scholarly journals Circular RNAs in Gastric Cancer: Potential Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Jiafeng Ouyang ◽  
Zhi Long ◽  
Guoqing Li
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Therapeutic Targets ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Circular Rnas ◽  
Clinical Value ◽  
Treatment Measures ◽  
Potential Biomarkers ◽  
Established Group

Circular RNAs (circRNAs), as a recently established group of endogenous noncoding RNAs, have been involved in the occurrence and development of different malignancies. Gastric cancer (GC) remains a globally significant contributor to death in cancer patients due to insufficient early diagnosis, limited treatment measures, and poor prognosis. An increasing number of studies have found that many circRNAs are dysregulated in GC and are closely associated with its tumorigenesis and metastasis. Thus, circRNAs have the potential to serve as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and even therapeutic targets. This review comprehensively summarizes the most recent findings on how circRNAs influence GC progression and their clinical value. In addition, we present several methological deficiencies in the studies and provide some promising ideas for future research.

Identification of novel autoantibodies in ascites of relapsed paclitaxel-resistant gastric cancer with peritoneal metastasis using immunome protein microarrays and proteomics

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Zhongyin Yang ◽  
Chao Yan ◽  
Wentao Liu ◽  
Wei Xu ◽  
Chen Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Effective Treatment ◽  
Peritoneal Metastasis ◽  
Quantitative Proteomics ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Protein Microarrays ◽  
Tandem Mass ◽  
Tandem Mass Tag ◽  
Resistant Group ◽  
Potential Biomarkers

BACKGROUND: Gastric cancer (GC) patients with peritoneal metastasis usually have extremely poor prognosis. Intraperitoneal infusion of paclitaxel (PTX) provides an effective treatment, but relapse and PTX-resistance are unavoidable disadvantages, and it is difficult to monitor the occurrence of PTX-resistance. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to explore novel autoantibodies in the ascites of individuals with relapsed PTX-resistant GC with peritoneal metastasis. METHODS: Ascites samples were collected before PTX infusion and after the relapse in 3 GC patients. To determine the expression of significantly changed proteins, we performed autoantibody profiling with immunome protein microarrays and tandem mass tag (TMT) quantitative proteomics, and then, the overlapping proteins were selected. RESULTS: Thirty-eight autoantibodies that were differentially expressed between the ascites in the untreated group and relapsed PTX-resistant group were identified. For confirmation of the results, TMT quantitative proteomics was performed, and 842 dysregulated proteins were identified. Four proteins, TPM3, EFHD2, KRT19 and vimentin, overlapped between these two assays. CONCLUSIONS: Our results first revealed that TPM3, EFHD2, KRT19 and vimentin were novel autoantibodies in the ascites of relapsed PTX-resistant GC patients. These autoantibodies may be used as potential biomarkers to monitor the occurrence of PTX-resistance.

Intestinal bacteria are potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for gastric cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 151 ◽  
pp. 104747
Author(s):  
Shili Liu ◽  
Jianjian Dai ◽  
Xiang Lan ◽  
Bingbing Fan ◽  
Tianyi Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Therapeutic Targets ◽  
Intestinal Bacteria ◽  
Potential Biomarkers

TP53 mutation and BUBR1 overexpression characterize the DNA aneuploidy of gastric cancer.

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e15039-e15039
Author(s):  
Eiji Oki ◽  
Koji Ando ◽  
Satoshi Ida ◽  
Yasue Kimura ◽  
Hiroshi Saeki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Tp53 Mutation ◽  
Nuclear Dna Content ◽  
Tp53 Gene ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Aberrant Expression ◽  
Dna Aneuploidy

e15039 Background: Gastric cancers show a high frequency of DNA aneuploidy, which is a phenotype of chromosomal instability. Gastric carcinomas with aneuploidy have been shown to have higher proliferative activity and metastatic or invasive potential than diploid tumors, which leads to a poor prognosis. It has been suggested that an abnormal spindle assembly checkpoint is involved in DNA aneuploidy, but the underlying mechanism is still unclear. In this study, we focused on the TP53 gene and BUBR1 protein in gastric cancer to elucidate their relation with the features of DNA aneuploidy. Methods: The study included 178 unselected Japanese patients with primary gastric cancer who underwent gastrectomy between 1994 and 2006 at Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka. DNA ploidy status, TP53 gene status, and BUBR1 expression were analyzed. Nuclear DNA content was measured using laser scanning cytometry. The TP53 gene was amplified from exon 5 to exon 9, including exon-intron junctions, by PCR using p53 primers (Nippon Gene, Tokyo, Japan) and Ex Taq DNA polymerase (TaKaRa Bio Inc., Tokyo, Japan). Results: DNA aneuploidy was identified in 108 cases, and TP53 gene mutation was seen in 28 of 143 cases. Both DNA aneuploidy and TP53-mutated tumors correlated with high age and differentiated type tumors. BUBR1 aberrant expression, investigated using immunohistochemistry, was seen in 89 cases, and it correlated with malignant features such as deep invasion, and lymph node and liver metastases. DNA aneuploidy was significantly related to high BUBR1 expression (P = 0.0055), and a more significant relation was found between DNA aneuploidy and TP53mutation (P = 0.0032). Tumors with high BUBR1 expression showed poor prognosis. Conclusions: DNA aneuploidy is associated with the carcinogenesis and prognosis of gastric cancer. Therefore, there has been considerable interest in targeting cell cycle checkpoints, particularly in emerging and alternative anticancer strategies. The development of selection markers to aid in the selection of appropriate therapies for patients will be the primary focus of future research. TP53 mutation and BUBR1 expression may provide clinically useful diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic information.

