Digital Inclusive Finance, Multidimensional Education, and Farmers’ Entrepreneurial Behavior

Scarce financial supply and low education level are important factors that inhibit the entrepreneurial behavior of rural residents in China. Based on the Static Career Choice Model, this paper matches the 2016 China Household Finance Survey (CHFS) micro-data with the Peking University Digital Financial Inclusive Index of the previous years to empirically test the impact of digital financial inclusion and academic education, tacit knowledge, and Internet learning on farmers. The direct influence and linkage effect of entrepreneurial behaviors revealed that digital financial inclusion and multidimensional education could significantly promote farmers’ entrepreneurial choices. Digital financial inclusion can relieve the constraints of insufficient academic education on farmers’ entrepreneurial choices, partially replace the tacit knowledge for rural residents, and improve the efficiency of Internet learning, which ultimately enhances the entrepreneurial behavior choices of the farmers. Our results are still significant and robust with respect to the sample data, explained variables, and estimation methods. We also consider the use of instrumental variables to overcome the potential endogeneity issues. Through comparative analysis of different regions, it is found that the performance is particularly obvious in the eastern region.

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The Impact of Medical Insurance on Household Stock Market Participation: Evidence From China Household Finance Survey

Frontiers in Public Health ◽

10.3389/fpubh.2021.710896 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Author(s):

Gui Fen Shi ◽

Mei Li ◽

Tao-Tao Shen ◽

Yue Ma

Keyword(s):

Stock Market ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Household Finance ◽

Medical Insurance ◽

Estimation Methods ◽

Eastern Region ◽

Mechanism Analysis ◽

Market Participation ◽

Stock Market Participation ◽

The Impact

This paper explores the impact of medical insurance on the possibility of household participation in the stock market and the portfolio share of equity, applying Probit, and Tobit models with the data from China Household Finance Survey (CHFS). The empirical results highlight that participating in medical insurance can significantly increase the possibility of households participating in the stock market and the portfolio share of equity, and have passed the robustness tests, including propensity score matching (PSM), altering estimation methods, replacing explained variables, and eliminating samples. Besides, heterogeneity analysis shows that the impact of medical insurance on household stock market participation is more significant in eastern region, urban areas, and households with higher income level. Further mechanism analysis implies that household participation in medical insurance mainly affects their stock market participation through preventive savings effect. It is necessary to improve the medical insurance system and encourage household participation in stock market so as to further promote financial development in China.

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An Empirical Study on the Relationship between Education and Economic Development Based on PVAR Model

Scientific Programming ◽

10.1155/2021/6052182 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-13

Author(s):

Zhenzi Sun

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Economic Development ◽

Empirical Study ◽

Education Level ◽

Estimation Methods ◽

Eastern Region ◽

Theoretical Relationship ◽

Development Level ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship

In order to effectively analyze the dynamic relationship between education and economic development, an empirical study on the relationship between education and economic development based on the PVAR model is proposed. This article expounds on the principles, assumptions, identification, and estimation methods of the PVAR model, takes the education level and economic development level as the research object, explains the corresponding variables, and selects the indicators. Using Cobb–Douglas production function as a theoretical model, this article analyzes the theoretical relationship between the education level and economic development level. Based on this theoretical relationship, this article makes an empirical analysis on the relationship between education level and economic development level using the PVAR model. The results show that, on the whole, economic development can drive the development of education, but there are obvious regional differences in the impact of economic growth on the development of education. The impact of economic growth in the eastern region on education is significantly higher than that in the central and western regions. There is an interactive relationship between education level and economic development level, and there is a certain incubation period for education level and economic development level to play their role.

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Does digital finance benefit the income of rural residents? A case study on China

Quantitative Finance and Economics ◽

10.3934/qfe.2021030 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 664-688

Author(s):

Tinghui Li ◽

◽

Jiehua Ma

Keyword(s):

Financial Development ◽

Industrial Structure ◽

Education Level ◽

Regional Level ◽

Financial Inclusion ◽

Rural Residents ◽

Data Set ◽

Development Level ◽

The Impact ◽

Structure Education

<abstract> <p>Rural residents' income is one of the core issues of rural economic development, and digital financial inclusion is one of the important influencing factors of rural residents' income. Especially under the background of the implementation of digital financial technology, the relationship between the two has become more complex. Based on the panel data set of 1624 counties in Chinese mainland in the past 2014–2019 years, the paper uses panel regression models to study the impact of digital financial inclusion on rural residents' income. Further, by analyzing the industrial structure, education level and financial development level, the following conclusions are drawn. First, digital financial inclusion significantly promotes the increase of rural residents' income, but there are differences in regional level and different quantiles of rural residents' income. At the regional level, the promotion of control effect at the provincial level is stronger than that at the county level; in different quantiles of residents' income, with the increase of residents' income quantile, the promoting effect is gradually enhanced. Second, the heterogeneous impact of digital financial inclusion on rural residents' income is reflected in three aspects: regional development, education level and financial development level. Third, industrial structure, education level and financial development level will enhance the promotion effect of digital financial inclusion on rural residents' income, but there are significant differences in the intensity of the regulatory effect of the three variables.</p> </abstract>

