile ◽

Eshetu Haileselassie Engeda ◽

Abdella Amano Abdo

Keyword(s):

Healthcare Workers ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Northwest Ethiopia ◽

Management Support ◽

Standard Precautions ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Specialized Hospital

Background. In many studies, compliance with standard precautions among healthcare workers was reported to be inadequate.Objective.The aim of this study was to assess compliance with standard precautions and associated factors among healthcare workers in northwest Ethiopia.Methods.An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March 01 to April 30, 2014. Simple random sampling technique was used to select participants. Data were entered into Epi info 3.5.1 and were exported to SPSS version 20.0 for statistical analysis. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were computed and adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was calculated to identify associated factors.Results.The proportion of healthcare workers who always comply with standard precautions was found to be 12%. Being a female healthcare worker (AOR [95% CI] 2.18 [1.12–4.23]), higher infection risk perception (AOR [95% CI] 3.46 [1.67–7.18]), training on standard precautions (AOR [95% CI] 2.90 [1.20–7.02]), accessibility of personal protective equipment (AOR [95% CI] 2.87 [1.41–5.86]), and management support (AOR [95% CI] 2.23 [1.11–4.53]) were found to be statistically significant.Conclusion and Recommendation.Compliance with standard precautions among the healthcare workers is very low. Interventions which include training of healthcare workers on standard precautions and consistent management support are recommended.

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