scholarly journals Circular RNAs and Hepatocellular Carcinoma: New Epigenetic Players With Diagnostic and Prognostic Roles

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kedeerya Aishanjiang ◽  
Xin-dong Wei ◽  
Yi Fu ◽  
Xinjie Lin ◽  
Yujie Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Therapeutic Targets ◽  
Circular Rnas ◽  
Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Novel Targets

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide. Due to the lack of potent diagnosis and prognosis biomarkers and effective therapeutic targets, the overall prognosis of survival is poor in HCC patients. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of novel endogenous non-coding RNAs with covalently closed loop structures and implicated in diverse physiological processes and pathological diseases. Recent studies have demonstrated the involvement of circRNAs in HCC diagnosis, prognosis, development, and drug resistance, suggesting that circRNAs may be a class of novel targets for improving HCC diagnosis, prognosis, and treatments. In fact, some artificial circRNAs have been engineered and showed their therapeutic potential in treating HCV infection and gastric cancer. In this review, we introduce the potential of circRNAs as biomarkers for HCC diagnosis and prognosis, as therapeutic targets for HCC treatments and discuss the challenges in circRNA research and chances of circRNA application.

scholarly journals Homeobox proteins are potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in gastric cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Jin ◽  
Lu Dai ◽  
lan Yi Ma ◽  
yan Jia Wang ◽  
hao Hai Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Tumour Size ◽  
Therapeutic Targets ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Clinical Value ◽  
Hox Proteins ◽  
Aberrant Expression ◽  
Hox Protein

Abstract Background: An increasing number of studies have described the aberrant expression of homeobox (HOX) proteins in gastric cancer (GC), which is critically associated with the prognosis and clinicopathological characteristics of GC. This study was conducted to investigate the clinical value and action mechanisms of HOX proteins in GC. Methods: A comprehensive search of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Library was performed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement. The pooled hazard ratio (HR) with its 95% confidence interval (95% CI) and the pooled odds ratio (OR) with its 95% CI were used to assess the effect of HOX protein expression on the prognosis and clinicopathological features of GC, respectively. Results: Nineteen studies containing 3775 patients were selected for this study. Heterogeneity among HRs of overall survival (OS) was markedly high (I2=90.5%, p=0.000). According to the subgroup analysis, increased expression of HOX protein in the downregulated subgroup was associated with a good prognosis for patients with GC (pooled HR: 0.46, 95% CI: 0.36-0.59, I2=3.1%, p=0.377), while overexpression of HOX protein in the upregulated subgroup was correlated with a reduced OS (pooled HR: 2.59, 95% CI: 1.79-3.74, I2=73.5%, p=0.000). The aberrant expression of HOX protein was crucially related to the TNM stage, depth of tumour invasion, tumour size, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, vascular invasion, histological differentiation and Lauren classification in patients with GC. In addition, the molecular mechanisms by which HOX proteins regulate tumorigenesis and development of GC were also explored. Conclusions: HOX proteins play vital roles in GC progression, which might serve as prognostic markers and therapeutic targets for GC.

scholarly journals Functional and Clinical Impact of CircRNAs in Oral Cancer

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1041 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ion Cristóbal ◽  
Cristina Caramés ◽  
Jaime Rubio ◽  
Marta Sanz-Alvarez ◽  
Melani Luque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Clinical Impact ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Circular Rnas ◽  
Clinical Value ◽  
Cancer Pathogenesis ◽  
Novel Biomarkers

The increasing number of recently published works regarding the role of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in oral cancer highlights the key contribution of this novel class of endogenous noncoding RNAs as regulators of critical signaling pathways and their clinical value as novel biomarkers. This review summarizes and puts into context the existing literature in order to clarify the relevance of circRNAs as novel mediators of oral cancer pathogenesis as well as their potential usefulness as predictors of clinical outcome and response to therapy in this disease.

scholarly journals Bioinformatics Analysis of Key Genes and circRNA-miRNA-mRNA Regulatory Network in Gastric Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiting Tian ◽  
Yang Xing ◽  
Zheng Zhang ◽  
Rui Peng ◽  
Luyu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Gene Expression Omnibus ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Receptor Interaction ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Circular Rnas ◽  
Ppi Network ◽  
Protein Protein Interaction