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Does the Level of Financial Cognition Affect the Income of Rural Households? Based on the Moderating Effect of the Digital Financial Inclusion Index

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11091813 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (9) ◽

pp. 1813

Author(s):

Fanqi Zou ◽

Tinghui Li ◽

Feite Zhou

Keyword(s):

Household Income ◽

Rapid Development ◽

Rural Households ◽

Moderating Effect ◽

Rural Household ◽

Financial Inclusion ◽

Cognitive Level ◽

Rural Residents ◽

The Individual ◽

The Impact

Financial cognitive ability is an important part of human capital, which has a direct impact on household income. The dual differences composed by rural residents’ cognition level and residents’ income make the relationship between the two complicated. Based on the analysis of the impact of financial cognitive level on rural household income, this paper takes into account the individual heterogeneity of financial cognition to build an unconditional quantile regression (UQR) model through the micro data of the China Household Financial Survey Project (CHFS). Incorporating the background of the rapid development of digital finance, this paper also studies the impact of rural residents’ financial cognition on household income. The empirical results of the article have the following conclusions: First, on the whole, the improvement of financial cognitive level promotes the increase of rural household income, but this promotion has significant differences at different quantile levels of household income. Second, the digital financial inclusion index in the region has a positive moderating effect on the impact of financial cognition on the income of rural households. Third, the heterogeneity of the impact of financial cognition on the income of rural households is reflected in the two aspects of regions and household assets.

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The Impact of Missing and Error-Prone Auxiliary Information on Sparse-Matrix Sub-Population Parameter Estimates

Methodology ◽

10.1027/1614-2241/a000095 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 89-99 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Leslie Rutkowski ◽

Yan Zhou

Keyword(s):

Sparse Matrix ◽

Small Body ◽

Auxiliary Information ◽

Poor Quality ◽

Quality Data ◽

Estimation Methods ◽

Parameter Estimates ◽

Population Parameter ◽

Conditioning Model ◽

The Impact

Abstract. Given a consistent interest in comparing achievement across sub-populations in international assessments such as TIMSS, PIRLS, and PISA, it is critical that sub-population achievement is estimated reliably and with sufficient precision. As such, we systematically examine the limitations to current estimation methods used by these programs. Using a simulation study along with empirical results from the 2007 cycle of TIMSS, we show that a combination of missing and misclassified data in the conditioning model induces biases in sub-population achievement estimates, the magnitude and degree to which can be readily explained by data quality. Importantly, estimated biases in sub-population achievement are limited to the conditioning variable with poor-quality data while other sub-population achievement estimates are unaffected. Findings are generally in line with theory on missing and error-prone covariates. The current research adds to a small body of literature that has noted some of the limitations to sub-population estimation.

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The Impact of Entrepreneurial Behavior on Sales Volume

International Journal of Management Entrepreneurship Social Sciences and Humanities ◽

10.31098/ijmesh.v1i1.3 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Adjeng Tiara Eltari ◽

Hendrati Dwi Mulyaningsih

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Research ◽

Coefficient Of Determination ◽

Sales Volume ◽

Entrepreneurial Behavior ◽

Street Vendors ◽

Quantitative Research Methods ◽

Entrepreneurial Behaviour ◽

Full Calculation ◽

Almost All ◽

The Impact

This research was conducted at the Culinary Hawkers that located on Highway Sukapura, Dayeuhkolot, Bandung. This study examines the Entrepreneurial behaviour which resulted in increased sales volumes. Almost all Culinary Hawkers on Highway Sukapura doesn’t yet have the entrepreneurial behavior in accordance with the characteristics - traits mentioned by Suryana, Confident, Own initiative, Have achievement motive, Having leadership, and Dare to take risks with the full calculation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of entrepreneurial behavior to the merchant's sales volume culinary pavement on Highway Sukapura, Dayeuhkolot, Bandung.Researchers used quantitative research methods. The population in this study was 63 Merchants Culinary Street on Highway Sukapura. Samples are 63 street vendors in JalanSukapura. Data were analyzed using simple regression analysis.The results showed that entrepreneurial behavior affect the sales volume of culinary street traders in Highway Sukapura. Based on the calculation coefficient of determination (R2) can be seen the effect of entrepreneurial behavior variables (X) on sales volume (Y) is approximately 94%. While the remaining 6% are influenced by other factors such as competence, performance, and motivation.

