scholarly journals Sea Buckthorn and Grape Antioxidant Effects in Hyperlipidemic Rats: Relationship with the Atorvastatin Therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Erieg A. Mohamed ◽  
Despina M. Bordean ◽  
Isidora Radulov ◽  
Răzvan F. Moruzi ◽  
Călin I. Hulea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Sea Buckthorn ◽  
Cellular Damage ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Grape Extract ◽  
Atorvastatin Therapy ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
And Control

Background. Medications to reduce oxidative stress are preventing cellular damage associated with hyperlipidemia. In this regard, statins (e.g., atorvastatin) act primarily by decrease in low-density lipoprotein-c but, in the last decade, hepatotoxicity, associated with liver injuries in the next months after treatments’ initiation, was reported. In this case, associated phytotherapy can be a solution. Purpose. To investigate the antioxidant potential and response to free radicals, in the case of hyperlipidemic rats treated with atorvastatin. Sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides) and a grape extract (antioxivita) efficiency in the oxidative stress were investigated, also being ascertained the rats’ organs cytoarchitecture. Methods. Eighty-four hyperlipidemic Wistar rats were divided into seven groups and orally treated as follows: ATS, atorvastatin (20 mg/kg·bw); ATS + Hr, atorvastatin + H. rhamnoides; ATS + Aox, atorvastatin + grape extract; Hr, H. rhamnoides; and Aox, grape extract (both as 100 mg/kg·bw). HFD and Control received high fat diet and normal fodder only. After two and six months, respectively, rats were euthanized and the heart, liver, and kidneys were gathered. The tissue samples were prepared by homogenization of 0.5 g tissue, in ethanol, kept for 48 hours at 4°C–10°C and then filtered, in order to assess organs’ cytoarchitecture and the TAC’s values (by using cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) assay). The test tubes were incubated, at room temperature, for 30 minutes, and then analyzed using a spectrophotometer at 450–650 nm. Results. The statistics (ANOVA) revealed that sea buckthorn diminished notably (p<0.001) the oxidative stress in the heart, liver, and kidney. After six months, the TAC’s reduced levels for the heart were significant (p<0.001) in ATS + Aox. In the case of histology, the liver’s cytoarchitecture in ATS revealed abnormal cytoarchitecture. In ATS + Hr, ATS + Aox, Hr, and Aox, cell regeneration improved in different stages, especially for ATS + Hr and ATS + Aox, in comparison with HFD, which exhibited fat degeneration. Kidney’s cytoarchitecture revealed cellular healing, especially in ATS + Hr and ATS + Aox.

scholarly journals ROASTED CASHEW NUT KERNEL (ANACARDIUM OCCIDENTALE L.) SUPPLEMENTATION IMPROVES HEPATIC AND RENAL STATUS BUT NOT LIPID PROFILE IN RATS

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Ademola Clement Famurewa ◽  
Innocent Abi ◽  
Emmanuel U Eru
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Anacardium Occidentale ◽  
Oxidative Stress Markers ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Cashew Nut ◽  
Dietary Consumption ◽  
Liver And Kidney

ABSTRACTObjective: Although studies suggest that nut consumption is associated with a variety of beneficial health outcomes, however, there is a dearth of datain the literature to document this effect for roasted cashew nut kernel (RCNK). Our objective was to determine whether dietary consumption of RCNKcould improve lipid profile, hepatic and renal status in rats.Methods: A total of 24 rats were randomly divided into four groups: A control and three experimental groups fed with roasted cashew nutsupplementeddietatdifferentconcentrationsfor28consecutivedays.Aftertheexperimentalperiod,ratswereanesthetized withether andretroorbitalbloodsampleswerewithdrawn.Serumsamples wereobtained toanalyzelipid profile,markersof oxidativestress,hepatic andrenalstatususingstandardmethods.Results: The supplemented diet significantly decreased the liver function parameters in rats. All the concentrations of RCNK in diets significantlyreduced serum creatinine and urea levels. However, total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) were significantly increased,whereas oxidative stress markers and malondialdehyde were improved by the supplemented diet, although insignificantly, as compared with thecontrol.Conclusions: These results suggest that RCNK may have beneficial health effects on the liver and kidney status although marked improvement wasnot demonstrated in oxidative stress markers. However, the significant increase in serum total and LDL-C indicates the need for further studies.Keywords: Roasted cashew nut, Anacardium occidentale, Lipid profile, Liver enzymes, Oxidative stress.

