scholarly journals Neuroprotection of Tropical Fruit Juice Mixture via the Reduction of iNOS Expression and CRH Level in β-Amyloid-Induced Rats Model of Alzheimer’s Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theng Choon Ooi ◽  
Munirah Ahmad Munawar ◽  
Nur Hasnieza Mohd Rosli ◽  
Siti Nur Aqilah Abdul Malek ◽  
Hanisah Rosli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Fruit Juice ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Inos Expression ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Tropical Fruit ◽  
Amyloid A ◽  
Intracerebroventricular Infusion ◽  
Model Of Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Significant Difference

This study aimed to determine the effects of tropical fruit juice mixture (pomegranate, white guava, and Roselle) on biochemical, behavioral, and histopathological changes of β-amyloid- (Aβ-) induced rats. Formulation 8 (F8) of tropical fruit juice mixture was chosen for this present study due to its high phenolic content and antioxidant capacity. Forty Wistar male rats were divided into five groups: dPBS (sham-operated control), dAβ (Aβ control), JPBS (F8 and PBS), JAβ (F8 and Aβ), and IBFAβ (ibuprofen and Aβ). F8 (5 ml/kg BW), and ibuprofen (10 ml/kg BW) was given orally daily for four weeks before the intracerebroventricular infusion of Aβ for two weeks. Histological analysis and neuronal count of hippocampus tissue in the Cornu Ammonis (CA1) region showed that supplementation with F8 was able to prevent Aβ-induced tissue damage and neuronal shrinkage. However, no significant difference in locomotor activity and novel object recognition (NOR) percentage was detected among different groups at day 7 and day 14 following Aβ infusion. Only effect of time differences (main effect of day) was observed at day 7 as compared to day 14, where reduction in locomotor activity and NOR percentage was observed in all groups, with F (1, 7) = 6.940, p<0.05 and F (1, 7) = 7.152, p<0.05, respectively. Besides, the MDA level of the JAβ group was significantly lower (p<0.01) than that of the dPBS group. However, no significant changes in SOD activity were detected among different groups. Significant reduction in plasma CRH level (p<0.05) and iNOS expression (p<0.01) in the brain was detected in the JAβ group as compared to the dAβ group. Hence, our current findings suggest that the tropical fruit juice mixture (F8) has the potential to protect the rats from Aβ-induced neurotoxicity in brain hippocampus tissue possibly via its antioxidant properties and the suppression of iNOS expression and CRH production.

scholarly journals CT Imaging and Spontaneous Behavior Analysis After Osmotic Blood-Brain Barrier Opening in Wistar Rat

2014 ◽  
pp. S529-S534 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. KOZLER ◽  
V. RILJAK ◽  
K. JANDOVÁ ◽  
J. POKORNÝ
Keyword(s):  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Brain Edema ◽  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Spontaneous Locomotor Activity ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Blood Brain ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Brain

In our previous experiments we demonstrated that osmotic opening of the blood brain barrier (BBB) in rats by administration of mannitol into the internal carotid artery leads to cerebral edema. The aim of this study was to confirm objectively the development of brain edema and determine whether it affects spontaneous locomotor activity in rats (SLA). Brain edema was verified by computer tomography (CT) examination of the brain and SLA was observed during open field test. Twenty four adult male rats were divided into four groups of six: (1) control animals (C), (2) controls with anesthesia (CA), (3) controls with sham surgery (CS), (4) experimental – osmotic opening of the BBB (MA). Osmotic BBB disruption manifested by reducing the density of brain tissue (hypodensity), suggesting a higher water content in the brain tissue. SLA was compared between C, CA, CS and MA groups and between MA and CA groups. Significant difference was found only between the control group and MA group. In the first 30 min of the examination, rats after the mannitol administration revealed a marked limitation of spontaneous locomotor activity. Experimental results demonstrated reduction of spontaneous locomotor activity in rats with induced brain edema.