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignancies in the world, with morbidity and mortality ranking second among all cancers. Accumulating evidences indicate that circular RNAs (circRNAs) are closely correlated with tumorigenesis. However, the mechanisms of circRNAs still remain unclear. This study is aimed at determining hub genes and circRNAs and analyzing their potential biological functions in GC. Expression profiles of mRNAs and circRNAs were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) data sets of GC and paracancer tissues. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially expressed circRNAs (DE-circRNAs) were identified. The target miRNAs of DE-circRNAs and the bidirectional interaction between target miRNAs and DEGs were predicted. Functional analysis was performed, and the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and the circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network were established. A total of 456 DEGs and 2 DE-circRNAs were identified with 3 mRNA expression profiles and 2 circRNA expression profiles. GO analysis indicated that DEGs were mainly enriched in extracellular matrix and cell adhesion, and KEGG confirmed that DEGs were mainly associated with focal adhesion, the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, extracellular matrix- (ECM)- receptor interaction, and gastric acid secretion. 15 hub DEGs (BGN, COL1A1, COL1A2, FBN1, FN1, SPARC, SPP1, TIMP1, UBE2C, CCNB1, CD44, CXCL8, COL3A1, COL5A2, and THBS1) were identified from the PPI network. Furthermore, the survival analysis indicate that GC patients with a high expression of the following 9 hub DEGs, namely, BGN, COL1A1, COL1A2, FBN1, FN1, SPARC, SPP1, TIMP1, and UBE2C, had significantly worse overall survival. The circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network was constructed based on 1 circRNA, 15 miRNAs, and 45 DEGs. In addition, the 45 DEGs included 5 hub DEGs. These results suggested that hub DEGs and circRNAs could be implicated in the pathogenesis and development of GC. Our findings provide novel evidence on the circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network and lay the foundation for future research of circRNAs in GC.

scholarly journals Progress and Prospects of Long Noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 423-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Li ◽  
Jing Chen ◽  
Kai Zhang ◽  
Bing Feng ◽  
Rui Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Massively Parallel Sequencing ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Therapeutic Targets ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Massively Parallel ◽  
Sequencing Technology ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Noninvasive Markers

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most frequently occurring cancers with poor prognosis, and novel diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for HCC are urgently required. With the advance of high-resolution microarrays and massively parallel sequencing technology, lncRNAs are suggested to play critical roles in the tumorigenesis and development of human HCC. To date, dysregulation of many HCC-related lncRNAs such as HULC, HOTAIR, MALAT1, and H19 have been identified. From transcriptional “noise” to indispensable elements, lncRNAs may re-write the central dogma. Also, lncRNAs found in body fluids have demonstrated their utility as fluid-based noninvasive markers for clinical use and as therapeutic targets for HCC. Even though several lncRNAs have been characterized, the underlying mechanisms of their contribution to HCC remain unknown, and many important questions about lncRNAs need resolving. A better understanding of the molecular mechanism in HCC-related lncRNAs will provide a rationale for novel effective lncRNA-based targeted therapies. In this review, we highlight the emerging roles of lncRNAs in HCC, and discuss their potential clinical applications as biomarkers for the diagnosis, prognosis, monitoring and treatment of HCC.

scholarly journals Tetraspanins: Novel Molecular Regulators of Gastric Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Deng ◽  
Sicheng Cai ◽  
Jian Shen ◽  
Huiming Peng
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Clinical Value ◽  
Gastric Cancer Cells ◽  
Cancer Cell Growth ◽  
Cancer Treatments ◽  
Motility Regulation ◽  
Clinicopathological Significance ◽  
Cancer Tissues

Gastric cancer is the fourth and fifth most common cancer worldwide in men and women, respectively. However, patients with an advanced stage of gastric cancer still have a poor prognosis and low overall survival rate. The tetraspanins belong to a protein superfamily with four hydrophobic transmembrane domains and 33 mammalian tetraspanins are ubiquitously distributed in various cells and tissues. They interact with other membrane proteins to form tetraspanin-enriched microdomains and serve a variety of functions including cell adhesion, invasion, motility, cell fusion, virus infection, and signal transduction. In this review, we summarize multiple utilities of tetraspanins in the progression of gastric cancer and the underlying molecular mechanisms. In general, the expression of TSPAN8, CD151, TSPAN1, and TSPAN4 is increased in gastric cancer tissues and enhance the proliferation and invasion of gastric cancer cells, while CD81, CD82, TSPAN5, TSPAN9, and TSPAN21 are downregulated and suppress gastric cancer cell growth. In terms of cell motility regulation, CD9, CD63 and CD82 are metastasis suppressors and the expression level is inversely associated with lymph node metastasis. We also review the clinicopathological significance of tetraspanins in gastric cancer including therapeutic targets, the development of drug resistance and prognosis prediction. Finally, we discuss the potential clinical value and current limitations of tetraspanins in gastric cancer treatments, and provide some guidance for future research.

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