Assessment of COVID-19 related knowledge, attitude, practice and professional risk factors associated to develop infection among the police personnel of Bangladesh during the rapid rise period of the outbreak

Background: Bangladesh police have been engaged in different COVID-19 related containment activities consequently they are being badly affected and sacrifice their lives. However, as a newly outbreak pandemic, there may have lack of proper knowledge, attitude and practices in handling to prevent rapid spreading of deadly COVID-19 virus in Bangladesh.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the KAP and associated risk factors with COVID-19 among police personnel during pandemic. Total 2290 police personnel from different metropolitan cities were included and data were collected over telephone interview with an administered questionnaire following a convenient sampling technique. Bivariate associations between categorical variables were examined using Chi-square test. We also explored the independent risk factors for COVID-19 infection using binary logistic regression.Results: Out of 2290 respondents 458 (20%) were found to be COVID-19 positive and majority (42.5%) of them were male (97.5%) and belonged to age group of 31-40 years. Our study showed that an increased risk of COVID-19 infection for those who stayed in police barrack (OR=3.45; 95% CI:1.21-6.42; p<0.021), not practicing social distancing always (OR=2.13; 95% CI:1.12-5.31; p<0.031) and not wearing mask appropriately (OR=2.15; 95% CI: 1.31-4.52; p<0.003). Conclusions: This study provides a unique baseline of KAP and professional risk factors among the police personnel in Bangladesh on COVID-19 which indicated that, community-based health campaigns are obligatory to hold expectant attitudes and practice appropriate intervention measures. KAP study aimed at other front liners should be urgently addressed.

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The characteristics and risk factors of human papillomavirus infection: an outpatient population-based study in Changsha, Hunan

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-94635-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Bingsi Gao ◽

Yu-Ligh Liou ◽

Yang Yu ◽

Lingxiao Zou ◽

Waixing Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Protective Factor ◽

Hpv Infection ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Categorical Variables ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hpv Dna ◽

Test Kit

AbstractThis cross-sectional study investigated the characteristics of cervical HPV infection in Changsha area and explored the influence of Candida vaginitis on this infection. From 11 August 2017 to 11 September 2018, 12,628 outpatient participants ranged from 19 to 84 years old were enrolled and analyzed. HPV DNA was amplified and tested by HPV GenoArray Test Kit. The vaginal ecology was detected by microscopic and biochemistry examinations. The diagnosis of Candida vaginitis was based on microscopic examination (spores, and/or hypha) and biochemical testing (galactosidase) for vaginal discharge by experts. Statistical analyses were performed using SAS 9.4. Continuous and categorical variables were analyzed by t-tests and by Chi-square tests, respectively. HPV infection risk factors were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression. Of the total number of participants, 1753 were infected with HPV (13.88%). Females aged ≥ 40 to < 50 years constituted the largest population of HPV-infected females (31.26%). The top 5 HPV subtypes affecting this population of 1753 infected females were the following: HPV-52 (28.01%), HPV-58 (14.83%), CP8304 (11.47%), HPV-53 (10.84%), and HPV-39 (9.64%). Age (OR 1.01; 95% CI 1–1.01; P < 0.05) and alcohol consumption (OR 1.30; 95% CI 1.09–1.56; P < 0.01) were found to be risk factors for HPV infection. However, the presence of Candida in the vaginal flora was found to be a protective factor against HPV infection (OR 0.62; 95% CI 0.48–0.8; P < 0.001). Comparing with our previous study of 2016, we conclude that the subtype distribution of HPV infection is relatively constant in Changsha. Our data suggest a negative correlation between vaginal Candida and HPV, however, more radical HPV management is required in this area for perimenopausal women and those who regularly consume alcohol.