scholarly journals Impairment of Hepatic and Renal Functions by 2,5-Hexanedione Is Accompanied by Oxidative Stress in Rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaac A. Adedara ◽  
Amos O. Abolaji ◽  
Blessing E. Odion ◽  
Isioma J. Okwudi ◽  
Abiola A. Omoloja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Toxic Metabolite ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Serum Aminotransferases ◽  
Kidney Functions ◽  
Dose Dependent Increase

2,5-Hexanedione (2,5-HD) is the toxic metabolite of n-hexane which is widely used as solvent in numerous industries. The present study elucidated the precise mechanism of 2,5-HD in hepatorenal toxicity by determining the involvement of oxidative stress in rats. Adult male Wistar rats were exposed to 0, 0.25, 0.5, and 1% 2,5-HD in drinking water for 21 days. Exposure to 2,5-HD caused liver and kidney atrophy evidenced by significant elevation in serum aminotransferases, alkaline phosphatase, albumin, bilirubin, urea, creatinine, and electrolytes levels compared with control. The marked dose-dependent increase in total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) was accompanied with significant decrease in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels in 2,5-HD-exposed animals when compared with the control. Administration of 2,5-HD significantly diminished glutathione (GSH) level but increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) concomitantly with marked elevation in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in liver and kidney of the treated groups compared with control. These findings suggest that undue exposure to 2,5-HD at environmentally relevant levels may impair liver and kidney functions through induction of oxidative stress.

Effect of Turmeric and Ginger on Lipid Profile in Male Rats Exposed to Oxidative Stress

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eman A. Al-Rekabi ◽  
Dheyaa K. Alomer ◽  
Rana Talib Al-Muswie ◽  
Khalid G. Al-Fartosi
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Very Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Low Density

The present study aimed to investigate the effect of turmeric and ginger on lipid profile of male rats exposed to oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide H2O2 at a concentration of 1% given with consumed drinking water to male rats. Methods: 200 mg/kg from turmeric and ginger were used, and the animals were treatment for 30 days. Results: the results showed a significant increase in cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein (LDL), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), whereas it explained a significant decrease in high density lipoprotein (HDL) of male rats exposed to oxidative stress when compared with control group. the results showed a significant decrease in cholesterol, triglycerides, (LDL), (VLDL), whereas it explained a significant increase in (HDL) of rats treated with turmeric and ginger at dose 200 mg/kg when compared with male rats exposed to oxidative stress.

LncRNA OIP5-AS1 accelerates ox-LDL-treated HUVECs injury by NF-κB pathway via miR-30c-5p

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Qiulai Li ◽  
Yanxia Chen ◽  
Qiao Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Cells ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Cell Counting ◽  
Luciferase Reporter ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Interacting Protein ◽  
Rna Immunoprecipitation

BACKGROUND: Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) could induce endothelial injury and played a vital role in the progression and development of atherosclerosis. This study aimed to investigate the role of Opa-interacting protein 5 antisense RNA 1 (OIP5-AS1) in ox-LDL-induced human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs) injury and the potential mechanisms. METHODS: Cell proliferation and apoptosis were evaluated by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and flow cytometry assay, respectively. The levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and nitric oxide (NO) were detected by corresponding detection kits, respectively. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was conducted to measure the expression of OIP5-AS1 or microRNA-30c-5p (miR-30c-5p) in HUVECs. Binding between OIP5-AS1 and miR-30c-5p was predicted through bioinformatics analysis and confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP). Western blot was used to analyze p-IκB, IκB, p-p65 and p65 levels. RESULTS: In HUVECs, exposure to ox-LDL led to a decrease in cell viability and an increase in LDH release and apoptosis with concomitant enhancement of oxidative stress, as evidenced by increased ROS and MDA generation, as well as decreased SOD activity and NO levels, while OIP5-AS1 knockdown or miR-30c-5p upregulation could rescue these effects above. Mechanically, OIP5-AS1 functioned as a sponge of miR-30c-5p. OIP5-AS1-induced injury and apoptosis, oxidative stress and activation of NF-κB pathway were reversed by miR-30c-5p in ox-LDL-treated HUVECs. CONCLUSION: OIP5-AS1 contributed to ox-LDL-treated HUVECs injury by activation of NF-κB pathway via miR-30c-5p.