scholarly journals Protective Effects of Aqueous Extract ofLuehea divaricataagainst Behavioral and Oxidative Changes Induced by 3-Nitropropionic Acid in Rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Alves Courtes ◽  
Letícia Priscila Arantes ◽  
Rômulo Pillon Barcelos ◽  
Ingrid Kich da Silva ◽  
Aline Augusti Boligon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Nitropropionic Acid ◽  
3 Nitropropionic Acid

Huntington’s disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disease. Accordingly, 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NP) has been found to effectively produce HD-like symptoms.Luehea divaricata(L. divaricata), popularly known in Brazil as “açoita-cavalo,” may act as a neuroprotective agentin vitroandin vivo. We evaluated the hypothesis that the aqueous extract ofL. divaricatacould prevent behavioral and oxidative alterations induced by 3-NP in rats. 25 adult Wistar male rats were divided into 5 groups: (1) control, (2)L. divaricata(1000 mg/kg), (3) 3-NP, (4)L. divaricata(500 mg/kg) + 3-NP, and (5)L. divaricata(1000 mg/kg) + 3-NP. Groups 2, 4, and 5 receivedL. divaricatavia intragastric gavage daily for 10 days. Animals in groups 3, 4, and 5 received 20 mg/kg 3-NP daily from days 8–10. At day 10, parameters of locomotor activity and biochemical evaluations were performed. Indeed, rats treated with 3-NP showed decreased locomotor activity compared to controls. Additionally, 3-NP increased levels of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation and decreased ratio of GSH/GSSG and acetylcholinesterase activity in cortex and/or striatum. Our results suggest that rats pretreated withL. divaricataprior to 3-NP treatment showed neuroprotective effects when compared to 3-NP treated controls, which may be due to its antioxidant properties.

scholarly journals Pulmonary Protective Effects of Propofol on Cisplatin-Induced Oxidative Damage in Male Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-75
Author(s):  
Sajjad Makhdoomi ◽  
Akram Oftade ◽  
Sodabe Khodabandehlou ◽  
Akram Ranjbar
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lung Tissue ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Protected Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Pulmonary Damage ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Background: The present study was performed to investigate the protective effects of propofol against cisplatin-induced pulmonary toxicity in rats. Methods: A total of 20 male Wistar rats weighing 180-250 g were divided into four groups of control, the cisplatin-intoxicated group intraperitoneally (IP) injected with cisplatin (7 mg/kg/d for a week), the propofol group (10 mg/kg/d, IP), and the protected group receiving propofol (10 mg/kg/d, IP) poisoned by cisplatin. Then, the biomarkers of total antioxidant capacity (TAC), catalase (CAT) activity, and lipid peroxidation (LPO) were measured in homogeneous lung tissues. Results: The data revealed the evidence of oxidative stress in the lung tissue of cisplatin-intoxicated rats as indicated by an increase in the level of LPO compared with propofol and protected groups (P<0.05). Moreover, TAC decreased in the cisplatin group while it increased in the propofol group compared to cisplatin and protected groups (P<0.05). No significant difference was observed between the groups regarding CAT (P>0.05). Protection with propofol ameliorated the oxidative stress induced by cisplatin in the lung tissue because of the reduction of LPO. Conclusion: According to these results, it seems that propofol provides a remarkable protection against cisplatin-induced oxidative pulmonary damage mediated by its antioxidant properties.

scholarly journals Physico-chemical, Antioxidant Properties and Sensory Attributes of Golden Melon (Cucumis melon L)-Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) Juice Blends

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Mopeloa Ajoke Sodipo ◽  
Adenike Temitope Owolabi ◽  
Timilehin David Oluwajuyitan
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Juice ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Synergetic Effect ◽  
Antioxidant Property ◽  
Sensory Attributes ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Overall Acceptability ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Significant Difference