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WHO Five Keys to Safer Food Handling: Knowledge and Practice among Food Handlers in Sokoto Metropolis, Sokoto, Nigeria

International Journal of TROPICAL DISEASE & Health ◽

10.9734/ijtdh/2021/v42i730470 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 32-42

Author(s):

Ismail Abdullateef Raji ◽

Oche Mansur Oche ◽

Aminu Umar Kaoje ◽

Yahaya Mohammed ◽

Balarabe Adamu Isah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Formal Education ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Food Handlers ◽

Food Handling ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Training Interventions ◽

Knowledge And Practice

Background: The (WHO) developed the five keys to safer food which was designed to be practical and straightforward for food handlers. In recognition of the role they play in preventing Foodborne Disease (FBD) outbreak. In this study, we aimed to determine the knowledge and practice of the five keys to safer food among food handlers in food establishments in Sokoto Metropolis, Nigeria. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study between August and November 2019. We recruited 366 food handlers working in restaurants using a multistage sampling technique. We assessed knowledge and practice of five keys to safer food, and we examined the predictors of knowledge among the participants using chi-square and binary logistic regression at a 5% level of significance. Results: More than two-thirds, 288 (78.7%) less than 40 years and less than half, 163 (44.5%), were involved in cooking the food. One hundred and twenty-seven (34.7%) have greater than five years’ experience. Overall, less than one-quarter, 87 (23.8%) had good knowledge of the five keys to safer food handling. One hundred and thirty-two (36.1%) wash hands before and during preparation most times. Two hundred and fifty-three (69.1%) never wash their hands after using the toilet, and 144 (39.3%).Age (adjusted Odds Ratio [aOR]: 10.05; 95% CI = 4.0 - 21.04), gender (aOR: 2.70 95CI = 1.44 - 5.09) and Education (aOR: 3.67; 95% CI = 1.92 - 7.01) were significant predictors of knowledge. Conclusion: There is poor knowledge, and most of the practices of the five keys to safer food were below the required for food safety. Therefore, we recommend that the Sokoto state ministry of health coordinate training interventions on five keys to safer food with particular attention to those older than 40 years and those without formal education.

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HUBUNGAN FAKTOR RESIKO EKSTRINSIK DENGAN DERAJAT ASMABERULANG PADA PASIEN ASMA BRONKHIAL DI POLIKLINIK PENYAKIT DALAM

JURNAL KESEHATAN PERINTIS (Perintis's Health Journal) ◽

10.33653/jkp.v4i2.232 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 66-70

Author(s):

Dia Resti Dewi Nanda Demur

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Cigarette Smoke ◽

Bronchial Asthma ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Chronic Inflammatory Disease ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways that is characterized recurrent attacks of breathlessness and wheezing, the situation varies in severity and frequency from person to person. Type a descriptive analytic study design with a cross-sectional study, conducted date collectionwas done july 19-2, 2015. in the study population was all patients in the clinic of bronchial asthma disease in hospitals DR.achmad Mochtar Bukittinggi. The sampling technique was accidental sampling using a questionnaire with a sample of 30 people. Analysis of the data was processed and analyzed using a computerized program with univariate and bivariate analysis using chi-square test (p<0,05). The results obtained the majority of respondents exposed to the dust factor in patients with bronchial asthma by 80%, exposure to cigarette smoke as much as 73.3%, and the factor of climate change as much as 70%. Research shows there is a significant association between the risk factors of dust, cigarette smoke risk factors and climate change risk factors (p = 0.046, p = 0.001 and p = 0.004). Based on this study concluded that the degree of asthma in patients with bronchial asthma recurring multi-factor causes. It is advisable in patients with bronchial asthma can determine risk factors for asthma relapse repeatedly to prevent a recurrence. Health services are expected to be able to provide counseling and health education to both family and for patients with bronchial asthma

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Prevalence of hypertension and its risk factors among school teachers in Dhaka, Bangladesh

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20183625 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (9) ◽

pp. 2902 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ripon Barua ◽

Monzurul Alam ◽

Nadira Parvin ◽

Rajib Chowdhury

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Life Style ◽

Family Income ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

School Teachers ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Fresh Vegetables ◽