Karate Training Improves Metabolic Health in Overweight and Obese Adolescents: A Randomized Clinical Trial

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Fabricio de Souza ◽  
Luciano Acordi da Silva ◽  
Gisele Santinoni Ferreira ◽  
Márcia Mendonça Marcos de Souza ◽  
Franciane Bobinski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Psychological Interventions ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Stress Markers

Purpose: This study evaluated the effects of 12 weeks of karate training on cardiometabolic parameters, oxidative stress, and inflammation in adolescents with overweight and obesity. Method: Seventy adolescents were randomized into 2 groups: control received nutritional and psychological interventions once a week for 12 weeks, and treatment received nutritional and psychological interventions once a week, plus 3 karate sessions per week, for 12 weeks. The main outcome measure was improvement in cardiometabolic parameters, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Results: After the intervention period, the treatment group showed a reduction in resting heart rate (77.86 [10.89]), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (40.86 [8.31]), and triglycerides (75.18 [32.29]) and an increase in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (95.64 [42.53]) in relation to pretraining. Regarding oxidative stress markers, there was a reduction in protein carbonylation (0.07 [0.06]) and nitric oxide (1.39 [1.11]) and an increase in superoxide dismutase (0.68 [0.31]) and glutathione (0.11 [0.08]) compared with pretraining. With respect to inflammation, adiponectin increased (14.54 [5.36]) after the intervention when compared with preintervention. Conclusion: The study concluded that the intervention may improve cardiometabolic parameters, oxidative stress, and inflammation in adolescents with overweight and obesity. Long-term effects need to be evaluated.

scholarly journals In vivo and in silico investigations of the toxicological and analgesic properties of unprocessed Aloe vera gel in experimental rat models

2018 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 727-735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subhashis Paul ◽  
Arnab Chakraborty ◽  
Debabrata Modak ◽  
Arnab Sen ◽  
Soumen Bhattacharjee
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Complementary Medicines ◽  
Aloe Vera Gel ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Aloe Gel

Aloe vera is a commonly used plant in both food and medicine industry. The potential toxicological side-effects of prolonged intake of Aloe extract have not been evaluated in detail. This work presents an in-depth toxicological study of the crude unprocessed A. vera gel in experimental rats. Acute and sub-chronic toxicity was evaluated in a 1 to 28-day long feeding schedule of the aqueous homogenized gel material. Hemoglobin, total protein, high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), cholesterol, triglyceride, serum creatinine, serum alanine transaminase (SGPT), aspartate transaminase (SGOT) and alkaline phosphatase were examined and kidney and liver histology was performed. In the acute toxicity test, the behavioral aspects were also considered. A molecular docking assay was performed to investigate the binding affinities of pure A. vera compounds with liver and kidney toxicological marker enzymes, in order to assess the probable mode of action of selected Aloe constituents. Solubility factors for the active constituents were also studied to determine their possible miscibility with body fluids. The results from in vivo tests provided no major toxicological indications. Crude Aloe gel consumption up to 4 g/kg body weight (b.w.) showed no toxicological side effects. From the structural standpoint, Aloe-based bioactive molecules, such as Aloe-emodin, acetophenone, ?-sitosterol, cholestenol and squalene showed promising binding affinity to qualify as alternative and complementary medicines. The synergistic roles of all A. vera constituents remain to be validated in human disease models.

scholarly journals Effects of Quercetin Supplementation on Lipid and Protein Metabolism after Classic Boxing Training

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Nevzat Demirci ◽  
Mehmet Akif Ziyagil
Keyword(s):  
Protein Metabolism ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Physical Conditioning ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Metabolic Fitness

The metabolic fitness (MF) is a component of athletes’ physical conditioning. This study aims to investigate the effects of quercetin supplementation on Turkish Junior athletes’ lipid and protein metabolism relating to MF after one month classic boxing training. Totally 20 voluntary junior male athletes were separated into two equal groups as the experimental group (EG) and control group (CG). The participants were supplemented with 500 mg quercetin fifteen minutes before each workout in one month boxing training program. Blood samples during pre and post training were taken from athletes in order to determine metabolic fitness related parameters. Lipid profile contains low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), trigliserid (TG), total cholesterol (TC) variables while protein metabolism includes the albumin, total protein, direct bilirubin and total bilirubin parameters. The Mann Whitney U analyzes were used for comparison of the means between experimental and control groups during pre and posttest and between pre and post test results in experimental and control groups. This study showed that EG had a similar physical characteristic with CG. There were significant decrease in TC and LDL-C and an increase in HDL-C in EG while there was only significant increase in HDL-C of in controls. A significant difference of HDL-C was observed between EG and CG during pretest. In other side, TC and LDL-C and HDL-C were significantly differentiated between EG and CG during posttest. Conclusion: it can be concluded that quercetin plays an important role on lipid metabolism not protein.