This study investigates the physico-chemical, antioxidant properties and sensory attributes of golden melon-watermelon fruits juice blends. The juice extracted from golden melon and watermelon fruits were mixed together in different ratios 100% watermelon (GMW 1), 100% golden melon (GMW 2), 50% golden melon and 50% watermelon (GMW 3), 70% golden melon and 30% watermelon (GMW 4), 30% golden melon and 70% watermelon (GMW 5) in order to establish possible synergetic effect. The proximate composition of the samples ranged from 92.07 – 93.91%; 0.49 – 0.81%; 1.83 – 4.91%; 1.80 – 3.62% for moisture content, total ash, crude protein and carbohydrate respectively. The pH of the fruit juice blends ranged from 5.40 to 5.48. There is no significant difference (p<0.05) among the fruits juice samples. The mineral composition of the fruit juice for sodium (Na), potassium (K), iron (Fe), and calcium (Ca) ranged from 17.01 to 41.76 mg/100 g, 9.26 to 38.51 mg/100 g, 0.38 to 1.88 mg/100g, and 3.49 to 8.96 mg/100g respectively. The result shows that the total phenolic content ranged from 6.32-10.20 mg GEA/ 100 g; total flavonoid ranged from 0.08-0.13 mg QAE/ 100 g; DPPH ranged from 55-80%; ABTS ranged from 0.022-0.025 mmol. TEAC/ 100 g and FRAP ranged from 1.20-4.23 mg AAE/g. The results of sensory attributes of the fruit juice revealed that, fruit juice GMW 5 was the most preferable in aroma, taste and overall acceptability by the panelist. Hence, golden melon-watermelon fruit juice blends may serve as a source of strong antioxidant property that may be used to improve health status.

scholarly journals The Influence of Basil Seed Hydroethanolic Extract on the Skin Wound Healing in Diabetic Male Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-383
Author(s):  
Mehran Hadi ◽  
Elham Moghtadaei-Khorasgani ◽  
Mohammad Hossein Etesamnia
Keyword(s):  
Medical Science ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Diabetic Rat ◽  
Herbaceous Plant ◽  
Skin Wound Healing ◽  
Healthy Group ◽  
Cutaneous Wounds ◽  
Significant Difference

Diabetic wounds and cutaneous wounds are important issues in medical science. Basil is an herbaceous plant and has compounds such as terpenes, flavonoids, and antioxidant properties. A total of 50 male Wistar rats were allocated into 10 groups including the healthy group without treatment, the healthy group treated with 1% phenytoin, eucerin, 5% basil seed extract, 10% basil seed, diabetic group without treatment, 1% phenytoin, eucerin. After anesthesia of rats, we made a 4 cm2 wound on the back of the animal, and different histopathological characteristics were examined, and also on days 3, 7, and 21, the area of wounds was analyzed. In the healthy group treated with 10% basil seed extract, it was revealed that the wound size was significantly healed in the research days. In the diabetic rat groups, the decrease in the wound area was not significant and there was no significant difference between groups. Histopathological findings on day 21 in the healthy group treated with 10% basil seed extract revealed proper epidermis formation and relatively dense dermis containing collagen filaments. While in the diabetic groups, healing was slower. The results indicated that basil extract with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant characteristics can quicken the repair of cutaneous wounds.

scholarly journals Effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Rosa damascena Mill on the cardiac angiogenesis in diabetic male rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-87
Author(s):  
Shiva Nosrati ◽  
Mohammad Zarei ◽  
Iraj Salehi ◽  
Sara Soleimani Asl ◽  
Alireza Komaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
The Body ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Rosa Damascena ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Significant Difference