Service Duration

Background: School teachers in urban area are experiencing sedentary life style behaviors. This study was aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors of hypertension (HTN) among school teachers in Dhaka city.Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out from May to October of 2017. Total 323 school teachers in Dhaka city aged between 25-59 years were enrolled using cluster random sampling technique. Data on socio-demographic profile, different risk factors, co-morbidities, family history and blood pressure (BP) were recorded. HTN was recorded according to pre-defined criteria. Factors associated with HTN analyzed by Chi-square test (χ2).Results: The prevalence of HTN among school teachers was 52%. The mean ± SD age was 46.5±7.8 years. Majority teachers (52%) were earning between 20,000 and 50,000 Bangladeshi Taka per month and about 61.6% had service duration >15 years. Development of HTN was significantly associated with age, monthly family income and service duration (p=0.001). Majority participants were female (65.6%) and female to male ratio was 1.9:1. Female teachers were more hypertensive compared to male (68% vs 32%). Taking extra salt (OR 1.977, 95% CI 1.269-3.079), low intake of fresh vegetables (OR 2.048, 95% CI 1.228-3.416), higher waist circumference (OR 1.990, 95% CI 1.006-3.933) and mental distress (OR 1.724, 95% CI 1.045-2.844) were found to be significantly associated with HTN.Conclusions:The prevalence of HTN was higher among the study participants. Building awareness by promoting healthy life style and behaviors for prevention and control of HTN should be given importance among teachers.

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Schistosoma mansoniInfection and Associated Determinant Factors among School Children in Sanja Town, Northwest Ethiopia

Journal of Parasitology Research ◽

10.1155/2014/792536 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Ligabaw Worku ◽

Demekech Damte ◽

Mengistu Endris ◽

Habtie Tesfa ◽

Mulugeta Aemero

Keyword(s):

School Children ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Northwest Ethiopia ◽

Categorical Variables ◽

Systematic Sampling ◽

Parasitic Infections ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Determinant Factors

Background. Intestinal schistosomiasis is one of the most widespread parasitic infections in tropical and subtropical countries.Objective. To determine the prevalence ofS. mansoniinfection and associated determinant factors among school children in Sanja Town, northwest Ethiopia.Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted from February to March, 2013. 385 school children were selected using stratified proportionate systematic sampling technique. Pretested questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic data and associated determinant factors. Stool samples were examinedusing formol-ether concentration and Kato-Katz technique. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS 20.0 statistical software. Multivariate logistic regression was done for assessing associated risk factors and proportions for categorical variables were compared using chi-square test.Pvalues less than 0.05 were taken as statistically significant.Results. The prevalence ofS. mansoniinfection was 89.9% (n=346). The overall helminthic infection in this study was 96.6% (n=372). Swimming in the river, washing clothes and utensil using river water, crossing the river with bare foot, and fishing activities showed significant association with the occurrence ofS. mansoniinfection.Conclusion.Schistosoma mansoniinfection was high in the study area. Therefore, mass deworming at least twice a year and health education for community are needed.

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Factors associated with knowledge on risk factors of sexual abuse among house girls and house boys in Singida Municipality, Central zone Tanzania: A cross-sectional study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-410346/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

FILMON EMILY ◽

Dedius E. Peter ◽

Walter C. Milanzi ◽

Angelina A. Joho ◽

Fabiola Moshi

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Sexual Abuse ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Nuclear Family ◽