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The Impact of Zoning and Built Environment Characteristics on Transit, Biking, and Walking

Journal of Sustainable Real Estate ◽

10.22300/1949-8276.11.1.108 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 108-129

Author(s):

Andrew G. Mueller ◽

Daniel J. Trujillo

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Built Environment ◽

Discrete Choice ◽

Travel Behavior ◽

Choice Model ◽

Mode Choice ◽

Land Use Regulation ◽

Policy Action ◽

Development Goals ◽

The Impact

This study furthers existing research on the link between the built environment and travel behavior, particularly mode choice (auto, transit, biking, walking). While researchers have studied built environment characteristics and their impact on mode choice, none have attempted to measure the impact of zoning on travel behavior. By testing the impact of land use regulation in the form of zoning restrictions on travel behavior, this study expands the literature by incorporating an additional variable that can be changed through public policy action and may help cities promote sustainable real estate development goals. Using a unique, high-resolution travel survey dataset from Denver, Colorado, we develop a multinomial discrete choice model that addresses unobserved travel preferences by incorporating sociodemographic, built environment, and land use restriction variables. The results suggest that zoning can be tailored by cities to encourage reductions in auto usage, furthering sustainability goals in transportation.

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The Impact of using 3D Interactive Animation Tool in Teaching Computer Programming at the Senior High School Level

Circulation in Computer Science ◽

10.22632/ccs-2018-252-78 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 18-28

Author(s):

Najim Ussiph ◽

Hamidu Kwame Seidu

Keyword(s):

High School ◽

Research Work ◽

Instructional Method ◽

Senior High School ◽

School Level ◽

Eastern Region ◽

3D Animation ◽

High School Level ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Impact

A quasi experiment with interview was adopted to study the aptness of using 3D animations as an instructional method to introduce programming concepts to students at the Senior High School level. This research work was conducted with 100 students of Akroso Senior High School in the Birim central municipality of the eastern region of Ghana who were generally programming novice. Programming concepts considered included programming environments, loops, functions sequential and conditional execution of programs. A paired t-test carried out on the results of the performance test presents a p-value of 0.008 indicative of a numerically significant difference between the mean marks of participants during the experiments that used 3D animation method as against the experiments that used the text base method. Results from the interview showed that the instructional method used had impact on the performance of the learners. The use of 3D animation method presented programming concepts in a form that the learners can understand, motivates them to pursue programming related courses at a higher level and also impacts positively on their performance.

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How tourism industry agglomeration improves tourism economic efficiency?

Tourism Economics ◽

10.1177/13548166211009116 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 135481662110091

Author(s):

Zhoufei Li ◽

Huiyue Liu

Keyword(s):

Positive Impact ◽

Regional Analysis ◽

Tourism Industry ◽

Scale Efficiency ◽

Eastern Region ◽

Location Quotient ◽

Industry Agglomeration ◽

Central Regions ◽

National Perspective ◽

The Impact

The agglomeration of the tourism industry has important effects on its efficiency. This article used panel data on the Chinese provincial tourism industry for the 2011–2016 period, applied the location quotient index and three-stage data envelopment analysis method to, respectively, measure the degree of agglomeration and efficiency, and explained the impact of agglomeration on tourism efficiency. The empirical results of this study indicate the following. (1) China’s tourism industry shows a trend towards agglomeration, revealing gradient differences where the highest degree of agglomeration is in the eastern region, followed by the western and central regions. (2) After eliminating random and environmental factors, the adjusted efficiencies are lower than the unadjusted efficiencies. The average overall tourism efficiency is higher in the eastern region than in the central and western regions. (3) From the national perspective, industrial agglomeration can significantly improve the overall efficiency (TE), pure technical efficiency (PTE), and scale efficiency of the tourism industry. (4) Based on regional analysis, the agglomeration of the eastern tourism industry can significantly enhance its TE and PTE. Agglomeration for the western area has a significant positive impact on PTE. There is no significant relationship between agglomeration and efficiency in the central region.

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Impacts of Foreign Direct Investment and Industrial Structure Transformation on Haze Pollution across China

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13105439 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (10) ◽

pp. 5439

Author(s):

Chenggang Li ◽

Tao Lin ◽

Zhenci Xu ◽

Yuzhu Chen

Keyword(s):

Foreign Direct Investment ◽

Environmental Pollution ◽

Direct Investment ◽

Industrial Structure ◽

Spatial Data Analysis ◽

Annual Data ◽

Eastern Region ◽

Structure Transformation ◽

Haze Pollution ◽

The Impact

With the development of economic globalization, some local environmental pollution has become a global environmental problem through international trade and transnational investment. This paper selects the annual data of 30 provinces in China from 2000 to 2017 and adopts exploratory spatial data analysis methods to explore the spatial agglomeration characteristics of haze pollution in China’s provinces. Furthermore, this paper constructs a spatial econometric model to test the impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) and industrial structure transformation on haze pollution. The research results show that the high-high concentration area of haze pollution in China has shifted from the central and western regions to the eastern region and from inland regions to coastal regions. When FDI increases by 1%, haze pollution in local and neighboring areas will be reduced by 0.066% and 0.3538%, respectively. However, the impact of FDI on haze pollution is heterogeneous in different stages of economic development. FDI can improve the rationalization level of industrial structure, and then inhibit the haze pollution. However, FDI inhibits the upgrading level of industrial structure to a certain extent, and then aggravates the haze pollution. The research in this paper provides an important decision-making basis for coordinating the relationship between FDI and environmental pollution and realizing green development.

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