Background and aims: The cardiac angiogenesis is one of the complications of diabetes. The oxidative stress occurs when there is an imbalance between the production of free radicals and antioxidant defense of the body. In diabetes mellitus, hyperglycemia induces increased oxidative stress through biological processes. Diabetes is also associated with reduced antioxidant defense by reducing glutathione, catalase, and superoxide dismutase. Rosa damascena Mill has antioxidant properties. This study aimed to investigate the effects of hydroalcoholic extract of R. damascena Mill on cardiac angiogenesis in diabetic rats. Methods: In this experimental study carried out in 2016, a total of 48 adult male Wistar rats (190-200 g) were randomly divided into 8 groups (n=6) including control, extracts (200, 400, and 1000 mg/kg), diabetic, and diabetic plus extracts (200, 400, and 1000 mg/kg). Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of streptozotocin (STZ) (50 mg/kg) and the rats were gavaged with different doses of extract for 30 days. At the end of the treatment, serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were determined by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay and the rat hearts were removed for immunohistochemistry study. Results: The treatment with hydroalcoholic extract of R. damascene Mill had no significant effect on cardiac capillary density [F (7, 40)=0.5, P>0.05] and the serum levels of VEGF [F (7, 40)=0.406, P>0.05]. However, there was no significant difference in blood glucose level in extract groups compared to control rats as well as diabetic plus extract groups compared to diabetic rats [F (7,40)=0.787, P>0.05]. Conclusion: According to our results, the hydroalcoholic extract of R. damascene Mill had no effect on cardiac angiogenesis in the normal and diabetic subjects. These findings were probably due to the insufficient amounts of effective ingredients, especially flavonoids, in this plant, or the duration of extract administration.

IOP Lowering Effects of Ocimum basilicum Seed Extract in Two Rabbit Models of Ocular Hypertension

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Renu Agarwal ◽  
SK Gupta ◽  
Sushma Srivastava ◽  
Rohit Saxena
Keyword(s):  
Ocular Hypertension ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Ocimum Basilicum ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Water Loading ◽  
Antiglaucoma Medication ◽  
Lowering Effect ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control

Introduction: Ocimum basilicum (OB), a herb known for its antihypertensive, anticholinesterase and antioxidant properties was investigated for possible intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering effects in rabbits with ocular hypertension (OHT). Methods: The IOP lowering effect of a single drop of OB extract (OBE) was evaluated in oculonormotensive rabbits using three concentrations (0.25, 0.5 and 1% w/v). The concentration showing maximum IOP reduction was further evaluated in rabbits with water-loading and steroid-induced OHT. Results: IOP lowering effect of OBE 0.5% in oculonormotensive rabbit eyes was significantly greater compared to OBE 0.25% (p<0.05) but was comparable (p>0.05) to OBE 1%. Therefore, 0.5% concentration was selected for further evaluation. Pretreatment with OBE (0.5%) caused significantly lower increase in IOP after water loading amounting to 23.39% above baseline as compared to 54.00% in control eye, 15 minutes post water loading. At 60 minutes, post water loading, mean IOP rise was 95.12% and 63.58% in control and test eyes, respectively. Significant difference between the mean IOP of two eyes persisted during the 2nd hr. In rabbits with steroid induced OHT, OBE 0.5% produced a mean IOP reduction of 24.73% at the end of first hr and the mean peak IOP reduction of 31.63% was observed at the end of 2 hr. A significant difference between the IOP of test and control eyes persisted from 1 to 6 hr. Conclusions: Ocimum basilicum seed extract showed significant IOP lowering effect in rabbits with water loading and steroid induced OHT, however, its utility as an effective antiglaucoma medication needs further investigations.

Evaluation of diuretic and antioxidant properties in aqueous bark and fruit extracts of pine

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadi Shariati ◽  
Mohammad Hassanpour ◽  
Gholamreza Sharifzadeh ◽  
Asghar Zarban ◽  
Saeed Samarghandian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Pine Bark ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Dose Dependent