Central Zone ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated

Abstract Background: Sexual abuse is a situation whereby any people or individual entered in any sexual malpractice or sexual contact without his/her will. Sexual abuse among house girls and house boys is among of general medical issue in our nation particularly in the urban areas and towns. The aim of the study was to examine predicators associated with knowledge on risk factors of sexual abuse among house girls and house boys in Singida Municipality.Methods: The cross section study involved a total of 252 participants from the selected house hold in Singida Municipality. A multistage sampling technique was used to obtain sample and data was collected by using self-administered structured questionnaire. Chi-square and logistic regression were used to determine the association between knowledge on risk factors and sexual abuse among house girls and house boys.Results: The large numbers of respondents with mean age of 22years old were single. Only 53.1% of house girls were knowledgeable on risk factors associated with sexual abuse compared to house boys. After control of the confounders the predictors of knowledge about risk factors on sexual abuse were educational level (AOR = 0.332, p = 0.002, 95%CI:0.167; 0.659), how did you find a job(AOR=2.412, p=0.001, 95%CI:1.433; 2.523), and type of family he/she living(AOR=4.672, p=0.002, 95%CI:0.0709; 0.719, nuclear family (AOR=4.023, p=0.023, 95%CI:0.101;0902). Conclusion: The findings depicted that the study participants have inadequate knowledge on risk factors associated with sexual abuse and it discovered that the influencing factors were education level, means of getting a job and type of family.

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A CROSS-SECTIONAL SURVEY OF THE PREVALENCE AND THE RISK FACTORS OF TOBACCO USE AMONGST CONSTRUCTION ARTISANS IN EKITI STATE, NIGERIA

10.1101/2021.04.08.21255137 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Charles Oluwatemitope Olomofe ◽

Caryl Beynon ◽

Kabir Adekunle Durowade ◽

Oluwafunmike Ruth Olomofe

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Tobacco Use ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Multi Stage ◽

Associated Risk Factors ◽

Age Range

Background: Construction artisans are those who perform skilled work relating to the erection or assembly of a large structure. These artisans are prone to tobacco use. This study aims to assess the prevalence and the associated risk factors of tobacco use amongst construction artisans in Ekiti State, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study employed a multi-stage sampling technique to select participants (carpenters and bricklayers) artisans, journeymen, and their apprentices who were working in Ekiti State. Chi-square and logistic regression were used to test for association in bivariate and multivariate analyses respectively. Results: The prevalence of ever-smoke amongst respondents was 19.3%. Multivariate analysis showed that artisans who were within the age range 31-40 years were four times more likely to use tobacco (OR=3.410; CI=1.476-7.878). Similarly, being in school and divorced/separated were associated with tobacco use. Conclusion: Noting the increased prevalence of tobacco use among construction artisans when compared to the general population, and few self-reported cases of addiction amongst users demands action from communities and government at all levels. Keywords Construction artisans, tobacco use, Nigeria

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Prevalence and Factor Associated with Severity of Dysmenorrhea Among Female Adolescent in Surakarta

Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan Soedirman ◽

10.20884/1.jgps.2019.3.1.1463 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 76

Author(s):

Dita Wrisnijati ◽

Budiyanti Wiboworini ◽

Sugiarto Sugiarto

Keyword(s):

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Female Adolescent ◽

Caffeine Intake ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Pain Duration ◽

Pain Prevalence ◽

Age Of Menarche

ABSTRACT Dysmenorrhea is the most common health problem among female adolescent in Indonesia. Generally, dysmenorrhea decreases the quality of life due to negatively impact on every aspects. This study aim to investigate the prevalence and associated factors with severity of dysmenorrhea among female adolescent aged 15-17 years in Surakarta. This cross-sectional study design conducted among 274 female adolescent aged 15-17 years in State Senior High School 7 Surakarta. The samples selected by stratified random sampling technique. Data were analyzed using chi-square and binary logistic regression test. The results of this study showed the prevalence of dysmenorrhea among female adolescent aged 15-17 years was 89.8%. Several factors such as age of menarche (p<0.001; OR=0.08; 95% CI: 0.03-0.18), menstrual duration (p<0.001; OR=7.54; 95% CI: 3.37-16.86), pain onset (p=0.004; OR=3.34; 95% CI: 1.48-7.51), and pain duration (p<0.001; OR=3.96; 95% CI: 2.07-7.51) were found significantly associated with increased severity of dysmenorrhea. Meanwhile, family history of dysmenorrhea (p=0.296), menstrual cycle interval, and caffeine intake were not significantly associated. This study concluded that a high prevalence of dysmenorrhea among female adolescent aged 15-17 years in Surakarta was detected, and factor associated with its severity were age of menarche, menstrual duration, pain onset, and pain duration. Keywords : Primary dysmenorrhea, menstruation, pain, prevalence