scholarly journals Effect of atorvastatin on oxidative stress parameters and lipid profile in type 2 diabetic patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Najah RH ◽  
Mohammad AAH ◽  
Ammar RMR
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Oxidative Stress Parameters ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic ◽  
Stress Parameters

Introduction: Evidence has long existed regarding the relationship between oxidative stress and diabetes. The present study was conducted to assess the effect of atorvastatin on selected oxidative stress parameters in the form of reduced glutathione (GSH), lipid peroxidation byproduct malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, glutathione –S- transferase (GST) activity and catalase (CAT) activity) and its effect on lipid profile (total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) in dyslipidaemic type 2 diabetic patients . Materials and Methods: Fifty nine dyslipidaemic type 2 diabetic patients were included in this study. Full history was taken and general examination of patients was performed. Patients studied were taking glibenclamide (an oral hypoglycaemic drug) during the study as a treatment for their disease. These patients were followed up for 60 days and divided randomly into 2 groups. Group I (n = 31): no drug was given and served as dyslipidaemic diabetic control. Group II (n = 28): received atorvastatin tablets 20 mg once daily at night. Of the 59 Fifty patients, 46 completed the study while 13 patients withdrew. This is due to non compliance of the patients. Blood samples were drawn from the patients at the beginning and after 60 days of follow up between 8:30 & 10:30 am after at least 12-14 hours fast. Fasting blood glucose, lipid profile, selected oxidative stress parameters (GSH, MDA levels, GST and CAT activities) were measured. Renal and hepatic functions were also assessed. Results: This study revealed that: atorvastatin treatment increased serum GSH; reduced MDA levels significantly while did not significantly affect CAT and GST activity. In atorvastatin treatment, TC, TG, LDL and VLDL decreased significantly while HDL increased significantly. Conclusion: There was insignificant correlations between atorvastatin induced changes in the oxidation markers and the observed changes of the lipid profile.

Abstract 302: Presence of Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein in the Left Ventricular Blood of Subjects with Cardiovascular Diseases

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandrakala Aluganti Narasimhulu ◽  
Dmitry Litvinov ◽  
Danielle Jones ◽  
Chittoor Sai-Sudhakar ◽  
Michael Fristenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Paraoxonase 1 ◽  
Left Ventricular Ejection ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Oxidized Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Peripheral Tissues ◽  
Significant Difference

Hypothesis: Oxidized low density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL) has properties that profoundly affect cardiovascular function. We hypothesized that Ox-LDL is likely to be formed in the left ventricular blood (LVB) when the heart is subjected to ischemic conditions and the ejection fraction (EF) is low. We speculated whether “stagnation” of LDL in the LV could result in increased formation of Ox-LDL. Objective: We studied whether there is an increased level of Ox-LDL in the LVB as opposed to peripheral blood (PB), and whether its presence correlated with the EF. Also we examined whether a higher level of Ox-LDL negatively correlated with the activity of paraoxonase 1 (PON 1). Methods: Following the Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval, 62 HF patients were enrolled in the study. All patients underwent pre-operative transthoracic echocardiographic assessment of ventricular function. Left ventricular ejection fractions were determined using the Simpsons bi-plane technique. 2ml of LVB and 5ml of PB samples were taken before coronary artery bypass surgery, or a surgery with replacement of mitral, aortic or tricuspid valve. Blood level of Ox-LDL was determined by ELISA (Mercodia), and PON 1 activity was determined by the rate of conversion of its substrate p-nitrophenyl acetate into p-nitrophenol. Results: The result showed significant increase in Ox-LDL in LVB as compared to PB (p=0.032) in HF subjects even when EF was near normal. There was no significant increase in subjects with lower EF. In contrast, Ox-LDL levels increased in the PB of subjects with lower EF and reached those of LVB. We also noticed that there was a statistically significant negative correlation between EF and Ox-LDL levels in both LVB and PB (p < 0.05). The activity of PON1, an antioxidant enzyme that protects LDL from oxidation showed decreased levels both in LV blood as well as in PB with decreased EF. It was observed that there was a statistically significant difference in PON1 levels between LV and PB of subjects having EF>60% (p = 0.03). Conclusions: In conclusion the results suggest that there might be oxidative stress associated with LVB even when the EF is not compromised. In contrast, the increase in PB Ox-LDL with poor EF might suggest that the low blood flow to peripheral tissues and end organs also might contribute to increased oxidative stress. The results also might suggest that persistent oxidative stress could have affected the clearance mechanisms of Ox-LDL.

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