Objective: The present study has been carried out to evaluate the diuretic and antioxidant properties of pine herb in an animal model. Materials and Methods: 45 adult male rats were randomly divided into nine groups including: groups I (the negative control), groups II (positive control, furosemide 10 mg/kg), groups III to VIII (treatment groups received 100, 200, 400 mg/kg of the aqueous extracts of bark and fruit) and group IX received the combination of aqueous extract of bark (100 mg/kg) and the fruit (100 mg/kg). The urine output, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), electrolytes, urea, and creatinine levels were evaluated . Furthermore, the phenolic content and antioxidant activity of both extracts were also assessed using 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and Folin–Ciocalteu methods. Results: The aqueous extracts of the pine bark and fruit increased the urinary output in a dose-dependent manner. The combination of the two extracts compared to the other extracts alone significantly increased the serum potassium level. This study also showed each extract increase creatinine clearance in a dose-dependent manner (p<0.01 and p<0.05). The increase of GFR in the combination group was not significant. The current data showed a significant increase in the total phenolic content in pine bark extract in compared with the fruit extract. Conclusion: The pine bark and fruit can be useful in the prevention and treatment of kidney stones due to the high antioxidant activity.

scholarly journals The effect of metabolism on the course of labor and the postpartum period in highly productive cows

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 00256
Author(s):  
Murat Baimishev ◽  
Sergey Eremin ◽  
Kirill Plemyashov ◽  
Hamidulla Baimishev ◽  
Igor Konopeltsev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Postpartum Period ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Duration Of Pregnancy

The purpose of the research is to determine the etiopathogenesis of reproductive dysfunction in highly productive cows. For this, one group of cows was formed on the principle of paranalogs in the amount of 37 animals inseminated in the first sexual hunt after calving, followed by taking blood samples from them using the Monovet system, considering the duration of pregnancy. During the start-up period, blood was taken 1–4 days before calving and on the first day after calving. A total of 253 blood samples were examined. Subsequently, depending on the effectiveness of insemination, animals were divided into two groups. The first group included inseminated cows after the first insemination (20 animals), the second group included 17 unfertilized cows after the first insemination. Subsequently, blood was taken from animals considering the course of childbirth and the postpartum period. Blood counts were studied according to generally accepted methods using certified equipment. The study found that at an early stage of pregnancy, cows have a significant difference in lipid metabolism and in their peroxidation, in the state of antioxidant systems compared to unstable animals. In the process of pregnancy development in cows, there is a decrease in the level of total lipids and their class, and the accumulation of products of transoxidation of lipids is reduced. In animals with retention of the placenta, a low lipid metabolism and a higher level of peroxidation were established already in the dry period. After calving, this difference increases. The obtained data can be used to develop an algorithm for the prevention of postpartum complications in cows by using substances with antioxidant properties.

scholarly journals Optimising Tropical Fruit Juice Quality Using Thermosonication-Assisted Extraction via Blocked Face-Centered Composite Design

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Norazlin Abdullah ◽  
Nyuk Ling Chin
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Fruit Juice ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Content ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Quadratic Model ◽  
Juice Quality ◽  
Tropical Fruit ◽  
Total Soluble Solids ◽  
Juice Yield ◽  
Solids Content

Extraction of tropical fruit juice using simple, efficient, and environmentally friendly technologies is gaining importance to produce high quality juices. Juice from pink-fleshed guava, pink-fleshed pomelo, and soursop was extracted using direct and indirect thermosonication methods by varying intensity, time, and temperature, and compared to those extracted using water bath incubation. Improvised models of juice yield, ascorbic acid, and total soluble solids responses were generated by eliminating insignificant model terms of the factors in full quadratic model using backward eliminating procedure. Main effects, 3D, or 4D plots for each response were developed based on factors that influenced the response. Results showed that the best extraction method for guava and pomelo juices were within indirect thermosonication method of 1 kW, 55 °C and 30 min, and 2.5 kW, 54 °C and 23 min, respectively. Direct thermosonication method at 10% amplitude, 55 °C for 2 to 10 min was more suitable for soursop juice. Thermosonicated extraction of tropical fruit juice can improve its juice yield, ascorbic acid content, and total soluble solids content.

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