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Rural-Urban Differences in Stroke Types, Risk Factors, Severity and Prognosis in Babol, Northern Iran

Elderly Health Journal ◽

10.18502/ehj.v4i2.258 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Payam Saadat ◽

Alijan Ahmadi Ahangar ◽

Soraya Khafri ◽

Mandana Kalantar ◽

Azin Dariaie ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Chi Square ◽

Northern Iran ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Urban And Rural Areas ◽

Rural Patients

Introduction: Stroke recognized as the third most common cause of death. Stroke survivors often suffer a large amount of physical and mental disability. Due to assess difference between stroke types, progression and distribution of risk factors according to residential status, to get the correct information for prevention planning and management, this study was conducted. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study on stroke patient from 2016 to 2017 that admitted to Ayatollah Rohani Hospital of Babol was conducted. Type of stroke, their severity, risk factors, and urban or rural area of residence of patients were recorded in the checklist. The chi-square test was used to compare frequencies of gender, and stroke risk assessment between the urban and rural residents. Binary logistic regression modeling was used to estimate the association of risk factors with living in urban and rural areas. The results were expressed as multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CIs). A two-sided p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. All data analyses were performed, using SPSS statistical analysis software. Results: Of 241 stroke patients, 133 patients (55 %) were female and 213 patients (88.4 %) were ischemic. Also, 140 cases were (58 %) rural. Embolic strokes more in urban population and thrombotic strokes were more in rural populations. Hyperlipidemia was more in urban than rural p = 0.01. Severity of stroke in admission time (p = 0.03) and at discharge (p = 0.005) was more in rural than urban. The mortality was higher in rural 12 (8.6) vs. 2 (2) urban resident,( p = 0.03). Conclusion: Rural patients had more severity, thrombotic type and mortality than urban. Suitable policy regard to residential parameter is suggested.

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Perception of Women regarding Respectful Maternity Care during Facility-Based Childbirth

Obstetrics and Gynecology International ◽

10.1155/2020/5142398 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Pratima Pathak ◽

Bijaya Ghimire

Keyword(s):

Maternity Care ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Respectful Maternity Care ◽

Human Right ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Medical College ◽

Chi Square Test

Background. Respectful care during childbirth has been described as “a universal human right that encompasses the principles of ethics and respect for women’s feelings, dignity, choices, and preferences.” Many women experience a lack of respectful and abusive care during childbirth across the globe. Objective. This study aimed to determine women’s perception of respectful maternity care (RMC) during facility-based childbirth. Method. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 150 mothers admitted to the maternity ward of Nepal Medical College and Teaching Hospital using a purposive sampling technique. Data were collected through an interview technique by using a validated tool containing 15 items each measured on a scale of 5. Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 16 was used for data analysis. Frequency, percentage, mean score, standard deviation, chi-square test, and binary logistic regression were used to analyze descriptive and inferential statistics. Results. In total, 84.7% of the women reported that they have experienced overall RMC services with a mean score ± SD (61.70 ± 12.12). Though the majority of the women reported that they have experienced RMC services, they also revealed that they have experienced disrespectful care in various forms such as being shouted upon (30.0%), being slapped (18.7%), delayed service provision (22.7%), and not talking positively about pain and relief during childbirth (28.0%). Likewise, length of stay, parity, and time of delivery were found as factors that influenced friendly care (COR = 0.383, 95% CI: 0.157–0.934), abuse-free care (COR = 3.663, 95% CI: 1.607–8.349), and timely care (COR = 2.050, 95% CI: 1.031–4.076) dimensions of RMC, respectively. Conclusion. Even though RMC emphasizes eliminating disrespectful and abusive environment from health facilities, 15.0% of participants perceived that they have not experienced overall RMC services. So, the health facility should focus on the interventions which ensure that every woman receives this basic human dignity during one of the most vulnerable times in their lives.

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